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Silveira AK, Gomes HM, Fröhlich NT, Possa L, Santos L, Kessler F, Martins A, Rodrigues MS, De Oliveira J, do Nascimento ND, Sirena D, Paz AH, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF. Sodium Butyrate Protects Against Intestinal Oxidative Damage and Neuroinflammation in the Prefrontal Cortex of Ulcerative Colitis Mice Model. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:796-814. [PMID: 37665564 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2244967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) cause increased inflammatory signalling and oxidative damage. IBDs are correlated with an increased incidence of brain-related disorders suggesting that the gut-brain-axis exerts a pivotal role in IBD. Butyrate is one of the main microbial metabolites in the colon, and it can cross the blood-brain barrier, directly affecting the brain. We induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice utilizing dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in the drinking water for 7 days. Animals were divided into four groups, receiving water or DSS and treated with saline or 0,066 g/kg of Sodium Butyrate for 7 days. We also used an integrative approach, combining bioinformatics functional network and experimental strategies to understand how butyrate may affect UC. Butyrate was able to attenuate colitis severity and intestinal inflammation. Butyrate protected the colon against oxidative damage in UC and protected the prefrontal cortex from neuroinflammation observed in DSS group. Immunocontent of tight junction proteins Claudin-5 and Occludin were reduced in colon of DSS group mice and butyrate was able to restore to control levels. Occludin and Claudin-5 decrease in DSS group indicate that an intestinal barrier disruption may lead to the increased influx of gut-derived molecules, causing neuroinflammation in the prefrontal cortex, observed by increased IBA-1 marker. The probable protection mechanism of butyrate treatment occurs through NRF2 through Nrf2 and HIF-1α activation and consequent activation of catalase and superoxide dismutase. Our data suggest that systemic inflammation associated with intestinal barrier disruption in UC leads to neuroinflammation in the prefrontal cortex, which was atenuated by butyrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Kleber Silveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nicole Thais Fröhlich
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Luana Possa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lucas Santos
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flávio Kessler
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alberto Martins
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Matheus Scarpatto Rodrigues
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jade De Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Natália Duarte do Nascimento
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Dienifer Sirena
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Clinics Hospital of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana Helena Paz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS) Avenida, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Mendes DCS, Rodrigues DTA, Gomes HM, Lenz TM, Silva CM, Antonio IG. Pathogens and microorganisms in the mangrove oyster Crassostrea gasar cultivated in an estuarine environment in Northeast Brazil. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e272789. [PMID: 37729211 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.272789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Estuaries are important ecosystems due to the ecological services they provide, acting as nurseries for many species of fish and invertebrates, and are also used as environments for the extraction and cultivation of mollusks. Oysters are animals that filter water to obtain oxygen and nutrients. In this process, they can bioaccumulate microorganisms and chemical substances in their tissues. The growth of mollusk culture in Northeastern Brazil requires the health identification of cultivated oysters through the quantification of the potentially harmful microbiota accumulated in the animals. Therefore, the present work aims to quantify and identify bacteria and possible pathogens found in the tissues of cultivated oysters and their culture waters. The Most Probable Number of Coliforms (MPN) in oysters and water were considered suitable according to the Brazilian current legislation, Vibrio sp. obtained low colonization and Salmonella sp. was not observed. The prevalence of microorganisms potentially pathogenic to oysters was 33.7%, highlighting metazoans and Nematopsis sp., however, the intensity of the infestation of these organisms was moderate. The low contamination of oysters demonstrates that this culture environment is promising for this activity. However, continuous environmental and sanitary monitoring is fundamental to guarantee the safety of the culture waters and the sustainability of aquaculture activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- D C S Mendes
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - D T A Rodrigues
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - H M Gomes
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - T M Lenz
- Instituto Federal de Alagoas - IFAL, Penedo, AL, Brasil
| | - C M Silva
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, São Luís, MA, Brasil
| | - I G Antonio
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação da Biodiversidade, São Luís, MA, Brasil
- Universidade Estadual do Maranhão - UEMA, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, São Luís, MA, Brasil
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Mautone Gomes H, Silveira AK, Gasparotto J, Bortolin RC, Terra SR, Brum PO, Gelain DP, Fonseca Moreira JC. Effects of coconut oil long-term supplementation in Wistar rats during metabolic syndrome - regulation of metabolic conditions involving glucose homeostasis, inflammatory signals, and oxidative stress. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 114:109272. [PMID: 36681309 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the long-term effects of Fructose (20%) feeding in rats, simulating metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the effects of coconut oil (C.O.) supplementation when administered in a MetS context. MetS is a cluster of systemic conditions that represent an increased chance of developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes in the future. C.O. has been the target of media speculation, and recent studies report inconsistent results. C.O. improved glucose homeostasis and reduced fat accumulation in Fructose-fed rats while decreasing the levels of triglycerides (TGs) in the liver. C.O. supplementation also increased TGs levels and fructosamine in serum during MetS, possibly due to white adipose tissue breakdown and high fructose feeding. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α were also increased in rats treated with Fructose and C.O. Oxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine is increased in fructose-fed animals, and C.O. treatment did not prevent this damage. No significant changes were observed in lipoperoxidation marker 4-Hydroxynonenal; however, fructose feeding increased total conjugated dienes and caused conjugated dienes to switch their conformation from cis-trans to trans-trans, which was not prevented by C.O. treatment. Potential benefits of C.O. have been reported with inconsistent results, and indeed we observed some benefits of C.O. supplementation in aiding weight loss, fat accumulation, and improving glucose homeostasis. Nonetheless, we also demonstrated that long-term C.O. supplementation could present some problematic effects with higher risk for individuals suffering MetS, including increased TGs and fructosamine levels and conformational changes in dienes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil.
| | - Alexandre K Silveira
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
| | - Juciano Gasparotto
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Departament of Biochemistry, Federal University of Alfenas - UNIFAL, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rafael Calixto Bortolin
- Departamento de Ingeniería Civil y Ambiental, Universidad de La Costa - Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Silvia R Terra
- Hospital Veterinário UNISUL, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Avenida José Acácio Moreira, 787, Dehon, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brasil
| | - Pedro O Brum
- Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, Universität Wien, department of microbiology, immunology and genetics, Max Perutz Labs, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel P Gelain
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
| | - José C Fonseca Moreira
- Center of Oxidative Stress Studies, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Sciences - Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Brazil
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Klotoe BJ, Kacimi S, Costa-Conceicão E, Gomes HM, Barcellos RB, Panaiotov S, Haj Slimene D, Sikhayeva N, Sengstake S, Schuitema AR, Akhalaia M, Alenova A, Zholdybayeva E, Tarlykov P, Anthony R, Refrégier G, Sola C. Genomic characterization of MDR/XDR-TB in Kazakhstan by a combination of high-throughput methods predominantly shows the ongoing transmission of L2/Beijing 94-32 central Asian/Russian clusters. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:553. [PMID: 31234780 PMCID: PMC6592005 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Kazakhstan remains a high-burden TB prevalence country with a concomitent high-burden of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis. For this reason, we performed an in depth genetic diversity and population structure characterization of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) genetic diversity in Kazakhstan with both patient and community benefit. Methods A convenience sample of 700 MTC DNA cultures extracts from 630 tuberculosis patients recruited from 12 out of 14 regions in Kazakhstan, between 2010 and 2015, was independently studied by high-throughput hybridization-based methods, TB-SPRINT (59-Plex, n = 700), TB-SNPID (50-Plex, n = 543). DNA from 391 clinical isolates was successfully typed by two methods. To resolve the population structure of drug-resistant clades in more detail two complementary assays were run on the L2 isolates: an IS6110-NTF insertion site typing assay and a SigE SNP polymorphism assay. Results Strains belonged to L2/Beijing and L4/Euro-American sublineages; L2/Beijing prevalence totaled almost 80%. 50% of all samples were resistant to RIF and to INH., Subtyping showed that: (1) all L2/Beijing were “modern” Beijing and (2) most of these belonged to the previously described 94–32 sublineage (Central Asian/Russian), (3) at least two populations of the Central Asian/Russian sublineages are circulating in Kazakhstan, with different evolutionary dynamics. Conclusions For the first time, the global genetic diversity and population structure of M. tuberculosis genotypes circulating in Kazakhstan was obtained and compared to previous local studies. Results suggest a region-specific spread of a very limited number of L2/Beijing clonal complexes in Kazakhstan many strongly associated with an MDR phenotype. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-4201-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Klotoe
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - S Kacimi
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - E Costa-Conceicão
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - H M Gomes
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Mycobacteria, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - R B Barcellos
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.,Center of Scientific and Technological Development (CDCT), Secretary of Health of Rio Grande do Sul State (SES/RS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - S Panaiotov
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.,National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - D Haj Slimene
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.,Institut Pasteur de Tunisie, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - N Sikhayeva
- National Centre for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - S Sengstake
- Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A R Schuitema
- Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Akhalaia
- Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Alenova
- National Centre for Tuberculosis Problems, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | | | - P Tarlykov
- National Centre for Biotechnology, Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - R Anthony
- Royal Tropical Institute (KIT), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G Refrégier
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France
| | - C Sola
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, France.
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Bortolin RC, Vargas AR, de Miranda Ramos V, Gasparotto J, Chaves PR, Schnorr CE, da Boit Martinello K, Silveira AK, Gomes HM, Rabelo TK, Grunwald MS, Ligabue-Braun R, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF. Guarana supplementation attenuated obesity, insulin resistance, and adipokines dysregulation induced by a standardized human Western diet via brown adipose tissue activation. Phytother Res 2019; 33:1394-1403. [PMID: 30868680 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic disorder associated with adverse health consequences that has increased worldwide at an epidemic rate. This has encouraged many people to utilize nonprescription herbal supplements for weight loss without knowledge of their safety or efficacy. However, mounting evidence has shown that some herbal supplements used for weight loss are associated with adverse effects. Guarana seed powder is a popular nonprescription dietary herb supplement marketed for weight loss, but no study has demonstrated its efficacy or safety when administered alone. Wistar rats were fed four different diets (low-fat diet and Western diet with or without guarana supplementation) for 18 weeks. Metabolic parameters, gut microbiota changes, and toxicity were then characterized. Guarana seed powder supplementation prevented weight gain, insulin resistance, and adipokine dysregulation induced by Western diet compared with the control diet. Guarana induced brown adipose tissue expansion, mitochondrial biogenesis, uncoupling protein-1 overexpression, AMPK activation, and minor changes in gut microbiota. Molecular docking suggested a direct activation of AMPK by four guarana compounds tested here. We propose that brown adipose tissue activation is one of the action mechanisms involved in guarana supplementation-induced weight loss and that direct AMPK activation may underlie this mechanism. In summary, guarana is an attractive potential therapeutic agent to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Calixto Bortolin
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Civil y Ambiental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Amanda Rodrigues Vargas
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vitor de Miranda Ramos
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Juciano Gasparotto
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paloma Rodrigues Chaves
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Kleber Silveira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thallita Kelly Rabelo
- Departamento de Educação em Saúde, Campus Universitário Professor Antônio Garcia Filho, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), Lagarto, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sartori Grunwald
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Ligabue-Braun
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Centro de Biotecnologia (CBiot), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Fonseca Moreira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Kleber Silveira A, Moresco KS, Mautone Gomes H, da Silva Morrone M, Kich Grun L, Pens Gelain D, de Mattos Pereira L, Giongo A, Rodrigues De Oliveira R, Fonseca Moreira JC. Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) alters gut microbiota and modulates redox status, partially via caffeine in Wistar rats. Phytother Res 2018; 32:2466-2474. [PMID: 30277282 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbiota alterations are observed in pathological conditions, and their regulation is a subject of great interest. Gut microbes are affected by diet, and plant polyphenols may have positive effect on gut microbiota; however, plant-derived extracts may have toxic effects. Guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) is a nontraditional medicinal plant applied worldwide. Guarana yields an alkaloid and polyphenol-rich seed with antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, where caffeine is the major compound. We evaluated the effects of guarana seed powder (GSP) and purified caffeine on gut microbial composition and redox and inflammatory parameters in Wistar rats after 21 days of treatment. Fecal microbiota was analyzed utilizing 16S rDNA sequencing. Antioxidant enzymes activities from liver, kidney, and colon, as well as oxidative damage markers, were evaluated. Total nonenzymatic antioxidant potential was also evaluated. Microbiota was altered by both treatments, GSP and caffeine, without loss of diversity. In the liver, the kidney, and the colon, we observed a decrease in the antioxidant enzymes activities in the GSP group with no increase in the expression of oxidative damage markers, although some enzymes were also regulated by caffeine. Taken together, these results suggested that GSP ameliorates redox parameters but negatively affected gut microbiota, partially via caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Kleber Silveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Karla Suzana Moresco
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maurílio da Silva Morrone
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Kich Grun
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Leandro de Mattos Pereira
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Giongo
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues De Oliveira
- Institute of Petroleum and Natural Resources, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Back PI, Furtado LR, Nemitz MC, Balestrin LA, Fachel FNS, Gomes HM, Schuh RS, Moreira JC, von Poser GL, Teixeira HF. Skin Permeation and Oxidative Protection Effect of Soybean Isoflavones from Topical Nanoemulsions-a Comparative Study of Extracts and Pure Compounds. AAPS PharmSciTech 2018; 19:3029-3039. [PMID: 30084071 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-018-1133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Soybean isoflavone-rich extracts have been considered as promising skin antiaging products due to their antioxidant activity. This study investigates the effect of soybean isoflavone forms on porcine ear skin permeation/retention from topical nanoemulsions and their potential in protecting skin against oxidative damage caused by UVA/UVB light. Soybean non-hydrolyzed (SNHE) and hydrolyzed (SHE) extracts, mainly composed of genistin and genistein, were produced. Nanoemulsions containing SNHE (NESNHE) and SHE (NESHE) were prepared by spontaneous emulsification procedure and yielded monodispersed nanoemulsions. A delay of isoflavone release was observed after extracts incorporation into nanoemulsions when compared to a propyleneglycol dispersion of pure compounds. An increase of isoflavone skin retention from nanoemulsions was also achieved. However, from extracts, a higher amount of genistin (NESNHE) and a lower amount of genistein (NESHE) were detected in the skin in comparison to pure isoflavones. Finally, the protection of porcine ear skin by formulations against UVA/UVB oxidative stress was evaluated. Extract-loaded nanoemulsions offered better skin protection than pure isoflavones. Skin lipids were similarly protected by NESHE and NESNHE, whereas skin proteins were more protected by NESNHE. Overall, nanoemulsions containing isoflavone-rich soybean extracts may be considered a better topical formulation aiming skin protection from UVA/UVB oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Inês Back
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Luisa Rodrigues Furtado
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Marina Cardoso Nemitz
- Curso de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Macaé, RJ, 27930-560, Brazil
| | - Lucélia Albarello Balestrin
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Roselena Silvestri Schuh
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - José Cláudio Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Gilsane Lino von Poser
- Departamento de Produção de Matéria-Prima, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Departamento de Produção e Controle de Medicamentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90610-000, Brazil.
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Gasparotto J, Ribeiro CT, Bortolin RC, Somensi N, Fernandes HS, Teixeira AA, Guasselli MOR, Agani CAJO, Souza NC, Grings M, Leipnitz G, Gomes HM, de Bittencourt Pasquali MA, Dunkley PR, Dickson PW, Moreira JCF, Gelain DP. Anti-RAGE antibody selectively blocks acute systemic inflammatory responses to LPS in serum, liver, CSF and striatum. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 62:124-136. [PMID: 28088642 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic inflammation induces transient or permanent dysfunction in the brain by exposing it to soluble inflammatory mediators. The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) binds to distinct ligands mediating and increasing inflammatory processes. In this study we used an LPS-induced systemic inflammation model in rats to investigate the effect of blocking RAGE in serum, liver, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain (striatum, prefrontal cortex, ventral tegmental area and substantia nigra). Intraperitoneal injection of RAGE antibody (50μg/kg) was followed after 1h by a single LPS (5mg/kg) intraperitoneal injection. Twenty-four hours later, tissues were isolated for analysis. RAGE antibody reduced LPS-induced inflammatory effects in both serum and liver; the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β) were decreased and the phosphorylation/activation of RAGE downstream targets (ERK1/2, IκB and p65) in liver were significantly attenuated. RAGE antibody prevented LPS-induced effects on TNF-α and IL-1β in CSF. In striatum, RAGE antibody inhibited increases in IL-1β, Iba-1, GFAP, phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-tau (ser202), as well as the decrease in synaptophysin levels. These effects were caused by systemic RAGE inhibition, as RAGE antibody did not cross the blood-brain barrier. RAGE antibody also prevented striatal lipoperoxidation and activation of mitochondrial complex II. In conclusion, blockade of RAGE is able to inhibit inflammatory responses induced by LPS in serum, liver, CSF and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juciano Gasparotto
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Camila Tiefensee Ribeiro
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Calixto Bortolin
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nauana Somensi
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Schaan Fernandes
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsander Alves Teixeira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Otavio Rodrigues Guasselli
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Crepin Aziz Jose O Agani
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Natália Cabral Souza
- Centro de Tecnologia e Recursos Naturais, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil
| | - Mateus Grings
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilhian Leipnitz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Henrique Mautone Gomes
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Peter R Dunkley
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Phillip W Dickson
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - José Claudio Fonseca Moreira
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Mingori MR, Heimfarth L, Ferreira CF, Gomes HM, Moresco KS, Delgado J, Roncato S, Zeidán-Chuliá F, Gelain DP, Moreira JCF. Effect of Paullinia cupana Mart. Commercial Extract During the Aging of Middle Age Wistar Rats: Differential Effects on the Hippocampus and Striatum. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2257-2273. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2238-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Barbosa CDB, Lazzarini LCO, Elias AR, Leung JAM, Ribeiro SB, da Silva MG, Duarte RS, Suffys P, Gomes HM, Kritski AL, Lapa E Silva JR, Ho JL, Boéchat N. Tuberculosis caused by RDRio Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not associated with differential clinical features. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:1377-82. [PMID: 22863208 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently described the Mycobacterium tuberculosis RD(Rio) genotype, a clonally derived sublineage within the Latin American-Mediterranean (LAM) family. Genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis likely affects the clinical aspects of tuberculosis (TB). Prospective studies that address this issue are scarce and remain controversial. OBJECTIVE To determine the association of differential clinical features of pulmonary TB with the RD(Rio) M. tuberculosis etiology. METHODS Culture-proven pulmonary TB patients (n = 272) were clinically evaluated, including history, physical examination, chest X-ray and anti-human immunodeficiency virus serology. Isolates were classified as RD(Rio) or non-RD(Rio) M. tuberculosis by multiplex polymerase chain reaction and further spoligotyped. Clinical and M. tuberculosis genotype data were analyzed. RESULTS RD(Rio) M. tuberculosis caused disease in 26.5% (72/270) of all TB cases. The LAM genotype, of which RD(Rio) strains are members, was responsible for 46.0% of the TB cases. Demographic data, major signs and symptoms, radiographic presentation, microbiological features and clinical outcomes were not significantly different among patients with TB caused by RD(Rio) and non-RD(Rio) strains. CONCLUSIONS Disease caused by M. tuberculosis RD(Rio) strains was not clinically distinctive or more severe than disease caused by non-RD(Rio) strains in this series of TB patients. Larger prospective studies specifically designed to disclose differential clinical characteristics of TB caused by specific M. tuberculosis lineages are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C de B Barbosa
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Institute of Thoracic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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11
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Lima MC, Pereira GM, Rumjanek FD, Gomes HM, Duppre N, Sampaio EP, Alvim IM, Nery JA, Sarno EN, Pessolani MC. Immunological cytokine correlates of protective immunity and pathogenesis in leprosy. Scand J Immunol 2000; 51:419-28. [PMID: 10736116 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-3083.2000.00703.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro production of interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-5, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and IL-10 by blood mononuclear cells in response to whole Mycobacterium leprae and polyclonal stimulii of 23 individuals, representing a variety of conditions in relation to exposure/susceptibility to M. leprae, was assayed. In most cases, healthy household contacts of newly diagnosed multibacillary leprosy patients, designated exposed household contacts (EC), showed low-to-undetectable in vitro IFN-gamma production in addition to substantial TNF-alpha production in response to M. leprae. In contrast, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from previously exposed contacts (R) regarded as resistant-to-leprosy released low-to-moderate levels of IFN-gamma together with a mixed cytokine profile resembling a T helper (Th)0-type response. TNF-alpha/IL-10 ratios in response to M. leprae and Concanavalin A were significantly higher in EC than in R contacts suggesting a role for the TNF-alpha/IL-10 ratio in restraining mycobacteria proliferation and spreading early in infection. The cytokine profiles of leprosy patients were taken as reference points. Post-treatment lepromatous leprosy patients secreted relatively high levels of IL-10 in response to M. leprae, whereas one self-cured tuberculoid leprosy patient produced simultaneously high levels of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. In addition, the quantitative changes in the cytokines released by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in EC contacts after Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination were investigated. Vaccination induced amplification of IFN-gamma production with a concomitant decrease in TNF-alpha/IL-10 ratios that resembled the cytokine pattern observed in R contacts. IFN-gamma production was observed in response to both a cross-reactive antigen (Ag 85) and a M. leprae-specific protein (MMP-I), which attests to a BCG nonspecific stimulation of the immune system, thereby casting these antigens as likely candidates for inclusion in a subunit vaccine against leprosy. Finally, a model for protective x pathologic response to mycobacteria is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Lima
- Leprosy Laboratory, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Bohrer D, Cicero Do Nascimento P, Gomes HM. Improvement in the determination of mancozeb residues by the carbon disulfide evolution method using flow injection analysis. J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:212-216. [PMID: 10563874 DOI: 10.1021/jf980622s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The sample decomposition of the carbon disulfide evolution method for the determination of dithiocarbamate residues was carried out in a closed vial in the presence of hexane. The evolved carbon disulfide was extracted by the organic solvent and injected in a flow system for its quantification as copper complex. The conditions for batch decomposition, flow injection determination, and association of both were investigated with sodium diethyldithiocarbamate as model substance. An one-channel flow system was employed where the carrier stream was the ethanolic ethylenediamine/copper solution. The determination range was of 0. 01-1.26 microg of CS(2), with a relative standard deviation of 0.06% (n = 10), with a sample throughput of 45 samples/h. The association of the batch decomposition with the flow system was carried out with the fungicide mancozeb and was applied to the analysis of its residue in potato, lettuce, cucumber, and green bean crops. The approach allowed the analysis of 11 samples in triplicate in 2 h, with recoveries between 85% and 92% and relative standard deviation about 2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bohrer
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97110-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
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Pessolani MC, Peralta JM, Rumjanek FD, Gomes HM, Marques MA, Almeida EC, Saad MH, Sarno EN. Serology and leprosy: immunoassays comparing immunoglobulin G antibody responses to 28- and 30-kilodalton proteins purified from Mycobacterium bovis BCG. J Clin Microbiol 1991; 29:2285-90. [PMID: 1939585 PMCID: PMC270314 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.29.10.2285-2290.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Two major proteins from Mycobacterium bovis BCG culture filtrates with molecular masses of 28 kDa (P28) and 30 kDa (P30), identified as components of the BCG 85 complex, were purified and used in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the determination of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels in patients with leprosy or tuberculosis or with exposure to these diseases. High reactivity to both antigens was observed with sera from lepromatous leprosy patients, whereas antibody levels in sera from paucibacillary leprosy patients were not significantly different from those in sera from healthy individuals from an area in which leprosy is endemic. High IgG responses were also found in some contacts of lepromatous leprosy patients. A comparison of the levels of anti-P28 and anti-P30 within the multibacillary leprosy patient group showed much higher IgG reactivity to P28 than to P30, suggesting that the antibody response of lepromatous patients is directed predominantly against the 28-kDa protein. A high degree of correlation in values of ELISAs based on P28 and on the phenolic glycolipid of Mycobacterium leprae was observed in all groups analyzed. The potential use of an assay based on the 28-kDa protein to selectively distinguish individuals destined to develop multibacillary leprosy is discussed, as also is the likelihood that the 28-kDa-30-kDa complex, part of the fibronectin-binding family, is an important component of M. leprae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Pessolani
- Setor de Hanseniase, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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