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Hoyle J, Lenzie A, Kenzik K, Ward K, Francisco L, Hageman L, Spencer S, Willey C, Bonner J, Dobelbower M, Snider J, Boggs H, Bhatia S, McDonald A. Patient Factors Associated With Loss to Radiation Oncology Specialty Follow-Up Among Head and Neck Cancer Survivors. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.07.650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ramos JT, Francisco L, Daoud Z. [Invasive fungal infections in children: similarities and differences with adults]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2016; 29 Suppl 1:59-65. [PMID: 27608317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised adults and children. The purpose of this review was to update the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic options in children, and to compare them with the adult population. Although there are important differences, the epidemiology, clinical features and risk factors for IFI have many similarities. Patient at risk include neutropenic hematology children, in whom Candida spp. y Aspergillus spp. predominate; primary immunodeficiencies, particularly chronic granulomatous disease with high susceptibility for Aspergillus spp.; and extremely premature infants, in whom C. albicans y C. parapsilosis are more prevalent. Premature babies are prone to dissemination, including the central nervous system. There are peculiarities in radiology and diagnostic biomarkers in children. In pulmonary aspergillosis, clasical signs in CT are usually absent. There is scant information on PCR and beta-D-glucan in children, and more limited on the performance of galactomannan enzyme immunoassay, that does not appear to be much different in neutropenic patients. There is a delay in the development of antifungals, limiting their use in children. Most azoles require therapeutic drug monitoring in children to optimize its safety and effectiveness. Pediatric treatment recommendations are mainly extrapolated from results of clinical trials performed in adults. There is no evidence for the benefit of preemptive therapy in children. It is necessary to foster specific pediatric studies with current and new antifungals to evaluate their pharmacokinetics, safety, and effectiveness at different ages in the pediatric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Ramos
- José T. Ramos Amador, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínico San Carlos. Calle Profesor Martín Lagos s/n. Madrid 28040, Spain.
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Ding Y, Sun CL, Li L, Li M, Francisco L, Sabado M, Hahn B, Gyorffy J, Noe J, Larson GP, Forman SJ, Bhatia R, Bhatia S. Genetic susceptibility to therapy-related leukemia after Hodgkin lymphoma or non-Hodgkin lymphoma: role of drug metabolism, apoptosis and DNA repair. Blood Cancer J 2012; 2:e58. [PMID: 22829253 PMCID: PMC3317523 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2012.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Maldonado R, Perdomo L, Vascotto F, Francisco L, Bauquet A, Kuchroo V, Sharpe A, von Andrian U. Induced-Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells That Promote Tolerance And De Novo Differentiation Of Regulatory T Cells. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.12.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Armenian S, Sun C, Shannon T, Shangguan M, MIlls G, Francisco L, Wong FL, Forman SJ, Bhatia S. Incidence and predictors of delayed congestive heart failure (CHF) after hematologic malignancies treated with autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (aHCT). J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.9042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Armenian SH, Sun CL, Francisco L, Baker KS, Weisdorf DJ, Forman SJ, Bhatia S. Health behaviors and cancer screening practices in long-term survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT): a report from the BMT Survivor Study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2011; 47:283-90. [PMID: 21423125 PMCID: PMC3134636 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2011.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Patients undergoing HCT are at increased risk of chronic health conditions, including second malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular disease. Little is known about health behaviors and cancer screening practices among HCT survivors that could moderate the risk of these conditions. The BMTSS examined health behaviors and cancer screening practices in individuals who underwent HCT between 1976 and 1998, and survived 2+ years. Health behavior was deemed high-risk if an individual was a current smoker and if they reported risky alcohol intake (≥4 drinks/day [males], ≥ 3 drinks/day [females]) on days of alcohol consumption. Cancer screening assessment was per American Cancer Society recommendations. There were 1040 survivors: 42.7% underwent allogeneic HCT; 43.8% were female; median time from HCT: 7.4 years (range 2.0–27.7 years). Median age at study participation: 43.8 years (range 18.3–73.0 years). Multivariate regression analysis revealed younger age (<35 years) at study participation (Odds Ratio [OR]=4.7; p<0.01) and lower education (<college: OR=2.1; p<0.01) to be significantly associated with high-risk behavior. Survivors were significantly less likely to report high-risk behavior (OR=0.5; p<0.01), and more likely to have had a screening mammogram (OR=2.8; p=0.05) when compared to gender-matched sibling controls (N=309).
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Armenian
- Department of Population Sciences, City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010-3000, USA
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Armenian S, Landier W, Sun C, Lee J, Zomorodi M, Francisco L, Wilson K, Bhatia S. Screening for cardiac dysfunction and cardiovascular risk factors in childhood cancer survivors using the Children's Oncology Group (COG) Long-term Follow-up (LTFU) Guidelines. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.9034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Armenian S, Sun C, Francisco L, Arora M, Baker K, Forman S, Bhatia S. Health Behaviors And Cancer Screening Practices In Long-Term Survivors Of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT): A Report From The Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor Study (BMTSS). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2009.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Patel R, Kurian S, Sun C, Francisco L, Wong L, Sharp J, Armenian S, Forman S, Bhatia S. Challenges for retrospective cohort studies: A profile of patients who refuse participation or are lost to follow-up. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
6615 Background: As hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has increasingly become a curative option for many diseases, studying long-term complications has assumed critical importance. A major issue in conducting scientifically rigorous long-term follow up studies with large cohorts is the ability to track patients, and obtain informed consents. High participation rates are critical to avoid selection bias and ensure generalizability. Methods: A mass consenting process was implemented to obtain informed consents from 1056 City of Hope HCT patients transplanted during 1976–2006 who were one+ year survivors and alive in June 2007. This process involved mailing consent forms followed by phone calls. Patients were classified as consented, refused, or lost-to-follow-up (LTFU). Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics indicative of higher risks for refusal or LTFU were identified. Results: Study patients comprised 58% males, and 53% Caucasians. Median age at HCT was 34 years (0.6–73); median age at study initiation was 47 years (6–81); and median time from HCT to study initiation was 10 years (1–30). Primary diagnoses included acute/chronic leukemia (43%), Hodgkin/non-Hodgkin lymphoma (36%), multiple myeloma (9%), and other miscellaneous diagnoses (12%). Fifty percent received allogeneic HCT. At the end of the process, 46% consented, 17% refused, and 37% were LTFU. Compared to consented patients, males, Asians, and younger patients were more likely to refuse consent. Patients LTFU were more likely to have lower SES, a longer time since HCT, in addition to being males, Asians and younger at HCT (Table). Conclusions: This study demonstrates the critical need for maintaining up-to-date contact information on patients after HCT in order to obtain valid long-term follow-up data. It also describes the characteristics of the sub-population that are more likely to refuse or be LTFU, information necessary for planning targeted interventions in long-term follow-up initiatives. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Patel
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - S. Kurian
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - C. Sun
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - L. Francisco
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - L. Wong
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - J. Sharp
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - S. Armenian
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - S. Forman
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
| | - S. Bhatia
- City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Los Angeles Department of Public Health, Pacoima, CA
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Campbell JC, Baty ML, Ghandour RM, Stockman JK, Francisco L, Wagman J. The intersection of intimate partner violence against women and HIV/AIDS: a review. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2009; 15:221-31. [PMID: 19051085 DOI: 10.1080/17457300802423224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 273] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to review original research on the intersection of violence against women by intimate partners and risk for HIV infection and highlight opportunities for new research and programme development. Seventy-one articles presenting original, peer-reviewed research conducted with females aged 12 years and older in heterosexual relationships during the past decade (1998-2007) were reviewed. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they addressed intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and HIV/AIDS as mutual risk factors. The prevalence of IPV and HIV infection among women varies globally, but females remain at elevated risk for both IPV and sexually transmitted/HIV infection, independently and concurrently. Comparisons between sero-negative and -positive women varied by geographic region; African HIV-positive women reported higher rates of victimisation while findings were inconsistent for HIV-positive women in the USA. Studies among various populations support the existence of a temporally and biologically complex relationship between HIV risk, lifetime exposure to violence and substance use, which are further complicated by gender and sexual decision-making norms. A possible link between violence-related post traumatic stress disorder and comorbid depression on immunity to HIV acquisition and HIV disease progression warrants further investigation. Sexual risk related to IPV works through both male and female behaviour, physiological consequences of violence and affects women across the lifespan. Further physiological and qualitative research is needed on the mechanisms of enhanced transmission; prospective studies are critical to address issues of causality and temporality. Prevention efforts should focus on the reduction of male-perpetrated IPV and male HIV risk behaviours in intimate partnerships.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Campbell
- Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Prasad PK, Sun C, Baker KS, Francisco L, Forman S, Bhatia S, Shankar SM. Health care utilization by adult Hispanic long term survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT): report from the bone marrow transplant survivor study. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.6608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Armenian S, Sun C, Francisco L, Steinberger J, Kurian S, Wong L, Sharp J, Sposto R, Forman S, Bhatia S. Late clinical heart failure (CHF) following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.9510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Baker K, Ness K, Weisdorf D, Francisco L, Carter A, Sun CL, Forman S, Bhatia S. 52: Late effects in survivors of acute leukemia treated with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2006.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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McEarchern JA, Oflazoglu E, Francisco L, McDonagh CF, Gordon KA, Stone I, Klussman K, Turcott E, van Rooijen N, Carter P, Grewal IS, Wahl AF, Law CL. Engineered anti-CD70 antibody with multiple effector functions exhibits in vitro and in vivo antitumor activities. Blood 2006; 109:1185-92. [PMID: 17038522 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2006-07-034017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAntigens expressed on malignant cells in the absence of significant expression on normal tissues are highly desirable targets for therapeutic antibodies. CD70 is a TNF superfamily member whose normal expression is highly restricted but is aberrantly expressed in hematologic malignancies including non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin disease, and multiple myeloma. In addition, solid tumors such as renal cell carcinoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, thymic carcinoma, meduloblastoma, and glioblastoma express high levels of this antigen. To functionally target CD70-expressing cancers, a murine anti-CD70 monoclonal antibody was engineered to contain human IgG1 constant domains. The engineered antibody retained the binding specificity of the murine parent monoclonal antibody and was shown to induce Fc-mediated effector functions including antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis in vitro. Further, administration of this antibody significantly prolonged survival of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice bearing CD70+ disseminated human NHL xenografts. Survival of these mice was dependent upon the activity of resident effector cells including neutrophils, macrophages, and natural killer (NK) cells. These data suggest that an anti-CD70 antibody, when engineered to contain human IgG1 constant domains, possesses effector cell–mediated antitumor activity and has potential utility for anticancer therapy.
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Carter A, Robison LL, Francisco L, Smith D, Grant M, Baker KS, Gurney JG, McGlave PB, Weisdorf DJ, Forman SJ, Bhatia S. Prevalence of conception and pregnancy outcomes after hematopoietic cell transplantation: report from the Bone Marrow Transplant Survivor Study. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 37:1023-9. [PMID: 16604098 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a retrospective study to describe the magnitude of compromise in reproductive function and investigate pregnancy outcomes in 619 women and partners of men treated with autologous (n=241) or allogeneic (n=378) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) between 21 and 45 years of age, and surviving 2 or more years. Median age at HCT was 33.3 years and median time since HCT 7.7 years. Mailed questionnaires captured pregnancies and their outcomes (live birth, stillbirth, miscarriage). Thirty-four patients reported 54 pregnancies after HCT (26 males, 40 pregnancies; eight females, 14 pregnancies), of which 46 resulted in live births. Factors associated with reporting no conception included older age at HCT (> or =30 years: odds ratio (OR)=4.8), female sex (OR=3.0), and total body irradiation (OR=3.3). Prevalence of conception and pregnancy outcomes in HCT survivors were compared to those of 301 nearest-age siblings. Although the risk for not reporting a conception was significantly increased among HCT survivors (OR=36), survivors were not significantly more likely than siblings to report miscarriage or stillbirth (OR=0.7). Although prevalence of conception is diminished after HCT, if pregnancy does occur, outcome is likely to be favorable. Patients should be counseled prior to transplant regarding strategies to preserve fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carter
- Population Sciences, City of Hope Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
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Robison LL, Francisco L, Gaynon P, Sather H, Trigg M, Reaman G, Bleyer WA, Carroll W, Bhatia S. Late mortality after childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L. L. Robison
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - L. Francisco
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - P. Gaynon
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - H. Sather
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - M. Trigg
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - G. Reaman
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - W. A. Bleyer
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - W. Carroll
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - S. Bhatia
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN; City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; Childrens Oncology Group, Arcadia, CA; AI duPont Inst, Wilmington, DE; Childrens Oncology Group, Bethesda, MD; M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY
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Bhatia S, Francisco L, Baker KS, Ramsay NKC, Robison LL, Forman SJ, Gurney JG. Late mortality in two-year survivors of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) performed in children and adolescents: Report from the BMT-Survivor Study. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Bhatia
- City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - L. Francisco
- City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - K. S. Baker
- City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - N. K. C. Ramsay
- City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - L. L. Robison
- City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - S. J. Forman
- City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | - J. G. Gurney
- City of Hope Cancer Center, Duarte, CA; University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
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Abstract
Pain is an important issue in quality of care and is increasingly cited as an outcome used to evaluate effectiveness of nursing care. Research indicates that nurses are not well prepared to care for patients with pain. Thus many patients are inadequately assessed and treated and consequently receive less than optimal pain management. The article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a pain education program designed to provide clinical nurses with the knowledge necessary to use appropriate pain management techniques. Program content stresses the use of a performance improvement framework for changing clinical practice in individual clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Grant
- Department of Nursing Research and Education, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA, USA
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Kim YJ, Francisco L, Chen GC, Marcotte E, Chan CS. Control of cellular morphogenesis by the Ip12/Bem2 GTPase-activating protein: possible role of protein phosphorylation. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 1994; 127:1381-94. [PMID: 7962097 PMCID: PMC2120258 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.127.5.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The IPL2 gene is known to be required for normal polarized cell growth in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We now show that IPL2 is identical to the previously identified BEM2 gene. bem2 mutants are defective in bud site selection at 26 degrees C and localized cell surface growth and organization of the actin cytoskeleton at 37 degrees C. BEM2 encodes a protein with a COOH-terminal domain homologous to sequences found in several GTPase-activating proteins, including human Bcr. The GTPase-activating protein-domain from the Bem2 protein (Bem2p) or human Bcr can functionally substitute for Bem2p. The Rho1 and Rho2 GTPases are the likely in vivo targets of Bem2p because bem2 mutant phenotypes can be partially suppressed by increasing the gene dosage of RHO1 or RHO2. CDC55 encodes the putative regulatory B subunit of protein phosphatase 2A, and mutations in BEM2 have previously been identified as suppressors of the cdc55-1 mutation. We show here that mutations in the previously identified GRR1 gene can suppress bem2 mutations. grr1 and cdc55 mutants are both elongated in shape and cold-sensitive for growth, and cells lacking both GRR1 and CDC55 exhibit a synthetic lethal phenotype. bem2 mutant phenotypes also can be suppressed by the SSD1-vl (also known as SRK1) mutation, which was shown previously to suppress mutations in the protein phosphatase-encoding SIT4 gene. Cells lacking both BEM2 and SIT4 exhibit a synthetic lethal phenotype even in the presence of the SSD1-v1 suppressor. These genetic interactions together suggest that protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation play an important role in the BEM2-mediated process of polarized cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Kim
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas, Austin 78712
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Abstract
The IPL1 gene is required for high-fidelity chromosome segregation in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Conditional ipl1ts mutants missegregate chromosomes severely at 37 degrees C. Here, we report that IPL1 encodes an essential putative protein kinase whose function is required during the later part of each cell cycle. At 26 degrees C, the permissive growth temperature, ipl1 mutant cells are defective in the recovery from a transient G2/M-phase arrest caused by the antimicrotubule drug nocodazole. In an effort to identify additional gene products that participate with the Ipl1 protein kinase in regulating chromosome segregation in yeast, a truncated version of the previously identified DIS2S1/GLC7 gene was isolated as a dosage-dependent suppressor of ipl1ts mutations. DIS2S1/GLC7 is predicted to encode a catalytic subunit (PP1C) of type 1 protein phosphatase. Overexpression of the full-length DIS2S1/GLC7 gene results in chromosome missegregation in wild-type cells and exacerbates the mutant phenotype in ipl1 cells. In addition, the glc7-1 mutation can partially suppress the ipl1-1 mutation. These results suggest that type 1 protein phosphatase acts in opposition to the Ipl1 protein kinase in vivo to ensure the high fidelity of chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Francisco
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas, Austin 78712
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Francisco L, Chan CS. Regulation of yeast chromosome segregation by Ipl1 protein kinase and type 1 protein phosphatase. Cell Mol Biol Res 1994; 40:207-213. [PMID: 7874197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome segregation is a complicated process that involves the coordinated functioning of a large number of cellular components. In this process, many proteins are activated and inactivated in a strict temporal order. While much progress has been made recently in the identification of structural components that are involved in chromosome segregation, relatively little is known about their regulation. We have investigated the chromosome segregation process in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Our results indicate that this process absolutely requires a functional Ipl1 protein kinase. Upon inactivation of this protein kinase, yeast cells missegregate chromosomes severely and die within a single cell cycle. Furthermore, the inviability caused by a partial reduction in Ipl1 function can be rescued by perturbations that reduce type 1 protein phosphatase activity, thus suggesting that type 1 protein phosphatase acts in opposition to the Ipl1 protein kinase to insure the high fidelity of chromosome segregation in yeast cells. The purpose of this article is to describe some of our ongoing efforts to characterize Ipl1 and PP1 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Francisco
- Department of Microbiology, University of Texas at Austin 78712
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