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Šulc L, Figueiredo D, Huss A, Kalina J, Gregor P, Janoš T, Šenk P, Dalecká A, Andrýsková L, Kodeš V, Čupr P. Current-use pesticide exposure pathways in Czech adults and children from the CELSPAC-SPECIMEn cohort. Environ Int 2023; 181:108297. [PMID: 37939438 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In this study, we aimed to characterise exposure to pyrethroids, organophosphates, and tebuconazole through multiple pathways in 110 parent-child pairs participating in the CELSPAC-SPECIMEn study. METHODS First, we estimated the daily intake (EDI) of pesticides based on measured urinary metabolites. Second, we compared EDI with estimated pesticide intake from food. We used multiple linear regression to identify the main predictors of urinary pesticide concentrations. We also assessed the relationship between urinary pesticide concentrations and organic and non-organic food consumption while controlling for a range of factors. Finally, we employed a model to estimate inhalation and dermal exposure due to spray drift and volatilization after assuming pesticide application in crop fields. RESULTS EDI was often higher in children in comparison to adults, especially in the winter season. A comparison of food intake estimates and EDI suggested diet as a critical pathway of tebuconazole exposure, less so in the case of organophosphates. Regression models showed that consumption per g of peaches/apricots was associated with an increase of 0.37% CI [0.23% to 0.51%] in urinary tebuconazole metabolite concentrations. Consumption of white bread was associated with an increase of 0.21% CI [0.08% to 0.35%], and consumption of organic strawberries was inversely associated (-61.52% CI [-79.34% to -28.32%]), with urinary pyrethroid metabolite concentrations. Inhalation and dermal exposure seemed to represent a relatively small contribution to pesticide exposure as compared to dietary intake. CONCLUSION In our study population, findings indicate diet plays a significant role in exposure to the analysed pesticides. We found an influence of potential exposure due to spray drift and volatilization among the subpopulation residing near presumably sprayed crop fields to be minimal in comparison. However, the lack of data indicating actual spraying occurred during the critical 24-hour period prior to urine sample collection could be a significant contributing factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Šulc
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Figueiredo
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jiří Kalina
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Gregor
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Janoš
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šenk
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Dalecká
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Kodeš
- Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Řiháčková K, Pindur A, Komprdová K, Pálešová N, Kohoutek J, Šenk P, Navrátilová J, Andrýsková L, Šebejová L, Hůlek R, Ismael M, Čupr P. The exposure of Czech firefighters to perfluoroalkyl substances and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: CELSPAC - FIREexpo case-control human biomonitoring study. Sci Total Environ 2023; 881:163298. [PMID: 37054786 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The CELSPAC - FIREexpo biomonitoring study investigates the long-term effects of chemical exposure on firefighters' wellness and fitness. It aims to provide science-based measures to minimize the health risks of the firefighting occupation. Here, we present the study design, cohort profile, and first results with respect to internal per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) levels in study participants. Participants (n = 166) were divided into three subcohorts: i) newly recruited firefighters, ii) professional firefighters with several years' experience, and iii) the control group. Participants underwent physical performance tests, provided information on their lifestyle and diet, and urine and blood samples 1-4 times within an 11-week period. 12 serum PFAS and 10 urinary hydroxylated PAH (OH-PAH) levels were determined using HPLC-MS/MS and compared between subcohorts and samplings. The association of internal exposure with reported lifestyles and occupational factors was investigated using Spearman's correlation, principal component analysis, and multivariate regression analysis. ΣPFAS levels in firefighters were significantly higher than in the control group and were mostly associated with the length of firefighting career, age, blood donation, and population size. 10.9 % and 7.6 % of measurements exceeded the HBM-I or HBM-II value for PFOS and PFOA, respectively. Urinary ΣPAH levels increased significantly after training with burning wooden pallets, but none of them exceeded the no observed genotoxic effect level. Firefighters' occupational exposure, its sources, and pathways, need to be systematically monitored and investigated on a long-term and individual basis. The CELSPAC - FIREexpo study helps to clarify the degree of occupational exposure to the given compounds and the subsequent risks to firefighters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Řiháčková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleš Pindur
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Sports Studies, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Training Center of Fire Rescue Service, General Directorate of Fire Rescue Service of the Czech Republic, Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic, Trnkova 85, 628 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Klára Komprdová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Nina Pálešová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiří Kohoutek
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Šenk
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Jana Navrátilová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Ludmila Šebejová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Richard Hůlek
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Mazen Ismael
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Pavel Čupr
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Thon V, Piler P, Pavlík T, Andrýsková L, Doležel K, Kostka D, Pikhart H, Bobák M, Klánová J. Investigation of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in relation to natural infection and vaccination between October 2020 and September 2021 in the Czech Republic: a prospective national cohort study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e068258. [PMID: 36898746 PMCID: PMC10008433 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine changes in SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity before and during the national vaccination campaign in the Czech Republic. DESIGN Prospective national population-based cohort study. SETTING Masaryk University, RECETOX, Brno. PARTICIPANTS 22 130 persons provided blood samples at two time points approximately 5-7 months apart, between October 2020 and March 2021 (phase I, before vaccination), and between April and September 2021 (during vaccination campaign). OUTCOME MEASURES Antigen-specific humoral immune response was analysed by detection of IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein by commercial chemiluminescent immunoassays. Participants completed a questionnaire that included personal information, anthropometric data, self-reported results of previous RT-PCR tests (if performed), history of symptoms compatible with COVID-19 and records of COVID-19 vaccination. Seroprevalence was compared between calendar periods, previous RT-PCR results, vaccination and other individual characteristics. RESULTS Before vaccination (phase I), seroprevalence increased from 15% in October 2020 to 56% in March 2021. By the end of phase II, in September 2021, prevalence increased to 91%; the highest seroprevalence was seen among vaccinated persons with and without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection (99.7% and 97.2%, respectively), while the lowest seroprevalence was found among unvaccinated persons with no signs of disease (26%). Vaccination rates were lower in persons who were seropositive in phase I but increased with age and body mass index. Only 9% of unvaccinated subjects who were seropositive in phase I became seronegative by phase II. CONCLUSIONS The rapid increase in seropositivity during the second wave of the COVID-19 epidemic (covered by phase I of this study) was followed by a similarly steep rise in seroprevalence during the national vaccination campaign, reaching seropositivity rates of over 97% among vaccinated persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vojtěch Thon
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pavlík
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - David Kostka
- Health Insurance Company of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Martin Bobák
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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Guma E, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Chakravarty MM, Marečková K. Perinatal maternal mental health and amygdala morphology in young adulthood. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 122:110676. [PMID: 36372293 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The pre- and perinatal environment is thought to play a critical role in shaping brain development. Specifically, maternal mental health and maternal care have been shown to influence offspring brain development in regions implicated in emotional regulation such as the amygdala. In this study, we used data from a neuroimaging follow-up of a prenatal birth-cohort, the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood, to investigate the impact of early postnatal maternal anxiety/co-dependence, and prenatal and early-postnatal depression and dysregulated mood on amygdala volume and morphology in young adulthood (n = 103). We observed that in typically developing young adults, greater maternal anxiety/co-dependence after birth was significantly associated with lower volume (right: t = -2.913, p = 0.0045, β = -0.523; left: t = -1.471, p = 0.144, β = -0.248) and non-significantly associated with surface area (right: t = -3.502, q = 0.069, <10%FDR, β = -0.090, left: t = -3.137, q = 0.117, <10%FDR, = -0.088) of the amygdala in young adulthood. Conversely, prenatal maternal depression and mood dysregulation in the early postnatal period was not associated with any volumetric or morphological changes in the amygdala in young adulthood. Our findings provide evidence for subtle but long-lasting alterations to amygdala morphology associated with differences in maternal anxiety/co-dependence in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Guma
- Computational Brain Anatomy Laboratory, Cerebral Imaging Center, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - M Mallar Chakravarty
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Biological and Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Klára Marečková
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Cermakova P, Chlapečka A, Csajbók Z, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Marečková K. Parental education, cognition and functional connectivity of the salience network. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2761. [PMID: 36797291 PMCID: PMC9935859 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29508-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim was to investigate the association of parental education at birth with cognitive ability in childhood and young adulthood and determine, whether functional connectivity of the salience network underlies this association. We studied participants of the Czech arm of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood who underwent assessment of their cognitive ability at age 8 (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children) and 28/29 years (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale) and measurement with resting state functional MRI at age 23/24. We estimated the associations of parental education with cognitive ability and functional connectivity between the seeds in the salience network and other voxels in the brain. We found that lower education of both mothers and fathers was associated with lower verbal IQ, performance IQ and full-scale IQ of the offspring at age 8. Only mother´s education was associated with performance IQ at age 28/29. Lower mother´s education correlated with greater functional connectivity between the right rostral prefrontal cortex and a cluster of voxels in the occipital cortex, which, in turn, was associated with lower performance IQ at age 28/29. We conclude that the impact of parental education, particularly father´s, on offspring´s cognitive ability weakens during the lifecourse. Functional connectivity between the right rostral prefrontal cortex and occipital cortex may be a biomarker underlying the transmission of mother´s education on performance IQ of their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Cermakova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, 150 06, Prague 5, Czech Republic. .,National Institute of Mental Health, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic.
| | - Adam Chlapečka
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XThird Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, 100 00 Prague 10, Czech Republic ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XCentre of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, 128 21 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Zsófia Csajbók
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XFaculty of Humanities, Charles University Prague, 182 00 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Marečková
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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6
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Jáni M, Zacková L, Piler P, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Marečková K. Birth outcomes, puberty onset, and obesity as long-term predictors of biological aging in young adulthood. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1100237. [PMID: 36704790 PMCID: PMC9873383 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biological aging and particularly the deviations between biological and chronological age are better predictors of health than chronological age alone. However, the predictors of accelerated biological aging are not very well understood. The aim was to determine the role of birth outcomes, time of puberty onset, body mass index (BMI), and body fat in accelerated biological aging in the third decade of life. Methods We have conducted a second follow-up of the Czech part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC-CZ) prenatal birth cohort in young adulthood (52% male; age 28-30; n = 262) to determine the role of birth outcomes, pubertal timing, BMI, and body fat on biological aging. Birth outcomes included birth weight, length, and gestational age at birth. Pubertal timing was determined by the presence of secondary sexual characteristics at the age of 11 and the age of first menarche in women. Biological age was estimated using the Klemera-Doubal Method (KDM), which applies 9-biomarker algorithm including forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), systolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein, creatinine, urea nitrogen, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase. Accelerated/decelerated aging was determined as the difference between biological and chronological age (BioAGE). Results The deviations between biological and chronological age in young adulthood ranged from -2.84 to 4.39 years. Accelerated biological aging was predicted by higher BMI [in both early (R2 adj = 0.05) and late 20s (R2 adj = 0.22)], subcutaneous (R2 adj = 0.21) and visceral fat (R2 adj = 0.25), puberty onset (η p 2 = 0.07), birth length (R2 adj = 0.03), and the increase of BMI over the 5-year period between the two follow-ups in young adulthood (R2 adj = 0.09). Single hierarchical model revealed that shorter birth length, early puberty onset, and greater levels of visceral fat were the main predictors, together explaining 21% of variance in accelerated biological aging. Conclusion Our findings provide comprehensive support of the Life History Theory, suggesting that early life adversity might trigger accelerated aging, which leads to earlier onset of puberty but decreasing fitness in adulthood, reflected by more visceral fat and higher BMI. Our findings also suggest that reduction of BMI in young adulthood slows down biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jáni
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Lenka Zacková
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia,Department of Neurology, St. Anne’s University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | | | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia,Department of Neurology, St. Anne’s University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Klára Marečková
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia,*Correspondence: Klára Mare čková,
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7
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Ksinan AJ, Ksinan Jiskrova G, Hrežová E, Andrýsková L, Pikhart H, Bobák M. Association Between Parental Supply of Alcohol and Later Adolescent Alcohol Use in a Highly Permissive Context. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2023; 84:27-36. [PMID: 36799671 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.21-00437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many children and adolescents get their first experience with alcohol in a family setting. Evidence suggests that parental supply of alcohol is a risk factor for drinking later in life. However, most of the previous studies have been conducted in Western countries. The Czech Republic has among the highest alcohol consumption per capita, including among adolescents, and providing their own children with sips of alcohol is widely considered by parents to be a good way to introduce children to safe drinking. This study examined whether the parental supply of alcohol is associated with later use among adolescents in an Eastern European alcohol-permissive context. METHOD The sample included children (49% female) assessed at age 11 (n = 2,202) and age 15 (n = 1,279) from the European Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ELSPAC). The outcome was adolescent alcohol use at age 15, reported by adolescents and pediatricians. Predictors included different sources of alcohol (parents, family member, friend, own supply, or other sources) reported by adolescent at age 11. RESULTS Parental supply of alcohol consistently emerged as a robust longitudinal predictor of adolescent alcohol use, with adjusted odds ratios of self-reported and pediatrician-reported frequent drinking at age 15 of 2.34 [1.19, 4.44] and 2.37 [1.02, 5.47], respectively. It also mediated the association between parental drinking and adolescent alcohol use. CONCLUSIONS Parental supply of alcohol is an important risk factor for later adolescent alcohol use in the high alcohol-permissive population of the Czech Republic, suggesting that the association might not be context dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert J Ksinan
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Eliška Hrežová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, England
| | - Martin Bobák
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, London, England
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van der Schyff V, Kalina J, Govarts E, Gilles L, Schoeters G, Castaño A, Esteban-López M, Kohoutek J, Kukučka P, Covaci A, Koppen G, Andrýsková L, Piler P, Klánová J, Jensen TK, Rambaud L, Riou M, Lamoree M, Kolossa-Gehring M, Vogel N, Weber T, Göen T, Gabriel C, Sarigiannis DA, Sakhi AK, Haug LS, Murinova LP, Fabelova L, Tratnik JS, Mazej D, Melymuk L. Exposure to flame retardants in European children - Results from the HBM4EU aligned studies. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 247:114070. [PMID: 36442457 PMCID: PMC9758617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2022.114070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Many legacy and emerging flame retardants (FRs) have adverse human and environmental health effects. This study reports legacy and emerging FRs in children from nine European countries from the HBM4EU aligned studies. Studies from Belgium, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, France, Greece, Slovenia, Slovakia, and Norway conducted between 2014 and 2021 provided data on FRs in blood and urine from 2136 children. All samples were collected and analyzed in alignment with the HBM4EU protocols. Ten halogenated FRs were quantified in blood, and four organophosphate flame retardants (OPFR) metabolites quantified in urine. Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) were infrequently detected (<16% of samples). BDE-47 was quantified in blood from Greece, France, and Norway, with France (0.36 ng/g lipid) having the highest concentrations. BDE-153 and -209 were detected in <40% of samples. Dechlorane Plus (DP) was quantified in blood from four countries, with notably high median concentrations of 16 ng/g lipid in Slovenian children. OPFR metabolites had a higher detection frequency than other halogenated FRs. Diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) was quantified in 99% of samples across 8 countries at levels ∼5 times higher than other OPFR metabolites (highest median in Slovenia of 2.43 ng/g lipid). FR concentrations were associated with lifestyle factors such as cleaning frequency, employment status of the father of the household, and renovation status of the house, among others. The concentrations of BDE-47 in children from this study were similar to or lower than FRs found in adult matrices in previous studies, suggesting lower recent exposure and effectiveness of PBDE restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiři Kalina
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Govarts
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, 2400, Belgium
| | - Liese Gilles
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, 2400, Belgium
| | - Greet Schoeters
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, 2400, Belgium,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Esteban-López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jiři Kohoutek
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kukučka
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Gudrun Koppen
- VITO Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, 2400, Belgium
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, 5000, Denmark
| | - Loic Rambaud
- Santé Publique France, French Public Health Agency (ANSP), Saint-Maurice, 94415, France
| | - Margaux Riou
- Santé Publique France, French Public Health Agency (ANSP), Saint-Maurice, 94415, France
| | - Marja Lamoree
- Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Institute for Life and Environment, Section Chemistry for Environment & Health, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Nina Vogel
- German Environment Agency (UBA), 06844 Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Till Weber
- German Environment Agency (UBA), 06844 Dessau-Roßlau, Germany
| | - Thomas Göen
- IPASUM - Institute and Outpatient Clinic of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Henkestrasse 9-11, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Catherine Gabriel
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece
| | - Dimosthenis A. Sarigiannis
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Thessaloniki, Greece,HERACLES Research Center on the Exposome and Health, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation, Balkan Center, Bldg. B, 10th km Thessaloniki-Thermi Road, 57001, Greece,Environmental Health Engineering, Institute of Advanced Study, Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza Della Vittoria 15, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Amrit Kaur Sakhi
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Line Småstuen Haug
- Department of Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Lucia Fabelova
- Faculty of Public Health, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, 833 03, Slovakia
| | - Janja Snoj Tratnik
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Darja Mazej
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, 1000, Slovenia
| | - Lisa Melymuk
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic,Corresponding author.
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9
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Čermaková P, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Marečková K. Socioeconomic deprivation in early life and symptoms of depression and anxiety in young adulthood: mediating role of hippocampal connectivity. Psychol Med 2022; 52:2671-2680. [PMID: 33327969 PMCID: PMC9647532 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720004754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experience of early-life socioeconomic deprivation (ELSD) may increase the risk of mental disorders in young adulthood. This association may be mediated by structural and functional alterations of the hippocampus. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study on 122 participants of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood. Information about ELSD was collected via questionnaire from mothers during the first 18 months of participants' lives. At age 23-24, participants underwent examination by structural magnetic resonance imaging, resting-state functional connectivity and assessment of depressive symptoms (Mood and Feelings Questionnaire) and anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). The association of ELSD with brain outcomes in young adulthood was assessed with correlations, linear regression (adjusting for sex, socioeconomic position and mother's mental health) and moderated mediation analysis. RESULTS Higher ELSD was associated with greater depressive symptoms (B = 0.22; p = 0.001), trait anxiety (B = 0.07; p = 0.02) and lower global connectivity of the right hippocampus (B = -0.01; p = 0.02). These associations persisted when adjusted for covariates. In women, lower global connectivity of the right hippocampus was associated with stronger trait anxiety (B = -4.14; p = 0.01). Global connectivity of the right hippocampus as well as connectivity between the right hippocampus and the left middle temporal gyrus mediated the association between ELSD and trait anxiety in women. Higher ELSD correlated with a lower volume of the right hippocampus in men, but the volume of the right hippocampus was not related to mental health. CONCLUSIONS Early preventive strategies targeted at children from socioeconomically deprived families may yield long-lasting benefits for the mental health of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Čermaková
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Marečková
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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Stuchlík Fišerová P, Melymuk L, Komprdová K, Domínguez-Romero E, Scheringer M, Kohoutek J, Přibylová P, Andrýsková L, Piler P, Koch HM, Zvonař M, Esteban-López M, Castaño A, Klánová J. Personal care product use and lifestyle affect phthalate and DINCH metabolite levels in teenagers and young adults. Environ Res 2022; 213:113675. [PMID: 35700762 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Humans are widely exposed to phthalates and their novel substitutes, and considering the negative health effects associated with some phthalates, it is crucial to understand population levels and exposure determinants. This study is focused on 300 urine samples from teenagers (aged 12-17) and 300 from young adults (aged 18-37) living in Czechia collected in 2019 and 2020 to assess 17 plasticizer metabolites as biomarkers of exposure. We identified widespread phthalate exposure in the study population. The diethyl phthalate metabolite monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and three di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites were detected in the urine of >99% of study participants. The highest median concentrations were found for metabolites of low-molecular-weight (LMW) phthalates: mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), monoisobutyl phthalate (MiBP) and MEP (60.7; 52.6 and 17.6 μg/L in young adults). 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH) metabolites were present in 68.2% of the samples with a median of 1.24 μg/L for both cohorts. Concentrations of MnBP and MiBP were similar to other European populations, but 5-6 times higher than in populations in North America. We also observed large variability in phthalate exposures within the study population, with 2-3 orders of magnitude differences in urinary metabolites between high and low exposed individuals. The concentrations varied with season, gender, age, and lifestyle factors. A relationship was found between high levels of MEP and high overall use of personal care products (PCPs). Cluster analysis suggested that phthalate exposures depend on season and multiple lifestyle factors, like time spent indoors and use of PCPs, which combine to lead to the observed widespread presence of phthalate metabolites in both study populations. Participants who spent more time indoors, particularly noticeably during colder months, had higher levels of high-molecular weight phthalate metabolites, whereas participants with higher PCP use, particularly women, tended to have higher concentration of LMW phthalate metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa Melymuk
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Klára Komprdová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Martin Scheringer
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Kohoutek
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Přibylová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Holger M Koch
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance - Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum (IPA), Bürkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, Bochum, Germany
| | - Martin Zvonař
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Sports, Masaryk University, Kamenice, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marta Esteban-López
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Argelia Castaño
- National Centre for Environmental Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, Brno, Czech Republic
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11
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Piler P, Thon V, Andrýsková L, Doležel K, Kostka D, Pavlík T, Dušek L, Pikhart H, Bobák M, Matic S, Klánová J. Nationwide increases in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies between October 2020 and March 2021 in the unvaccinated Czech population. Commun Med (Lond) 2022; 2:19. [PMID: 35603283 PMCID: PMC9053194 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00080-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of the nationwide prospective seroconversion (PROSECO) study was to investigate the dynamics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the Czech population. Here we report on baseline prevalence from that study. Methods The study included the first 30,054 persons who provided a blood sample between October 2020 and March 2021. Seroprevalence was compared between calendar periods, previous RT-PCR results and other factors. Results The data show a large increase in seropositivity over time, from 28% in October/November 2020 to 43% in December 2020/January 2021 to 51% in February/March 2021. These trends were consistent with government data on cumulative viral antigenic prevalence in the population captured by PCR testing - although the seroprevalence rates established in this study were considerably higher. There were only minor differences in seropositivity between sexes, age groups and BMI categories, and results were similar between test providing laboratories. Seropositivity was substantially higher among persons with history of symptoms (76% vs. 34%). At least one third of all seropositive participants had no history of symptoms, and 28% of participants with antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 never underwent PCR testing. Conclusions Our data confirm the rapidly increasing prevalence in the Czech population during the rising pandemic wave prior to the beginning of vaccination. The difference between our results on seroprevalence and PCR testing suggests that antibody response provides a better marker of past infection than the routine testing program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Piler
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Thon
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Doležel
- QualityLab Association, Evropská 846/176a, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Kostka
- grid.436106.6Health Insurance Company of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic, Vinohradská 2577/178, 130 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pavlík
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.486651.80000 0001 2231 0366Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Palackého náměstí 4, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Dušek
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.486651.80000 0001 2231 0366Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Palackého náměstí 4, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, 1 – 19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Martin Bobák
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic ,grid.83440.3b0000000121901201Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, 1 – 19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Srdan Matic
- World Health Organization (WHO), Country Office in the Czech Republic, Rytířská 31, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klánová
- grid.10267.320000 0001 2194 0956RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Piler P, Thon V, Andrýsková L, Doležel K, Kostka D, Pavlík T, Dušek L, Pikhart H, Bobák M, Matic S, Klánová J. Nationwide increases in anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies between October 2020 and March 2021 in the unvaccinated Czech population. Commun Med (Lond) 2022. [PMID: 35603283 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00080-0.pmid:35603283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the nationwide prospective seroconversion (PROSECO) study was to investigate the dynamics of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in the Czech population. Here we report on baseline prevalence from that study. METHODS The study included the first 30,054 persons who provided a blood sample between October 2020 and March 2021. Seroprevalence was compared between calendar periods, previous RT-PCR results and other factors. RESULTS The data show a large increase in seropositivity over time, from 28% in October/November 2020 to 43% in December 2020/January 2021 to 51% in February/March 2021. These trends were consistent with government data on cumulative viral antigenic prevalence in the population captured by PCR testing - although the seroprevalence rates established in this study were considerably higher. There were only minor differences in seropositivity between sexes, age groups and BMI categories, and results were similar between test providing laboratories. Seropositivity was substantially higher among persons with history of symptoms (76% vs. 34%). At least one third of all seropositive participants had no history of symptoms, and 28% of participants with antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 never underwent PCR testing. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm the rapidly increasing prevalence in the Czech population during the rising pandemic wave prior to the beginning of vaccination. The difference between our results on seroprevalence and PCR testing suggests that antibody response provides a better marker of past infection than the routine testing program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Piler
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Thon
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Doležel
- QualityLab Association, Evropská 846/176a, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Kostka
- Health Insurance Company of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic, Vinohradská 2577/178, 130 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pavlík
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Palackého náměstí 4, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Dušek
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 3, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic, Palackého náměstí 4, 128 01 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, 1 - 19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Martin Bobák
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, 1 - 19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
| | - Srdan Matic
- World Health Organization (WHO), Country Office in the Czech Republic, Rytířská 31, 110 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Klánová
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
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13
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Cermakova P, Chlapečka A, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Marečková K. Socioeconomic and Cognitive Roots of Trait Anxiety in Young Adults. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci 2021; 17:703-711. [PMID: 34915569 PMCID: PMC9340106 DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsab135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In 54 participants (41% women) from the Czech arm of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood, a national birth cohort with prospectively collected data from their birth until young adulthood, we aimed to study the association between early-life socioeconomic deprivation (ELSD), cognitive ability in adolescence, trait anxiety and resting state functional connectivity of the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) in young adulthood. We found that ELSD was associated with lower cognitive ability in adolescence (at age 13) as well as higher trait anxiety in young adulthood (at age 23/24). Higher cognitive ability in adolescence predicted lower trait anxiety in young adulthood. Resting state functional connectivity between the right LPFC and a cluster of voxels including left precentral gyrus, left postcentral gyrus and superior frontal gyrus mediated the relationship between lower cognitive ability in adolescence and higher trait anxiety in young adulthood. These findings indicate that lower cognitive ability and higher trait anxiety may be both consequences of socioeconomic deprivation in early life. The recruitment of the right LPFC may be the underlying mechanism, through which higher cognitive ability may ameliorate trait anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Cermakova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic.,National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republlic
| | - Adam Chlapečka
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic.,Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, Department of Neurology, First Faculty of Medicine, General University Hospital, Charles University in Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Marečková
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, Czech Republic.,Brain and Mind Research, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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14
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Marecková K, Klasnja A, Bencurova P, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Paus T. Prenatal Stress, Mood, and Gray Matter Volume in Young Adulthood. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:1244-1250. [PMID: 29425268 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether prenatal stress, measured by the number of stressful life events during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, might relate to mood dysregulation and altered brain structure in young adulthood. Participants included 93 young adults from a community-based birth cohort from the Czech Republic. Information on prenatal stress exposure was collected from their mothers in 1990-1992. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mood-related data were collected from the young adults in 2015. MRI analyses focused on overall gray matter (GM) volume and GM volume of cortical regions previously associated with major depression. Higher prenatal stress predicted more mood dysregulation, lower overall GM volume, and lower GM volume in mid-dorsolateral frontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus in young adulthood. We observed no prenatal stress by sex interactions for any of the relations. We conclude that prenatal stress is an important risk factor that relates to worse mood states and altered brain structure in young adulthood irrespective of sex. Our results point to the importance and long-lasting effects of prenatal programming and suggest that offspring of mothers who went through substantial stress during pregnancy might benefit from early intervention that would reduce the odds of mental illness in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Marecková
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anja Klasnja
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Petra Bencurova
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, MU, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of medicine, MU, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Paus
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, USA
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15
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Piler P, Kandrnal V, Kukla L, Andrýsková L, Švancara J, Jarkovský J, Dušek L, Pikhart H, Bobák M, Klánová J. Cohort Profile: The European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) in the Czech Republic. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 46:1379-1379f. [PMID: 27380795 PMCID: PMC5837270 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Piler
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX)
| | - Vít Kandrnal
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX)
| | - Lubomír Kukla
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX)
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX)
| | - Jan Švancara
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX).,Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jirí Jarkovský
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX).,Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Dušek
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX).,Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX).,Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Martin Bobák
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX).,Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jana Klánová
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX)
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16
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Marečková K, Klasnja A, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Paus T. Developmental origins of depression-related white matter properties: Findings from a prenatal birth cohort. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:1155-1163. [PMID: 30367731 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is the leading cause of years lost due to disability worldwide. Still, the mechanisms underlying its development are not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate white-matter properties associated with depressive symptomatology in young adulthood and their developmental origins. Diffusion tensor imaging and assessment of depressive symptomatology were conducted in 128 young adults (47% male, age 23-24) from a prenatal birth cohort (European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood). For a subset of these individuals, the database included information on prenatal stress (n = 93) and depressive symptoms during adolescence (assessed repeatedly at age 15 and 19). Depressive symptoms in young adulthood were associated with lower fractional anisotropy in the left and right cingulum and higher fractional anisotropy in the right corticospinal tract and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Further analyses revealed that prenatal stress and depressive symptomatology during adolescence were independent predictors of altered white-matter properties in the cingulum in young adulthood. We conclude that typically developing young adults with more depressive symptoms already exhibit tract-specific alterations in white-matter properties and that prenatal stress and depressive symptomatology during adolescence might contribute to their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klára Marečková
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anja Klasnja
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Canada
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Brázdil
- Brain and Mind Research Programme, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University (CEITEC MU), Brno, Czech Republic.,Department of Neurology, St. Anne's University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, MU, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Paus
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest, Toronto, Canada.,Departments of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Child Mind Institute, New York
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17
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Marečková K, Klasnja A, Bencurova P, Andrýsková L, Brázdil M, Paus T. 23-Prenatal stress, mood, and gray matter volume in young adulthood. Clin Neurophysiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2018.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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18
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Šmídová S, Švancara J, Andrýsková L, Šimůnek J. Adolescent body image: results of Czech ELSPAC study. Cent Eur J Public Health 2018; 26:60-64. [DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a4930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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19
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Bienertová-Vašků J, Grulichová M, Mikeš O, Zlámal F, Pruša T, Pohořalá A, Andrýsková L, Pikhart H. Estimated dietary iodine intake as a predictor of placental size: evidence from the ELSPAC study. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2018; 15:5. [PMID: 29375646 PMCID: PMC5773185 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-018-0240-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The relationship between low iodine status and pregnancy-associated comorbidities has been known for decades. The relationship between iodine intake and placental pathologies is, however, far less clear. This study was designed to examine the relationship between dietary iodine intake and placental size while also focusing on typical adverse pregnancy outcomes. Method The dietary iodine intake of 4711 pregnant women enrolled in the Czech part of the European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC) in 1990–1991 was established using a 145-item food frequency questionnaire. Multivariate linear regression models were used to estimate the relationship between dietary iodine intake during pregnancy and placental weight. Additional models were constructed to investigate the relationship between estimated dietary iodine intake and adverse birth outcomes. Results The estimated average iodine intake in the ELSPAC cohort was 106.6 μg/day. In the fully adjusted model, estimated dietary iodine intake was found to be significantly negatively associated with placental weight (β = −0.025, 95% CI: -0.044; −0.006, p = 0.011). Moreover, estimated dietary iodine intake was found to be significantly positively associated with the birth weight / placental weight ratio in the fully adjusted model (β = −0.024, 95% CI: 0.004; 0.043, p = 0.016). Conclusions This study provides evidence of a relationship between estimated dietary iodine intake and placental weight and the birth weight / placental weight ratio. Additional research is warranted to provide more insight into the role of iodine in early as well as late placentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Bienertová-Vašků
- 1Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,2Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A18, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Grulichová
- 2Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A18, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Mikeš
- 1Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Zlámal
- 1Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Pruša
- 1Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aneta Pohořalá
- 1Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- 1Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- 1Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, building A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,3Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 6BT UK
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Ruiz M, Goldblatt P, Morrison J, Porta D, Forastiere F, Hryhorczuk D, Antipkin Y, Saurel-Cubizolles MJ, Lioret S, Vrijheid M, Torrent M, Iñiguez C, Larrañaga I, Bakoula C, Veltsista A, van Eijsden M, Vrijkotte TGM, Andrýsková L, Dušek L, Barros H, Correia S, Järvelin MR, Taanila A, Ludvigsson J, Faresjö T, Marmot M, Pikhart H. Impact of Low Maternal Education on Early Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Europe. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2016; 30:274-84. [PMID: 26945670 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Comparable evidence on adiposity inequalities in early life is lacking across a range of European countries. This study investigates whether low maternal education is associated with overweight and obesity risk in children from distinct European settings during early childhood. METHODS Prospective data of 45 413 children from 11 European cohorts were used. Children's height and weight obtained at ages 4-7 years were used to assess prevalent overweight and obesity according to the International Obesity Task Force definition. The Relative/Slope Indices of Inequality (RII/SII) were estimated within each cohort and by gender to investigate adiposity risk among children born to mothers with low education as compared to counterparts born to mothers with high education. Individual-data meta-analyses were conducted to obtain aggregate estimates and to assess heterogeneity between cohorts. RESULTS Low maternal education yielded a substantial risk of early childhood adiposity across 11 European countries. Low maternal education yielded a mean risk ratio of 1.58 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.34, 1.85) and a mean risk difference of 7.78% (5.34, 10.22) in early childhood overweight, respectively, measured by the RII and SII. Early childhood obesity risk by low maternal education was as substantial for all cohorts combined (RII = 2.61 (2.10, 3.23)) and (SII = 4.01% (3.14, 4.88)). Inequalities in early childhood adiposity were consistent among boys, but varied among girls in a few cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Considerable inequalities in overweight and obesity are evident among European children in early life. Tackling early childhood adiposity is necessary to promote children's immediate health and well-being and throughout the life course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros Ruiz
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Goldblatt
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Institute of Health Equity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Joana Morrison
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Daniela Porta
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health System, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Daniel Hryhorczuk
- Center for Global Health, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Youriy Antipkin
- Institute of Pediatrics, Obstetrics, and Gynecology, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Marie-Josèphe Saurel-Cubizolles
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1153, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team (Epopé), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité, DHU Risks in Pregnancy, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Lioret
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) UMR 1153, Early Origin of the Child's Health and Development Team (ORCHAD), Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Martine Vrijheid
- Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maties Torrent
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain.,IB-Salut Menorca Health Area, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- FISABIO - Universitat Jaume I - Universitat de València Joint Research Unit of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Isabel Larrañaga
- Public Health Department of Gipuzkoa, Gipuzkoa, Spain.,BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Chryssa Bakoula
- First Department of Paediatrics, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Veltsista
- First Department of Paediatrics, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Manon van Eijsden
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja G M Vrijkotte
- Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lenka Andrýsková
- Faculty of Science, Research Centre of Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ladislav Dušek
- Faculty of Science, Research Centre of Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biostatistics & Analyses (IBA), Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Henrique Barros
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sofia Correia
- EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Predictive Medicine and Public Health, University of Porto Medical School, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marjo-Riitta Järvelin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC Health Protection Agency (HPE), Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Unit of Primary Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Epidemiology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anja Taanila
- Institute of Health Sciences, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tomas Faresjö
- Department of Medicine and Health, Community Medicine/General Practice Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Michael Marmot
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.,Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL Institute of Health Equity, University College London, London, UK
| | - Hynek Pikhart
- Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
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