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Grillo F, Ferro J, Vanoli A, Delfanti S, Pitto F, Peñuela L, Bianchi R, Grami O, Fiocca R, Mastracci L. Comparison of pathology sampling protocols for pancreatoduodenectomy specimens. Virchows Arch 2019; 476:735-744. [PMID: 31802231 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02687-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatoduodenectomy is one of the most challenging surgical specimens for pathologists. Recently, two different, standardized protocols have been proposed: the axial slicing Leeds protocol (LP) and the bi-valving Adsay protocol (AP). Comparison between standardized and non-standardized protocols (NSP) was performed with emphasis on margin involvement and lymph node yield. Pancreatoduodenectomy cases were retrospectively recruited: 46 sampled with LP, 52 cases with AP and 46 cases with NSP. Clinico-pathologic data and rates of margin/surface involvement were collected and their prognostic influence on survival was assessed. Statistical differences between NSP and AP and LP were seen for nodal yield (p = 0.0001), N+ (p = 0.0001) and lymph node ratio - LNR (p < 0.0008) but not between AP and LP. Differences in R1/R0 status were statistically significant between NSP group (R1-15%) and both the LP (R1-73.9%) and AP (R1-70%) groups (p = 0.0001) but not between LP and AP groups. At univariate survival analysis, grade (p = 0.0023) and number of involved margins (p = 0.0096) in AP and "N-category" (p = 0.0057) "resection margin status" (p = 0.0094), "stage" (p = 0.0143), and "number of involved margins" (p = 0.00398) in LP were statistically significant, while no variable was significant in the NSP group. At multivariate analysis "N category," "resection margin status," "stage," "number of involved margins," and "LNR" retained significance for the LP group. These results show that both LP and AP perform better than non-standardized sampling making standardization mandatory in pancreatoduodenectomy cut up. Both AP and LP show strengths and weaknesses, and these may impact on the choice of protocol in different institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Grillo
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy. .,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Jacopo Ferro
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vanoli
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Anatomic Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sara Delfanti
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesca Pitto
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Leonardo Peñuela
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rita Bianchi
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Oneda Grami
- Unit of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Viale Camillo Golgi, 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Fiocca
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Anatomic Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics (DISC), University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.,Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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Vellone VG, Peñuela L, Paudice M, Todeschini F, Buffelli F, Biggi G, Felis S, Ferrero S, Fulcheri E. What can we learn from the histopathology of retained placenta? A 15-year experience at a regional referral center. Gazz Med Ital - Arch Sci Med 2019. [DOI: 10.23736/s0393-3660.18.03879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Gaetano Vellone V, Cozzani E, Peñuela L, Russo R, Spina B, Toncini C, Terrone C, Parodi A. Changes in Androgen Receptor Expression as a Molecular Marker of Progression from Normal Epithelium to Invasive Cancer in Elderly Patients with Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Acta Derm Venereol 2018; 98:985-986. [PMID: 29978887 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-3004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Gaetano Vellone
- Pathology, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Peñuela L, Negro C, Massa M, Repaci E, Cozzani E, Parodi A, Scaglione S, Quarto R, Raiteri R. Atomic force microscopy for biomechanical and structural analysis of human dermis: A complementary tool for medical diagnosis and therapy monitoring. Exp Dermatol 2018; 27:150-155. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Peñuela
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and System Engineering; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Carola Negro
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and System Engineering; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Michela Massa
- Advanced Biotechnology Center; San Martino Hospital; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Erica Repaci
- Advanced Biotechnology Center; San Martino Hospital; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Emanuele Cozzani
- Clinic of Dermatology, DISSAL; Section of Dermatology; University of Genoa; IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST; Genoa Italy
| | - Aurora Parodi
- Clinic of Dermatology, DISSAL; Section of Dermatology; University of Genoa; IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST; Genoa Italy
| | - Silvia Scaglione
- Research National Council; IEIIT Institute (CNR-IEIIT) Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Advanced Biotechnology Center; San Martino Hospital; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
| | - Roberto Raiteri
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and System Engineering; University of Genoa; Genoa Italy
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Peñuela L, Villaggio B, Raiteri R, Fiocca R, Vellone VG. Kidney Ultrastructure by Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging Directly From Formalin Fixed-Paraffin Embedded Biopsy: Is This a Dream Come True? Int J Surg Pathol 2017; 26:532-533. [PMID: 29278966 DOI: 10.1177/1066896917749930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Peñuela
- 1 University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,2 Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
| | - Barbara Villaggio
- 1 University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,3 San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Fiocca
- 1 University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,3 San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
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Cavo M, Fato M, Peñuela L, Beltrame F, Raiteri R, Scaglione S. Microenvironment complexity and matrix stiffness regulate breast cancer cell activity in a 3D in vitro model. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35367. [PMID: 27734939 PMCID: PMC5062115 DOI: 10.1038/srep35367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures represent fundamental tools for the comprehension of cellular phenomena both in normal and in pathological conditions. In particular, mechanical and chemical stimuli play a relevant role on cell fate, cancer onset and malignant evolution. Here, we use mechanically-tuned alginate hydrogels to study the role of substrate elasticity on breast adenocarcinoma cell activity. The hydrogel elastic modulus (E) was measured via atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a remarkable range (150-4000 kPa) was obtained. A breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, was seeded within the 3D gels, on standard Petri and alginate-coated dishes (2D controls). Cells showed dramatic morphological differences when cultured in 3D versus 2D, exhibiting a flat shape in both 2D conditions, while maintaining a circular, spheroid-organized (cluster) conformation within the gels, similar to those in vivo. Moreover, we observed a strict correlation between cell viability and substrate elasticity; in particular, the number of MCF-7 cells decreased constantly with increasing hydrogel elasticity. Remarkably, the highest cellular proliferation rate, associated with the formation of cell clusters, occurred at two weeks only in the softest hydrogels (E = 150-200 kPa), highlighting the need to adopt more realistic and a priori defined models for in vitro cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Cavo
- National Council of Research (CNR) – IEIIT Institute, Genoa, 16149, Italy
- University of Genoa – Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering (DIBRIS), Genoa, 16145, Italy
| | - Marco Fato
- National Council of Research (CNR) – IEIIT Institute, Genoa, 16149, Italy
- University of Genoa – Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering (DIBRIS), Genoa, 16145, Italy
| | - Leonardo Peñuela
- University of Genoa – Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering (DIBRIS), Genoa, 16145, Italy
| | - Francesco Beltrame
- National Council of Research (CNR) – IEIIT Institute, Genoa, 16149, Italy
- University of Genoa – Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering (DIBRIS), Genoa, 16145, Italy
| | - Roberto Raiteri
- University of Genoa – Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering (DIBRIS), Genoa, 16145, Italy
- National Council of Research (CNR) – IBF Institute, Genoa, 16149, Italy
| | - Silvia Scaglione
- National Council of Research (CNR) – IEIIT Institute, Genoa, 16149, Italy
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Peñuela L, Wolf F, Raiteri R, Wendt D, Martin I, Barbero A. Atomic force microscopy to investigate spatial patterns of response to interleukin-1beta in engineered cartilage tissue elasticity. J Biomech 2013; 47:2157-64. [PMID: 24290139 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been proposed as a tool to evaluate the structural and mechanical properties of cartilage tissue. Here, we aimed at assessing whether AFM can be employed to quantify spatially resolved elastic response of tissue engineered cartilage (TEC) to short exposure to IL-1β, thus mimicking the initially inflammatory implantation site. TEC generated by 14 days of pellet-culture of expanded human chondrocytes was left untreated (ctr) or exposed to IL-1β for 3 days. TEC pellets were then cut in halves that were glued on a Petri dish. Profiles of elasticity were obtained by sampling with a nanometer sized, pyramidal indenting tip, with 200µm step resolution, the freshly exposed surfaces along selected directions. Replicate TECs were analyzed biochemically and histologically. GAG contents and elasticity of pellets decreased (1.4- and 2.6-fold, respectively, p<0.05) following IL-1β stimulation. Tissue quality was evaluated by scoring histological pictures taken at 200μm intervals, using the Bern-score grading system. At each distance, scores of ctr TEC were higher than those IL-1β treated, with the largest differences between the two groups observed in the central regions. Consistent with the histological results, elasticity of IL-1β-treated TEC was lower than in ctr pellets (up to 3.4-fold at 200μm from the center). IL-1β treated but not ctr TEC was intensely stained for MMP-13 and DIPEN (cryptic fragment of aggrecan) especially in the central regions. The findings indicate the potential of AFM to investigate structure/function relationships in TEC and to perform tests aimed at predicting the functionality of TEC upon implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Peñuela
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and System Engineering, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Francine Wolf
- Deparments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Raiteri
- Department of Informatics, Bioengineering, Robotics, and System Engineering, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - David Wendt
- Deparments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ivan Martin
- Deparments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Andrea Barbero
- Deparments of Surgery and of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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