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Silva DL, Dalólio FS, Teixeira LV, Sens RF, Albino LFT, Rostagno HS. Impact of the Supplementation of Exogenous Protease and Carbohydrase on the Metabolizable Energy and Standardized Ileal Amino Acid Digestibility of Soybean Meals in Two Brazilian Regions. Braz J Poult Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- DL Silva
- Federal University of Viçosa, Brazil
| | | | | | - RF Sens
- DSM Nutritional Products, Brazil
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Giacobbo FCN, Eyng C, Nunes RV, de Souza C, Teixeira LV, Pilla R, Suchodolski JS, Bortoluzzi C. Different enzymatic associations in diets of broiler chickens formulated with corn dried at various temperatures. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101013. [PMID: 33752073 PMCID: PMC8005832 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of supplementation of different enzymatic associations in the feed of broiler chickens formulated with corn dried at 80°C or 110°C on growth performance and carcass yield was evaluated. In addition, the influence of the different enzymatic associations on the cecal microbiota was studied. One-day-old male broiler chicks (1,320) were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement (6 replicates; 22 birds/replicate). The treatments were 2 corn drying temperatures (80°C and 110°C) and 5 diets. The diets consisted of a positive control (PC), a negative control (NC) with a reduction of 100 kcal/kg of apparent metabolizable energy, and 3 enzyme combinations added to the NC diet: amylase, amylase + xylanase, and amylase + xylanase + protease. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) from 1 to 7 d of chickens fed diets formulated with corn dried at 80°C was better (P = 0.045) than that of chickens fed diets dried at 110°C. Regardless of the enzymatic association, the supplementation improved body weight gain (P = 0.01) of the NC group to the same level as the PC group. The FCR of the NC was similar to that of the PC only when the 3 enzymes were included from 1 to 21 d (P = 0.001) and regardless of the enzymatic association for the period from 1 to 42 d (P = 0.007). Regarding cecal microbiota, the alpha diversity was similar among the groups (P > 0.05). The beta-diversity analysis showed that the microbiota of the birds receiving the combination of the 3 enzymes was similar to that of birds fed the PC diet (P = 0.18; R = 0.074), with a similar effect observed for the predicted metabolic functions (Linear discriminant analysis effect size). In conclusion, chickens fed diets formulated with corn dried at 80°C had better FCR during the prestarter phase. The enzymatic supplementation improved the FCR of the birds, which may partially be explained by the modulation of the cecal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cinthia Eyng
- Animal Science Department, Western State Paraná University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ricardo V Nunes
- Animal Science Department, Western State Paraná University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Cleison de Souza
- Animal Science Department, Western State Paraná University, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Rachel Pilla
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jan S Suchodolski
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Bassi LS, Teixeira LV, Sens RF, Almeida L, Zavelinski VAB, Maiorka A. High doses of phytase on growth performance, bone mineralization, diet utilization, and plasmatic myo-inositol of turkey poults. Poult Sci 2021; 100:101050. [PMID: 33744617 PMCID: PMC8005821 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance, bone mineral composition, diet utilization, and plasmatic concentration of myo-inositol (MYO) in turkeys fed different phytase doses from 1 to 28 d. A total of three hundred and twenty 1-day-old turkeys were distributed in a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 8 replicates of 10 birds each. Treatments included a basal diet without phytase; reduced diet (reduced -0.15% available P and -0.18% Ca) without phytase; reduced diet + 2,000 units of phytase (FYT)/kg; and reduced diet + 4,000 FYT/kg. From day 26 to 28, partial excreta collection was conducted, and on day 28, 7 birds per replicate were euthanized for collection of ileal content and left tibia bones were removed from 2 of the same euthanized birds. Feed, excreta, and ileal digesta samples were analyzed to determine nutrient digestibility and metabolizability, ileal digestible energy, and AME. Tibia bones were analyzed for ash, Ca, and P content, and calculation of Seedor index. On day 28, blood samples were collected from 2 turkeys per replicate to analyze plasmatic MYO concentration. Feed conversion ratio was not affected, but phytase supplementation resulted in higher feed intake and body weight gain compared to turkeys fed the reduced diet (P < 0.05), and both doses were similar to the basal diet. Increasing the phytase dose had a linear effect (P < 0.05) on ileal digestibility of P and metabolizability of DM, CP, Ca, and Na, and also on AME. P content in the tibia bone increased linearly (P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation, and the same linear increase (P < 0.05) was observed for plasmatic MYO. In conclusion, the supplementation of turkey poult's diets with high levels of phytase up to 4,000 FYT/kg improves diet utilization by increasing P digestibility and dietary metabolizability, leading to higher P content in the bone and enhancing MYO provision and absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas S Bassi
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil 80035-050.
| | | | - Rafael F Sens
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil 80035-050
| | - Leopoldo Almeida
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil 80035-050
| | - Vitor A B Zavelinski
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil 80035-050
| | - Alex Maiorka
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil 80035-050
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Sens RF, Bassi LS, Almeida LM, Rosso DF, Teixeira LV, Maiorka A. Effect of different doses of phytase and protein content of soybean meal on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and bone characteristics of broilers. Poult Sci 2021; 100:100917. [PMID: 33518330 PMCID: PMC7936191 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of high phytase doses and soybean meal (SBM) with different CP content on growth performance, ileal nutrient digestibility, digestible energy, plasmatic myo-inositol, phosphate release in vitro, and bone composition of broiler chickens. One thousand two hundred 1-day-old broilers were distributed in a 2 × 2 completely randomized factorial arrangement, with 2 phytase doses (1,000 and 2,500 phytase units [FYT]/kg of feed) and 2 SBM with different CP concentrations (45 and 47%), totaling 4 treatments with 12 replicates of 25 birds each. The chickens received feed and water ad libitum. Diets were based on corn and SBM, with different inclusions of soybean hull used to dilute the CP content of SBM according to each treatment. The inclusion of 2,500 FYT increased weight gain from 0 to 21 d (P < 0.05), whereas growth performance from 22 to 42 d was not affected, and SBM had no effect on growth performance. At day 21, ileal digestibility of dry matter, ash, and P, and digestible energy were greater in diets with 2,500 FYT/kg (P < 0.05), as well as phosphate in vitro release (P < 0.01) compared to the lower dose. At day 42, diets with SBM 47% CP and 2,500 FYT/kg promoted greater digestibility of dry matter, ash, CP, Ca, P, and digestible energy (P < 0.001), and greater phosphate release (P < 0.05) in comparison to other treatments. myo-inositol level in the plasma at 21 and 42 d was higher with the use of 2,500 FYT compared to 1,000 FYT (P < 0.05). The higher phytase dose increased tibia ash, toe ash, and Seedor Index (P < 0.05) at day 21, and the Ca content in tibia was higher with 2,500 FYT and SBM 47% CP at day 42. In conclusion, higher phytase doses for broilers improve weight gain, myo-inositol provision, and bone mineral composition. Nutrient ileal digestibility can be enhanced by higher phytase doses when in combination with SBM of greater nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael F Sens
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, 80035-050
| | - Lucas S Bassi
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, 80035-050.
| | - Leopoldo M Almeida
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, 80035-050
| | - Diogo F Rosso
- Novozymes Latin America Ltda, Araucária, Brazil, 83707-660
| | | | - Alex Maiorka
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil, 80035-050
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Giacobbo FCN, Eyng C, Nunes RV, de Souza C, Teixeira LV, Pilla R, Suchodolski JS, Bortoluzzi C. Influence of Enzyme Supplementation in the Diets of Broiler Chickens Formulated with Different Corn Hybrids Dried at Various Temperatures. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030643. [PMID: 33671022 PMCID: PMC7997286 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The use of exogenous enzymes is a common nutrition strategy of the poultry industry. However, the influence of this additive on the microbiota and its efficiency when the diets are formulated with different hybrids of corn dried under high temperature are still unclear. From a practical point of view, evaluating the mode of action of enzymes in different situations is crucial to ensure competitive performance results with low production costs. The current study confirmed that regardless of corn hybrids and drying temperature, dietary supplementation with amylase, xylanase, and protease was beneficial for intestinal morphology and allowed a modulation of the cecal microbiota. This influence may have changed the digestive process and use of nutrients by the broilers, resulting in better animal performance. Abstract We evaluated the influence of enzymatic supplementation on the growth performance and cecal microbiota of broilers. A total of 2160 1-day-old male chicks were used in a 3 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (three corn hybrids, two drying temperatures −80 and 110 °C, with or without the inclusion of an enzymatic blend (amylase, xylanase, and protease) (20 birds/pen, n = 9). For all performance and digestibility parameters, we observed, in general, isolated effects of the corn hybrids and drying temperature. Birds that received the enzymatic blend in the diet showed better weight gain from 1 to 21 days (d) and better digestibility coefficients of nutrients at 42 d. Birds fed diets with corn dried at 80 °C showed a better feed conversion ratio from 1 to 42 d. At 21 d of age, enzymatic supplementation had positive effects on jejunum morphology. Enzyme supplementation increased the abundance of the phylum Tenericutes, class Bacilli and Mollicutes, reduced Clostridia, and increased the abundances of the families Lactobacillaceae, Anaeroplasmataceae, and O_RF39;F. In conclusion, the addition of amylase, xylanase, and protease led to a better nutrient digestibility, performance, and intestinal morphology. In addition, enzyme supplementation changed the diversity, composition, and predicted function of the cecal microbiota at d 21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franciele C. N. Giacobbo
- Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 85960-000 Mal. C. Rondon, Brazil; (F.C.N.G.); (R.V.N.); (C.d.S.)
| | - Cinthia Eyng
- Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 85960-000 Mal. C. Rondon, Brazil; (F.C.N.G.); (R.V.N.); (C.d.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-45-99800-0893
| | - Ricardo V. Nunes
- Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 85960-000 Mal. C. Rondon, Brazil; (F.C.N.G.); (R.V.N.); (C.d.S.)
| | - Cleison de Souza
- Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 85960-000 Mal. C. Rondon, Brazil; (F.C.N.G.); (R.V.N.); (C.d.S.)
| | | | - Rachel Pilla
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (R.P.); (J.S.S.)
| | - Jan S. Suchodolski
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (R.P.); (J.S.S.)
| | - Cristiano Bortoluzzi
- Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77845, USA;
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Dessimoni GV, Dalólio FS, Moreira J, Teixeira LV, Bertechini AG, Hermes RG. Protease Supplementation under Amino Acid Reduction in Diets Formulated with Different Nutritional Requirements for Broilers. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2017-0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- GV Dessimoni
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Brazil
| | | | - J Moreira
- Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Brazil
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