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Vints WAJ, Valatkevičienė K, Levin O, Weerasekera A, Jesmanas S, Kušleikienė S, Česnaitienė VJ, Himmelreich U, Verbunt JA, Ratai EM, Gleiznienė R, Masiulis N. Hippocampal neurometabolic and structural changes from pre-to post-COVID-19: A case-series study. Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 109:249-255. [PMID: 38521366 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2024.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurological complications of the COVID-19 infection may be caused in part by local neurochemical and structural abnormalities that could not be detected during routine medical examinations. We examined within subject neurometabolic and structural brain alterations from pre-to post-COVID-19 in the hippocampal region of three elderly individuals (aged 63-68 years) who had a COVID-19 infection with mild symptoms. Patients were participating in an interventional study in which they were closely monitored at the time they were diagnosed with COVID-19. Patients 1 and 2 just completed 18-20 resistance training sessions prior to their diagnosis. Patient 3 was assigned to a non-training condition in the same study. METHODS Whole brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of the left hippocampus were collected before and after infection. Structural and spectroscopic imaging measures post-COVID-19 were contrasted to the pre-COVID-19 measures and were compared with values for Minimal Detectable Change at 95% (MDC95) and 90% (MDC90) confidence from a group of six elderly (aged 60-79 years) without COVID-19 that participated in the same study. RESULTS After SARS-COV-2 infection, we observed a reduction of glutamate-glutamine (Glx) in Patients 1 and 2 (≥ 42.0%) and elevation of myo-inositol (mIns) and N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) in Patient 3 (≥ 36.4%); all > MDC90. MRI findings showed increased (Patients 1 and 2) or unchanged (Patient 3) hippocampal volume. CONCLUSIONS Overall, findings from this exploratory study suggest that mild COVID-19 infection could be associated with development of local neuroinflammation and reduced glutamate levels in the hippocampus. Our 1H-MRS findings may have clinical value for explaining chronic neurological and psychological complaints in COVID-19 long-haulers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter A J Vints
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Adelante Zorggroep, P.O. Box 88, 6430 AB, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands.
| | - Kristina Valatkevičienė
- Department of Radiology, Kauno Klinikos, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Oron Levin
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; Movement Control & Neuroplasticity Research Group, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Heverlee 3001, Belgium
| | - Akila Weerasekera
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School (MGH/HMS), Boston 02129, MA, USA
| | - Simonas Jesmanas
- Department of Radiology, Kauno Klinikos, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Simona Kušleikienė
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vida J Česnaitienė
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Biomedical MRI Unit, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Group Biomedical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | - Jeanine A Verbunt
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands; Adelante Zorggroep, P.O. Box 88, 6430 AB, Hoensbroek, the Netherlands
| | - Eva-Maria Ratai
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School (MGH/HMS), Boston 02129, MA, USA
| | - Rymantė Gleiznienė
- Department of Radiology, Kauno Klinikos, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Nerijus Masiulis
- Department of Health Promotion and Rehabilitation, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Rehabilitation, Physical and Sports Medicine, Institute of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio Str. 21, LT-03101 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Wang X, Li K, Zhao W, Zhang L, Wei X, Shen R, Chen M, Han D, Gong J. Enhancing physicochemical and functional properties of myo- inositol in crystallization with edible sugar additives. Food Chem 2024; 439:138077. [PMID: 38039607 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Myo-inositol, referred to as vitamin B8, is an essential nutrient for maintaining human physiological functions. However, the morphology of myo-inositol products is predominantly powder or needle shaped, leading to poor food properties. In this work, three edible sugar additives, i.e. d-glucose, l-arabinose and d-fructose, are adopted in the crystallization of myo-inositol to improve its food properties. The results show that these additives change the morphology of myo-inositol crystals. d-glucose and l-arabinose reduced the aspect ratio of myo-inositol crystals, and d-glucose transformed elongated lamellar myo-inositol crystals into diamond-shaped lamellar crystals. The diamond-shaped lamellar myo-inositol products exhibited outstanding functional food properties. It offered a smoother texture and more pleasant mouthfeel when the products were added to infant formulas and nutraceuticals. When they were applied to functional beverages, the dissolution rate was increased by 35 %. This work provides a theoretical guidance for improving food properties through crystallization and possesses considerable potential for industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kangli Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; Institute of Shaoxing, Tianjin University, Zhejiang 312300, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Shandong Fuyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Dezhou 253000, China
| | - Leida Zhang
- Shandong Fuyang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Dezhou 253000, China
| | - Xuemei Wei
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Runpu Shen
- Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Fat-soluble Vitamin, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Dandan Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Junbo Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Hassan BA, Milicaj J, Tyson M, Karki R, Sham YY, Frantom PA, Taylor EA. In Vitro and In Silico Explorations of the Protein Conformational Changes of Corynebacterium glutamicum MshA, a Model Retaining GT-B Glycosyltransferase. Biochemistry 2024; 63:939-951. [PMID: 38507812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
MshA is a GT-B glycosyltransferase catalyzing the first step in the biosynthesis of mycothiol. While many GT-B enzymes undergo an open-to-closed transition, MshA is unique because its 97° rotation is beyond the usual range of 10-25°. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were carried out for MshA in both ligand bound and unbound states to investigate the effect of ligand binding on localized protein dynamics and its conformational free energy landscape. Simulations showed that both the unliganded "opened" and liganded "closed" forms of the enzyme sample a wide degree of dihedral angles and interdomain distances with relatively low overlapping populations. Calculation of the free energy surface using replica exchange MD for the apo "opened" and an artificial generated apo "closed" structure revealed overlaps in the geometries sampled, allowing calculation of a barrier of 2 kcal/mol for the open-to-closed transition in the absence of ligands. MD simulations of fully liganded MshA revealed a smaller sampling of the dihedral angles. The localized protein fluctuation changes suggest that UDP-GlcNAc binding activates the motions of loops in the 1-l-myo-inositol-1-phosphate (I1P)-binding site despite little change in the interactions with UDP-GlcNAc. Circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy, and mutagenesis studies were used to confirm the ligand-induced structural changes in MshA. The results support a proposed mechanism where UDP-GlcNAc binds with rigid interactions to the C-terminal domain of MshA and activates flexible loops in the N-terminal domain for binding and positioning of I1P. This model can be used for future structure-based drug development of inhibitors of the mycothiol biosynthetic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bakar A Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
| | - Jozafina Milicaj
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
| | - Meka Tyson
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
| | - Ramesh Karki
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Yuk Y Sham
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Program, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Patrick A Frantom
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Erika A Taylor
- Department of Chemistry, Wesleyan University, Middletown, Connecticut 06459, United States
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Clemente Á, Yubero E, Nicolás JF, Crespo J, Galindo N. Organic tracers in fine and coarse aerosols at an urban Mediterranean site: contribution of biomass burning and biogenic emissions. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2024; 31:25216-25226. [PMID: 38468002 PMCID: PMC11023962 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32789-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The concentrations of anhydrosugars (levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan), polyols (inositol, xylitol, sorbitol, and mannitol), and glucose were measured in PM1 and PM10 samples collected during 1 year at a traffic site in the city of Elche (southeastern Spain). Levoglucosan, mannosan, and galactosan were mainly found in the PM1 fraction since they are mainly emitted from biomass burning (BB). Likewise, inositol, xylitol, and sorbitol were primarily distributed in the fine mode, suggesting a non-negligible contribution from anthropogenic sources (specifically BB) to the levels of these compounds. This was supported by their seasonal variations, with higher concentrations during winter, and their correlations with levoglucosan concentrations. The average contributions of biomass burning and biogenic sources to OC and PM levels were calculated using levoglucosan and mannitol, respectively, as tracers. On average, BB accounted for 12% and 16% of the OC in PM1 and PM10, while the estimated contribution of fungal spores to OC and PM10 levels was 1.2 and 0.8%, respectively. The results of the present study suggest that, at least in the study area, most sugar alcohols are not appropriate tracers of biogenic emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Clemente
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Eduardo Yubero
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Jose F Nicolás
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Javier Crespo
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain
| | - Nuria Galindo
- Atmospheric Pollution Laboratory (LCA), Department of Applied Physics, Miguel Hernández University, Avenida de la Universidad S/N, 03202, Elche, Spain.
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Gutiérrez-Fernández J, Hersleth HP, Hammerstad M. The crystal structure of mycothiol disulfide reductase (Mtr) provides mechanistic insight into the specific low-molecular-weight thiol reductase activity of Actinobacteria. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2024; 80:181-193. [PMID: 38372589 PMCID: PMC10910545 DOI: 10.1107/s205979832400113x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular-weight (LMW) thiols are involved in many processes in all organisms, playing a protective role against reactive species, heavy metals, toxins and antibiotics. Actinobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, use the LMW thiol mycothiol (MSH) to buffer the intracellular redox environment. The NADPH-dependent FAD-containing oxidoreductase mycothiol disulfide reductase (Mtr) is known to reduce oxidized mycothiol disulfide (MSSM) to MSH, which is crucial to maintain the cellular redox balance. In this work, the first crystal structures of Mtr are presented, expanding the structural knowledge and understanding of LMW thiol reductases. The structural analyses and docking calculations provide insight into the nature of Mtrs, with regard to the binding and reduction of the MSSM substrate, in the context of related oxidoreductases. The putative binding site for MSSM suggests a similar binding to that described for the homologous glutathione reductase and its respective substrate glutathione disulfide, but with distinct structural differences shaped to fit the bulkier MSSM substrate, assigning Mtrs as uniquely functioning reductases. As MSH has been acknowledged as an attractive antitubercular target, the structural findings presented in this work may contribute towards future antituberculosis drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, Nordic EMBL Partnership, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hans-Petter Hersleth
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marta Hammerstad
- Section for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, PO Box 1066, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
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Wani SR, Jain V. Deciphering the molecular mechanism and regulation of formaldehyde detoxification in Mycobacterium smegmatis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0203923. [PMID: 38259108 PMCID: PMC10880627 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02039-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The build-up of formaldehyde, a highly reactive molecule is cytotoxic and must be eliminated for the organism's survival. Formaldehyde detoxification system is found in nearly all organisms including both pathogenic and non-pathogenic mycobacteria. MscR, a formaldehyde dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium smegmatis (Msm), is an indispensable part of this system and forms a bicistronic operon with its downstream uncharacterized gene, fmh. We here show that Fmh, a putative metallo-beta-lactamase, is essential in tolerating higher amounts of formaldehyde when co-overexpressed with mscR in vivo. Our NMR studies indicate that MscR, along with Fmh, enhances formate production through a mycothiol (MSH)-dependent pathway, emphasizing the importance of Fmh in detoxifying formaldehyde. Although another aldehyde dehydrogenase, MSMEG_1543, induces upon formaldehyde addition, it is not involved in its detoxification. We also show that the expression of the mscR operon is constitutive and remains unchanged upon formaldehyde addition, as displayed by the promoter activity of PmscR and by the transcript and protein levels of MscR. Furthermore, we establish the role of a thiol-responsive sigma factor SigH in formaldehyde detoxification. We show that SigH, and not SigE, is crucial for formaldehyde detoxification, even though it does not directly regulate mscR operon expression. In addition, sensitivity to formaldehyde in sigH-knockout could be alleviated by overexpression of mscR. Taken together, our data demonstrate the importance of MSH-dependent pathways in detoxifying formaldehyde in a mycobacterial system. An absence of such MSH-dependent proteins in eukaryotes and its complete conservation in M. tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, further unravel new drug targets for this pathogen.IMPORTANCEExtensive research has been done on formaldehyde detoxification in different bacteria. However, our current understanding of the mechanisms underlying this process in mycobacteria remains exceedingly little. We previously showed that MscR, a formaldehyde dehydrogenase from Mycobacterium smegmatis, plays a pivotal role in this detoxification pathway. Here, we present a potential S-formyl-mycothiol hydrolase named Fmh, thought to be a metallo-beta-lactamase, which functions along with mycothiol (MSH) and MscR to enhance formate production within this detoxification pathway. Co-expression of Fmh with MscR significantly enhances the efficiency of formaldehyde detoxification in M. smegmatis. Our experiments establish that Fmh catalyzes the final step of this detoxification pathway. Although an alternative sigma factor SigH was found to be involved in formaldehyde detoxification, it did not directly regulate the expression of mscR. Since formaldehyde detoxification is essential for bacterial survival, we envisage this process to be a potential drug target for M. tuberculosis eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloni Rajesh Wani
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Jain
- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Ozbek DA, Koc SC, Özkan NE, Kablan SE, Yet I, Uner M, Ozlu N, Nemutlu E, Lay I, Ayhan AS, Yildirim T, Arici M, Yilmaz SR, Erdem Y, Altun B. A comparative urinary proteomic and metabolomic analysis between renal aa amyloidosis and membranous nephropathy with clinicopathologic correlations. J Proteomics 2024; 293:105064. [PMID: 38154551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Urinary omics has become a powerful tool for elucidating pathophysiology of glomerular diseases. However, no urinary omics analysis has been performed yet on renal AA amyloidosis. Here, we performed a comparative urine proteomic and metabolomic analysis between recently diagnosed renal AA amyloidosis (AA) and membranous nephropathy (MN) patients. Urine samples of 22 (8 AA, 8 MN and 6 healthy control) patients were analyzed with nLC-MS/MS and GC/MS for proteomic and metabolomic studies, respectively. Pathological specimens were scored for glomerulosclerosis and tubulointerstitial fibrosis grades. Functional enrichment analysis between AA and control groups showed enrichment in cell adhesion related sub-domains. Uromodulin (UMOD) was lower, whereas ribonuclease 1 (RNase1) and α-1-microglobulin/bikunin precursor (AMBP) were higher in AA compared to MN group. Correlations were demonstrated between UMOD-proteinuria (r = -0.48, p = 0.03) and AMBP-eGFR (r = -0.69, p = 0.003) variables. Metabolomic analysis showed myo-inositol and urate were higher in AA compared to MN group. A positive correlation was detected between RNase1 and urate independent of eGFR values (r = 0.63, p = 0.01). Enrichment in cell adhesion related domains suggested a possible increased urinary shear stress due to amyloid fibrils. UMOD, AMBP and myo-inositol were related with tubulointerstitial damage, whereas RNase1 and urate were believed to be related with systemic inflammation in AA amyloidosis. SIGNIFICANCE: Urinary omics studies have become a standard tool for biomarker studies. However, no urinary omics analysis has been performed yet on renal AA amyloidosis. Here, we performed a comparative urinary omics analysis between recently diagnosed renal AA amyloidosis (AA), membranous nephropathy (MN) patients and healthy controls. Pathological specimens were scored with glomerulosclerosis (G) and tubulointerstitial fibrosis (IF) grades to consolidate the results of the omics studies and correlation analyzes. Functional enrichment analysis showed enrichment in cell adhesion related sub-domains due to downregulation of cadherins; which could be related with increased urinary shear stress due to amyloid deposition and disruption of tissue micro-architecture. In comparative proteomic analyzes UMOD was lower, whereas RNase1 and AMBP were higher in AA compared to MN group. Whereas in metabolomic analyzes; myo-inositol, urate and maltose were higher in AA compared to MN group. Correlations were demonstrated between UMOD-proteinuria (r = -0.48, p = 0.03), AMBP-eGFR (r = -0.69, p = 0.003) and between RNase1-Urate independent of eGFR values (r = 0.63, p = 0.01). This study is the first comprehensive urinary omics analysis focusing on renal AA Amyloidosis to the best of our knowledge. Based on physiologic roles and clinicopathologic correlations of the molecules; UMOD, AMBP and myo-inositol were related with tubulointerstitial damage, whereas RNase1 and urate were believed to be increased with systemic inflammation and endothelial damage in AA amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Aral Ozbek
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Sila Cankurtaran Koc
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nazlı Ezgi Özkan
- Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Erdogan Kablan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Idil Yet
- Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Department of Bioinformatics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Meral Uner
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Ozlu
- Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emirhan Nemutlu
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Incilay Lay
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Arzu Saglam Ayhan
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tolga Yildirim
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Arici
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seref Rahmi Yilmaz
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yunus Erdem
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bulent Altun
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Ankara, Turkey
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Jin H, Liu A, Chin AC, Fu C, Shen H, Cheng W. Deleting IP6K1 stabilizes neuronal sodium-potassium pumps and suppresses excitability. Mol Brain 2024; 17:8. [PMID: 38350944 PMCID: PMC10863101 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-024-01080-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Inositol pyrophosphates are key signaling molecules that regulate diverse neurobiological processes. We previously reported that the inositol pyrophosphate 5-InsP7, generated by inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1 (IP6K1), governs the degradation of Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) via an autoinhibitory domain of PI3K p85α. NKA is required for maintaining electrochemical gradients for proper neuronal firing. Here we characterized the electrophysiology of IP6K1 knockout (KO) neurons to further expand upon the functions of IP6K1-regulated control of NKA stability. We found that IP6K1 KO neurons have a lower frequency of action potentials and a specific deepening of the afterhyperpolarization phase. Our results demonstrate that deleting IP6K1 suppresses neuronal excitability, which is consistent with hyperpolarization due to an enrichment of NKA. Given that impaired NKA function contributes to the pathophysiology of various neurological diseases, including hyperexcitability in epilepsy, our findings may have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfu Jin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aili Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Basic Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Alfred C Chin
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering Tri-Institutional MD-PhD Program, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chenglai Fu
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Department of Cellular Biology, School of Basic Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| | - Weiwei Cheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Jani V, Sonavane U, Sawant S. Structural insights into the activation mechanism of phosphoinositide 3-kinase alpha. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 108:107994. [PMID: 38043374 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) are lipid kinases known to regulate important cellular functions by phosphorylating the inositol ring of inositol-phospholipids (PtdIns) at 3' position. The PI3Kα is a heterodimer and the activation of the catalytic subunit (p110α) is regulated by its regulatory subunit (p85α). The current work deals with studying the activation mechanism of the PI3Kα using multi micro-second molecular dynamic simulations. Structural changes involved in activation mechanism is studied by gradually releasing the inhibitory effects of different domains of regulatory subunit namely, n-terminal SH2 (nSH2) and inter SH2 (iSH2). The observation shows that even in the presence of n-terminal and inter SH2 domain (niSH2) of regulatory subunit, the catalytic domain has some intrinsic activation activity and the presence of c-terminal SH2 (cSH2) domain may be required for complete inhibition. The release of nSH2 domain leads to loss of interactions between iSH2 domain (regulatory subunit) and C2 and kinase domain (catalytic subunit). The study shows that early events in the activation mechanism involve the movement of the ABD domain of the catalytic subunit along with the linker region between ABD and RBD region which may lead to movement of ABD closer to the CLobe of the kinase domain. This movement is essentially as it triggers the rearrangement of CLobe especially the catalytic loop and activation loop which bring catalytic important residues closer to ATP and PIP2(phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate). Water mediated interaction analysis reveal that water may be playing an important role in the transfer of phosphate from ATP to PIP2. The study shows that initial signal for release of inhibitory effect of the regulatory subunit might be propagated through the linker region between ABD and RBD through allosteric effect to different regions of the protein. These understanding of early events during the activation mechanism may help in the design of better therapeutic targeting PI3K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Jani
- HPC-M&BA group, Centre for Development of Advanced computing, Pune 411008, India; Bioinformatics centre, SSP University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Uddhavesh Sonavane
- HPC-M&BA group, Centre for Development of Advanced computing, Pune 411008, India.
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Yamagata F, Ogata R, Koda Y, Yamamoto M, Suga A, Kanauchi N, Kohzuma T, Kawazu S. Characteristics of individuals who developed type 2 diabetes from prediabetes despite undergoing interventions, and evaluation of the performance of urinary myo- inositol as a risk factor for developing diabetes. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:177-185. [PMID: 37817552 PMCID: PMC10804923 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to clarify the characteristics of individuals with prediabetes who developed type 2 diabetes despite undergoing interventions, and to evaluate the performance of urinary myo-inositol (UMI) as a noninvasive indicator for the risk of developing diabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 51 individuals with prediabetes who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, ΔUMI (the difference in the UMI : creatinine ratio between before and 120 min after 75-g glucose loading), fasting plasma glucose, insulin, hemoglobin A1c, noninvasive testing (age, body mass index, blood pressure) and general blood tests were measured at baseline, and underwent dietary/exercise guidance for 8 years were studied. RESULTS A total of 31 participants developed diabetes in 8 years. At baseline, the group that developed diabetes was characterized by high ΔUMI, hemoglobin A1c, fasting plasma glucose and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and insulinogenic index (I.I.). I.I and ΔUMI showed a higher correlation than fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c. Regarding diabetes onset within 8 years, Cox regression analysis of diabetes onset showed the baseline ΔUMI is an independent predictor, adjusted for the result of not only noninvasive markers, but also that of noninvasive and general blood markers. The log-rank test showed that all glycemic indicators were significantly associated with diabetes onset. CONCLUSION Participants who developed type 2 diabetes from prediabetes despite undergoing interventions were characterized by high glycemic control markers and low I.I. As noninvasive measurement of ΔUMI is associated with I.I. and diabetes onset, it could be a useful indicator for identifying individuals with a high risk of diabetes onset.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rei Ogata
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health CareTokyoJapan
| | - Yoko Koda
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health CareTokyoJapan
| | | | - Atsuko Suga
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health CareTokyoJapan
| | - Noriko Kanauchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Makuhari Human CareTohto UniversityChibaJapan
| | | | - Shoji Kawazu
- Genki Plaza Medical Center for Health CareTokyoJapan
- Clinic of the Institute of Medical Science Asahi Life FoundationTokyoJapan
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11
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Wang G, Song S, Shen WB, Reece EA, Yang P. MicroRNA-322 overexpression reduces neural tube defects in diabetic pregnancies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2024; 230:254.e1-254.e13. [PMID: 37531989 PMCID: PMC10828117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia from pregestational diabetes mellitus induces neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Folate supplementation is the only effective way to prevent neural tube defects; however, some cases of neural tube defects are resistant to folate. Excess folate has been linked to higher maternal cancer risk and infant allergy. Therefore, additional interventions are needed. Understanding the mechanisms underlying maternal diabetes mellitus-induced neural tube defects can identify potential targets for preventing such defects. Despite not yet being in clinical use, growing evidence suggests that microRNAs are important intermediates in embryonic development and can serve as both biomarkers and drug targets for disease intervention. Our previous studies showed that maternal diabetes mellitus in vivo activates the inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α) in the developing embryo and that a high glucose condition in vitro reduces microRNA-322 (miR-322) levels. IRE1α is an RNA endonuclease; however, it is unknown whether IRE1α targets and degrades miR-322 specifically or whether miR-322 degradation leads to neural tube defects via apoptosis. We hypothesize that IRE1α can inhibit miR-322 in maternal diabetes mellitus-induced neural tube defects and that restoring miR-322 expression in developing neuroepithelium ameliorates neural tube defects. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify potential targets for preventing maternal diabetes mellitus-induced neural tube defects and to investigate the roles and relationship of a microRNA and an RNA endonuclease in mouse embryos exposed to maternal diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN To determine whether miR-322 reduction is necessary for neural tube defect formation in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus, male mice carrying a transgene expressing miR-322 were mated with nondiabetic or diabetic wide-type female mice to generate embryos with or without miR-322 overexpression. At embryonic day 8.5 when the neural tube is not yet closed, embryos were harvested for the assessment of 3 miR-322 transcripts (primary, precursor, and mature miR-322), tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), and neuroepithelium cell survival. Neural tube defect incidences were determined in embryonic day 10.5 embryos when the neural tube should be closed if there is no neural tube defect formation. To identify which miR-322 transcript is affected by maternal diabetes mellitus and high glucose conditions, 3 miR-322 transcripts were assessed in embryos from dams with or without diabetes mellitus and in C17.2 mouse neural stem cells treated with different concentrations of glucose and at different time points. To determine whether the endonuclease IRE1α targets miR-322, small interfering RNA knockdown of IRE1α or overexpression of inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α by DNA plasmid transfection was used to determine the effect of IRE1α deficiency or overexpression on miR-322 expression. RNA immunoprecipitation was performed to reveal the direct targets of inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α. RESULTS Maternal diabetes mellitus suppressed miR-322 expression in the developing neuroepithelium. Restoring miR-322 expression in the neuroepithelium blocked maternal diabetes mellitus-induced caspase-3 and caspase-8 cleavage and cell apoptosis, leading to a neural tube defect reduction. Reversal of maternal diabetes mellitus-inhibited miR-322 via transgenic overexpression prevented TRAF3 up-regulation in embryos exposed to maternal diabetes mellitus. Activated IRE1α acted as an endonuclease and degraded precursor miR-322, resulting in mature miR-322 reduction. CONCLUSION This study supports the crucial role of the IRE1α-microRNA-TRAF3 circuit in the induction of neuroepithelial cell apoptosis and neural tube defect formation in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus and identifies IRE1α and miR-322 as potential targets for preventing maternal diabetes mellitus-induced neural tube defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglei Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shicong Song
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Wei-Bin Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - E Albert Reece
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Peixin Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
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12
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Lyons-Reid J, Derraik JGB, Kenealy T, Albert BB, Ramos Nieves JM, Monnard CR, Titcombe P, Nield H, Barton SJ, El-Heis S, Tham E, Godfrey KM, Chan SY, Cutfield WS. Impact of preconception and antenatal supplementation with myo- inositol, probiotics, and micronutrients on offspring BMI and weight gain over the first 2 years. BMC Med 2024; 22:39. [PMID: 38287349 PMCID: PMC10826220 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03246-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutritional intervention preconception and throughout pregnancy has been proposed as an approach to promoting healthy postnatal weight gain in the offspring but few randomised trials have examined this. METHODS Measurements of weight and length were obtained at multiple time points from birth to 2 years among 576 offspring of women randomised to receive preconception and antenatally either a supplement containing myo-inositol, probiotics, and additional micronutrients (intervention) or a standard micronutrient supplement (control). We examined the influence on age- and sex-standardised BMI at 2 years (WHO standards, adjusting for study site, sex, maternal parity, smoking and pre-pregnancy BMI, and gestational age), together with the change in weight, length, BMI from birth, and weight gain trajectories using latent class growth analysis. RESULTS At 2 years, there was a trend towards lower mean BMI among intervention offspring (adjusted mean difference [aMD] - 0.14 SD [95% CI 0.30, 0.02], p = 0.09), and fewer had a BMI > 95th percentile (i.e. > 1.65 SD, 9.2% vs 18.0%, adjusted risk ratio [aRR] 0.51 [95% CI 0.31, 0.82], p = 0.006). Longitudinal data revealed that intervention offspring had a 24% reduced risk of experiencing rapid weight gain > 0.67 SD in the first year of life (21.9% vs 31.1%, aRR 0.76 [95% CI 0.58, 1.00], p = 0.047). The risk was likewise decreased for sustained weight gain > 1.34 SD in the first 2 years of life (7.7% vs 17.1%, aRR 0.55 [95% CI 0.34, 0.88], p = 0.014). From five weight gain trajectories identified, there were more intervention offspring in the "normal" weight gain trajectory characterised by stable weight SDS around 0 SD from birth to 2 years (38.8% vs 30.1%, RR 1.29 [95% CI 1.03, 1.62], p = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS Supplementation with myo-inositol, probiotics, and additional micronutrients preconception and in pregnancy reduced the incidence of rapid weight gain and obesity at 2 years among offspring. Previous reports suggest these effects will likely translate to health benefits, but longer-term follow-up is needed to evaluate this. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02509988 (Universal Trial Number U1111-1171-8056). Registered on 16 July 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaz Lyons-Reid
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - José G B Derraik
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Paediatrics: Child and Youth Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Environmental-Occupational Health Sciences and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Timothy Kenealy
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine and Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Benjamin B Albert
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - J Manuel Ramos Nieves
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cathriona R Monnard
- Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences, Nestlé Research, Société Des Produits Nestlé S.A, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Phil Titcombe
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Heidi Nield
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sheila J Barton
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Sarah El-Heis
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Elizabeth Tham
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wayne S Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
- A Better Start - National Science Challenge, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Citarrella R, Chianetta R, Amodeo S, Mirarchi L, Licata A, Soresi M, Veronese N, Barbagallo M, Giannitrapani L. Effectiveness of a Food Supplement Based on Glucomannan, D-Chiro- Inositol, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume and Inulin in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Nutrients 2024; 16:249. [PMID: 38257142 PMCID: PMC10819678 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, such as insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, hypertension and abdominal obesity. Given the growing need to investigate food supplements with positive health effects, this study was aimed at testing the benefits of a specific supplement for people with MetS. Fifty-eight subjects with MetS and T2DM or impaired glucose tolerance assuming metformin, were randomly assigned to take a food supplement of glucomannan, D-chiro-inositol, Cinnamomum zeylanicum blume and inulin at a daily fixed dose of 4 g orally for four months. Body weight, waist circumference, plasma lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglyc-erides), plasma glycaemic profile and visceral adiposity index (VAI) were measured at baseline and after four months of supplementation. After 16 weeks, in subjects with T2DM or insulin resistance who took the supplement (+ metformin), there was a significant reduction in body weight and BMI (p < 0.0001), serum insulin (p < 0.05) and the HOMA index (p < 0.01), as well as in the lipaemic pattern, with a significant improvement in total serum cholesterol (p < 0.005), triglycerides (p < 0.03) and LDL (p < 0.02). Our study shows that the food supplement tested is a valid and safe alternative therapeutic approach in the management of MetS and all its resulting risk factors, as its efficacy has been demonstrated across anthropometric, glucose, lipid and hepatic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Citarrella
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Roberta Chianetta
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Simona Amodeo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Luigi Mirarchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Relevance and High Specialization Hospital Trust ARNAS Civico, Di Cristina, Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Anna Licata
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Maurizio Soresi
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Lydia Giannitrapani
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (R.C.); (R.C.); (S.A.); (A.L.); (M.S.); (N.V.)
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council, 90146 Palermo, Italy
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14
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Jin X. The inositol trisphosphate receptor can facilitate but does not initiate ventricular arrhythmogenesis. J Physiol 2024; 602:5-8. [PMID: 38010615 DOI: 10.1113/jp285786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
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15
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Liu X, Zhang B, Tian J, Han Y. Plasma metabolomics reveals the intervention mechanism of different types of exercise on chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depression rat model. Metab Brain Dis 2024; 39:1-13. [PMID: 37999885 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01310-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the effects of different types of exercise on the plasma metabolomics of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressed rats based on 1H-NMR metabolomics techniques, and to explore the potential mechanisms of exercise for the treatment of depression. Rats were randomly divided into blank control group (C), CUMS control group (D), pre-exercise with CUMS group (P), CUMS with aerobic exercise group, CUMS with resistance exercise group (R), and CUMS with aerobic + resistance exercise group (E). The corresponding protocol intervention was applied to each group of rats. Body weight, sucrose preference and open field tests were performed weekly during the experiment to evaluate the extent of depression in rats. Plasma samples from each group of rats were collected at the end of the experiment, and then the plasma was analyzed by 1H-NMR metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis methods to identify differential metabolites and perform metabolic pathway analysis. (1) Compared with the group D, the body weight, sucrose preference rate, and the number of crossings and standings in the different types of exercise groups were significantly improved (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01). (2) Compared to group C, a total of 15 differential metabolites associated with depression were screened in the plasma of rats in group D, involving 6 metabolic pathways. Group P can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: valine, lactate, inositol, glucose, phosphocreatine, acetoacetic acid. Group A can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: N-acetylglycoprotein, leucine, lactate, low density lipoprotein, glucose and acetoacetic acid. Group R can regulate the levels of 6 metabolites: choline, lactate, inositol, glucose, phosphocreatine and acetoacetic acid. Group E can regulate the levels of 5 metabolites: choline, citric acid, glucose, acetone and acetoacetic acid. The different types of exercise groups can improve the depressive symptoms in CUMS rats, and there are common metabolites and metabolic pathways for their mechanism of effects. This study provides a powerful analytical tool to study the mechanism of the antidepressant effect of exercise, and provides an important method and basis for the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Liu
- School of Physical Education, Huainan Normal University, Huainan, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Changji Vocational and Technical College, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junsheng Tian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yumei Han
- School of Physical Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Vijayapoopathi S, Ramamoorthy R, Meganathan J, Kalaiyazhagan A, Bhuvarahamurthy S, Venugopal B. Nutraceutical combination ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:1578-1587. [PMID: 37705136 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects both localized and systemic regions of the body. This condition is characterized by the hyperproliferation of keratinocytes, resulting in skin thickening, scaling, and erythema. The severity of psoriasis depends on the extent of skin involvement, the location of the infection, and the symptoms that the person exhibits. While no cure exists, conventional therapies such as topical and systemic drugs are generally used to manage the exacerbation of symptoms. However, chronic use and overdose can lead to other severe adverse effects. Therefore, scientists and researchers are exploring potential nutraceuticals that can be considered as an alternative source of management for psoriasis. Current research aims to use different combinations of natural compounds like cannabidiol, myo-inositol, eicosapentaenoic acid, and krill oil to study the effect of these compounds in the prevention and treatment of psoriasis in the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic mice model. The Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scoring system is used to analyze skin thickness, scales, and erythema. The results indicate that the krill oil combined with the cannabidiol and myo-inositol shows better results than other nutraceutical combinations. In the future, the natural products of krill oil can be combined with cannabidiol and myo-inositol to create an improved alternative to existing steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Singaravel Vijayapoopathi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Rajalakshmi Ramamoorthy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Studies, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Jayaprakash Meganathan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Ananthi Kalaiyazhagan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
| | | | - Bhuvarahamurthy Venugopal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM Post-Graduation Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Chennai, India
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Delang N, Irwin C, Peek AL, McGregor IS, Desbrow B, McCartney D. The effect of contact/collision sport participation without concussion on neurometabolites: A systematic review and meta-analysis of magnetic resonance spectroscopy studies. J Neurochem 2023; 167:615-632. [PMID: 37908148 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to systematically review prior research investigating the effects of contact/collision sport participation on neurometabolite levels in the absence of concussion. Four online databases were searched to identify studies that measured neurometabolite levels in contact/collision sport athletes (without concussion) using proton (1 H) or phosphorus (31 P) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). All study designs were acceptable for inclusion. Meta-analytic procedures were used to quantify the effect of contact/collision sport participation on neurometabolite levels and explore the impact of specific moderating factors (where sufficient data were available). Narrative synthesis was used to describe outcomes that could not be meta-analysed. Nine observational studies involving 300 contact/collision sport athletes were identified. Six studies (providing 112 effect estimates) employed longitudinal (cohort) designs and three (that could not be meta-analysed) employed case-control designs. N-acetylaspartate (NAA; g = -0.331, p = 0.013) and total creatine (tCr; creatine + phosphocreatine; g = -0.524, p = 0.029), but not glutamate-glutamine (Glx), myo-inositol (mI) or total choline (tCho; choline-containing compounds; p's > 0.05), decreased between the pre-season and mid-/post-season period. Several moderators were statistically significant, including: sex (Glx: 6 female/23 male, g = -0.549, p = 0.013), sport played (Glx: 22 American football/4 association football [soccer], g = 0.724, p = 0.031), brain region (mI: 2 corpus callosum/9 motor cortex, g = -0.804, p = 0.015), and the MRS quantification approach (mI: 18 absolute/3 tCr-referenced, g = 0.619, p = 0.003; and tCho: 18 absolute/3 tCr-referenced, g = 0.554, p = 0.005). In case-control studies, contact/collision sport athletes had higher levels of mI, but not NAA or tCr compared to non-contact sport athletes and non-athlete controls. Overall, this review suggests that contact/collision sport participation has the potential to alter neurometabolites measured via 1 H MRS in the absence of concussion. However, further research employing more rigorous and consistent methodologies (e.g. interventional studies with consistent 1 H MRS pulse sequences and quantifications) is required to confirm and better understand the clinical relevance of observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Delang
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Queensland Academy of Sport, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher Irwin
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Aimie L Peek
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Iain S McGregor
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ben Desbrow
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Danielle McCartney
- Faculty of Science, School of Psychology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Lambert Initiative for Cannabinoid Therapeutics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Shen Y, Zhao W, Monroig Ó, Bao Y, Zhu T, Jiao L, Sun P, Tocher DR, Zhou Q, Jin M. High-fat-diet induced inflammation and apoptosis via activation of Ire1α in liver and hepatocytes of black seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii). Fish Shellfish Immunol 2023; 143:109212. [PMID: 37926203 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to reveal the role of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (Ire1α) in mediating high-fat-diet (HFD) induced inflammation and apoptosis in fish and elucidate underling mechanisms of action. In experiment 1, black seabream juveniles were fed a control diet (Control, 12 % dietary lipid) or a high fat diet (HFD, 19 % dietary lipid) for eight weeks. In experiment 2, primary hepatocytes were isolated from black seabream juveniles and treated with oleic acid (OA, 200 μmol/L), OA + transfection with non-silencing control siRNA (negative control) (OA + NC), and OA + transfection with ire1α-small interfering RNA (OA + siire1α) for 48 h versus untreated (Control). Results indicated that fish fed HFD increased lipid deposition in the liver and caused hepatic steatosis. HFD group had significantly higher ire1α/Ire1α mRNA and phosphorylated protein expression and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related genes expression compared to the Control group, indicating that ERS was triggered. Meanwhile, feeding HFD induced inflammation and apoptosis by evaluated nuclear factor kappa B (nf-κb) mRNA and phosphorylated Nf-κb p65 protein expression, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (jnk) mRNA and protein expression. However, knock down of ire1α (OA + siire1α) in primary hepatocytes alleviated OA-induced increased expression of ire1α/Ire1α mRNA and protein expression, nf-κb/Nf-κb p65 mRNA and phosphorylated protein expression, and jnk/Jnk mRNA and phosphorylated protein expression. These findings revealed the underling mechanism of action of HFD in fish, confirming that HFD increased ESR stress and Ire1α that, in turn, activated Nf-κb and Jnk pathways in hepatocytes and liver mediating HFD-induced inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuedong Shen
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Wenli Zhao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Óscar Monroig
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, 12595, Castellón, Spain
| | - Yangguang Bao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Tingting Zhu
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Lefei Jiao
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Douglas R Tocher
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou, 515063, China
| | - Qicun Zhou
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
| | - Min Jin
- Laboratory of Fish and Shellfish Nutrition, School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Aquacultural Biotechnology Ministry of Education, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Green Mariculture (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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Cordero-Varela JA, Reyes-Corral M, Lao-Pérez M, Fernández-Santos B, Montenegro-Elvira F, Sempere L, Ybot-González P. Analysis of Gut Characteristics and Microbiota Changes with Maternal Supplementation in a Neural Tube Defect Mouse Model. Nutrients 2023; 15:4944. [PMID: 38068802 PMCID: PMC10708240 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adequate nutrient supply is crucial for the proper development of the embryo. Although nutrient supply is determined by maternal diet, the gut microbiota also influences nutrient availability. While currently there is no cure for neural tube defects (NTDs), their prevention is largely amenable to maternal folic acid and inositol supplementation. The gut microbiota also contributes to the production of these nutrients, which are absorbed by the host, but its role in this context remains largely unexplored. In this study, we performed a functional and morphological analysis of the intestinal tract of loop-tail mice (Vangl2 mutants), a mouse model of folate/inositol-resistant NTDs. In addition, we investigated the changes in gut microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing regarding (1) the host genotype; (2) the sample source for metagenomics analysis; (3) the pregnancy status in the gestational window of neural tube closure; (4) folic acid and (5) D-chiro-inositol supplementation. We observed that Vangl2+/Lp mice showed no apparent changes in gastrointestinal transit time or fecal output, yet exhibited increased intestinal length and cecal weight and gut dysbiosis. Moreover, our results showed that the mice supplemented with folic acid and D-chiro-inositol had significant changes in their microbiota composition, which are changes that could have implications for nutrient absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Cordero-Varela
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.A.C.-V.); (M.L.-P.); (B.F.-S.); (F.M.-E.); (L.S.)
| | - Marta Reyes-Corral
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.A.C.-V.); (M.L.-P.); (B.F.-S.); (F.M.-E.); (L.S.)
| | - Miguel Lao-Pérez
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.A.C.-V.); (M.L.-P.); (B.F.-S.); (F.M.-E.); (L.S.)
| | - Beatriz Fernández-Santos
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.A.C.-V.); (M.L.-P.); (B.F.-S.); (F.M.-E.); (L.S.)
| | - Fernando Montenegro-Elvira
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.A.C.-V.); (M.L.-P.); (B.F.-S.); (F.M.-E.); (L.S.)
| | - Lluis Sempere
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.A.C.-V.); (M.L.-P.); (B.F.-S.); (F.M.-E.); (L.S.)
| | - Patricia Ybot-González
- Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS)/Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, 41013 Seville, Spain; (J.A.C.-V.); (M.L.-P.); (B.F.-S.); (F.M.-E.); (L.S.)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Spain
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20
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Tortolini C, Gigli V, Rizzo F, Lenzi A, Bizzarri M, Angeloni A, Antiochia R. Stereoselective Voltammetric Biosensor for Myo- Inositol and D-Chiro-Inositol Recognition. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:9211. [PMID: 38005597 PMCID: PMC10674735 DOI: 10.3390/s23229211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the development of a simple voltammetric biosensor for the stereoselective discrimination of myo-inositol (myo-Ins) and D-chiro-inositol (D-chiro-Ins) by means of bovine serum albumin (BSA) adsorption onto a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) graphite screen-printed electrode (MWCNT-GSPE), previously functionalized by the electropolymerization of methylene blue (MB). After a morphological characterization, the enantioselective biosensor platform was electrochemically characterized after each modification step by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show that the binding affinity between myo-Ins and BSA was higher than that between D-chiro-Ins and BSA, confirming the different interactions exhibited by the novel BSA/MB/MWCNT/GSPE platform towards the two diastereoisomers. The biosensor showed a linear response towards both stereoisomers in the range of 2-100 μM, with LODs of 0.5 and 1 μM for myo-Ins and D-chiro-Ins, respectively. Moreover, a stereoselectivity coefficient α of 1.6 was found, with association constants of 0.90 and 0.79, for the two stereoisomers, respectively. Lastly, the proposed biosensor allowed for the determination of the stereoisomeric composition of myo-/D-chiro-Ins mixtures in commercial pharmaceutical preparations, and thus, it is expected to be successfully applied in the chiral analysis of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs of forensic interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tortolini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.T.); (V.G.); (F.R.); (A.L.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Valeria Gigli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.T.); (V.G.); (F.R.); (A.L.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Flavio Rizzo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.T.); (V.G.); (F.R.); (A.L.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Andrea Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.T.); (V.G.); (F.R.); (A.L.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Mariano Bizzarri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.T.); (V.G.); (F.R.); (A.L.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Antonio Angeloni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy; (C.T.); (V.G.); (F.R.); (A.L.); (M.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Riccarda Antiochia
- Department of Chemistry and Drug Technologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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21
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Han H, Weng Y, Liang H, Yi C, Lin K, Wu H, Xiao J, Han C. Persistent neuroinflammation of the right insular cortex in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a proton MRS study. Clin Rheumatol 2023; 42:3059-3066. [PMID: 37442888 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-023-06680-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) was to use proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to compare the levels of five neurometabolites in the right and left insular cortexes of subjects in three groups: JIA-active, JIA-inactive, and healthy controls (HCs). METHODS Two inflammation markers and five psychometric scores were determined. 1H-MRS was used to measure the levels of total N-acetylaspartate (NAA), total choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), and glutamate (Glu), and the complex of glutamine and glutamate (Glx) relative to total creatine (tCr) in the right and left insular cortexes of participants. RESULTS Intra-group comparisons indicated that each group had higher levels of NAA/tCr, Glu/tCr, Glx/tCr, and mI/tCr in the right insula, and higher levels of Cho/tCr in the left insula. Inter-group comparisons of the right insula indicated that the JIA-active and JIA-inactive groups had higher levels of Cho/tCr than the HC group, but none of the other inter-group differences were statistically significant. The score of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDCD) had an inverse correlation with the level of Cho/tCr in the right insular cortex of patients in the JIA-inactive group. CONCLUSIONS Relative to the HC group, the right insular cortex of subjects in the JIA-active and the JIA-inactive groups had greater levels of Cho/tCr, suggesting increased inflammation in this region. The Cho/tCr level in the right insular cortex had an inverse correlation with SDCD score in the JIA-inactive group. Key Points • Healthy controls and JIA patients had higher levels of tNAA/tCr, Glu/tCr, Glx/tCr, and mI/tCr in the right insula, and higher levels of Cho/tCr in the left insula. • A greater level of Cho/tCr in the right insula of JIA-active and JIA-inactive patients indicated neuroinflammation in this region. • The Cho/tCr level in the right insular cortex had an inverse correlation with SDCD score in the JIA-inactive group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiwei Han
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yifei Weng
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hongyan Liang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Cuili Yi
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Kezhao Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Minnan PET Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, 55 Zhenhai Road, Siming District, Xiammen, 361003, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jihong Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Chengkun Han
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
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22
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Brumbaugh JE, Bell EF, Hirsch SC, Crenshaw EG, DeMauro SB, Adams-Chapman IS, Lowe JR, Natarajan G, Wyckoff MH, Vohr BR, Colaizy TT, Harmon HM, Watterberg KL, Hintz SR. Relationships between retinopathy of prematurity without ophthalmologic intervention and neurodevelopment and vision at 2 years. Pediatr Res 2023; 94:1720-1730. [PMID: 34686832 PMCID: PMC9023615 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01778-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is associated with adverse outcomes. Relationships between milder ROP and outcomes have not been defined. We hypothesized that children with ROP stage ≤3 who did not receive ophthalmologic intervention would have worse motor, cognitive, and language skills and more vision abnormalities than children without ROP. METHODS This was a secondary analysis of a randomized trial evaluating the effects of myo-inositol on ROP in the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Primary outcomes were Bayley Scales of Infant Development composite scores; secondary outcomes included behavioral difficulties and ophthalmologic measures. Outcomes were compared using adjusted linear or modified Poisson models. RESULTS Of 506 children, 173 (34%) had no ROP, 262 (52%) had ROP stage ≤3 without intervention, and 71 (14%) had ROP with intervention. There was no difference in motor, cognitive, or language scores between children with ROP stage ≤3 without intervention and children without ROP. Children with ROP stage ≤3 without intervention had a higher rate of strabismus compared to children without ROP (p = 0.040). CONCLUSION Children with ROP stage ≤3 without intervention did not have adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years' corrected age compared to children without ROP but did have an increased incidence of strabismus. IMPACT This study addresses a gap in the literature regarding the relationship between milder forms of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) that regress without intervention and neurodevelopment and vision outcomes. Children with a history of ROP stage ≤3 without intervention have similar neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years' corrected age as children born extremely preterm without a history of ROP and better outcomes than children with a history of ROP with ophthalmologic intervention. Counseling about likely neurodevelopment and vision outcomes for children born extremely preterm with a history of ROP may be tailored based on the severity of ROP. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID: Inositol to Reduce Retinopathy of Prematurity Trial: NCT01954082.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Brumbaugh
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Edward F Bell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Shawn C Hirsch
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Emma G Crenshaw
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Division, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sara B DeMauro
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jean R Lowe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Girija Natarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Myra H Wyckoff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Betty R Vohr
- Department of Pediatrics, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tarah T Colaizy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Heidi M Harmon
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Susan R Hintz
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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23
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Yeh CW, Feng CC, Chen PL, Jhou YJ, Hou DR. Enantioselective Synthesis of Nabscessin C. J Org Chem 2023; 88:13528-13534. [PMID: 37681712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective synthesis of nabscessin C (1), an aminocyclitol amide with antimicrobial activity, is reported. Starting from myo-inositol, (+)-nabscessin C was synthesized in 12 isolation steps. Desymmetrization of 2-deoxygenated 4,6-dibenzylinositol was achieved using lipase from porcine pancreas (PPL), and the stereochemistry was established by X-ray crystallography. This method has the potential for synthesizing other cyclitol-derived compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Wei Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Feng
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Lin Chen
- Instrument Center, National Tsing Hua University, 101 Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jhen Jhou
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
| | - Duen-Ren Hou
- Department of Chemistry, National Central University, 300 Jhong-Da Road, Jhong-Li, Taoyuan 320317, Taiwan
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24
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Wu M, Du Y, Zhang C, Li Z, Li Q, Qi E, Ruan W, Feng S, Zhou H. Mendelian Randomization Study of Lipid Metabolites Reveals Causal Associations with Heel Bone Mineral Density. Nutrients 2023; 15:4160. [PMID: 37836445 PMCID: PMC10574167 DOI: 10.3390/nu15194160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis, which is a bone disease, is characterized by low bone mineral density and an increased risk of fractures. The heel bone mineral density is often used as a representative measure of overall bone mineral density. Lipid metabolism, which includes processes such as fatty acid metabolism, glycerol metabolism, inositol metabolism, bile acid metabolism, carnitine metabolism, ketone body metabolism, sterol and steroid metabolism, etc., may have an impact on changes in bone mineral density. While some studies have reported correlations between lipid metabolism and heel bone mineral density, the overall causal relationship between metabolites and heel bone mineral density remains unclear. OBJECTIVE to investigate the causal relationship between lipid metabolites and heel bone mineral density using two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. METHODS Summary-level data from large-scale genome-wide association studies were extracted to identify genetic variants linked to lipid metabolite levels. These genetic variants were subsequently employed as instrumental variables in Mendelian randomization analysis to estimate the causal effects of each lipid metabolite on heel bone mineral density. Furthermore, metabolites that could potentially be influenced by causal relationships with bone mineral density were extracted from the KEGG and WikiPathways databases. The causal associations between these downstream metabolites and heel bone mineral density were then examined. Lastly, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the robustness of the results and address potential sources of bias. RESULTS A total of 130 lipid metabolites were analyzed, and it was found that acetylcarnitine, propionylcarnitine, hexadecanedioate, tetradecanedioate, myo-inositol, 1-arachidonoylglycerophosphorine, 1-linoleoylglycerophoethanolamine, and epiandrosterone sulfate had a causal relationship with heel bone mineral density (p < 0.05). Furthermore, our findings also indicate an absence of causal association between the downstream metabolites associated with the aforementioned metabolites identified in the KEGG and WikiPathways databases and heel bone mineral density. CONCLUSION This work supports the hypothesis that lipid metabolites have an impact on bone health through demonstrating a causal relationship between specific lipid metabolites and heel bone mineral density. This study has significant implications for the development of new strategies to osteoporosis prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxin Wu
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Yufei Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Enlin Qi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Wendong Ruan
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shiqing Feng
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Hengxing Zhou
- National Spinal Cord Injury International Cooperation Base, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury, Department of Orthopedics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University Centre for Orthopaedics, Advanced Medical Research Institute, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250013, China
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25
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Olufunmilayo EO, Holsinger RMD. INPP5D/SHIP1: Expression, Regulation and Roles in Alzheimer's Disease Pathophysiology. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1845. [PMID: 37895194 PMCID: PMC10606568 DOI: 10.3390/genes14101845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, accounting for approximately 38.5 million cases of all-cause dementia. Over 60% of these individuals live in low- and middle-income countries and are the worst affected, especially by its deleterious effects on the productivity of both patients and caregivers. Numerous risk factors for the disease have been identified and our understanding of gene-environment interactions have shed light on several gene variants that contribute to the most common, sporadic form of AD. Microglial cells, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), have long been established as guardians of the brain by providing neuroprotection and maintaining cellular homeostasis. A protein with a myriad of effects on various important signaling pathways that is expressed in microglia is the Src Homology 2 (SH2) domain-containing Inositol 5' Phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) protein. Encoded by the INPP5D (Inositol Polyphosphate-5-Phosphatase D) gene, SHIP1 has diminutive effects on most microglia signaling processes. Polymorphisms of the INPP5D gene have been found to be associated with a significantly increased risk of AD. Several studies have elucidated mechanistic processes by which SHIP1 exerts its perturbations on signaling processes in peripheral immune cells. However, current knowledge of the controllers of INPP5D/SHIP1 expression and the idiosyncrasies of its influences on signaling processes in microglia and their relevance to AD pathophysiology is limited. In this review, we summarize these discoveries and discuss the potential of leveraging INPP5D/SHIP1 as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward O. Olufunmilayo
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Department of Medicine, University College Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Road, Oritamefa, Ibadan 2002012, Nigeria
| | - R. M. Damian Holsinger
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Dementia, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Neuroscience, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Fan Y, Peng F, Cui R, Wang S, Cui Y, Lu X, Huang H, Ni K, Liu X, Jiang T, Feng X, Liu M, Lei Y, Chen W, Meng Y, Han M, Wang D, Yin Z, Chen X, Wang J, Li Y, Guo L, Zhao L, Ye W. GhIMP10D, an inositol monophosphates family gene, enhances ascorbic acid and antioxidant enzyme activities to confer alkaline tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum L. BMC Plant Biol 2023; 23:447. [PMID: 37736713 PMCID: PMC10515029 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04462-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inositol monophosphates (IMP) are key enzymes in the ascorbic acid (AsA) synthesis pathways, which play vital roles in regulating plant growth and development and stresses tolerance. To date, no comprehensive analysis of the expression profile of IMP genes and their functions under abiotic stress in cotton has been reported. RESULTS In this study, the genetic characteristics, phylogenetic evolution, cis-acting elements and expression patterns of IMP gene family in cotton were systematically analyzed. A total of 28, 27, 13 and 13 IMP genes were identified in Gossypium hirsutum (G. hirsutum), Gossypium barbadense (G. barbadense), Gossypium arboreum (G. arboreum), and Gossypium raimondii (G. raimondii), respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that IMP family genes could cluster into 3 clades. Structure analysis of genes showed that GhIMP genes from the same subgroup had similar genetic structure and exon number. And most GhIMP family members contained hormone-related elements (abscisic acid response element, MeJA response element, gibberellin response element) and stress-related elements (low temperature response element, defense and stress response element, wound response element). After exogenous application of abscisic acid (ABA), some GhIMP genes containing ABA response elements positively responded to alkaline stress, indicating that ABA response elements played an important role in response to alkaline stress. qRT-PCR showed that most of GhIMP genes responded positively to alkaline stress, and GhIMP10D significantly upregulated under alkaline stress, with the highest up-regulated expression level. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) experiment showed that compared with 156 plants, MDA content of pYL156:GhIMP10D plants increased significantly, while POD, SOD, chlorophyII and AsA content decreased significantly. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a thorough overview of the IMP gene family and presents a new perspective on the evolution of this gene family. In particular, some IMP genes may be involved in alkaline stress tolerance regulation, and GhIMP10D showed high expression levels in leaves, stems and roots under alkaline stress, and preliminary functional verification of GhIMP10D gene suggested that it may regulate tolerance to alkaline stress by regulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the content of AsA. This study contributes to the subsequent broader discussion of the structure and alkaline resistance of IMP genes in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yapeng Fan
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Fanjia Peng
- Hunan Institute of Cotton Science, Hunan, 415101, China
| | - Ruifeng Cui
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yupeng Cui
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xuke Lu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Kesong Ni
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Tiantian Jiang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xixian Feng
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Mengyue Liu
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yuqian Lei
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Wenhua Chen
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yuan Meng
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Mingge Han
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Delong Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Zujun Yin
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Xiugui Chen
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Junjuan Wang
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Hunan Institute of Cotton Science, Hunan, 415101, China
| | - Lixue Guo
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Lanjie Zhao
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China
| | - Wuwei Ye
- Institute of Cotton Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Research Base, National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-Breeding and Integrated Utilization, Anyang Institute of Technology, Henan, 455000, China.
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Liu F, Li MX, Wang Y, Tang W. [Effect of moxibustion on inositol requiring enzyme 1 / X-box binding protein 1 pathway in hippocampal CA1 region of rats with vascular dementia]. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2023; 48:746-53. [PMID: 37614132 DOI: 10.13702/j.1000⁃0607.20221167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of moxibustion at Governor Vessel acupoints on inositol requiring enzyme 1 (IRE1) / X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) pathway in hippocampal CA1 region of rats with vascular dementia (VD), so as to explore its mechanisms in the treatment of VD. METHODS Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal, sham operation, model, moxibustion (Moxi) and medication groups (n=12). The VD model was established by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries. For rats of the Moxi group, mild moxibustion was given to "Baihui" (GV20), "Dazhui" (GV14) and "Fengfu" (GV16) for 20 min each point, once a day for consecutive 6 days per week, for a total of 4 weeks. For rats of the medication group, intragastric perfusion of nimodipine was given 3 times each day with total dose of 2 mg•kg-1•d-1 for 4 weeks. Morris water maze test was used to detect the learning and memory ability of rats before and after modeling as well as after intervention. The apoptosis rate of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region was detected by TUNEL staining. The proteins and mRNA expression levels of IRE1, XBP1, B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) in hippocampal CA1 region were detected by Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. RESULTS Compared with the sham operation group, the average escape latency was significantly prolonged (P<0.01), the number of times crossing the original platform was significantly reduced (P<0.01), the apoptosis rate of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly increased (P<0.01), the proteins and mRNA expression levels of IRE1, XBP1 and Bax were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA were significantly decreased (P<0.01) in rats of the model group. After treatment, compared with the model group, the average escape latency was significantly shortened (P<0.01), the number of times crossing the original platform was increased (P<0.05), the apoptosis rate of nerve cells in hippocampal CA1 region was significantly decreased (P<0.01), the protein and mRNA expression levels of IRE1, XBP1 and Bax were decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA were increased (P<0.05, P<0.01) in rats of the Moxi group and medication group. There was no significant difference in the above indexes between the Moxi group and the medication group. CONCLUSION Moxibustion at the acupoints of Governor Vessel can improve the cognitive function of VD rats, and its mechanism may be related to regulating IRE1/XBP1 pathway, inhibiting the release of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, increasing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and thus inhibiting the apoptosis of hippocampal nerve cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Medicine, Anqing Medical College, Anqing 246052, Anhui Province, China
| | - Meng-Xing Li
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Physical Education, Anqing Normal University, Anqing 246113, Anhui Province
| | - Wei Tang
- College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230012
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28
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Eisenbeis VB, Qiu D, Gorka O, Strotmann L, Liu G, Prucker I, Su XB, Wilson MSC, Ritter K, Loenarz C, Groß O, Saiardi A, Jessen HJ. β-lapachone regulates mammalian inositol pyrophosphate levels in an NQO1- and oxygen-dependent manner. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2306868120. [PMID: 37579180 PMCID: PMC10450438 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306868120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs) are energetic signaling molecules with important functions in mammals. As their biosynthesis depends on ATP concentration, PP-InsPs are tightly connected to cellular energy homeostasis. Consequently, an increasing number of studies involve PP-InsPs in metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, aspects of tumorigenesis, and hyperphosphatemia. Research conducted in yeast suggests that the PP-InsP pathway is activated in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the precise modulation of PP-InsPs during cellular ROS signaling is unknown. Here, we report how mammalian PP-InsP levels are changing during exposure to exogenous (H2O2) and endogenous ROS. Using capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MS), we found that PP-InsP levels decrease upon exposure to oxidative stressors in HCT116 cells. Application of quinone drugs, particularly β-lapachone (β-lap), under normoxic and hypoxic conditions enabled us to produce ROS in cellulo and to show that β-lap treatment caused PP-InsP changes that are oxygen-dependent. Experiments in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells deficient of NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) demonstrated that β-lap requires NQO1 bioactivation to regulate the cellular metabolism of PP-InsPs. Critically, significant reductions in cellular ATP concentrations were not directly mirrored in reduced PP-InsP levels as shown in NQO1-deficient MDA-MB-231 cells treated with β-lap. The data presented here unveil unique aspects of β-lap pharmacology and its impact on PP-InsP levels. The identification of different quinone drugs as modulators of PP-InsP synthesis will allow the overall impact on cellular function of such drugs to be better appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena B. Eisenbeis
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
| | - Danye Qiu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
- The Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
| | - Oliver Gorka
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79106, Germany
| | - Lisa Strotmann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
| | - Guizhen Liu
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
- The Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
| | - Isabel Prucker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
| | - Xue Bessie Su
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BTLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Miranda S. C. Wilson
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BTLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Ritter
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
| | - Christoph Loenarz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
| | - Olaf Groß
- The Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
- Institute of Neuropathology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg79106, Germany
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- Medical Research Council, Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, WC1E 6BTLondon, United Kingdom
| | - Henning J. Jessen
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
- The Center for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau79104, Germany
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Deelchand DK, Eberly LE, McCarten JR, Hemmy LS, Auerbach EJ, Marjańska M. Scyllo- inositol: Transverse relaxation time constant at 3 T and concentration changes associated with aging and alcohol use. NMR Biomed 2023; 36:e4929. [PMID: 36940048 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The goals of this study were to measure the apparent transverse relaxation time constant, T2 , of scyllo-inositol (sIns) in young and older healthy adults' brains and to investigate the effect of alcohol usage on sIns in young and older healthy adults' brains, using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at 3 T. Twenty-nine young adults (age 21 ± 1 years) and 24 older adults (age 74 ± 3 years) participated in this study. MRS data were acquired from two brain regions (the occipital cortex and posterior cingulate cortex) at 3 T. The T2 of sIns was measured using a localization by adiabatic selective refocusing (LASER) sequence at various echo times, while the sIns concentrations were measured using a short-echo-time stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) sequence. A trend towards lower T2 relaxation values of sIns in older adults was observed, although these were not significant. sIns concentration was higher with age in both brain regions and was significantly higher in the young when considering alcohol consumption of more than two drinks per week. This study shows that differences in sIns can be found in two distinct regions of the brain across two age groups, potentially reflecting normal aging. In addition, it is important to take into account alcohol consumption when reporting the sIns level in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K Deelchand
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Lynn E Eberly
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Biostatistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - J Riley McCarten
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Laura S Hemmy
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Edward J Auerbach
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Małgorzata Marjańska
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, Department of Radiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Shukla D, Gural BM, Cauley ES, Battula N, Mowla S, Karas BF, Roberts LE, Cavallo L, Turkalj L, Moody SA, Swan LE, Manzini MC. Duplicated zebrafish (Danio rerio) inositol phosphatases inpp5ka and inpp5kb diverged in expression pattern and function. Dev Genes Evol 2023; 233:25-34. [PMID: 37184573 PMCID: PMC10239392 DOI: 10.1007/s00427-023-00703-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
One hurdle in the development of zebrafish models of human disease is the presence of multiple zebrafish orthologs resulting from whole genome duplication in teleosts. Mutations in inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase K (INPP5K) lead to a syndrome characterized by variable presentation of intellectual disability, brain abnormalities, cataracts, muscle disease, and short stature. INPP5K is a phosphatase acting at position 5 of phosphoinositides to control their homeostasis and is involved in insulin signaling, cytoskeletal regulation, and protein trafficking. Previously, our group and others have replicated the human phenotypes in zebrafish knockdown models by targeting both INPP5K orthologs inpp5ka and inpp5kb. Here, we show that inpp5ka is the more closely related orthologue to human INPP5K. While both inpp5ka and inpp5kb mRNA expression levels follow a similar trend in the developing head, eyes, and tail, inpp5ka is much more abundantly expressed in these tissues than inpp5kb. In situ hybridization revealed a similar trend, also showing unique localization of inpp5kb in the pineal gland and retina indicating different transcriptional regulation. We also found that inpp5kb has lost its catalytic activity against its preferred substrate, PtdIns(4,5)P2. Since most human mutations are missense changes disrupting phosphatase activity, we propose that loss of inpp5ka alone can be targeted to recapitulate the human presentation. In addition, we show that the function of inpp5kb has diverged from inpp5ka and may play a novel role in the zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhyanam Shukla
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Brian M Gural
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Edmund S Cauley
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Namarata Battula
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Shorbon Mowla
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Brittany F Karas
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Llion E Roberts
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Luca Cavallo
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Luka Turkalj
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Sally A Moody
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Laura E Swan
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Chiara Manzini
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology and Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 89 French Street, CHINJ Rm 3274, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA.
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31
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Zöllner HJ, Thiel TA, Füllenbach ND, Jördens MS, Ahn S, Wilms LM, Ljimani A, Häussinger D, Butz M, Wittsack HJ, Schnitzler A, Oeltzschner G. J-difference GABA-edited MRS reveals altered cerebello-thalamo-cortical metabolism in patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1221-1238. [PMID: 36729261 PMCID: PMC10897767 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a common neurological manifestation of liver cirrhosis and is characterized by an increase of ammonia in the brain accompanied by a disrupted neurotransmitter balance, including the GABAergic and glutamatergic systems. The aim of this study is to investigate metabolic abnormalities in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical system of HE patients using GABA-edited MRS and links between metabolite levels, disease severity, critical flicker frequency (CFF), motor performance scores, and blood ammonia levels. GABA-edited MRS was performed in 35 participants (16 controls, 19 HE patients) on a clinical 3 T MRI system. MRS voxels were placed in the right cerebellum, left thalamus, and left motor cortex. Levels of GABA+ and of other metabolites of interest (glutamine, glutamate, myo-inositol, glutathione, total choline, total NAA, and total creatine) were assessed. Group differences in metabolite levels and associations with clinical metrics were tested. GABA+ levels were significantly increased in the cerebellum of patients with HE. GABA+ levels in the motor cortex were significantly decreased in HE patients, and correlated with the CFF (r = 0.73; p < .05) and motor performance scores (r = -0.65; p < .05). Well-established HE-typical metabolite patterns (increased glutamine, decreased myo-inositol and total choline) were confirmed in all three regions and were closely linked to clinical metrics. In summary, our findings provide further evidence for alterations in the GABAergic system in the cerebellum and motor cortex in HE. These changes were accompanied by characteristic patterns of osmolytes and oxidative stress markers in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical system. These metabolic disturbances are a likely contributor to HE motor symptoms in HE. In patients with hepatic encephalopathy, GABA+ levels in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical loop are significantly increased in the cerebellum and significantly decreased in the motor cortex. GABA+ levels in the motor cortex strongly correlate with critical flicker frequency (CFF) and motor performance score (pegboard test tPEG), but not blood ammonia levels (NH3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Helge Jörn Zöllner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Thomas A Thiel
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nur-Deniz Füllenbach
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus S Jördens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | - Lena M Wilms
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alexandra Ljimani
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Markus Butz
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Wittsack
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Alfons Schnitzler
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Nirmal CR, Rajadas SE, Balasubramanian M, Mohanvel SK, Aathi MS, Munishankar S, Chilamakuru NB, Thiruvenkadam K, Pandiya Raj AK, Paraman R, Dusthackeer A. Myo inositol and methyl stearate increases rifampicin susceptibility among drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis expressing Rv1819c. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:883-895. [PMID: 36533863 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The alarming increase in multidrug resistance, which includes Bedaquiline and Delamanid, stumbles success in Tuberculosis treatment outcome. Mycobacterium tuberculosis gains resistance to rifampicin, which is one of the less toxic and potent anti-TB drugs, through genetic mutations predominantly besides efflux pump mediated drug resistance. In recent decades, scientific interventions are being carried out to overcome this hurdle using novel approaches to save this drug by combining it with other drugs/molecules or by use of high dose rifampicin. This study reports five small molecules namely Ellagic acid, Methyl Stearate, Myoinositol, Rutin, and Shikimic acid that exhibit synergistic inhibitory activity with rifampicin against resistant TB isolates. In-silico examinations revealed possible blocking of Rv1819c-an ABC transporter efflux pump that was known to confer resistance in M. tuberculosis to rifampicin. The synergistic anti-TB activity was assessed using a drug combination checkerboard assay. Efflux pump inhibition activity of ellagic acid, myoinositol, and methyl stearate was observed through ethidium bromide accumulation assay in the drug-resistant M. tuberculosis clinical strains and recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis expressing Rv1819c in coherence with the significant reduction in the minimum inhibitory concentration of rifampicin. Cytotoxicity of the active efflux inhibitors was tested using in silico and ex vivo methods. Myoinositol and methyl stearate were completely non-toxic to the hematological and epithelial cells of different organs under ex vivo conditions. Based on these findings, these molecules can be considered for adjunct TB therapy; however, their impact on other drugs of anti-TB regimen needs to be tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Naresh Babu Chilamakuru
- Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (RIPER), Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Ramalingam Paraman
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hajipur, India
| | - Azger Dusthackeer
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
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Liu M, Song Y, Zhang YHPJ, You C. Carrier-Free Immobilization of Multi-Enzyme Complex Facilitates In Vitro Synthetic Enzymatic Biosystem for Biomanufacturing. ChemSusChem 2023; 16:e202202153. [PMID: 36538347 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A method is developed for carrier-free immobilization of multi-enzyme complexes with more than four enzymes by utilization of polypeptide interactions (SpyCatcher-SpyTag and dockerin-cohesin) and enzyme component self-oligomerization. Two pairs of scaffoldins with different arrangements of SpyCatcher-SpyTag and cohesins are prepared to recruit the four dockerin-containing cascade enzymes (i. e., alpha-glucan phosphorylase, phosphoglucomutase, inositol 1-phosphate synthase, and inositol 1-phosphatase) that can convert starch into inositol, forming multi-enzyme complexes. These self-assembled enzyme complexes show higher initial reaction rates than the four-enzyme cocktail. Moreover, water-insoluble self-assembled multi-enzyme complexes are observed, being the carrier-free immobilized multi-enzyme complex aggregates. These immobilized enzyme complexes can be recycled easily by simple centrifuging followed by resuspension for another round of reaction. Not only can these immobilized enzyme complexes be obtained by mixing the purified enzyme components, but also by the mixing of crude cell extracts. Therefore, the strategy for the carrier-free immobilization of enzyme complex sheds light on improving the catalytic capability of in vitro synthetic enzymatic biosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Liu
- Department of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230022, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhong Song
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Heng P Job Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun You
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
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Zhao F, Zhang Y, Hu J, Shi C, Ao X, Wang S, Lin Y, Sun Z, Han S. Disruption of phosphate metabolism and sterol transport-related genes conferring yeast resistance to vanillin and rapid ethanol production. Bioresour Technol 2023; 369:128489. [PMID: 36528179 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vanillin is a potent growth-inhibiting factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae during lignocellulose biorefineries. Here, a haploid gene-deletion library was screened to search for vanillin-tolerant mutants and explain the possible tolerance mechanisms. Twenty-two deletion mutants were identified. The deleted genes in these mutants were involved in phosphate and inositol polyphosphate metabolism and intracellular sterol transport. Activation of the phosphate signaling pathway is not conducive to yeast against the pressure of vanillin. Furthermore, the findings indicate the role of inositol polyphosphates in altering vanillin tolerance by regulating phosphate metabolism. Meanwhile, reducing the transport of sterols from the plasma membrane enhanced tolerance to vanillin. In the presence of vanillin, the representative yeast deletions, pho84Δ and lam3Δ, showed good growth performance and promoted rapid ethanol production. Overall, this study identifies robust yeast strain alternatives for ethanol fermentation of cellulose and provides guidance for further genomic reconstruction of yeast strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguang Zhao
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jian Hu
- School of Light Industry and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ce Shi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiang Ao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Shengding Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying Lin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhongwei Sun
- Fleming Biological Pharmaceutical Limited Company, Nanning, 530031, China
| | - Shuangyan Han
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Hamed BI, Nafaa HH, Hussain FM. Effects of Dietary Supplementation of arginine-silicate- Inositol and Phytase Complex on Egg Quality, Egg Shell Strength, and Blood Biochemical Characteristics of Laying Hens. Arch Razi Inst 2023; 78:167-174. [PMID: 37312728 PMCID: PMC10258277 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2022.359331.2403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of Arginine silicate inositol complex (ASI; Arg=49.47 %, silicone=8.2 %, inositol=25%) supplementation on egg quality, shell strength, and blood biochemical traits of laying hens, as well as the effects of substituting inositol with varying concentrations of phytase on the traits as mentioned above. 90 Lohmann Brown laying hens, 26 weeks old, were randomly distributed in 6 treatments with 3 replicates (cage) and 5 birds per replicate. The isocaloric and isonitrogenic diets are used according to the age period requirements of the Lohmann Brown Classic management guideline. The treatments were as follows: 1ST treatment T1: received basal diet without additives, T2 received basal diet +1000 mg/kg arginine-silicate mixture (49.5±8.2 % respectively), T3 received basal diet +1000 mg/kg arginine-silicate- inositol (ASI) mixture (49.5, 8.2 , 25 % respectively), T4 received basal diet +1000 mg/kg arginine-silicate mixture (49.5±8.2% respectively) +500 FTU/kg, T5 received basal diet +1000 mg/kg arginine-silicate mixture (49.5±8.2% respectively) +1000 FTU/kg and T6 received basal diet +1000 mg/kg arginine-silicate mixture (49.5±8.2% respectively) +1000 FTU/kg +2000 FTU/kg. Results indicate a significant increase (P<0.05) in the relative yolk weight in T4, T5, and T6 (26.93, 26.83, 26.77%) compared to T1 (25.84%) and a significant increase (P≤ 0.05) in T4, T5 compared to T3 (26.02%), while no differences observed between T2 (26.17%) compared to other experimental treatments. The relative albumin weight significantly decreased (P≤0.05) in phytase supplementation treatments T4, T5, and T6 (63.21, 63.05, 63.22%) compared to T1, T2, T3 (64.99, 64.30, 64.08%), while a significant decrease (P≤0.05) observed in T3 compared to T1. The relative shell weight significantly increased (P≤0.05) in T3, T4, T5, and T6 (9.90, 9.86, 10.12, 10.02%), respectively, compared to T1, T2 (9.17, 9.53%) with a significant increase (P≤0.05) in relative shell weight in T2 compared to T1. The eggshell thickness significantly increased (P≤0.05) in T3, T4, T5, T6 treatments (0.409, 0.408, 0.411, 0.413 mm), respectively compared to T1, T2 (0.384, 0.391 mm). A significant increased (P≤0.05) was observed in eggshell thickness in T2 compared to T1. A significant increase (P≤0.05) was observed in the egg shell breaking strength in T3 and T5 treatments (59.40, 58.83) compared to T1 and T2 (46.20, 48.23). No significant differences were observed between T4 and T6 (53.90, 53.57) compared to other experimental treatments. Non HDL, calcium, and phosphorus levels in blood serum significantly increased (P≤0.05) in T3, T4, T5, and T6 treatments compared to T1 and T2 treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- B I Hamed
- Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - H H Nafaa
- College of Agriculture, University of Anbar, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - F M Hussain
- Office of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture, Baghdad, Iraq
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36
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Sahu S, Gordon J, Gu C, Sobhany M, Fiedler D, Stanley RE, Shears SB. Nucleolar Architecture Is Modulated by a Small Molecule, the Inositol Pyrophosphate 5-InsP 7. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13010153. [PMID: 36671538 PMCID: PMC9855682 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs); are a functionally diverse family of eukaryotic molecules that deploy a highly-specialized array of phosphate groups as a combinatorial cell-signaling code. One reductive strategy to derive a molecular-level understanding of the many actions of PP-InsPs is to individually characterize the proteins that bind them. Here, we describe an alternate approach that seeks a single, collective rationalization for PP-InsP binding to an entire group of proteins, i.e., the multiple nucleolar proteins previously reported to bind 5-InsP7 (5-diphospho-inositol-1,2,3,4,6-pentakisphosphate). Quantitative confocal imaging of the outer nucleolar granular region revealed its expansion when cellular 5-InsP7 levels were elevated by either (a) reducing the 5-InsP7 metabolism by a CRISPR-based knockout (KO) of either NUDT3 or PPIP5Ks; or (b), the heterologous expression of wild-type inositol hexakisphosphate kinase, i.e., IP6K2; separate expression of a kinase-dead IP6K2 mutant did not affect granular volume. Conversely, the nucleolar granular region in PPIP5K KO cells shrank back to the wild-type volume upon attenuating 5-InsP7 synthesis using either a pan-IP6K inhibitor or the siRNA-induced knockdown of IP6K1+IP6K2. Significantly, the inner fibrillar volume of the nucleolus was unaffected by 5-InsP7. We posit that 5-InsP7 acts as an 'electrostatic glue' that binds together positively charged surfaces on separate proteins, overcoming mutual protein-protein electrostatic repulsion the latter phenomenon is a known requirement for the assembly of a non-membranous biomolecular condensate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumyadip Sahu
- Inositol Signaling Group, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Jacob Gordon
- Nucleolar Integrity Group, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Keith Peters Building, Hills Rd, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
- Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council Stem Cell Institute, Jeffrey Cheah Biomedical Centre, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Chunfang Gu
- Inositol Signaling Group, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Mack Sobhany
- Nucleolar Integrity Group, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Dorothea Fiedler
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Str. 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robin E. Stanley
- Nucleolar Integrity Group, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Stephen B. Shears
- Inositol Signaling Group, Signal Transduction Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-984-287-3483
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Jiang KL, Liu CM, Nie LT, Jiang HN, Xu L, Zhang KZ, Fan LX, Gao AH, Lin LL, Wang XY, Tan MJ, Zhang QQ, Zhou YB, Li J. Discovery of toxoflavin, a potent IRE1α inhibitor acting through structure-dependent oxidative inhibition. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:234-243. [PMID: 35840659 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00949-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) is the most conserved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress sensor with two catalytic domains, kinase and RNase, in its cytosolic portion. IRE1α inhibitors have been used to improve existing clinical treatments against various cancers. In this study we identified toxoflavin (TXF) as a new-type potent small molecule IRE1α inhibitor. We used luciferase reporter systems to screen compounds that inhibited the IRE1α-XBP1s signaling pathway. As a result, TXF was found to be the most potent IRE1α RNase inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.226 μM. Its inhibitory potencies on IRE1α kinase and RNase were confirmed in a series of cellular and in vitro biochemical assays. Kinetic analysis showed that TXF caused time- and reducing reagent-dependent irreversible inhibition on IRE1α, implying that ROS might participate in the inhibition process. ROS scavengers decreased the inhibition of IRE1α by TXF, confirming that ROS mediated the inhibition process. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the thiol groups of four conserved cysteine residues (CYS-605, CYS-630, CYS-715 and CYS-951) in IRE1α were oxidized to sulfonic groups by ROS. In molecular docking experiments we affirmed the binding of TXF with IRE1α, and predicted its binding site, suggesting that the structure of TXF itself participates in the inhibition of IRE1α. Interestingly, CYS-951 was just near the docked site. In addition, the RNase IC50 and ROS production in vitro induced by TXF and its derivatives were negative correlated (r = -0.872). In conclusion, this study discovers a new type of IRE1α inhibitor that targets a predicted new alternative site located in the junction between RNase domain and kinase domain, and oxidizes conserved cysteine residues of IRE1α active sites to inhibit IRE1α. TXF could be used as a small molecule tool to study IRE1α's role in ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Long Jiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chang-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Li-Tong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hai-Ni Jiang
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Kun-Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Zhejiang Center for Medical Device Evaluation, Zhejiang Medical Products Administration, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Li-Xia Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - An-Hui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Lu-Lin Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Min-Jia Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Qi-Qing Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Shenzhen, 518020, China.
| | - Yu-Bo Zhou
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Jia Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563006, China.
- Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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Wang X, Wang K, Wang L, Luo H, Wang Y, Wang Y, Tu T, Qin X, Su X, Bai Y, Yao B, Huang H, Zhang J. Engineering Cupriavidus necator H16 for heterotrophic and autotrophic production of myo- inositol. Bioresour Technol 2023; 368:128321. [PMID: 36379295 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bioconversion of sustainable feedstocks to commodity chemicals is considered as an effective solution for transforming the fossil-based economy into a carbon-neutral model. Here, the CO2-fixing bacterium Cupriavidus necator H16 was exploited for myo-inositol production from renewable substrates. First, by introducing the glucose transportation system, the glucose consumption route was established. Second, two key enzymes involved in myo-inositol biosynthesis were screened and evaluated. A myo-inositol-producing strain was constructed via overexpression of myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and inositol monophosphatase from Escherichia coli. Finally, carbon flux redirection was achieved through disruption of Entner-Doudoroff pathway and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) synthesis pathway, resulting in a final myo-inositol production of 520.2, 1076.3 and 1054.8 mg/L from glucose, glycerol and CO2, respectively. The myo-inositol production level from CO2 achieved here set up the record. This study underlines the potential of C. necator to be utilized as microbial factory for upcycling the renewable feedstocks and CO2 to high-value biochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kaikai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Huiying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tao Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaoyun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yingguo Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huoqing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Zuo H, Si X, Li P, Li J, Chen Z, Li P, Chen C, Liu Z, Zhao J. Dynamic change of tea (Camellia sinensis) leaf cuticular wax in white tea processing for contribution to tea flavor formation. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112182. [PMID: 36596123 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite some studies on tea leaf cuticular wax, their component changes during dehydration and withering treatments in tea processing and suspected relation with tea flavor quality formation remain unknown. Here, we showed that tea leaf cuticular wax changed drastically in tea leaf development, dehydration, or withering treatment during tea processing, which affected tea flavor formation. Caffeine was found as a major component of leaf cuticular wax. Caffeine and inositol contents in leaf cuticular wax increased during dehydration and withering treatments. Comparisons showed that tea varieties with higher leaf cuticular wax loading produced more aroma than these with lower cuticular wax loading, supporting a positive correlation between tea leaf cuticular wax loading and degradation with white tea aroma formation. Dehydration or withering treatment of tea leaves also increased caffeine and inositol levels in leaf cuticular wax and triggered cuticular wax degradation into various molecules, that could be related to tea flavor formation. Thus, tea leaf cuticular waxes not only protect tea plants but also contribute to tea flavor formation. The study provides new insight into the dynamic changes of tea leaf cuticular waxes for tea plant protection and tea flavor quality formation in tea processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiongyuan Si
- Biotechnology Center, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhihui Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Penghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Changsong Chen
- Tea Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tea Science of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Kriegermeier A, Hyon A, LeCuyer B, Hubchak S, Liu X, Green RM. Inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box protein 1 pathway expression is impaired in pediatric cholestatic liver disease explants. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279016. [PMID: 36520816 PMCID: PMC9754178 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased intrahepatic bile acids cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) is activated to maintain homeostasis. UPR dysregulation, including the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box protein 1 (IRE1α/XBP1) pathway, is associated with adult liver diseases but has not been characterized in pediatric liver diseases. We evaluated hepatic UPR expression in pediatric cholestatic liver disease (CLD) explants and hypothesize that an inability to appropriately activate the hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of CLD. METHODS We evaluated 34 human liver explants, including: pediatric CLD (Alagille, ALGS, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, PFIC), pediatric non-cholestatic liver disease controls (autoimmune hepatitis, AIH), adult CLD, and normal controls. We performed RNA-seq, quantitative PCR, and western blotting to measure expression differences of the hepatic UPR and other signaling pathways. RESULTS Pathway analysis demonstrated that the KEGG 'protein processing in ER' pathway was downregulated in pediatric CLD compared to normal controls. Pediatric CLD had decreased hepatic IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression and decreased protein expression of phosphorylated IRE1α compared to normal controls. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway gene expression was also decreased in pediatric CLD compared to AIH disease controls. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric CLD explants have decreased expression of the protective IRE1α/XBP1 pathway and down-regulated KEGG protein processing in the ER pathways. IRE1α/XBP1 pathway expression differences occur when compared to both normal and non-cholestatic disease controls. Attenuated expression of the IRE1α/XBP1 pathway is associated with cholestatic diseases and may be a target for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Kriegermeier
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Angela Hyon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition at Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Brian LeCuyer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Susan Hubchak
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying Liu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
| | - Richard M. Green
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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Li Q, Zhang X, Zhao Y, Gao H, Li L, Zhang Y, Yu X. Myo- inositol facilitates astaxanthin and lipid coproduction in Haematococcus pluvialis by regulating oxidative stress and ethylene signalling. Bioresour Technol 2022; 366:128222. [PMID: 36328171 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, exogenous myo-inositol (MI) was applied to induce natural astaxanthin and biolipid accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis. Under 200 μM MI, algal cells exhibited 62.11 % and 34.67 % increases in astaxanthin and lipid content, respectively, compared to the control. The carotenogenesis and lipogenesis genes were upregulated by induction of MI. Interestingly, MI addition elevated the ethylene (ETH) content and activated antioxidant enzyme-associated gene levels, which could be involved in alleviating oxidative stress. Further data showed that the ETH signal played a positive function in stimulating astaxanthin biosynthesis under MI induction. Supplementation with ethephon plus MI boosted the astaxanthin content to 33.08 ± 0.03 mg g-1 by further upregulating astaxanthin biosynthesis genes and blocking reactive oxidative species (ROS) levels, and vice versa under ETH inhibition. This study provides a potential induction approach for natural astaxanthin production and explains the role of ethylene signalling in regulating astaxanthin synthesis by H. pluvialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xinnan Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yongteng Zhao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Hui Gao
- Yunnan Alphy Biotech Co., Ltd, Chuxiong 675000, China
| | - Linpin Li
- Yunnan Alphy Biotech Co., Ltd, Chuxiong 675000, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Yunnan Alphy Biotech Co., Ltd, Chuxiong 675000, China
| | - Xuya Yu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
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Gupta R, Sood M, Sharma U, Bhargava R, Jagannathan NR, Chadda RK. Neurochemical correlates of cognitive functions in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder: 1H-MRS study. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 78:103273. [PMID: 36270047 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We assessed and correlated neurochemical levels and cognitive functions in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and left hippocampus in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder and compared these with healthy controls METHODOLOGY: Twenty-five right-handed euthymic patients (HAM-D score < 7, and YMRS score < 7) with bipolar disorder and 20 age and gender matched controls were compared for neurometabolites (n-acetylaspartate - tNAA, choline - Cho, creatinine - Cr, myoinositol - Ins, and glutamine/glutamate - Glu/Gln) measured in left DLPFC and left hippocampus using single voxel magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and cognitive functions assessed using trail making test (TMT - A and B), wisconsin card sorting test (WCST), and wechsler memory scale (WMS-III Indian adaptation). RESULTS The two groups were comparable on socio-demographic variables. tNAA levels in DLPFC and hippocampus, and glutamate levels in hippocampus were found to be significantly lower and Inositol and glutamine levels in hippocampus were found to be significantly higher in patients as compared to controls. Patients performed significantly poorly as compared to controls on TMT A & B, all subscales of WMS - III, 5 subscales of WCST, including perseverative responses and errors. The tNAA and glutamate levels in left DLPFC in patients correlated with scores on TMT A & B, and several subscales of WCST and WMS-III. tNAA concentration in left hippocampus in patients correlated with scores on subscales of WMS-III. CONCLUSION Neurochemical dysfunction in select brain areas directly correlates with impairment in cognitive functions seen in patients with bipolar disorder in euthymic phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Gupta
- Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Mamta Sood
- Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
| | - Uma Sharma
- Dept. of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rachna Bhargava
- Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - N R Jagannathan
- Dept. of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - R K Chadda
- Dept. of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Jaradat N, Ghanim M, Abualhasan MN, Rajab A, Kojok B, Abed R, Mousa A, Arar M. Chemical compositions, antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic effects of Alhagi mannifera five extracts. J Complement Integr Med 2022; 19:869-877. [PMID: 34384010 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2021-0206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plants were used as medicines thousands of years ago. Conventional medicine use is increasing and many of the currently used drugs are extracted from herbal sources. In Palestinian traditional medicine, the Alhagi mannifera plant is used for the treatment of cancer. Our study aimed to extract this plant using five solvent fractions, identifying their chemical compositions, and evaluating their antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects. METHODS The successive technique was used to extract five solvent fractions of A. mannifera. While the spectral analysis was used to characterize quantitatively and qualitatively the chemical components of these extracts. The antimicrobial activity of plant extracts was evaluated against seven microbial strains using a broth micro-dilution assay. The cytotoxic activity was assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay against cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). RESULTS A total of 165 compounds were identified in A. mannifera different extracts. In the petroleum ether extract were found a total of 55 compounds. The major compounds were 2,5-cyclooctadien-1-ol (9.42%), 3-chloropropionic acid, heptyl ester (9.42%), carbonic acid, ethyl nonyl ester (9.42%) and chloroacetic acid. In methylene chloride extract a total of 11 compounds were found, and the major compounds were m-ainobenzenesulfonyl fluoride (14.35%), dodecane,2,6,10-trimethyl- (14.35%) and propanoic acid,2,2-dimethyl-,2-ethylexyl ester (14.35%). In chloroform extract, a total of 23 compounds were found. The major compounds were 5-ethyl-1-nonene (21.28%), and decanedioic acid, bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester (21.28%). In acetone extract were found a total of 47 compounds and the major compound was phenol,2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)- (5.22%). In methanol extract a total of 29 compounds were found and the major compounds were 3-o-methyl-d-glucose (10.79%), myo-inositol, 2-c-methyl- (10.79%), myo-inositol, 4-c-methyl- (10.79%), and scyllo-inositol,1C-methyl- (10.79%). All extracts showed antimicrobial activity. However, the petroleum ether extract showed the most potent antimicrobial effect against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, MRSA, and Candida albicans with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 1.25, 1.25, 6.25, 0.325, 6.25, and 1.56 μg/mL, respectively. De facto, chloroform extract followed by ether extract displayed potential cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 0.2 and 1.2 mg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS A. mannifera was found to contain a variety of phytochemicals and its chloroform extract showed a potent cytotoxic effect on HeLa cancer cells. In addition, petroleum ether showed potent antimicrobial agents and these extracts look promising as drug candidates. Further in vivo investigations should be conducted to provide the basis for developing new cancer and microbial infections treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidal Jaradat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mustafa Ghanim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Murad N Abualhasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Amany Rajab
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Boushra Kojok
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ruba Abed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ahmed Mousa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Mohammad Arar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Cengiz S, Arslan DB, Kicik A, Erdogdu E, Yildirim M, Hatay GH, Tufekcioglu Z, Uluğ AM, Bilgic B, Hanagasi H, Demiralp T, Gurvit H, Ozturk-Isik E. Identification of metabolic correlates of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease using magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging and machine learning. MAGMA 2022; 35:997-1008. [PMID: 35867235 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-022-01030-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate metabolic changes of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD-MCI) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (1H-MRSI). METHODS Sixteen healthy controls (HC), 26 cognitively normal Parkinson's disease (PD-CN) patients, and 34 PD-MCI patients were scanned in this prospective study. Neuropsychological tests were performed, and three-dimensional 1H-MRSI was obtained at 3 T. Metabolic parameters and neuropsychological test scores were compared between PD-MCI, PD-CN, and HC. The correlations between neuropsychological test scores and metabolic intensities were also assessed. Supervised machine learning algorithms were applied to classify HC, PD-CN, and PD-MCI groups based on metabolite levels. RESULTS PD-MCI had a lower corrected total N-acetylaspartate over total creatine ratio (tNAA/tCr) in the right precentral gyrus, corresponding to the sensorimotor network (p = 0.01), and a lower tNAA over myoinositol ratio (tNAA/mI) at a part of the default mode network, corresponding to the retrosplenial cortex (p = 0.04) than PD-CN. The HC and PD-MCI patients were classified with an accuracy of 86.4% (sensitivity = 72.7% and specificity = 81.8%) using bagged trees. CONCLUSION 1H-MRSI revealed metabolic changes in the default mode, ventral attention/salience, and sensorimotor networks of PD-MCI patients, which could be summarized mainly as 'posterior cortical metabolic changes' related with cognitive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevim Cengiz
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Betul Arslan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ani Kicik
- Neuroimaging Unit, Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Demiroglu Bilim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emel Erdogdu
- Neuroimaging Unit, Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Isik University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Yildirim
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gokce Hale Hatay
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Tufekcioglu
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aziz Müfit Uluğ
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey
- CorTechs Labs, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Basar Bilgic
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasmet Hanagasi
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tamer Demiralp
- Neuroimaging Unit, Hulusi Behcet Life Sciences Research Center, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Physiology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Gurvit
- Behavioral Neurology and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Ozturk-Isik
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Bogazici University, 34684, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Bikkina P, Bikkina S, Kawamura K. Tracing the biomass burning emissions over the Arabian Sea in winter season: Implications from the molecular distributions and relative abundances of sugar compounds. Sci Total Environ 2022; 848:157643. [PMID: 35908715 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The widespread haze pollution over South Asia typically occurs in winter, affecting the abundance of organic aerosols (OA) over the Arabian Sea due to prevailing meteorology. We determined the concentrations of biomass burning (BB) derived anhydrosugars (levoglucosan: Lev, galactosan: Gal, and mannosan: Man), sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose, and trehalose) and sugar alcohols (arabitol, mannitol, erythritol, and inositol) over the Arabian Sea during a winter cruise (6-24 December 2018). Molecular distributions revealed predominance of levoglucosan or sucrose. Besides, levoglucosan strongly correlated with mannosan, galactosan, sugar alcohols and elemental carbon, emphasizing their BB-origin. Backward air mass trajectories intercepted by the satellite-based fire counts over the Indo-Gangetic Plain together with relationship between stable carbon isotopic composition of TC (δ13CTC) and levoglucosan-C to organic carbon (%), confirmed the impact of BB-derived OA. A comparison of Lev/Man (av. 16.2) and Lev/K+ (av. 0.27) ratios over the Arabian Sea with the source-emissions revealed their origin from crop-residue burning. Rather high concentrations of Lev over the Arabian Sea compared to those documented over the Bay of Bengal, East China Sea, Sea of Japan and the western North Pacific further suggests a stronger impact of BB in the continental outflow over this marine basin. Besides, Lev/K+ ratios in marine aerosols exponentially decreased with an apparent increase in ambient relative humidity and temperature over the Arabian Sea during the South Asian outflow, implying a photochemical oxidation of BBOA. Such field-based relationship of Lev with the meteorological parameters can be useful for modelling the impact of BBOA on the surface Ocean. Besides, the aeolian input of sugar-C and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) accounted for 83 % and 92 % of that riverine supply to the Arabian Sea, respectively. This means atmospheric dry-deposition of sugars is an important external source of dissolved organic compounds to the surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Bikkina
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403004, Goa, India.
| | - Srinivas Bikkina
- CSIR National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula 403004, Goa, India
| | - Kimitaka Kawamura
- Chubu Institute for Advanced Studies, Chubu University, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan
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Volpe P, Bosutti A, Nori A, Filadi R, Gherardi G, Trautmann G, Furlan S, Massaria G, Sciancalepore M, Megighian A, Caccin P, Bernareggi A, Salanova M, Sacchetto R, Sandonà D, Pizzo P, Lorenzon P. Nerve-dependent distribution of subsynaptic type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor at the neuromuscular junction. J Gen Physiol 2022; 154:213498. [PMID: 36149386 PMCID: PMC9513380 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.202213128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are enriched at postsynaptic membrane compartments of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), surrounding the subsynaptic nuclei and close to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) of the motor endplate. At the endplate level, it has been proposed that nerve-dependent electrical activity might trigger IP3-associated, local Ca2+ signals not only involved in excitation-transcription (ET) coupling but also crucial to the development and stabilization of the NMJ itself. The present study was undertaken to examine whether denervation affects the subsynaptic IP3R distribution in skeletal muscles and which are the underlying mechanisms. Fluorescence microscopy, carried out on in vivo denervated muscles (following sciatectomy) and in vitro denervated skeletal muscle fibers from flexor digitorum brevis (FDB), indicates that denervation causes a reduction in the subsynaptic IP3R1-stained region, and such a decrease appears to be determined by the lack of muscle electrical activity, as judged by partial reversal upon field electrical stimulation of in vitro denervated skeletal muscle fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Correspondence to Pompeo Volpe:
| | | | - Alessandra Nori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Riccardo Filadi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Gaia Gherardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Gabor Trautmann
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sandra Furlan
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Aram Megighian
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Caccin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Michele Salanova
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Berlin, Germany
- Neuromuscular Signaling, Center of Space Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Roberta Sacchetto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Dorianna Sandonà
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Pizzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Interdepartmental Research Center of Myology (cirMYO), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- National Research Council, Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Lorenzon
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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Salvagno C, Mandula JK, Rodriguez PC, Cubillos-Ruiz JR. Decoding endoplasmic reticulum stress signals in cancer cells and antitumor immunity. Trends Cancer 2022; 8:930-943. [PMID: 35817701 PMCID: PMC9588488 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) provokes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in malignant cells and infiltrating immune populations. Sensing and responding to ER stress is coordinated by the unfolded protein response (UPR), an integrated signaling pathway governed by three ER stress sensors: activating transcription factor (ATF6), inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α), and protein kinase R (PKR)-like ER kinase (PERK). Persistent UPR activation modulates malignant progression, tumor growth, metastasis, and protective antitumor immunity. Hence, therapies targeting ER stress signaling can be harnessed to elicit direct tumor killing and concomitant anticancer immunity. We highlight recent findings on the role of the ER stress responses in onco-immunology, with an emphasis on genetic vulnerabilities that render tumors highly sensitive to therapeutic UPR modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Salvagno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jessica K Mandula
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Paulo C Rodriguez
- Department of Immunology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.
| | - Juan R Cubillos-Ruiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
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Chan SY, Yong HEJ, Chang HF, Barton SJ, Galani S, Zhang H, Wong JT, Ong J, Ebreo M, El-Heis S, Kenealy T, Nield H, Baker PN, Chong YS, Cutfield WS, Godfrey KM. Peripartum outcomes after combined myo- inositol, probiotics, and micronutrient supplementation from preconception: the NiPPeR randomized controlled trial. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM 2022; 4:100714. [PMID: 35970494 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajogmf.2022.100714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence that nutritional supplementation before and during pregnancy improves peripartum outcomes is sparse. In the Nutritional Intervention Preconception and During Pregnancy to Maintain Healthy Glucose Metabolism and Offspring Health (NiPPeR) trial, we previously reported that a combined myo-inositol, probiotics, and micronutrient supplement started at preconception showed no difference in the primary outcome of gestational glycemia, but did reduce the risk of preterm delivery, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes, and major postpartum hemorrhage. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the hypothesis that a reduction in major postpartum hemorrhage following a combined nutritional (myo-inositol, probiotics, and micronutrients) intervention is linked with promotion of labor progress and reduced operative delivery. STUDY DESIGN This double-blind randomized controlled trial recruited 1729 women from the United Kingdom, Singapore, and New Zealand, aged 18 to 38 years, and planning conception between 2015 and 2017. The effects of the nutritional intervention compared with those of a standard micronutrient supplement (control), taken at preconception and throughout pregnancy, were examined for the secondary outcomes of peripartum events using multinomial, Poisson, and linear regression adjusting for site, ethnicity, and important covariates. RESULTS Of the women who conceived and progressed beyond 24 weeks' gestation with a singleton pregnancy (n=589), 583 (99%) provided peripartum data. Between women in the intervention (n=293) and control (n=290) groups, there were no differences in rates of labor induction, oxytocin augmentation during labor, instrumental delivery, perineal trauma, and intrapartum cesarean delivery. Although duration of the first stage of labor was similar, the second-stage duration was 20% shorter in the intervention than in the control group (adjusted mean difference, -12.0 [95% confidence interval, -22.2 to -1.2] minutes; P=.029), accompanied by a reduction in operative delivery for delayed second-stage progress (adjusted risk ratio, 0.61 [0.48-0.95]; P=.022). Estimated blood loss was 10% lower in the intervention than in the control group (adjusted mean difference, -35.0 [-70.0 to -3.5] mL; P=.047), consistent with previous findings of reduced postpartum hemorrhage. CONCLUSION Supplementation with a specific combination of myo-inositol, probiotics, and micronutrients started at preconception and continued in pregnancy reduced the duration of the second stage of labor, the risk of operative delivery for delay in the second stage, and blood loss at delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiao-Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore (Drs Chan and Chong); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (Drs Chan, Yong, and Zhang, Mr Wong, and Dr Chong); Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore (Dr Chan, Ms Chang, Drs Ong, Ebreo, and Chong).
| | - Hannah E J Yong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (Drs Chan, Yong, and Zhang, Mr Wong, and Dr Chong)
| | - Hsin Fang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore (Dr Chan, Ms Chang, Drs Ong, Ebreo, and Chong)
| | - Sheila J Barton
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (Dr Barton, Ms Galani, Dr El-Heis, Ms Nield, and Dr Godfrey)
| | - Sevasti Galani
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (Dr Barton, Ms Galani, Dr El-Heis, Ms Nield, and Dr Godfrey)
| | - Han Zhang
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (Drs Chan, Yong, and Zhang, Mr Wong, and Dr Chong)
| | - Jui-Tsung Wong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (Drs Chan, Yong, and Zhang, Mr Wong, and Dr Chong)
| | - Judith Ong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore (Dr Chan, Ms Chang, Drs Ong, Ebreo, and Chong)
| | - Marilou Ebreo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore (Dr Chan, Ms Chang, Drs Ong, Ebreo, and Chong)
| | - Sarah El-Heis
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (Dr Barton, Ms Galani, Dr El-Heis, Ms Nield, and Dr Godfrey)
| | - Timothy Kenealy
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (Drs Kenealy and Cutfield)
| | - Heidi Nield
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (Dr Barton, Ms Galani, Dr El-Heis, Ms Nield, and Dr Godfrey)
| | - Philip N Baker
- College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom (Dr Baker)
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore (Drs Chan and Chong); Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore (Drs Chan, Yong, and Zhang, Mr Wong, and Dr Chong); Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore (Dr Chan, Ms Chang, Drs Ong, Ebreo, and Chong)
| | - Wayne S Cutfield
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand (Drs Kenealy and Cutfield); A Better Start, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand (Dr Cutfield); A Better Start, National Science Challenge, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom (Dr Barton, Ms Galani, Dr El-Heis, Ms Nield, and Dr Godfrey); National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton, National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom (Dr Godfrey)
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Hunter JE, Campbell AE, Kerridge S, Fraser C, Hannaway NL, Luli S, Ivanova I, Brownridge PJ, Coxhead J, Taylor L, Leary P, Hasoon MSR, Eyers CE, Perkins ND. Up-regulation of the PI3K/AKT and RHO/RAC/PAK signalling pathways in CHK1 inhibitor resistant Eµ-Myc lymphoma cells. Biochem J 2022; 479:2131-2151. [PMID: 36240067 PMCID: PMC9704644 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of resistance and the activation of bypass pathway signalling represents a major problem for the clinical application of protein kinase inhibitors. While investigating the effect of either a c-Rel deletion or RelAT505A phosphosite knockin on the Eµ-Myc mouse model of B-cell lymphoma, we discovered that both NF-κB subunit mutations resulted in CHK1 inhibitor resistance, arising from either loss or alteration of CHK1 activity, respectively. However, since Eµ-Myc lymphomas depend on CHK1 activity to cope with high levels of DNA replication stress and consequent genomic instability, it was not clear how these mutant NF-κB subunit lymphomas were able to survive. To understand these survival mechanisms and to identify potential compensatory bypass signalling pathways in these lymphomas, we applied a multi-omics strategy. With c-Rel-/- Eµ-Myc lymphomas we observed high levels of Phosphatidyl-inositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and AKT pathway activation. Moreover, treatment with the PI3K inhibitor Pictilisib (GDC-0941) selectively inhibited the growth of reimplanted c-Rel-/- and RelAT505A, but not wild type (WT) Eµ-Myc lymphomas. We also observed up-regulation of a RHO/RAC pathway gene expression signature in both Eµ-Myc NF-κB subunit mutation models. Further investigation demonstrated activation of the RHO/RAC effector p21-activated kinase (PAK) 2. Here, the PAK inhibitor, PF-3758309 successfully overcame resistance of RelAT505A but not WT lymphomas. These findings demonstrate that up-regulation of multiple bypass pathways occurs in CHK1 inhibitor resistant Eµ-Myc lymphomas. Consequently, drugs targeting these pathways could potentially be used as either second line or combinatorial therapies to aid the successful clinical application of CHK1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill E. Hunter
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Amy E. Campbell
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Scott Kerridge
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Callum Fraser
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Nicola L. Hannaway
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle University Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Preclinical In Vivo Imaging (PIVI), Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Iglika Ivanova
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Philip J. Brownridge
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Jonathan Coxhead
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Leigh Taylor
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
| | - Peter Leary
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Megan S. R. Hasoon
- Bioinformatics Support Unit, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4HH, U.K
| | - Claire E. Eyers
- Centre for Proteome Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, U.K
| | - Neil D. Perkins
- Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Wolfson Childhood Cancer Research Centre, Newcastle University, Level 6, Herschel Building, Brewery Lane, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K
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Matzarapi K, Giannakopoulos A, Chasapi SA, Kritikou D, Efthymiadou A, Chrysis D, Spyroulias GA. NMR-based metabolic profiling of children with premature adrenarche. Metabolomics 2022; 18:78. [PMID: 36239863 PMCID: PMC9568450 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-022-01941-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Premature adrenarche (PA) for long time was considered a benign condition but later has been connected to various diseases in childhood and adulthood which remains controversial. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of premature adrenarche on the metabolic phenotype, and correlate the clinical and biochemical data with the metabolic profile of children with PA. METHODS Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based untargeted and targeted metabolomic approach in combination with multivariate and univariate statistical analysis applied to study the metabolic profiles of children with PA. Plasma, serum, and urine samples were collected from fifty-two children with Idiopathic PA and forty-eight age-matched controls from the division of Pediatric Endocrinology of the University Hospital of Patras were enrolled. RESULTS Metabolomic results showed that plasma and serum glucose, myo-inositol, amino acids, a population of unsaturated lipids, and esterified cholesterol were higher and significantly different in PA children. In the metabolic profiles of children with PA and age-matched control group a gradual increase of glucose and myo-inositol levels was observed in serum and plasma, which was positively correlated their body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) values respectively. Urine 1H NMR metabolic fingerprint of PA children showed positive correlation and a clustering-dependent relationship with their BMI and bone age (BA) respectively. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that PA driven metabolic changes begin during the childhood and PA may has an inductive role in a BMI-driven increase of specific metabolites. Finally, urine may be considered as the best biofluid for identification of the PA metabolism as it reflects more clearly the PA metabolic fingerprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Matzarapi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Giannakopoulos
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Styliani A Chasapi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Dimitra Kritikou
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Alexandra Efthymiadou
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece
| | - Dionisios Chrysis
- Division of Endocrinology Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece.
| | - Georgios A Spyroulias
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, 26504, Rio, Greece.
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