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Ranoa DRE, Holland RL, Alnaji FG, Green KJ, Wang L, Fredrickson RL, Wang T, Wong GN, Uelmen J, Maslov S, Weiner ZJ, Tkachenko AV, Zhang H, Liu Z, Ibrahim A, Patel SJ, Paul JM, Vance NP, Gulick JG, Satheesan SP, Galvan IJ, Miller A, Grohens J, Nelson TJ, Stevens MP, Hennessy PM, Parker RC, Santos E, Brackett C, Steinman JD, Fenner MR, Dohrer K, DeLorenzo M, Wilhelm-Barr L, Brauer BR, Best-Popescu C, Durack G, Wetter N, Kranz DM, Breitbarth J, Simpson C, Pryde JA, Kaler RN, Harris C, Vance AC, Silotto JL, Johnson M, Valera EA, Anton PK, Mwilambwe L, Bryan SP, Stone DS, Young DB, Ward WE, Lantz J, Vozenilek JA, Bashir R, Moore JS, Garg M, Cooper JC, Snyder G, Lore MH, Yocum DL, Cohen NJ, Novakofski JE, Loots MJ, Ballard RL, Band M, Banks KM, Barnes JD, Bentea I, Black J, Busch J, Conte A, Conte M, Curry M, Eardley J, Edwards A, Eggett T, Fleurimont J, Foster D, Fouke BW, Gallagher N, Gastala N, Genung SA, Glueck D, Gray B, Greta A, Healy RM, Hetrick A, Holterman AA, Ismail N, Jasenof I, Kelly P, Kielbasa A, Kiesel T, Kindle LM, Lipking RL, Manabe YC, Mayes J́, McGuffin R, McHenry KG, Mirza A, Moseley J, Mostafa HH, Mumford M, Munoz K, Murray AD, Nolan M, Parikh NA, Pekosz A, Pflugmacher J, Phillips JM, Pitts C, Potter MC, Quisenberry J, Rear J, Robinson ML, Rosillo E, Rye LN, Sherwood M, Simon A, Singson JM, Skadden C, Skelton TH, Smith C, Stech M, Thomas R, Tomaszewski MA, Tyburski EA, Vanwingerden S, Vlach E, Watkins RS, Watson K, White KC, Killeen TL, Jones RJ, Cangellaris AC, Martinis SA, Vaid A, Brooke CB, Walsh JT, Elbanna A, Sullivan WC, Smith RL, Goldenfeld N, Fan TM, Hergenrother PJ, Burke MD. Mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 transmission at a large public university. Nat Commun 2022. [DOI: doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractIn Fall 2020, universities saw extensive transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among their populations, threatening health of the university and surrounding communities, and viability of in-person instruction. Here we report a case study at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where a multimodal “SHIELD: Target, Test, and Tell” program, with other non-pharmaceutical interventions, was employed to keep classrooms and laboratories open. The program included epidemiological modeling and surveillance, fast/frequent testing using a novel low-cost and scalable saliva-based RT-qPCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 that bypasses RNA extraction, called covidSHIELD, and digital tools for communication and compliance. In Fall 2020, we performed >1,000,000 covidSHIELD tests, positivity rates remained low, we had zero COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths amongst our university community, and mortality in the surrounding Champaign County was reduced more than 4-fold relative to expected. This case study shows that fast/frequent testing and other interventions mitigated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a large public university.
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Ranoa DRE, Holland RL, Alnaji FG, Green KJ, Wang L, Fredrickson RL, Wang T, Wong GN, Uelmen J, Maslov S, Weiner ZJ, Tkachenko AV, Zhang H, Liu Z, Ibrahim A, Patel SJ, Paul JM, Vance NP, Gulick JG, Satheesan SP, Galvan IJ, Miller A, Grohens J, Nelson TJ, Stevens MP, Hennessy PM, Parker RC, Santos E, Brackett C, Steinman JD, Fenner MR, Dohrer K, DeLorenzo M, Wilhelm-Barr L, Brauer BR, Best-Popescu C, Durack G, Wetter N, Kranz DM, Breitbarth J, Simpson C, Pryde JA, Kaler RN, Harris C, Vance AC, Silotto JL, Johnson M, Valera EA, Anton PK, Mwilambwe L, Bryan SP, Stone DS, Young DB, Ward WE, Lantz J, Vozenilek JA, Bashir R, Moore JS, Garg M, Cooper JC, Snyder G, Lore MH, Yocum DL, Cohen NJ, Novakofski JE, Loots MJ, Ballard RL, Band M, Banks KM, Barnes JD, Bentea I, Black J, Busch J, Conte A, Conte M, Curry M, Eardley J, Edwards A, Eggett T, Fleurimont J, Foster D, Fouke BW, Gallagher N, Gastala N, Genung SA, Glueck D, Gray B, Greta A, Healy RM, Hetrick A, Holterman AA, Ismail N, Jasenof I, Kelly P, Kielbasa A, Kiesel T, Kindle LM, Lipking RL, Manabe YC, Mayes J, McGuffin R, McHenry KG, Mirza A, Moseley J, Mostafa HH, Mumford M, Munoz K, Murray AD, Nolan M, Parikh NA, Pekosz A, Pflugmacher J, Phillips JM, Pitts C, Potter MC, Quisenberry J, Rear J, Robinson ML, Rosillo E, Rye LN, Sherwood M, Simon A, Singson JM, Skadden C, Skelton TH, Smith C, Stech M, Thomas R, Tomaszewski MA, Tyburski EA, Vanwingerden S, Vlach E, Watkins RS, Watson K, White KC, Killeen TL, Jones RJ, Cangellaris AC, Martinis SA, Vaid A, Brooke CB, Walsh JT, Elbanna A, Sullivan WC, Smith RL, Goldenfeld N, Fan TM, Hergenrother PJ, Burke MD. Mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 transmission at a large public university. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3207. [PMID: 35680861 PMCID: PMC9184485 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30833-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In Fall 2020, universities saw extensive transmission of SARS-CoV-2 among their populations, threatening health of the university and surrounding communities, and viability of in-person instruction. Here we report a case study at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where a multimodal “SHIELD: Target, Test, and Tell” program, with other non-pharmaceutical interventions, was employed to keep classrooms and laboratories open. The program included epidemiological modeling and surveillance, fast/frequent testing using a novel low-cost and scalable saliva-based RT-qPCR assay for SARS-CoV-2 that bypasses RNA extraction, called covidSHIELD, and digital tools for communication and compliance. In Fall 2020, we performed >1,000,000 covidSHIELD tests, positivity rates remained low, we had zero COVID-19-related hospitalizations or deaths amongst our university community, and mortality in the surrounding Champaign County was reduced more than 4-fold relative to expected. This case study shows that fast/frequent testing and other interventions mitigated transmission of SARS-CoV-2 at a large public university. Safely opening university campuses has been a major challenge during the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, the authors describe a program of public health measures employed at a university in the United States which, combined with other non-pharmaceutical interventions, allowed the university to stay open in fall 2020 with limited evidence of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Rose E Ranoa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Robin L Holland
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Fadi G Alnaji
- Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kelsie J Green
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Leyi Wang
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Richard L Fredrickson
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - George N Wong
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Johnny Uelmen
- Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sergei Maslov
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zachary J Weiner
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Alexei V Tkachenko
- Center for Functional Nanomaterials, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, USA
| | - Hantao Zhang
- Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Zhiru Liu
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Sanjay J Patel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John M Paul
- Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nickolas P Vance
- Technology Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joseph G Gulick
- Technology Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Isaac J Galvan
- Technology Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Miller
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joseph Grohens
- Department of English, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Todd J Nelson
- Technology Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mary P Stevens
- Technology Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Robert C Parker
- McKinley Health Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | | | - Julie D Steinman
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Melvin R Fenner
- McKinley Health Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kirstin Dohrer
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Michael DeLorenzo
- Office of the Chancellor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Laura Wilhelm-Barr
- Office of the Chancellor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Catherine Best-Popescu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gary Durack
- Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Tekmill, Champaign, IL, USA
| | | | - David M Kranz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jessica Breitbarth
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Charlie Simpson
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Julie A Pryde
- Champaign-Urbana Public Health District, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Robin N Kaler
- Public Affairs, College of Media, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Chris Harris
- Public Affairs, College of Media, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Allison C Vance
- Public Affairs, College of Media, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jodi L Silotto
- Public Affairs, College of Media, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mark Johnson
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Enrique Andres Valera
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Patricia K Anton
- Housing Division, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Lowa Mwilambwe
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for Student Affairs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Stephen P Bryan
- Office of the Dean of Students, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Deborah S Stone
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Danita B Young
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for Student Affairs, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Wanda E Ward
- Office of the Chancellor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John Lantz
- Office of the Dean of Students, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - John A Vozenilek
- Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Grainger College of Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Moore
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mayank Garg
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Julian C Cooper
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Gillian Snyder
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Michelle H Lore
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Dustin L Yocum
- Office for the Protection of Human Subjects, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Neal J Cohen
- Office of the Dean of Students, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jan E Novakofski
- College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Melanie J Loots
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Randy L Ballard
- Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mark Band
- Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kayla M Banks
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joseph D Barnes
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Iuliana Bentea
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jessica Black
- Illinois Human Resources, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jeremy Busch
- Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Abigail Conte
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Madison Conte
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Curry
- Illinois Human Resources, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jennifer Eardley
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - April Edwards
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Therese Eggett
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Judes Fleurimont
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Delaney Foster
- Division of Campus Recreation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Bruce W Fouke
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nicholas Gallagher
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicole Gastala
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Scott A Genung
- Office of the Chief Info Officer, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Declan Glueck
- Illinois Human Resources, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Brittani Gray
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Greta
- University of Illinois System Office, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Robert M Healy
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ashley Hetrick
- University Health Services, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Arianna A Holterman
- Office of the Dean of Students, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nahed Ismail
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ian Jasenof
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Patrick Kelly
- University Health Services, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Aaron Kielbasa
- Office of the Chancellor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Teresa Kiesel
- University Health Services, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Lorenzo M Kindle
- Technology Services, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Rhonda L Lipking
- Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Yukari C Manabe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jade Mayes
- Department of Intercollegiate Athletics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Reubin McGuffin
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Kenton G McHenry
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Agha Mirza
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jada Moseley
- Illinois Human Resources, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Heba H Mostafa
- Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Melody Mumford
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kathleen Munoz
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Arika D Murray
- Illinois Human Resources, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Moira Nolan
- Office of Corporate Relations, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Nil A Parikh
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Janna Pflugmacher
- University Administration, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Janise M Phillips
- McKinley Health Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Collin Pitts
- University Health Services, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark C Potter
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - James Quisenberry
- Division of Student Affairs, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Janelle Rear
- Office of the Vice President for Economic Development and Innovation, University of Illinois System, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Matthew L Robinson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Edith Rosillo
- Library Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Leslie N Rye
- Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - MaryEllen Sherwood
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Anna Simon
- Office of the Chancellor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jamie M Singson
- Division of Student Affairs, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Carly Skadden
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Tina H Skelton
- Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Charlie Smith
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Mary Stech
- McKinley Health Center, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ryan Thomas
- Office of the Chief Info Officer, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Erika A Tyburski
- Atlanta Center for Microsystems Engineered Point-of-Care Technologies, Emory University School of Medicine, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, and Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Georgia Institute of Technology, Institute for Electronics and Nanotechnology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Scott Vanwingerden
- IT Service Delivery, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Evette Vlach
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ronald S Watkins
- University of Illinois System Office, Urbana, IL, USA.,Office of the President, University of Illinois System, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Karriem Watson
- Mile Square Health Center, University of Illinois Health, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen C White
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Timothy L Killeen
- Gies College of Business, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Robert J Jones
- Office of the Chancellor, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | | | - Susan A Martinis
- Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Innovation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Awais Vaid
- Champaign-Urbana Public Health District, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Christopher B Brooke
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joseph T Walsh
- Library Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Ahmed Elbanna
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - William C Sullivan
- Department of Landscape Architecture, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Rebecca L Smith
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Nigel Goldenfeld
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Physics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Timothy M Fan
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Paul J Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Martin D Burke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA. .,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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