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Laghi A, Lee C, Giammarioli G, Pesci L. Hyaluronic acid migration after rhinofilling. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2023; 158:363-364. [PMID: 37282849 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.23.07456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Laghi
- Unit of Dermatology and STDs, Department of Medicine, "Celio" Military Polyclinic of Rome, Rome, Italy -
| | - Claudia Lee
- School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
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Garzoli S, Laghezza Masci V, Turchetti G, Pesci L, Tiezzi A, Ovidi E. Chemical investigations of male and female leaf extracts from Schinus molle L. Nat Prod Res 2018; 33:1980-1983. [PMID: 29842798 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1480624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The pepper-tree Schinus molle is an evergreen ornamental plant with various and diversified list of medical uses. In this article we analysed the chemical composition of male and female leaves of this plant during the off-flowering and flowering seasons. The leaf extracts were obtained by using a sequential extraction with solvents of different polarities and the chemical composition was investigated by GC-MS. The results showed a total of twenty-three components, in which elemol is the most abundant constituent followed by bicyclogermacrene, γ-eudesmol, α-eudesmol, β-eudesmol and isocalamendiol. The petroleum ether and diethyl ether extracts from male and female flowering and off-flowering leaves consisted of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons as a major constituent followed by monoterpene hydrocarbons, while the acetone extracts showed a different composition. The obtained results show differences in the chemical composition between male and female and flowering and not flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Garzoli
- a Department of Drug Chemistry and Technology , Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
| | - Valentina Laghezza Masci
- b Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems , Tuscia University , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Giovanni Turchetti
- b Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems , Tuscia University , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pesci
- b Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems , Tuscia University , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Antonio Tiezzi
- b Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems , Tuscia University , Viterbo , Italy
| | - Elisa Ovidi
- b Department for the Innovation in Biological, Agrofood and Forestal Systems , Tuscia University , Viterbo , Italy
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Pesci L, Gurikov P, Liese A, Kara S. Amine-Mediated Enzymatic Carboxylation of Phenols Using CO 2 as Substrate Increases Equilibrium Conversions and Reaction Rates. Biotechnol J 2017; 12. [PMID: 28862371 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A variety of strategies is applied to alleviate thermodynamic and kinetic limitations in biocatalytic carboxylation of metabolites in vivo. A key feature to consider in enzymatic carboxylations is the nature of the cosubstrate: CO2 or its hydrated form, bicarbonate. The substrate binding and activation mechanism determine what the actual carboxylation agent is. Dihydroxybenzoic acid (de)carboxylases catalyze the reversible regio-selective ortho-(de)carboxylation of phenolics. These enzymes have attracted considerable attention in the last 10 years due to their potential in substituting harsh conditions typical of chemical carboxylations (100-200 °C, 5-100 bar) with, ideally, greener ones (20-40 °C, 1 bar). They are reported to use bicarbonate as substrate, needed in large excess to overcome thermodynamic and kinetic limitations. Therefore, CO2 can be used as substrate by these enzymes only if it is converted into bicarbonate in situ. In this contribution, we report the simultaneous amine-mediated conversion of CO2 into bicarbonate and the ortho-carboxylation of different phenolic molecules catalyzed by 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (de)carboxylase from Aspergillus oryzae. Our results show that under the newly developed conditions a significant thermodynamic (up to twofold increase in conversion) and kinetic improvement (up to approx. fivefold increase in rate) of the biocatalytic carboxylation of catechol is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pesci
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, Hamburg 21073, Germany
| | - Pavel Gurikov
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, Hamburg 21073, Germany
| | - Selin Kara
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, Hamburg 21073, Germany
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Pesci L, Baydar M, Glueck S, Faber K, Liese A, Kara S. Development and Scaling-Up of the Fragrance Compound 4-Ethylguaiacol Synthesis via a Two-Step Chemo-Enzymatic Reaction Sequence. Org Process Res Dev 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.6b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pesci
- Institute
of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maik Baydar
- Institute
of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Silvia Glueck
- ACIB GmbH, Petersgasse 14, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Kurt Faber
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute
of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Selin Kara
- Institute
of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestr. 15, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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Pesci L, Kara S, Liese A. Evaluation of the Substrate Scope of Benzoic Acid (De)carboxylases According to Chemical and Biochemical Parameters. Chembiochem 2016; 17:1845-1850. [PMID: 27505856 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201600333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The enzymatic carboxylation of phenolic compounds has been attracting increasing interest in recent years, owing to its regioselectivity and technical potential as a biocatalytic equivalent for the Kolbe-Schmitt reaction. Mechanistically the reaction was demonstrated to occur through electrophilic aromatic substitution/water elimination with bicarbonate as a cosubstrate. The effects of the substituents on the phenolic ring have not yet been elucidated in detail, but this would give detailed insight into the substrate-activity relationship and would provide predictability for the acceptance of future substrates. In this report we show how the kinetic and (apparent) thermodynamic behavior can be explained through the evaluation of linear free energy relationships based on electronic, steric, and geometric parameters and through the consideration of enzyme-ligand interactions. Moreover, the similarity between the benzoic acid decarboxylases and the amidohydrolases superfamily is investigated, and promiscuous hydrolytic activity of the decarboxylase in the context of the hydrolysis of an activated ester bond has been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pesci
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestrasse 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Selin Kara
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestrasse 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Liese
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestrasse 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany.
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Pesci L, Glueck SM, Gurikov P, Smirnova I, Faber K, Liese A. Biocatalytic carboxylation of phenol derivatives: kinetics and thermodynamics of the biological Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis. FEBS J 2015; 282:1334-45. [PMID: 25652582 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Microbial decarboxylases, which catalyse the reversible regioselective ortho-carboxylation of phenolic derivatives in anaerobic detoxification pathways, have been studied for their reverse carboxylation activities on electron-rich aromatic substrates. Ortho-hydroxybenzoic acids are important building blocks in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries and are currently produced via the Kolbe-Schmitt process, which requires elevated pressures and temperatures (≥ 5 bar, ≥ 100 °C) and often shows incomplete regioselectivities. In order to resolve bottlenecks in view of preparative-scale applications, we studied the kinetic parameters for 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid decarboxylase from Rhizobium sp. in the carboxylation- and decarboxylation-direction using 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (catechol) as starting material. The catalytic properties (K(m), V(max)) are correlated with the overall thermodynamic equilibrium via the Haldane equation, according to a reversible random bi-uni mechanism. The model was subsequently verified by comparing experimental results with simulations. This study provides insights into the catalytic behaviour of a nonoxidative aromatic decarboxylase and reveals key limitations (e.g. substrate oxidation, CO2 pressure, enzyme deactivation, low turnover frequency) in view of the employment of this system as a 'green' alternative to the Kolbe-Schmitt processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pesci
- Institute of Technical Biocatalysis, Hamburg University of Technology, Germany
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Subrizi F, Crucianelli M, Grossi V, Passacantando M, Pesci L, Saladino R. Carbon Nanotubes as Activating Tyrosinase Supports for the Selective Synthesis of Catechols. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs400856e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Subrizi
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via
Vetoio, I-67100 Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Marcello Crucianelli
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via
Vetoio, I-67100 Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via
Vetoio, I-67100 Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Maurizio Passacantando
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, Via
Vetoio, I-67100 Coppito, AQ, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Pesci
- Department
of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, VT, Italy
| | - Raffaele Saladino
- Department
of Ecology and Biology, University of Tuscia, Largo dell’Università, 01100 Viterbo, VT, Italy
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