1
|
Ameka M, Markan KR, Morgan DA, BonDurant LD, Idiga SO, Naber MC, Zhu Z, Zingman LV, Grobe JL, Rahmouni K, Potthoff MJ. Liver Derived FGF21 Maintains Core Body Temperature During Acute Cold Exposure. Sci Rep 2019; 9:630. [PMID: 30679672 PMCID: PMC6345819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37198-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) elicits an array of metabolic effects. However, the physiological role of FGF21 during thermal challenges is not clear. In this study, we assessed the tissue source of FGF21 and its site of action to regulate core body temperature in response to cold. Using mice lacking FGF21 specifically in the liver (FGF21 LivKO) or adipose tissues (FGF21 AdipoKO), we performed a series of cold exposure studies to examine the tissue specific induction of FGF21 in response to cold. We also examined the physiological site of FGF21 action during cold exposure by impairing FGF21 signaling to adipose tissues or the central nervous system (CNS) using genetic ablation of the FGF21 co-receptor β-klotho in adipose tissues (KLB AdipoKO) or pharmacological blockage of FGF21 signaling. We found that only liver-derived FGF21 enters circulation during acute cold exposure and is critical for thermoregulation. While FGF21 signaling directly to adipose tissues during cold is dispensable for thermoregulation, central FGF21 signaling is necessary for maximal sympathetic drive to brown adipose tissue to maintain thermoregulation during cold. These data demonstrate a previously unrecognized role for FGF21 in the maintenance of body temperature in response to cold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Ameka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kathleen R Markan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Donald A Morgan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Lucas D BonDurant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sharon O Idiga
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Meghan C Naber
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhu
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Leonid V Zingman
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Justin L Grobe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. .,Obesity Research and Education Initiative, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an endocrine hormone derived from the liver that exerts pleiotropic effects on the body to maintain overall metabolic homeostasis. During the past decade, there has been an enormous effort made to understand the physiological roles of FGF21 in regulating metabolism and to identify the mechanism for its potent pharmacological effects to reverse diabetes and obesity. Through both human and rodent studies, it is now evident that FGF21 levels are dynamically regulated by nutrient sensing, and consequently FGF21 functions as a critical regulator of nutrient homeostasis. In addition, recent studies using new genetic and molecular tools have provided critical insight into the actions of this endocrine factor. This review examines the numerous functions of FGF21 and highlights the therapeutic potential of FGF21-targeted pathways for treating metabolic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas D BonDurant
- Department of Pharmacology and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA;
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Department of Pharmacology and Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
BonDurant LD, Ameka M, Naber MC, Markan KR, Idiga SO, Acevedo MR, Walsh SA, Ornitz DM, Potthoff MJ. FGF21 Regulates Metabolism Through Adipose-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms. Cell Metab 2017; 25:935-944.e4. [PMID: 28380381 PMCID: PMC5494834 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
FGF21 is an endocrine hormone that regulates energy homeostasis and insulin sensitivity. The mechanism of FGF21 action and the tissues responsible for these effects have been controversial, with both adipose tissues and the central nervous system having been identified as the target site mediating FGF21-dependent increases in insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure, and weight loss. Here we show that, while FGF21 signaling to adipose tissue is required for the acute insulin-sensitizing effects of FGF21, FGF21 signaling to adipose tissue is not required for its chronic effects to increase energy expenditure and lower body weight. Also, in contrast to previous studies, we found that adiponectin is dispensable for the metabolic effects of FGF21 in increasing insulin sensitivity and energy expenditure. Instead, FGF21 acutely enhances insulin sensitivity through actions on brown adipose tissue. Our data reveal that the acute and chronic effects of FGF21 can be dissociated through adipose-dependent and -independent mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas D BonDurant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Magdalene Ameka
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Meghan C Naber
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kathleen R Markan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sharon O Idiga
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Michael R Acevedo
- Small Animal Imaging Core, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Susan A Walsh
- Small Animal Imaging Core, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
von Holstein-Rathlou S, BonDurant LD, Peltekian L, Naber MC, Yin TC, Claflin KE, Urizar AI, Madsen AN, Ratner C, Holst B, Karstoft K, Vandenbeuch A, Anderson CB, Cassell MD, Thompson AP, Solomon TP, Rahmouni K, Kinnamon SC, Pieper AA, Gillum MP, Potthoff MJ. FGF21 Mediates Endocrine Control of Simple Sugar Intake and Sweet Taste Preference by the Liver. Cell Metab 2016; 23:335-43. [PMID: 26724858 PMCID: PMC4756759 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 241] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The liver is an important integrator of nutrient metabolism, yet no liver-derived factors regulating nutrient preference or carbohydrate appetite have been identified. Here we show that the liver regulates carbohydrate intake through production of the hepatokine fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), which markedly suppresses consumption of simple sugars, but not complex carbohydrates, proteins, or lipids. Genetic loss of FGF21 in mice increases sucrose consumption, whereas acute administration or overexpression of FGF21 suppresses the intake of both sugar and non-caloric sweeteners. FGF21 does not affect chorda tympani nerve responses to sweet tastants, instead reducing sweet-seeking behavior and meal size via neurons in the hypothalamus. This liver-to-brain hormonal axis likely represents a negative feedback loop as hepatic FGF21 production is elevated by sucrose ingestion. We conclude that the liver functions to regulate macronutrient-specific intake by producing an endocrine satiety signal that acts centrally to suppress the intake of "sweets."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie von Holstein-Rathlou
- Section for Metabolic Imaging and Liver Metabolism, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lucas D BonDurant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Lila Peltekian
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Meghan C Naber
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Terry C Yin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Kristin E Claflin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Adriana Ibarra Urizar
- Section for Metabolic Imaging and Liver Metabolism, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas N Madsen
- Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cecilia Ratner
- Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Holst
- Section for Metabolic Receptology and Enteroendocrinology, the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Laboratory for Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Karstoft
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism and Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aurelie Vandenbeuch
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Catherine B Anderson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Martin D Cassell
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Anthony P Thompson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Thomas P Solomon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; School of Sport, Exercise, and Rehabilitation Sciences, and Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sue C Kinnamon
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Andrew A Pieper
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Matthew P Gillum
- Section for Metabolic Imaging and Liver Metabolism, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|