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Candiani M, Dolci C, Schimberni M, Bartiromo L, Villanacci R, Grisafi G, Tandoi I, Salvatore S, Ferrari SM. Reproductive outcomes after vaginal repair of isthmocele: A preliminary study and systematic review of the literature. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 296:163-169. [PMID: 38447278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although vaginal repair of isthmocele is an effective and safe surgical option, data on reproductive and obstetrical outcomes are lacking. The aim of this study is to evaluate reproductive outcomes of women undergone vaginal repair of isthmocele. We also systematically reviewed the existent literature to offer a general view of available data. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis of a database prospectively collected between January 2018 and January 2022 at San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. We included secondary infertile women with ultrasound documented isthmocele who undergone vaginal repair. Post-surgical clinical, reproductive and obstetric outcomes were recorded. An advanced systematic search of the literature up to January 2023 was conducted. RESULTS 17 women were included. The mean age of the included patients was 37.2 ± 2.7 years. The median of previous caesarian sections was 1 (1-2). One intra-operative complication (5.9 %) was reported (bladder injury, repaired at the time of surgery). At follow up, bleeding was successfully treated in 8 women (8/10; 80 %). Pregnancy was obtained in 7 women (7/17; 41.2 %): the conception was spontaneous in 4 women (4/7; 57.1 %) and trough assisted reproductive technology in 3 patients (3/7; 42.9 %). The mean time from surgery to pregnancy was 10.8 (±6.7) months. One spontaneous abortion was reported (1/7; 14.3 %), while live birth was achieved in 6 pregnancies (6/7; 85.7 %). All deliveries were by caesarian section at a median gestational age of 37.5 (36-38.25) weeks. No obstetrical complications were reported. At the time of caesarean section, no defects on the lower segment were retrieved. Regarding the systematic research, among the 21 studies screened, only 4 articles were included in the review. Pregnancy rate was around 60-70 % with very few obstetrical complications (0.01 %) such as abnormal placentation or preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS Vaginal repair of isthmocele is a minimally invasive, safe and effective surgical approach in terms of postsurgical residual myometrium tichness. Systematic review to date has found low-quality evidences on the impact of vaginal surgery in the management of secondary infertility and obstetrics outcomes in women with isthmocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Dolci
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Villanacci
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgia Grisafi
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Iacopo Tandoi
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Salvatore
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Maria Ferrari
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy
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Giorgi M, Raimondo D, Pacifici M, Bartiromo L, Candiani M, Fedele F, Pizzo A, Valensise H, Seracchioli R, Raffone A, Martire FG, Centini G, Zupi E, Lazzeri L. Adenomyosis among patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy for uncontrollable uterine bleeding: A multicenter, observational, retrospective, cohort study on histologically-based prevalence and clinical characteristics. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2024. [PMID: 38494900 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.15452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of adenomyosis at pathologic examination, and its association with obstetric complications, peripartum maternal clinical characteristics and neonatal birth weight in patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy due to postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). METHODS A multicenter, observational, retrospective, cohort study was carried out including all women who underwent postpartum hysterectomy due to PPH at gestational week 23+0 or later, between January 2010 and May 2023. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence of adenomyosis at pathologic examination, and were compared for obstetric complications, peripartum maternal clinical characteristics, and neonatal birth weight. RESULTS The histologically-based prevalence of adenomyosis in patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy due to PPH was 39.4%. Adenomyosis was associated with a longer hospitalization time (regression coefficient: 4.43 days, 95% CI: 0.34-8.52, P = 0.034) and a higher risk of hypertensive disorders (OR: 5.82, 95% CI: 1.38-24.46, P = 0.016), threatened preterm labor (OR: 3.34, 95% CI: 1.08-10.31, P = 0.036), urgent/emergency C-section (OR: 24.15, 95% CI: 2.60-223.96, P = 0.005), postpartum maternal complications (OR: 4.96, 95% CI: 1.48-16.67, P = 0.012), maternal intensive care unit admission (OR: 3.56, 95% CI: 1.05-12.05, P = 0.041), and low birth weight neonates (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.32-11.02, P = 0.013). CONCLUSION In patients undergoing postpartum hysterectomy due to PPH, adenomyosis is a highly prevalent condition among, and is associated with adverse obstetric, maternal, and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Giorgi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Diego Raimondo
- Division of Gynecology and Human Reproduction Physiopathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Pacifici
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fondazione "Policlinico-Mangiagalli-Regina Elena" University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pizzo
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Surgery, University of Rome, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy
| | - Herbert Valensise
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Surgery, University of Rome, Policlinico Casilino, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Seracchioli
- Division of Gynecology and Human Reproduction Physiopathology, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Raffone
- Gynecology and Obstetrics Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Giuseppe Martire
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Gabriele Centini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Errico Zupi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Lazzeri
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecological Clinic, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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Makieva S, Giacomini E, Scotti GM, Lazarevic D, Pavone V, Ottolina J, Bartiromo L, Schimberni M, Morelli M, Alteri A, Minetto S, Tonon G, Candiani M, Papaleo E, Viganò P. Extracellular vesicles secreted by human aneuploid embryos present a distinct transcriptomic profile and upregulate MUC1 transcription in decidualised endometrial stromal cells. Hum Reprod Open 2024; 2024:hoae014. [PMID: 38559895 PMCID: PMC10980593 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoae014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Do extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by aneuploid human embryos possess a unique transcriptomic profile that elicits a relevant transcriptomic response in decidualized primary endometrial stromal cells (dESCs)? SUMMARY ANSWER Aneuploid embryo-derived EVs contain transcripts of PPM1J, LINC00561, ANKRD34C, and TMED10 with differential abundance from euploid embryo-derived EVs and induce upregulation of MUC1 transcript in dESCs. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY We have previously reported that IVF embryos secrete EVs that can be internalized by ESCs, conceptualizing that successful implantation to the endometrium is facilitated by EVs. Whether these EVs may additionally serve as biomarkers of ploidy status is unknown. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION Embryos destined for biopsy for preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) were grown under standard conditions. Spent media (30 μl) were collected from euploid (n = 175) and aneuploid (n = 140) embryos at cleavage (Days 1-3) stage and from euploid (n = 187) and aneuploid (n = 142) embryos at blastocyst (Days 3-5) stage. Media samples from n = 35 cleavage-stage embryos were pooled in order to obtain five euploid and four aneuploid pools. Similarly, media samples from blastocysts were pooled to create one euploid and one aneuploid pool. ESCs were obtained from five women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS EVs were isolated from pools of media by differential centrifugation and EV-RNA sequencing was performed following a single-cell approach that circumvents RNA extraction. ESCs were decidualized (estradiol: 10 nM, progesterone: 1 µM, cAMP: 0.5 mM twice every 48 h) and incubated for 24 h with EVs (50 ng/ml). RNA sequencing was performed on ESCs. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Aneuploid cleavage stage embryos secreted EVs that were less abundant in RNA fragments originating from the genes PPM1J (log2fc = -5.13, P = 0.011), LINC00561 (log2fc = -7.87, P = 0.010), and ANKRD34C (log2fc = -7.30, P = 0.017) and more abundant in TMED10 (log2fc = 1.63, P = 0.025) compared to EVs of euploid embryos. Decidualization per se induced downregulation of MUC1 (log2fc = -0.54, P = 0.0028) in ESCs as a prerequisite for the establishment of receptive endometrium. The expression of MUC1 transcript in decidualized ESCs was significantly increased following treatment with aneuploid compared to euploid embryo-secreted EVs (log2fc = 0.85, P = 0.0201). LARGE SCALE DATA Raw data have been uploaded to GEO (accession number GSE234338). LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION The findings of the study will require validation utilizing a second cohort of EV samples. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The discovery that the transcriptomic profile of EVs secreted from aneuploid cleavage stage embryos differs from that of euploid embryos supports the possibility to develop a non-invasive methodology for PGT-A. The upregulation of MUC1 in dESCs following aneuploid embryo EV treatment proposes a new mechanism underlying implantation failure. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The study was supported by a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions fellowship awarded to SM by the European Commission (CERVINO grant agreement ID: 79620) and by a BIRTH research grant from Theramex HQ UK Ltd. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Makieva
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Giacomini
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Maria Scotti
- Centre for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Dejan Lazarevic
- Centre for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Pavone
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Jessica Ottolina
- Centro Scienze della Natalità, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Morelli
- Centre for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alteri
- Centro Scienze della Natalità, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sabrina Minetto
- Centro Scienze della Natalità, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tonon
- Centre for Omics Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, IRCCS Scientific Institute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Papaleo
- Centro Scienze della Natalità, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Lazzeri L, Andersson KL, Angioni S, Arena A, Arena S, Bartiromo L, Berlanda N, Bonin C, Candiani M, Centini G, Forno SD, Donati A, Exacoustos C, Fuggetta E, Labanca L, Maiorana A, Maneschi F, Mattei A, Muzii L, Ottolina J, Perandini A, Perelli F, Pino I, Porpora MG, Remorgida V, Scaramuzzino S, Schimberni M, Seracchioli R, Solima E, Vignali M, Zupi E, Martire FG. How to Manage Endometriosis in Adolescence: The Endometriosis Treatment Italian Club Approach. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2023; 30:616-626. [PMID: 37001691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2023.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of endometriosis in an adolescent girl is a challenging topic. The initial stage of the disease and the limited diagnostic instrument appropriate for the youth age and for its typical features can reduce the ability of the gynecologist. At the same time, missing a prompt diagnosis can delay the beginning of specific and punctual management of endometriosis, which could avoid a postponed diagnosis from 6 to 12 years, typical of adolescent girls complaining of dysmenorrhea. This article aimed to answer all the potential questions around the diagnosis and management of endometriosis in adolescents starting from a clinical case looking at the possible solution that is easily reproducible in the clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Lazzeri
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (Drs. Lazzeri, Centini, Martire, and Zupi), Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Karin Louise Andersson
- Department of Territory Health (Dr. Andersson, Exacoustos), Azienda Sanitaria Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Angioni
- Department of Surgical Sciences (Dr. Angioni), Università di Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Arena
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (Drs. A. Arena, Del Forno, and Seracchioli), DIMEC, Sant'Orsola Hospital, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Saverio Arena
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Arena), Santa Maria della Misericordia hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Bartiromo, Candiani, Ottolina, and Schimberni), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Berlanda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Berlanda and Donati), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Cecilia Bonin
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (Drs. Bonin and Perandini), Università di Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, Verona, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Bartiromo, Candiani, Ottolina, and Schimberni), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Centini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (Drs. Lazzeri, Centini, Martire, and Zupi), Università di Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Del Forno
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (Drs. A. Arena, Del Forno, and Seracchioli), DIMEC, Sant'Orsola Hospital, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Agnese Donati
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Berlanda and Donati), Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Exacoustos
- Department of Territory Health (Dr. Andersson, Exacoustos), Azienda Sanitaria Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy; Department of Surgical Sciences, Gynecologic Unit (Drs. Exacoustos, and Martire), University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Rome, Italy
| | - Eliana Fuggetta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Fuggetta and Maneschi), San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital (Drs. Labanca and Martire), Roma, Italy
| | - Luca Labanca
- Department of Surgical Sciences (Drs. Labanca), Valdarno Hospital, Azienda Toscana Sud Est, Italy
| | - Antonio Maiorana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Dr. Maiorana), ARNAS Ospedale Civico Piazza Nicola, Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Maneschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Fuggetta and Maneschi), San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital (Drs. Labanca and Martire), Roma, Italy
| | - Alberto Mattei
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (Drs. Lazzeri, Centini, Martire, and Zupi), Università di Siena, Siena, Italy; Department of Surgical Sciences, Gynecologic Unit (Drs. Exacoustos, and Martire), University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovico Muzii
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urology (Drs. Muzii, Porpora, and Scaramuzzino), Università di Roma La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Jessica Ottolina
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Bartiromo, Candiani, Ottolina, and Schimberni), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessio Perandini
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (Drs. Bonin and Perandini), Università di Verona, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Perelli
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Drs. Mattei and Perelli), Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Ida Pino
- Preventive Gynecology Unit (Dr. Pino), European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Porpora
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urology (Drs. Muzii, Porpora, and Scaramuzzino), Università di Roma La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentino Remorgida
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Dr. Remorgida), University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Sara Scaramuzzino
- Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urology (Drs. Muzii, Porpora, and Scaramuzzino), Università di Roma La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Bartiromo, Candiani, Ottolina, and Schimberni), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Renato Seracchioli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (Drs. A. Arena, Del Forno, and Seracchioli), DIMEC, Sant'Orsola Hospital, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy; Division of Gynecology and Human Reproduction Phisiopatology (Dr. Seracchioli), IRCCS, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna Italy
| | - Eugenio Solima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Solima and Vignali), Macedonio Melloni Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Vignali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Solima and Vignali), Macedonio Melloni Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Errico Zupi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine (Drs. Lazzeri, Centini, Martire, and Zupi), Università di Siena, Siena, Italy.
| | - Francesco Giuseppe Martire
- Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Drs. Mattei and Perelli), Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
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Candiani M, Ottolina J, Salmeri N, D’Alessandro S, Tandoi I, Bartiromo L, Schimberni M, Ferrari S, Villanacci R. Minimally invasive surgery for ovarian endometriosis as a mean of improving fertility: Cystectomy vs. CO2 fiber laser ablation what do we know so far? Front Surg 2023; 10:1147877. [PMID: 37051570 PMCID: PMC10083313 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2023.1147877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Minimally invasive surgery emerged in the 1980s as a safe and effective technique which requires smaller incisions and, usually, a shorter hospital stay compared to traditional surgery. Since then, minimally invasive surgery has expanded in many surgical specialties. One of its newest application in gynecology stands in the infertility management of young women with unexplained infertility or suspected endometriosis. In these cases, laparoscopy allows to diagnose and treat the disease aiming to increase at best the chances of spontaneous pregnancy or trough assisted reproductive technology. Nowadays, minimally invasive surgical approach of ovarian endometriosis consists of either laparoscopic cystectomy or ablative techniques such as laparoscopic CO2 fiber laser vaporization. Although cystectomy represents the gold standard according to the latest Cochrane review, some endometriosis experts are worried about its detrimental effect on healthy ovarian parenchyma and suggest preferring a less aggressive approach such as CO2 fiber laser vaporization. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the available evidences about the impact of the two surgical procedures on ovarian reserve markers and pregnancy outcome.
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Candiani M, Ferrari SM, Salmeri N, Dolci C, Villanacci R, Bartiromo L, Schimberni M, Tandoi I, Ottolina J. CO2 fiber laser vaporization for endometrioma treatment results in preserved ovarian responsiveness and improved embryo quality in infertile women undergoing ART. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2022:S2724-606X.22.05188-0. [PMID: 36255166 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.22.05188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertile women carrying ovarian endometriomas can be managed either with surgery or by in vitro fertilization (IVF). The objective of this study is to compare ovarian responsiveness to controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in assisted reproduction techniques (ART) in infertile women carrying small intact endometriomas and those managed by endometrioma cystectomy or CO2 fiber laser ablation. METHODS Retrospective case-control study of prospectively collected data including women underwent ART for endometriosis-related infertility. The study group consisted of infertile women undergoing endometriomas CO2 fiber laser vaporization before ART ('ART after laser CO2' group). Controls were infertile women with endometrioma managed by cystectomy before ART ('ART after cystectomy' group) and infertile women with small endometriomas undergoing ART as first approach ('ART only' group). RESULTS Of the 86 included patients, 27 (31.4%) belonged to 'ART after laser CO2' group, 37 (43%) to 'ART after cystectomy' group and 22 (25.6%) to 'ART only' group. Surgical groups had larger endometriomas than patients referred to 'ART only' group. No between-groups differences were observed in terms of COS protocol, gonadotropins starting and total doses and length of COS. While women belonged to 'ART after cystectomy' group had fewer recruited follicles (p = .014), oocytes (p = .042), MII oocytes (p = .042) and formed embryos (p = .004) compared to women of 'ART only' group, no significant differences were found between patients of 'ART only' group 'ART after laser CO2' group. A greater number of good-quality embryos were observed in surgical groups. No between-groups differences were found in clinical pregnancy rates. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate encouraging findings on IVF/ICSI outcomes after laser CO2 endometrioma ablation in terms of both quantity and quality of developed embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano M Ferrari
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Salmeri
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Dolci
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Villanacci
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Iacopo Tandoi
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy -
| | - Jessica Ottolina
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Candiani M, Ottolina J, Tandoi I, Bartiromo L, Schimberni M, Villanacci R, Ferrari S. Fertility Sparing Procedure using Carbon Dioxide Fiber Laser Vaporization of Ovarian Endometrioma. J Vis Exp 2022. [PMID: 35876511 DOI: 10.3791/63607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The surgical management of endometrioma is still a matter of debate. Cystectomy, which is recognized as the standard technique, seems to be associated with a potential reduction in the ovarian reserve due to the inadvertent removal and thermal damage of healthy ovarian tissue. New ablative techniques with reduced tissue penetration depth and less thermal spread to the surrounding parenchyma may represent a viable alternative to cystectomy. For these reasons, the aim of this manuscript is to demonstrate the ablation of the endometrioma capsule using a CO2 fiber laser technique and discuss the clinical outcomes. Once the cyst has been drained and washed, a biopsy is taken. After cyst eversion, vaporization of the inner surface of the cyst is performed using a CO2 fiber laser. The technique is simple and reproducible as even young surgeons without any surgical experience were more confident in performing laser CO2 vaporization instead of cystectomy. The positive effects of CO2 technology are reported in a randomized controlled trial, where the postoperative changes in the antral follicular count (AFC) and antimullerian hormone (AMH) levels were compared between patients who had their endometrioma excised (cystectomy) and those who had undergone endometrioma vaporization with CO2 laser. The patients treated with CO2 laser showed significantly increased AFC without a reduction in serum AMH levels as compared to the cystectomy group, in which both parameters were significantly reduced. The postoperative pregnancy rate was also assessed, and comparable pregnancy rates were found after both treatments. On the contrary, patients treated with the CO2 fiber laser technique had more favorable in-vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes compared to cystectomy. In conclusion, the CO2 fiber laser technique may represent a viable alternative to cystectomy in the surgical treatment of endometrioma in terms of ovarian preservation, pregnancy rates, and IVF outcomes. Moreover, it has the advantage of being independent of the surgeon's skills and personal experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Candiani
- Gynecological Surgery and Endometriosis Departmental Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute;
| | - Jessica Ottolina
- Gynecological Surgery and Endometriosis Departmental Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | - Iacopo Tandoi
- Gynecological Surgery and Endometriosis Departmental Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Gynecological Surgery and Endometriosis Departmental Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Gynecological Surgery and Endometriosis Departmental Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | - Roberta Villanacci
- Gynecological Surgery and Endometriosis Departmental Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Gynecological Surgery and Endometriosis Departmental Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute
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8
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Makieva S, Scotti GM, Lazarevic D, Giacomini E, Ottolina J, Bartiromo L, Schimberni M, Alteri A, Pavone V, Minetto S, Papaleo E, Morelli M, Tonon G, Viganò P. P-240 Human extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by aneuploid embryos potentiate development of non-invasive PGT-A RNA biomarkers and stimulate MUC1 up-regulation in primary endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab127.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Could EVs secreted by aneuploid embryos a) serve for development of RNA biomarkers for PGT-A and b) elicit a relevant transcriptomic response in decidualised ESCs?
Summary answer
Aneuploid embryo EVs a) contain PPM1J, LINC00561, ANKRD34C and TMED10 in differential abundance from euploid EVs and b) induce up-regulation of MUC1 in decidualised ESCs.
What is known already
Embryo aneuploidy accounts for approximately 50% of all recurrent implantation failures in women >35 years old. PGT-A identifies euploid embryos to increase implantation probability but the technology is controversial as it requires an invasive embryo biopsy with an elusive long-term biosafety. The development of non-invasive methods to screen out aneuploid embryos is paramount. It is also critical to decode the embryo-endometrial dialog underlying implantation failure. We have previously reported that IVF embryos secrete EVs that can be internalised by ESCs, conceptualising that successful implantation to the endometrium is facilitated by EVs, which may additionally serve as biomarkers of ploidy status.
Study design, size, duration
Embryos destined for biopsy on days 5-7 for PGT-A were grown under standard conditions. Spent media (30μl) were collected from euploid (n = 175) and aneuploid embryos (n = 145) at both cleavage (days 1-3) and blastocyst (days 3-5) stage. Media samples from n = 35 cleavage embryos were pooled in order to obtain five euploid and four aneuploidy pools. Blastocyst media were pooled to create one euploid and one aneuploid pool. ESCs were obtained from five women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The study was realised at a research hospital. EVs were isolated from euploid and aneuploid Day3 pools with differential ultracentrifugation and EV-RNA sequencing was performed following the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq approach. ESCs were decidualised (E2:10nM, P4:1uM, cAMP:0.5 mM twice every 48 hours) and treated for 24 hours with 50 ng/ml euploid or aneuploid EVs extracted from blastocyst media. RNA sequencing was performed on ESCs following the Truseq RNAseq protocol.
Main results and the role of chance
Aneuploid cleavage stage embryos (n = 4) secreted EVs that were less abundant in RNA fragments originating from the genes PPM1J (log2fc=-5.13, p = 0.011), LINC00561 (log2fc=-7.87, p = 0.010) and ANKRD34C (log2fc=-7.30, p = 0.017) and more abundant in TMED10 (log2fc=1.63 p = 0.025) compared to EVs (n = 5) from euploid embryos. Decidualisation per se induced downregulation of MUC1 (log2FC=-0.54, p = 0.0028) in ESCs as prerequisite for the establishment of receptive endometrium. The expression of MUC1 transcript in decidualised ESCs was significantly increased following treatment with aneuploid compared to euploid embryo-secreted EVs (log2FC=0.85, p = 0.0201).
Limitations, reasons for caution
The findings of the study may require validation utilising a second cohort of EVs samples.
Wider implications of the findings
This discovery that the RNA cargo of EVs secreted from aneuploid cleavage stage embryos is diverse from that of euploid embryos potentiates the development of non-invasive methodology for PGT-A. The upregulation of MUC1 in decidualised ESCs following aneuploid embryo EV treatment proposes a new mechanism underlying implantation failure.
Trial registration number
NA
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Affiliation(s)
- S Makieva
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - G M Scotti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - D Lazarevic
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - E Giacomini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - J Ottolina
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - L Bartiromo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milan, Italy
| | - M Schimberni
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milan, Italy
| | - A Alteri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - V Pavone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - S Minetto
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - E Papaleo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - M Morelli
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - G Tonon
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - P Viganò
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
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9
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Makieva S, Scotti GM, Lazarevic D, Giacomini E, Ottolina J, Bartiromo L, Schimberni M, Alteri A, Pavone V, Minetto S, Papaleo E, Morelli M, Tonon G, Viganò P. P–240 Human extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by aneuploid embryos potentiate development of non-invasive PGT-A RNA biomarkers and stimulate MUC1 up-regulation in primary endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Could EVs secreted by aneuploid embryos a) serve for development of RNA biomarkers for PGT-A and b) elicit a relevant transcriptomic response in decidualised ESCs?
Summary answer
Aneuploid embryo EVs a) contain PPM1J, LINC00561, ANKRD34C and TMED10 in differential abundance from euploid EVs and b) induce up-regulation of MUC1 in decidualised ESCs.
What is known already
Embryo aneuploidy accounts for approximately 50% of all recurrent implantation failures in women >35 years old. PGT-A identifies euploid embryos to increase implantation probability but the technology is controversial as it requires an invasive embryo biopsy with an elusive long-term biosafety. The development of non-invasive methods to screen out aneuploid embryos is paramount. It is also critical to decode the embryo-endometrial dialog underlying implantation failure. We have previously reported that IVF embryos secrete EVs that can be internalised by ESCs, conceptualising that successful implantation to the endometrium is facilitated by EVs, which may additionally serve as biomarkers of ploidy status.
Study design, size, duration
Embryos destined for biopsy on days 5–7 for PGT-A were grown under standard conditions. Spent media (30μl) were collected from euploid (n = 175) and aneuploid embryos (n = 145) at both cleavage (days 1–3) and blastocyst (days 3–5) stage. Media samples from n = 35 cleavage embryos were pooled in order to obtain five euploid and four aneuploidy pools. Blastocyst media were pooled to create one euploid and one aneuploid pool. ESCs were obtained from five women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
The study was realised at a research hospital. EVs were isolated from euploid and aneuploid Day3 pools with differential ultracentrifugation and EV-RNA sequencing was performed following the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq approach. ESCs were decidualised (E2:10nM, P4:1uM, cAMP:0.5 mM twice every 48 hours) and treated for 24 hours with 50 ng/ml euploid or aneuploid EVs extracted from blastocyst media. RNA sequencing was performed on ESCs following the Truseq RNAseq protocol.
Main results and the role of chance
Aneuploid cleavage stage embryos (n = 4) secreted EVs that were less abundant in RNA fragments originating from the genes PPM1J (log2fc=–5.13, p = 0.011), LINC00561 (log2fc=–7.87, p = 0.010) and ANKRD34C (log2fc=–7.30, p = 0.017) and more abundant in TMED10 (log2fc=1.63 p = 0.025) compared to EVs (n = 5) from euploid embryos. Decidualisation per se induced downregulation of MUC1 (log2FC=–0.54, p = 0.0028) in ESCs as prerequisite for the establishment of receptive endometrium. The expression of MUC1 transcript in decidualised ESCs was significantly increased following treatment with aneuploid compared to euploid embryo-secreted EVs (log2FC=0.85, p = 0.0201).
Limitations, reasons for caution
The findings of the study may require validation utilising a second cohort of EVs samples.
Wider implications of the findings: This discovery that the RNA cargo of EVs secreted from aneuploid cleavage stage embryos is diverse from that of euploid embryos potentiates the development of non-invasive methodology for PGT-A. The upregulation of MUC1 in decidualised ESCs following aneuploid embryo EV treatment proposes a new mechanism underlying implantation failure.
Trial registration number
NA
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Affiliation(s)
- S Makieva
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - G M Scotti
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - D Lazarevic
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - E Giacomini
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - J Ottolina
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - L Bartiromo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milan, Italy
| | - M Schimberni
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Milan, Italy
| | - A Alteri
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - V Pavone
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
| | - S Minetto
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - E Papaleo
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Centro Scienze della Natalità, Milan, Italy
| | - M Morelli
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - G Tonon
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Center for Omics Sciences, Milan, Italy
| | - P Viganò
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Milan, Italy
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Bartiromo L, Schimberni M, Villanacci R, Ottolina J, Dolci C, Salmeri N, Viganò P, Candiani M. Endometriosis and Phytoestrogens: Friends or Foes? A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082532. [PMID: 34444692 PMCID: PMC8398277 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review was to provide comprehensive and available data on the possible role of phytoestrogens (PE) for the treatment of endometriosis. We conducted an advanced, systematic search of online medical databases PubMed and Medline. Only full-length manuscripts written in English up to September 2020 were considered. A total of 60 studies were included in the systematic review. According to in vitro findings, 19 out of 22 studies reported the ability of PE in inducing anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory and proapoptotic effects on cultured cells. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain this in vitro action including the alteration of cell cycle proteins, the activation/inactivation of regulatory pathways, and modification of radical oxidative species levels. Thirty-eight articles on the effects of phytoestrogens on the development of endometriotic lesions in in vivo experimental animal models of endometriosis have been included. In line with in vitro findings, results also derived from animal models of endometriosis generally supported a beneficial effect of the compounds in reducing lesion growth and development. Finally, only seven studies investigated the effects of phytoestrogens intake on endometriosis in humans. The huge amount of in vitro and in vivo animal findings did not correspond to a consistent literature in the women affected. Therefore, whether the experimental findings can be translated in women is currently unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Bartiromo
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (J.O.); (C.D.); (N.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (J.O.); (C.D.); (N.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Roberta Villanacci
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (J.O.); (C.D.); (N.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Jessica Ottolina
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (J.O.); (C.D.); (N.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Carolina Dolci
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (J.O.); (C.D.); (N.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Noemi Salmeri
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (J.O.); (C.D.); (N.S.); (M.C.)
| | - Paola Viganò
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-550-343-02
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (L.B.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (J.O.); (C.D.); (N.S.); (M.C.)
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11
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Ottolina J, Ferrari S, Bartiromo L, Bonavina G, Salmeri N, Schimberni M, Makieva S, Tandoi I, Papaleo E, ViganÒ P, Candiani M. Ovarian responsiveness in assisted reproductive technology after CO2 fiber laser vaporization for endometrioma treatment: preliminary data. MINERVA ENDOCRINOL 2020; 45:288-294. [PMID: 32638581 DOI: 10.23736/s0391-1977.20.03256-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data about endometrioma ablation using energies with little thermal spread reported good results in terms of ovarian reserve and postoperative pregnancy rates. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of one step CO<inf>2</inf> fiber laser vaporization for endometrioma on subsequent controlled ovarian stimulation. METHODS This prospective observational cohort study included a consecutive series of infertile patients who have undergone CO<inf>2</inf> fibre laser vaporization for endometrioma treatment. The primary endpoint was to assess the number of follicles per ovary growing during controlled ovarian stimulation. The secondary endpoints included the number of oocytes retrieved, the total number of embryos obtained and the cumulative clinical pregnancy rate per patient treated. RESULTS Twenty-six patients underwent assisted reproductive technology after surgery for endometriosis-related infertility. In unilateral operated ovaries at the end of controlled ovarian stimulation no significant differences emerged from comparison of total recruited follicles in the operated ovary and in the contralateral ovary (P=0.55). If considering only bilateral endometriomas, the number of recruited follicles at the end of controlled ovarian stimulation was similar in both operated ovaries (P=0.79). The number of cumulative clinical pregnancies was 15 (57.7%; 95% CI: 38.5-76.9%). When comparing women aged ≤35 years to those aged >35 years, controlled ovarian stimulation outcomes were significantly higher in the younger patients. Age at the time of assisted reproductive technology was the only independent predictor for follicular growth during ovarian hyperstimulation (95% CI: -1.27 to -0.116, P=0.027). CONCLUSIONS CO2 laser-treated endometrioma is associated with favorable reproductive assisted reproductive technology outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ottolina
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy -
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Bonavina
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Noemi Salmeri
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sofia Makieva
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Iacopo Tandoi
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Papaleo
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola ViganÒ
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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12
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Ottolina J, Schimberni M, Makieva S, Bartiromo L, Fazia T, Bernardinelli L, Viganò P, Candiani M, Gentilini D. Early-life factors, in-utero exposures and endometriosis risk: a meta-analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2020; 41:279-289. [PMID: 32532666 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This meta-analysis aimed to offer a general picture of the available data on the effects of early-life factors on the risk of developing endometriosis in adult life. An advanced, systematic search of the online medical databases PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL was limited to full-length manuscripts published in English in peer-reviewed journals up to February 2019. Log of relative risk (RR) was employed to calculate the pooled effect sizes using both fixed and random effects modelling and I-squared tests to assess heterogeneity. Funnel plots were used to investigation publication bias. The meta-analysis was registered in PROSPERO (ID CRD42019138668). Six studies that included a total of 2360 women affected by endometriosis were analysed. The pooled results showed that the risk of developing endometriosis in adult life was significantly increased by being born prematurely (logRR 0.21, 95% CI -0.03 to 0.40), having a low birthweight (logRR 0.35, 95% CI -0.15 to 0.54), being formula-fed (logRR 0.65, 95% CI -0.35 to 0.95) and having been exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) in utero (logRR 0.65, 95% CI 0.26 to 1.04. Among intrauterine and early neonatal exposures, prematurity, birthweight, formula feeding and DES were risk factors for the development of endometriosis in adult life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ottolina
- Gynecol/Obstet Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Gynecol/Obstet Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sofia Makieva
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Teresa Fazia
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Luisa Bernardinelli
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Laboratory, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Gynecol/Obstet Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Bioinformatics and Statistical Genomics Unit, Cusano MilaninoMilan, Italy
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13
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Viganò P, Ottolina J, Bartiromo L, Bonavina G, Schimberni M, Villanacci R, Candiani M. Cellular Components Contributing to Fibrosis in Endometriosis: A Literature Review. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019; 27:287-295. [PMID: 31785417 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endometriosis-related fibrosis represents a complex phenomenon with underlying mechanisms yet to be clarified. Fibrosis is consistently present in all disease forms and contributes to classic endometriosis-related symptoms of pain and infertility. The purpose of this literature review was to examine the role of various cellular populations and biologic mechanisms and signaling pathways in inducing fibrogenesis of endometriotic lesions. A search was performed through PubMed and MEDLINE for animal and human studies published in English in the last 23 years that examined fibrosis in superficial, ovarian, and deep infiltrating endometriosis. The main cell types found to be involved in the development of fibrosis were platelets, macrophages, ectopic endometrial cells, and sensory nerve fibers. Interactions among each of the cell types contribute to the production of fibrosis through the production of soluble factors, mostly transforming growth factor-β but also other cytokines and neuropeptides. Cell types known to be critical to the pathophysiology of endometriosis also contribute to fibrogenesis, thus supporting the theory that fibrosis is an inherent part of endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Viganò
- Reproductive Sciences Lab, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology (Dr. Vigano).
| | - Jessica Ottolina
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit (Drs. Ottolina, Bartiromo, Bonavina, Schimberni, Villanacci, and Candiani), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit (Drs. Ottolina, Bartiromo, Bonavina, Schimberni, Villanacci, and Candiani), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Bonavina
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit (Drs. Ottolina, Bartiromo, Bonavina, Schimberni, Villanacci, and Candiani), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit (Drs. Ottolina, Bartiromo, Bonavina, Schimberni, Villanacci, and Candiani), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Villanacci
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit (Drs. Ottolina, Bartiromo, Bonavina, Schimberni, Villanacci, and Candiani), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology/Obstetrics Unit (Drs. Ottolina, Bartiromo, Bonavina, Schimberni, Villanacci, and Candiani), San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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14
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Candiani M, Ottolina J, Schimberni M, Tandoi I, Bartiromo L, Ferrari S. Recurrence Rate after "One-Step" CO 2 Fiber Laser Vaporization versus Cystectomy for Ovarian Endometrioma: A 3-Year Follow-up Study. J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2019; 27:901-908. [PMID: 31377455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmig.2019.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess postoperative recurrence rates in patients with endometriomas managed by either "one-step" CO2 fiber laser vaporization or cystectomy. DESIGN Retrospective study with prospective recording of data. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS One hundred twenty-five patients with symptomatic endometriomas. INTERVENTIONS Patients underwent a standardized laparoscopic stripping technique (group 1) or cyst vaporization with CO2 fiber laser (group 2). After surgery, patients were incorporated in a prolonged surveillance program with periodic clinical follow-up to check for recurrence of the cyst and/or recurrence of symptoms. Endometrioma recurrence was defined as an ovarian cyst (>10 mm) with a typical aspect arising on the operated ovary identified by transvaginal ultrasound. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The primary endpoint was the comparison of recurrence rates between the 2 groups. The secondary endpoint was the evaluation of endometriosis-related pain recurrence in the 2 groups. Other endpoints selected for analysis included the identification of risk factors for the recurrence of endometrioma and of endometriosis-related symptoms. The mean follow-up was 29 ± 13 months (range, 13-49). Recurrence of ovarian endometriosis was recorded in 6.3% of patients (n = 4) treated with cystectomy and in 4.9% of patients (n = 3) managed with CO2 fiber laser (p = .74). Recurrence of endometriosis-related pain was observed in 5 patients (7.8%) in group 1 and in 6 patients (9.8%) in group 2 (p = .67). Mean endometrioma diameter > 5 cm at the time of surgery was identified as the only independent poor prognostic indicator for cyst recurrence (p = .008; odds ratio [OR], 2.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-3.32). Moreover, the presence of deep endometriosis at surgery (p = .032; OR, 4.60; 95% CI, 1.14-18.57) and discontinuation of hormonal treatment (p = .015; OR, 3.18; 95% CI, 1.25-8.06) were independent poor prognostic indicators for pain recurrence. CONCLUSION This study suggests that one-step CO2 fiber laser vaporization may be effective for endometrioma treatment because it is associated with recurrence rates comparable with those occurring after cystectomy, with the advantage of being an ovarian tissue-sparing technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Candiani
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (all authors)
| | - Jessica Ottolina
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (all authors)..
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (all authors)
| | - Iacopo Tandoi
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (all authors)
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (all authors)
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- Gynecology Department, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy (all authors)
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15
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Alio L, Angioni S, Arena S, Bartiromo L, Bergamini V, Berlanda N, Bonin C, Busacca M, Candiani M, Centini G, D’Alterio MN, Di Cello A, Exacoustos C, Fedele L, Frattaruolo MP, Incandela D, Lazzeri L, Luisi S, Maiorana A, Maneschi F, Martire F, Massarotti C, Mattei A, Muzii L, Ottolina J, Perandini A, Perelli F, Pino I, Porpora MG, Raimondo D, Remorgida V, Seracchioli R, Solima E, Somigliana E, Sorrenti G, Venturella R, Vercellini P, Viganó P, Vignali M, Zullo F, Zupi E. When more is not better: 10 'don'ts' in endometriosis management. An ETIC * position statement. Hum Reprod Open 2019; 2019:hoz009. [PMID: 31206037 PMCID: PMC6560357 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoz009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A network of endometriosis experts from 16 Italian academic departments and teaching hospitals distributed all over the country made a critical appraisal of the available evidence and definition of 10 suggestions regarding measures to be de-implemented. Strong suggestions were made only when high-quality evidence was available. The aim was to select 10 low-value medical interventions, characterized by an unfavorable balance between potential benefits, potential harms, and costs, which should be discouraged in women with endometriosis. The following suggestions were agreed by all experts: do not suggest laparoscopy to detect and treat superficial peritoneal endometriosis in infertile women without pelvic pain symptoms; do not recommend controlled ovarian stimulation and IUI in infertile women with endometriosis at any stage; do not remove small ovarian endometriomas (diameter <4 cm) with the sole objective of improving the likelihood of conception in infertile patients scheduled for IVF; do not remove uncomplicated deep endometriotic lesions in asymptomatic women, and also in symptomatic women not seeking conception when medical treatment is effective and well tolerated; do not systematically request second-level diagnostic investigations in women with known or suspected non-subocclusive colorectal endometriosis or with symptoms responding to medical treatment; do not recommend repeated follow-up serum CA-125 (or other currently available biomarkers) measurements in women successfully using medical treatments for uncomplicated endometriosis in the absence of suspicious ovarian cysts; do not leave women undergoing surgery for ovarian endometriomas and not seeking immediate conception without post-operative long-term treatment with estrogen-progestins or progestins; do not perform laparoscopy in adolescent women (<20 years) with moderate-severe dysmenorrhea and clinically suspected early endometriosis without prior attempting to relieve symptoms with estrogen-progestins or progestins; do not prescribe drugs that cannot be used for prolonged periods of time because of safety or cost issues as first-line medical treatment, unless estrogen-progestins or progestins have been proven ineffective, not tolerated, or contraindicated; do not use robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis outside research settings. Our proposal is to better address medical and surgical approaches to endometriosis de-implementing low-value interventions, with the aim to prevent unnecessary morbidity, limit psychological distress, and reduce the burden of treatment avoiding medical overuse and allowing a more equitable distribution of healthcare resources.
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16
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Alio L, Angioni S, Arena S, Bartiromo L, Bergamini V, Berlanda N, Bonanni V, Bonin C, Buggio L, Candiani M, Centini G, D'Alterio MN, De Stefano F, Di Cello A, Exacoustos C, Fedele L, Frattaruolo MP, Geraci E, Lavarini E, Lazzeri L, Luisi S, Maiorana A, Makieva S, Maneschi F, Martire F, Massarotti C, Mattei A, Muzii L, Ottolina J, Pagliardini L, Perandini A, Perelli F, Pino I, Porpora MG, Remorgida V, Scagnelli G, Seracchioli R, Solima E, Somigliana E, Sorrenti G, Ticino A, Venturella R, Viganò P, Vignali M, Zullo F, Zupi E. Endometriosis: seeking optimal management in women approaching menopause. Climacteric 2019; 22:329-338. [PMID: 30628469 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1549213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of endometriosis in middle-aged women is not minimal compared to that in the reproductive age group. The treatment of affected women after childbearing age to the natural transition toward menopause has received considerably poor attention. Disease management is problematic for these women due to increased contraindications regarding hormonal treatment and the possibility for malignant transformation, considering the increased cancer risk in patients with a long-standing history of the disease. This state-of-the-art review aims for the first time to assess the benefits of the available therapies to help guide treatment decisions for the care of endometriosis in women approaching menopause. Progestins are proven effective in reducing pain and should be preferred in these women. According to the international guidelines that lack precise recommendations, hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy should be the definitive therapy in women who have completed their reproductive arc, if medical therapy has failed. Strict surveillance or surgery with removal of affected gonads should be considered in cases of long-standing or recurrent endometriomas, especially in the presence of modifications of ultrasonographic cyst patterns. Although rare, malignant transformation of various tissues in endometriosis patients has been described, and management is herein discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Alio
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Civico Hospital , Palermo , Italy
| | - S Angioni
- b Department of Surgical Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - S Arena
- c Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera Perugia , Perugia , Italy
| | - L Bartiromo
- d Gynecology Department , IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - V Bergamini
- e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata , Verona , Italy
| | - N Berlanda
- f Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,g Gynaecology Unit , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - V Bonanni
- h Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Urology , ' Sapienza' University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - C Bonin
- e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata , Verona , Italy
| | - L Buggio
- g Gynaecology Unit , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - M Candiani
- d Gynecology Department , IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - G Centini
- i Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - M N D'Alterio
- b Department of Surgical Sciences , University of Cagliari , Cagliari , Italy
| | - F De Stefano
- d Gynecology Department , IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - A Di Cello
- j Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology , Università degli Studi Magna Graecia , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - C Exacoustos
- k Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università degli studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata' , Rome , Italy
| | - L Fedele
- f Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,g Gynaecology Unit , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - M P Frattaruolo
- g Gynaecology Unit , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - E Geraci
- l Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Asola Hospital , Mantova , Italy
| | - E Lavarini
- e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata , Verona , Italy
| | - L Lazzeri
- i Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - S Luisi
- i Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - A Maiorana
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Civico Hospital , Palermo , Italy
| | - S Makieva
- m Division of Genetics and Cell Biology , IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - F Maneschi
- n Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital , Roma , Italy
| | - F Martire
- k Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università degli studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata' , Rome , Italy
| | - C Massarotti
- o Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Ospedale Policlinico San Martino , Genoa , Italy.,p Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - A Mattei
- q Department of Minimally Invasive Gynaecological Surgery , Centre Tuscany USL , Florence , Italy
| | - L Muzii
- h Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Urology , ' Sapienza' University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - J Ottolina
- d Gynecology Department , IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - L Pagliardini
- m Division of Genetics and Cell Biology , IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - A Perandini
- e Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata , Verona , Italy
| | - F Perelli
- r Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - I Pino
- s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Milan, Macedonio Melloni Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - M G Porpora
- h Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Urology , ' Sapienza' University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - V Remorgida
- o Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Ospedale Policlinico San Martino , Genoa , Italy.,p Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI) , University of Genoa , Genoa , Italy
| | - G Scagnelli
- s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Milan, Macedonio Melloni Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - R Seracchioli
- t Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproductive Unit , University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna , Bologna , Italy
| | - E Solima
- s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Milan, Macedonio Melloni Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - E Somigliana
- f Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,g Gynaecology Unit , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - G Sorrenti
- k Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università degli studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata' , Rome , Italy
| | - A Ticino
- h Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Urology , ' Sapienza' University of Rome , Rome , Italy
| | - R Venturella
- j Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Obstetrics and Gynecology , Università degli Studi Magna Graecia , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - P Viganò
- m Division of Genetics and Cell Biology , IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute , Milan , Italy
| | - M Vignali
- s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Milan, Macedonio Melloni Hospital , Milan , Italy
| | - F Zullo
- u Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Medicine , University of Naples Federico II , Naples , Italy
| | - E Zupi
- k Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università degli studi di Roma 'Tor Vergata' , Rome , Italy
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17
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Abstract
Endometriosis is an inflammatory disease affecting 7-10% of women throughout their reproductive life. Few data are available regarding the age at menopause of women affected by this disease. Most of the available evidence, although scanty, would indicate that both ovarian surgery for endometriomas and endometriosis per se appear to influence age at menopause. Other factors might interfere with the age at menopause of women affected by endometriosis. The purpose of this review was to examine the age at menopause in women with a history of endometriosis and to identify factors that might affect the timing of menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ottolina
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy -
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sofia Makieva
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Schimberni
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Department of Gynecology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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18
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Sanchez AM, Vanni VS, Bartiromo L, Papaleo E, Zilberberg E, Candiani M, Orvieto R, Viganò P. Is the oocyte quality affected by endometriosis? A review of the literature. J Ovarian Res 2017; 10:43. [PMID: 28701212 PMCID: PMC5508680 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-017-0341-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent chronic inflammatory condition that affects women in their reproductive period causing infertility and pelvic pain. The disease, especially at the ovarian site has been shown to have a detrimental impact on ovarian physiology. Indeed, sonographic and histologic data tend to support the idea that ovarian follicles of endometriosis patients are decreased in number and more atretic. Moreover, the local intrafollicular environment of patients affected is characterized by alterations of the granulosa cell compartment including reduced P450 aromatase expression and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species generation. However, no comprehensive evaluation of the literature addressing the effect of endometriosis on oocyte quality from both a clinical and a biological perspective has so far been conducted. Based on this systematic review of the literature, oocytes retrieved from women affected by endometriosis are more likely to fail in vitro maturation and to show altered morphology and lower cytoplasmic mitochondrial content compared to women with other causes of infertility. Results from meta-analyses addressing IVF outcomes in women affected would indicate that a reduction in the number of mature oocytes retrieved is associated with endometriosis while a reduction in fertilization rates is more likely to be associated with minimal/mild rather than with moderate/severe disease. However, evidence in this field is still far to be conclusive, especially with regards to the effects of different stages of the disease and to the impact of patients’ previous medical/surgical treatment(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Sanchez
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Valeria Stella Vanni
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Ludovica Bartiromo
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Papaleo
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Eran Zilberberg
- Infertility and IVF unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Massimo Candiani
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Vita Salute San Raffaele University School of Medicine, IRCCS, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Infertility and IVF unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,The Tarnesby-Tarnowsky Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, at the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Paola Viganò
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
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