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Papastefan ST, Zeineddin S, Blakely ML, Lovvorn HN, Huang LW, Raval MV, Lautz TB. Association of Prophylactic Antibiotics With Early Infectious Complications in Children With Cancer Undergoing Central Venous Access Device Placement. Ann Surg 2023:00000658-990000000-00686. [PMID: 37870252 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000006140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of prophylactic antibiotics on early infectious complications after central venous access device (VAD) placement in children with cancer. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Despite the frequency of VAD procedures in children, the effectiveness of prophylactic antibiotics for reducing infectious complications is unknown. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of children with cancer undergoing central VAD placement identified in the Pediatric Health Information System database between 2017-2021. The primary outcome was the rate of early infectious complications (composite surgical site infections, central line-associated bloodstream infections, and bacteremia). Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate factors associated with early infection, and heterogeneity of treatment effect of prophylactic antibiotics was compared across subgroups. RESULTS 9,216 patients were included (6,058 ports and 3,158 tunneled lines). Prophylactic antibiotics were associated with lower early infectious complications overall (1.3% vs. 2.4%; OR 0.55 [95% C.I. 0.39-0.79], P<0.001), an effect demonstrated for tunneled lines (OR 0.59, 95% C.I.: 0.41-0.84) but not ports (OR 3.01, 95% C.I.: 0.66-13.78). On multivariate analysis, prophylactic antibiotics (OR 0.67, 95% C.I.: 0.45-0.97) and solid tumors (OR 0.38, 95% C.I.: 0.22-0.64) were associated with reduced odds of early infections, while tunneled lines (OR 20.78, 95% C.I.: 9.83-43.93) and acute myelogenous leukemia (OR 2.37, 95% C.I.: 1.58-3.57) had increased odds. CONCLUSIONS Prophylactic antibiotics are associated with reduced early infectious complications after central VAD placement overall. Despite recommendations from multiple national organizations against prophylactic antibiotics, these findings suggest a benefit in children with malignancy undergoing tunneled line placement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven T Papastefan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Suhail Zeineddin
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Martin L Blakely
- Department of Surgery, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence Based Medicine, Institute for Implementation Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Harold N Lovvorn
- Department of Surgery, Center for Clinical Research and Evidence Based Medicine, Institute for Implementation Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX
| | - Lynn Wei Huang
- Northwestern Quality Improvement, Research, & Education in Surgery (NQUIRES), Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Mehul V Raval
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
- Northwestern Quality Improvement, Research, & Education in Surgery (NQUIRES), Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Timothy B Lautz
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL
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Sullivan GA, Huang LW, Schäfer WLA, Tian Y, Reiter AJ, Essner B, Hu A, Ingram MC, Balbale S, Johnson JK, Holl JL, Raval MV. Association of Multimodal Pain Control with Patient-Reported Outcomes in Children Undergoing Surgery. J Pediatr Surg 2023; 58:1206-1212. [PMID: 36948934 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2023.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our aim was to describe practices in multimodal pain management at US children's hospitals and evaluate the association between non-opioid pain management strategies and pediatric patient-reported outcomes (PROs). METHODS Data were collected as part of the 18-hospital ENhanced Recovery In CHildren Undergoing Surgery (ENRICH-US) clinical trial. Non-opioid pain management strategies included use of preoperative and postoperative non-opioid analgesics, regional anesthetic blocks, and a biobehavioral intervention. PROs included perioperative nervousness, pain-related functional disability, health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Associations were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS Among 186 patients, 62 (33%) received preoperative analgesics, 186 (100%) postoperative analgesics, 81 (44%) regional anesthetic block, and 135 (73%) used a biobehavioral intervention. Patients were less likely to report worsened as compared to stable nervousness following regional anesthetic block (relative risk ratio [RRR]:0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]:0.11-0.85), use of a biobehavioral technique (RRR:0.26, 95% CI:0.10-0.70), and both in combination (RRR:0.08, 95% CI:0.02-0.34). There were no associations of non-opioid pain control modalities with pain-related functional disability or HRQoL. CONCLUSION Use of postoperative non-opioid analgesics have been largely adopted, while preoperative non-opioid analgesics and regional anesthetic blocks are used less frequently. Regional anesthetic blocks and biobehavioral interventions may mitigate postoperative nervousness in children. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwyneth A Sullivan
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Lynn Wei Huang
- Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Willemijn L A Schäfer
- Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yao Tian
- Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Audra J Reiter
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bonnie Essner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Andrew Hu
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha C Ingram
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Salva Balbale
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Julie K Johnson
- Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jane L Holl
- Biological Sciences Division, Department of Neurology, Center for Healthcare Delivery Science and Innovation, University of Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mehul V Raval
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Surgical Outcomes and Quality Improvement Center (SOQIC), Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Huang LW, Jiang N, Ping J, Zhang J, Xu LM. [Study on anti- fibrotic mechanism of Fuzheng -Huayu formula to suppress autophagy in mice]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2019; 27:621-627. [PMID: 31594080 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To determine whether the anti-hepatic fibrosis effect of Fuzheng-Huayu formula is related to suppress autophagy in mice. Methods: C57 mice were randomly divided into normal group (N group) and model group. The model group was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride to induce liver fibrosis in mice, and the normal group was injected with equal volume of olive oil. After 1 week, the model group was randomly divided into model (M) group, rapamycin (Rapa) group, rapamycin plus chloroquine (Rapa+CQ) group, rapamycin plus salvianolic acid B (Rapa+Sal B) group, rapamycin plus Fuzheng -Huayu formula (Rapa+FZ) group. Each drug group was administered corresponding drugs by gavage on a daily basis, and N group and M group were given the equal amount of drinking water by gavage. After 5 weeks, the mice were sacrificed, and HE and Sirius red staining were used to observe the inflammation and collagen deposition on liver tissue in each group. The hydroxyproline content was determined by alkaline hydrolysis method. Western blotting was used to detect changes in the expression of autophagy in liver tissue and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3II/I (LC3II/I), p62, α-smooth muscle actin (ɑ-SMA) and type I collagen expression. Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the immunofluorescence localization of ɑ-SMA and LC3B in liver tissues of each group. ). A t-test was used to compare the two independent samples. LSD or Dunnett's T3 test were used to compare the mean of multiple samples. Results: There was no significant difference in N and M groups in terms of body weight. The body weight of the mice in each drug group decreased significantly (F = 14.041, P < 0.001). The liver/spleen /body weight ratios of each drug group and M group were significantly higher than the N group (F = 26.992, 6.589, P < 0.001). The expression of p62 protein in the liver tissue of mice in each drug group was lower than M group, and the difference between Rapa group and Rapa+Sal B group (F = 3.085, P = 0.039, 0.003) was statistically significant, while that of Rapa + Sal B group was lower. Compared with group M, the expression of LC3B II in Rapa group was significantly higher (F = 7.514, P = 0.01). Immunofluorescence staining showed that LC3B and α-SMA CO-stained cells were absent in the liver of mice in N group, and co-stained cells were found in the liver of mice in M group. The co-stained cells in the liver of mice in each drug group were significantly higher than M group, and the co-stained cells in Rapa+FZ group were fewer. Compared with the N group, the collagen deposition of M group and each drug group was significantly increased; the collagen deposition of each drug group was lower than that of the M group. There was no statistically significant difference between each drug group. Compared with N group (77.75 + 48.79), hydroxyproline in liver tissue of mice in M group was significantly increased (293.48 + 84.43) (F = 3.015, P = 0.005), and the content of hydroxyproline in liver tissue of mice in each drug group was lower than M group, but the difference was not statistically significant (F = 0.750, P = 0.573). Compared with the N group, the expressions of α-SMA and type I collagen in the M group were significantly increased (F = 27.718, 18.893, P < 0.01). The expression of α-SMA in Rapa group and Rapa+Sal B group was similar to M group, while Rapa + CQ group and Rapa + FZ group were significantly lower than Rapa group and M group (P < 0.01). The expression of type I collagen in Rapa + CQ group was significantly higher than Rapa group (P = 0.017), while the expression of type I collagen in Rapa + FZ group was significantly lower than M group (P = 0.013). Conclusion: Autophagy of hepatic stellate cells was observed in carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis model. Rapamycin can promote autophagy in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells. Fuzheng-Huayu formula and Salvianolic Acid B might antagonize the effect of rapamycin on autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Baoshan Branch, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201999, China;Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - N Jiang
- Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - J Ping
- Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Diseases and Syndromes of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - J Zhang
- Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - L M Xu
- Shuguang Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Institute of Liver Diseases, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai 201203, China; Key Laboratory of Diseases and Syndromes of Liver and Kidney Diseases, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Key Clinical Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Chronic Liver Disease Deficiency and Damage), Shanghai 201203, China
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Yang CS, Yang Y, Huang LW, Zhang XW, Liu SQ, Qiu HB. [Survey of continuous renal replacement therapy application status]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 96:3151-3155. [PMID: 27852414 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2016.39.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the condition of implementation of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in quality control center of critical care medicine. Methods: Questionnaire mails were issued to all of the quality control respondents to survey the application of CRRT in June 2015 from Jiangsu quality control center of critical care medicine. Results: Among the 69 quality control respondents, 62 were equipped with CRRT devices, and in 58 of which patients were treated with CRRT. There were 195 doctors and 253 nurses in 62 quality control respondents attended CRRT training at or above the provincial level; the proportions of hospitals in southern, central and northern regions of Jiangsu were 63%, 79% and 86% respectively with trained doctors (more than 2), and 34%, 38% and 43% respectively with trained nurses (more than 3). The preferred material for CRRT filter were AN69 and acrylic, accounting for 48% and 45% respectively. The average life span was less than 12 h for 21% filters, 12-24 h for 34% filters, and more than 72 h for only 2% filters. Manual displacement liquids were currently mainly used in our province, accounting for 75%. Heparin is the most frequently used anticoagulants, accounting for 48%. Citrate and low molecular weight heparin used for anticoagulation accounted for 31% and 21% respectively. Bleeding was the most common clinical complication (43%) in patients with CRRT, followed by low temperature (22%). The average hospitalization expenses for patients with CRRT amounted to 69 643 yuan RMB per person, in which the cost for CRRT accounted for 19 525 yuan RMB per person. Conclusion: The application of CRRT varies in filter materials, anticoagulants, replacement frequencies and dilution mode. Bleeding is the most common clinical complication in patients with CRRT. Besides, the proportion of trained doctors and nurses at the provincial level is still very low. It will be improved with intensive training and reasonable implementation for us to prolong the lifespan of the filters and reduce the cost for patients with CRRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital and School of Clinical Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Yang IF, Hwang JL, Chen HJ, Huang LW. Successful transvaginal aspiration of interstitial pregnancy after failed methotrexate treatment. CLIN EXP OBSTET GYN 2016; 43:899-901. [PMID: 29944249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial pregnancy is an uncommon condition that is challenging, not only in making an accurate diagnosis, but also in the choice of treatment. Systemic methotrexate (MTX) treatment has been favored to prevent scarring of the uterus. Nevertheless, surgery is generally indicated when this treatment fails. Transvaginal aspiration of the gestational tissue has been proposed as an alternative to surgery. The authors present a case of interstitial pregnancy in which the patient failed to respond to multidose MTX treatment and was successfully treated with transvaginal sonography-guided transvaginal aspiration of the gestational tissue, thereby bypassing the risk associated with undergoing major surgery. Transvaginal aspiration of conceptive tissue may be a novel treatment for patients with unruptured interstitial pregnancy.
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Liu L, Yan Y, Zhou J, Huang LW, He CP, Ling K, Zhou HC, Wen QM, Wang XM. Curative effect of combined lamivudine, adefovir dipivoxil, and stem cell transplantation on decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis. Genet Mol Res 2014; 13:9336-42. [PMID: 24634299 DOI: 10.4238/2014.february.21.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study assessed the clinical efficacy of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil combined with autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation as treatment for patients with hepatitis B and decompensated liver cirrhosis. In total, 77 patients with hepatitis B and decompensated liver cirrhosis were randomly divided into two groups. Under general symptomatic and supportive treatment, the patients in group A (37 cases) were treated with lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil, whereas those in group B (40 cases) were treated with autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation in combination with lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil. After 4 weeks of treatment, the liver function indicators and clinical signs and symptoms of the patients in group B improved more significantly than those of patients in group A. Lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil in combination with autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation effectively prevented hepatitis B virus infection and bone marrow stem cell damage. This combination treatment facilitates the differentiation of bone marrow stem cells into normal liver cells to restore liver structure and improve liver function, thereby improving the quality of life of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Y Yan
- Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology School of Medicine and Health Management, Wuhan, China
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - L W Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - C P He
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - K Ling
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - H C Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Q M Wen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - X M Wang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Meng DW, Wu XL, Sun F, Huang LW, Liu F, Han YJ, Zheng JP, Meng X, Mason R. High-pressure polymorphic transformation of rutile to alpha-PbO2-type TiO2 at {011}R twin boundaries. Micron 2007; 39:280-6. [PMID: 17698363 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2007.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The presence of nano-scale lamellae of the alpha-PbO2-type polymorph of TiO2 sandwiched between twinned rutile inclusions in jadeite has been confirmed by electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, backed up by image simulation techniques, from ultrahigh-pressure jadeite quartzite at Shuanghe in the Dabie Mountains, China. The crystal structure is orthorhombic with lattice parameters a=4.58 A, b=5.42 A, c=5.02 A and space group Pbcn. A three-dimensional structural model has been constructed for the rutile to alpha-PbO2-type TiO2 phase transformation based on high-resolution electron microscopic images. Computer image simulation and structural model analysis reveal that rutile {011}R twin interface is a basic structural unit of alpha-PbO2-type TiO2. Nucleation of alpha-PbO2-type TiO2 lamellae 1-2 nm thick is caused by the displacement of one half of the titanium cations within the {011}R twin slab. This displacement reduces the Ti-O-Ti distance and is favored by high pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D W Meng
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Zhou ZM, Fang CH, Huang LW, Zhong SZ, Wang BL, Zhou WY. Three dimensional reconstruction of the pancreas based on the virtual Chinese human--female number 1. Postgrad Med J 2006; 82:392-6. [PMID: 16754708 PMCID: PMC2563754 DOI: 10.1136/pgmj.2005.039230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the three dimensional (3D) reconstruction and 3D visualisation of the pancreas and create anatomy of the digitalised visual pancreas so as to construct a concrete basis for virtual operation and surgical operation on pancreas. METHODS The digital imaging data of pancreas, duodenum, common bile duct, arteries, and veins were obtained from the virtual Chinese human--female 1 (VCH-F1). The image data were investigated and 380 images ascertained of pancreas picked up from images numbers 2617 to 2996. Finally, the images from number 2574 to 3017 were adopted to segment and processed using ACDSee and Photoshop so as to reconstruct 3D pancreas digitally. The data of pancreatic surfaces were transformed into Visualization Toolkit (VTK). The GUI program written with VC+ was used to display this VTK file and realise 3D visualisation of the pancreas. RESULTS 3D reconstruction and visualisation of the pancreas and the peri-pancreatic structures (the duodenum, the common bile duct,the inferior vena cava, the portal vein vessels, the aorta, the coeliac trunk vessels) was successful. The 3D and visualised pancreas manifested itself with its complete structure as well as its adjacency to other tissues. CONCLUSION The 3D reconstruction and 3D visualisation of the pancreas based on the digital data of VCH-F1 produces a digitally visualised pancreas, which promises a novel method for virtual operation on the pancreas, clinical operation on the pancreas, and anatomy of 3D visualised pancreas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Lin YH, Huang LW, Hwang JL. Complete hydatidiform mole with a coexisting fetus resulting from in vitro fertilization. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005; 90:74-5. [PMID: 15916764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2005.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2005] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, No.95 Wen Chang Road, Shih Lin District, Taipei, Taiwan
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Jiang SP, Huang LW. Role of gastroesophageal reflux disease in asthmatic patients. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2005; 9:151-60. [PMID: 16080634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and asthma is well accepted. The prevalence of GERD increases in asthmatics compared with normal controls, whereas GERD may induce or exacerbate asthma. They interact with each other in a cause and effect relationship. But the mechanism by which GERD might induce or aggravate asthmatic symptoms remains unclear. Two mechanisms have been proposed, including (1) acid in the inflamed esophagus acting on exposed receptor causes an increase in bronchial hyper-responsiveness via the vagal reflex; (2) microaspiration of gastric contents damage the bronchial mucosa, which result in inflammation of the mucosa and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Among the GERD diagnostic methods, ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring bears the highest sensitivity. Ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring is recommended in patients without classic reflux symptoms or those with difficult to control asthma. Both medical and surgical antireflux therapy could improve asthma symptoms, asthma medication requirements, and even pulmonary function in a proportion of asthmatics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, GuangZhou, China
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Lin HY, Chiu YP, Huang LW, Chen YW, Fu TY, Chang CS, Tsong TT. Self-organized growth of nanopucks on Pb quantum islands. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:136101. [PMID: 15904006 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Electronic Moirè patterns found on lead (Pb) quantum islands can serve as a template to grow self-organized cluster (nanopucks) arrays of various materials. These patterns can be divided into fcc- and hcp-stacked areas, which exhibit different binding strengths to the deposited adatoms. For Ag adatoms, the binding energy can differ substantially and the confined nucleation thus occurs in the fcc sites. Both the size distribution and spatial arrangement of the Ag nanopucks are analyzed and found to be commensurate with the characteristics of the template island, which exhibits a bilayer oscillatory behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Lin
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Huang LW, Chou YY, Chao SL, Chen TJ, Lee TT. p53 and p21 expression in precancerous lesions and carcinomas of the uterine cervix: overexpression of p53 predicts poor disease outcome. Gynecol Oncol 2001; 83:348-54. [PMID: 11606096 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2001.6397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Abnormal expression of the p53 and p21(waf1/cip1) tumor suppressor genes has been observed in a variety of human tumors, but little is known about its expression during cervical tumorigenesis. To identify the potential implications of both genes in the development of cervical carcinoma and explore the clinical importance of changes in gene expression, we assessed the levels of both proteins in precancerous lesions and carcinomas of the cervix. METHODS In our study, 10 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 35 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 12 microinvasive carcinomas, and 103 invasive carcinomas were evaluated. The expression of p53 and p21 was studied by immunohistochemistry using monoclonal antibodies specific for these proteins. RESULTS p21 was expressed in all samples of normal epithelium, LSIL, and HSIL, and the mean values of expression were 50.3, 42.5, and 44.5%, respectively. Conversely, the expression of p21 was significantly reduced in microinvasive (30.7%) and invasive carcinomas (9.9%). p53 nuclear staining was not detected in normal epithelium samples or LSILs, while 4 (11.4%) of 35 HSILs, 1 (8.3%) of 12 microinvasive carcinomas, and 38 (36.9%) of 103 invasive carcinomas were positive for p53. Compared with the results of the control group, precancerous lesions, and microinvasive carcinoma, the mean value of p53 expression (4.8%) in invasive carcinoma was significantly higher. Furthermore, p53 overexpression was significantly associated with advanced stage of the tumor (P < 0.001) [16/67 (23.9%) stage I, 15/28 (53.6%) stage II, and 7/8 (87.5%) stage III/IV]. In univariate analysis, p53 overexpression was a significant predictor of poor survival, whereas it had no independent influence on overall survival using the Cox regression method. Our data also revealed that no association between p53 immunostaining and p21 expression was found. CONCLUSIONS The trend of reduced p21 expression in microinvasive and invasive carcinomas suggests that p21 may play a tumor-suppressor function in neoplastic transformation in cervical epithelium and inactivation of p21 may be an early event in cervical carcinogenesis. Our results indicated that p53 overexpression was a significant predictor of poor disease outcome in univariate analysis. Moreover, significantly increased expression of p53 in advanced-stage cervical carcinoma implies that inactivation of p53 is associated with tumor progression. Finally, this study further supports the notion that induction of p21 expression can be regulated in a p53-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Huang LW, Chang KL, Chen CJ, Liu HW. Arginase levels are increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2001; 17:358-63. [PMID: 11593962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Arginase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) compete for the same substrate, L-arginine. The reciprocal regulation of arginase and NOS in L-arginine-metabolizing pathways has recently been demonstrated. Since NOS is involved in the inflammation of human arthritides, we hypothesized that this reciprocal regulation might also occur within the inflamed synovium. The present study shows that both serum arginase activity and protein levels were significantly higher in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) than in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or osteoarthritis (OA) or in healthy controls. Arginase protein concentrations in supernatants of monocyte cultures from RA patients were also significantly higher than in those from SLE or OA patients or healthy controls. In RA patients, there was a significant correlation between the serum concentrations of arginase protein and rheumatoid factor (r = 0.82, p < 0.0001). These data indicate that increased arginase production is seen in RA patients, but not in other immune-related diseases, suggesting that increased arginase production is unique to, and may play an important role in, the pathogenesis of RA disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- School of Technology for Medical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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14
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Abstract
It is well known that the baroreflex activity decreases with aging. However, the mechanisms of this change are still not clear. Thus, we investigated one of the parameters to see whether aging alters gene expression of muscarinic receptors in the heart of Wistar rat aged between 2 months (adult) and 24 months (aged). The mRNA level determination by Northern blot analysis for muscarinic M2 cholinoceptors in aged rat was decreased as compared to that in 2-month-old rats. Quantification of receptor protein using selective antibodies indicated that the level of muscarinic M2 cholinoceptor in the heart of 24-month-old rats was lower than that in 2-month-old animals. These results indicate the decrease of muscarinic M2 cholinoceptor in heart with aging that may contribute as one of the parameters for dysfunction in baroreflex activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Lo
- Cardiology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Municipal Chung-Hsin Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
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15
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Abstract
Human arginase was purified from liver and two monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), HA1 and HA2, were produced by fusion of spleen cells from an arginase-immunized BALB/c mouse and the NS-1 myeloma cell line. Both MAbs were of the IgG3 subclass and contained the kappa light chain. HA1 inhibited arginase activity, suggesting that it binds to the arginase catalytic site. HA1 and a horseradish peroxidase-conjugated polyclonal rabbit anti-human arginase antibody were used to develop a sandwich enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) for the quantification of human arginase, which can be used in the 1 to 300 ng/mL range. Because of its sensitivity and specificity, this MAb can be successfully applied to the ELISA quantification of arginase in serum and culture supernatants.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- School of Technology for Medical Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan
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16
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Abstract
Subtypes of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor (alpha(1)-AR) in the cultured myoblast C(2)C(12) cells have been examined using molecular biological identifications. Expression of the two distinct mRNAs that encode proteins of alpha(1A)- and alpha(1B)-AR was studied using reverse transcription combined with polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results of RT-PCR demonstrated a marked expression of alpha(1A)-AR in the prostate of rats. Samples from the C(2)C(12) cells under the same amount of amplification showed the expression of alpha(1A)-AR at a level slightly lower than that from the prostate of rats. Western blotting analysis using receptor subtype-specific antibody also indicated that the alpha(1A)-AR was expressed in C(2)C(12) cells as well as in prostate of rats. However, although the expression of alpha(1B)-AR was obtained in the spleen of rats, expression of alpha(1B)-AR was undetectable in the C(2)C(12) cells either the results of RT-PCR or the Western blotting analysis. The present study suggests that alpha(1A)-AR is a major subtype of alpha(1)-AR in the C(2)C(12) cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, 70101, ROC, Tainan, Taiwan
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17
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Huang LW, Garrett AP, Schorge JO, Muto MG, Bell DA, Welch WR, Berkowitz RS, Mok SC. Distinct allelic loss patterns in papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum. Am J Clin Pathol 2000; 114:93-9. [PMID: 10884804 DOI: 10.1309/p51m-b66m-jfkw-er5a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor and normal tissues from 55 patients with papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum (PSCP) were analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction amplification of tandem repeat polymorphism was used to screen for loss of heterozygosity (LOH). We mapped 22 oligonucleotide primers to chromosomes 1p, 3p, 6q, 7q, 9p, 11p, 17p, 17q, and Xq. Germline BRCA1 mutation status of 43 patients was determined previously. High frequencies (> 30%) of LOH in PSCP were observed on 6q, 9p, 17p, 17q, and Xq. Compared with allelic loss of serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma (SEOC), the frequency of LOH was significantly lower in PSCP on 1p, 7q, 11p, 17p, and 17q. Of 43 cases screened for germline BRCA1 mutations, 9 cases were identified with mutations. The frequencies of LOH were not significantly different among the BRCA1-related and BRCA1-unrelated PSCP cases. The high LOH rate identified on 6q, 9p, 17p, 17q, and Xq in PSCP suggests that candidate tumor suppressor genes residing in these regions may be important for the development of the tumor. Compared with allelic loss of SEOC, PSCP exhibits a significantly lower frequency of LOH on chromosomes 1p36, 7q31.3, 11p15.1, 17p13.1, and 17q21. An increase in susceptibility to the acquisition of allelic loss in BRCA1-related PSCP cannot be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Huang LW, Garrett AP, Bell DA, Welch WR, Berkowitz RS, Mok SC. Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 protein and mRNA in epithelial ovarian tumors. Gynecol Oncol 2000; 77:369-76. [PMID: 10831344 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.2000.5806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) can degrade gelatin and type IV collagen and is known to play an important role in tumor cell invasion across the basement membrane. The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) is able to prevent activation of pro-MMP-9 and forms a 1:1 complex with the active form of MMP-9. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in benign, borderline, and invasive epithelial ovarian tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 90 patients with epithelial ovarian tumor were treated at the Brigham and Women's Hospital and were used as the study population. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were performed to detect protein and mRNA expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. RESULTS In the 90 epithelial ovarian tumors tested, MMP-9 expression in tumor cells was found to be significantly enhanced in serous and mucinous ovarian carcinomas compared with benign and borderline tumors. We also observed the immunostaining of MMP-9 in stromal cells of benign, borderline, and invasive epithelial ovarian tumors. Moreover, the expression levels of TIMP-1 in tumor cells were significantly higher in borderline and invasive ovarian tumors than in benign tumors. CONCLUSION Using an in situ hybridization technique, we disclosed a direct correlation between the presence of mRNA and protein expression for both MMP-9 and TIMP-1. The present data suggest that high levels of MMP-9 protein in invasive epithelial ovarian carcinoma are strongly associated with tumor cell invasion. Enhanced expression of TIMP-1 protein in borderline and invasive tumors indicates that endogenous TIMP-1 protein may play a paradoxical role in ovarian tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Laboratory and Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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19
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Abstract
p73 is a novel gene that has high sequence homology and similar gene structure to the tumor suppressor gene p53. We analysed p73 in seven ovarian carcinoma cell lines and a total of 63 human borderline and invasive ovarian tumor samples. Loss of heterozygosity at this locus was observed in 50% of invasive tumors but in none of the borderline tumors. Biallelic expression of the gene was observed in the heterozygous tumor tissues. Direct sequencing and single-strand conformation polymorphism analyses of the p73 cDNA sequence homologous to the highly mutatable region of p53 did not reveal any mutations. When compared to the primary cultures of normal human ovarian surface epithelial cells and immortalized cell lines, four of the seven ovarian carcinoma cell lines, 71% of the invasive tumors, and 92% of the borderline tumor tissues express elevated levels of p73 transcript. Except for the OVCA3 cell line, Western blot analysis of the nuclear extracts prepared from the cell lines showed concordant levels of p73 protein. Our analysis also demonstrated the expression of a spliced variant of p73 transcript with the omission of exon 2 solely in the cancer cell lines and invasive tumor tissues. This exon 2-spliced transcript would give rise to a truncated p73 protein without the N-terminal transactivation domain. In reminiscence of the dominant negative phenotype of the N-terminal truncated variants of another p53-related gene, p63, the expression of the truncated p73 variant form in ovarian tumors may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Ng
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts, MA 02115, USA
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20
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Huang LW, Garrett AP, Muto MG, Colitti CV, Bell DA, Welch WR, Berkowitz RS, Mok SC. Identification of a novel 9 cM deletion unit on chromosome 6q23-24 in papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum. Hum Pathol 2000; 31:367-73. [PMID: 10746681 DOI: 10.1016/s0046-8177(00)80252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
To define regions of deletion on chromosome 6q in papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum (PSCP), we analyzed 103 tumor tissues from 53 patients by using 11 polymorphic microsatellite markers spanning loci from 6q23 to 6q27. Allelic losses on 6q were observed in 42 of 53 (79.2%) cases. We identified 3 distinct regions with a high percentage (>40%) of loss of heterozygosity. The first region is located at 6q23-24 and defined by D6S311 (15 of 35 informative cases, 42.9%). Detailed deletion mapping of chromosome 6q23-24 in these tumor samples identified a novel 9 cM minimal deletion region flanked by D6S250 and ESR. The second one is located at 6q25.1-25.2 and defined by D6S448 (17 of 36 informative cases, 47.2%). A second minimal deletion region of 4 cM was flanked by D6S420 and D6S442. The third region is located at 6q27 and defined by D6S297 (9 of 19 informative cases, 47.4%). Comparing these results with our cases of advanced staged invasive serous epithelial ovarian carcinoma (SEOC), we observed that allelic losses at D6S311 (6q23) and D6S149 (6q27) were significantly higher for PSCP than for SEOC. The pattern of allelic loss at each tumor site within an individual patient was also studied. A total of 36 cases displayed allelic loss for at least 1 of multiple tumor sites, and 35 of these patients exhibited nonidentical patterns of allelic loss at various tumor sites of the same patient. Furthermore, an alternating pattern of allelic loss in the same patient was identified in 3 of 53 patients studied. These results show that allelic losses on 6q are very frequent in PSCP, and we show 2 discrete minimal deletion regions on 6q, suggesting the existence of at least 2 tumor suppressor genes within 6q that may be involved in the pathogenesis of PSCP. In addition, the finding of different patterns of allelic loss at different tumor sites within the same patient indicate a mutifocal origin in some PSCP cases. These results provide strong evidence to support our previous reports that PSCP is a multifocal disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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21
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Schorge JO, Muto MG, Lee SJ, Huang LW, Welch WR, Bell DA, Keung EZ, Berkowitz RS, Mok SC. BRCA1-related papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum has a unique molecular pathogenesis. Cancer Res 2000; 60:1361-4. [PMID: 10728699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum (PSCP) is believed to develop de novo from the peritoneal lining of the pelvis and abdomen. Although it is histologically indistinguishable from serous ovarian carcinoma, PSCP exhibits minimal or absent ovarian involvement and may even develop in a woman years after prophylactic oophorectomy. We have shown previously that patients with germ-line BRCA1 mutations who develop PSCP are more likely to have disease originating from multiple peritoneal sites compared with patients with wild-type BRCA1. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that BRCA1-related PSCP has a unique molecular pathogenesis. DNA was extracted from normal tissue and multiple tumor sites in patients with PSCP. BRCA1 and p53 gene mutations were screened for using single-strand conformation polymorphism. Loss of heterozygosity was determined at the BRCA1 and p53 loci. Immunohistochemical analyses of p53, epidermal growth factor receptor, erbB-2, erbB-3, erbB-4, and Bcl-2 expression were performed. We detected germ-line BRCA1 mutations in 11 (26%) of 43 PSCP patients. BRCA1 mutation carriers had a higher overall incidence of p53 mutations (89% versus 47%; P = 0.052), were more likely to exhibit multifocal or null p53 mutations (63% versus 7%; P = 0.014), and were less likely to exhibit erbB-2 overexpression (P = 0.013) than wild-type BRCA1 case subjects. We propose that the unique molecular pathogenesis of BRCA1-related PSCP may affect the ability of current methods to reliably prevent or detect this disease prior to metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O Schorge
- Laboratory of Gynecologic Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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22
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Chan WY, Cheung KK, Schorge JO, Huang LW, Welch WR, Bell DA, Berkowitz RS, Mok SC. Bcl-2 and p53 protein expression, apoptosis, and p53 mutation in human epithelial ovarian cancers. Am J Pathol 2000; 156:409-17. [PMID: 10666369 PMCID: PMC1850061 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)64744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bcl-2 and p53 gene products have been both linked to cell death by apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the relationship of Bcl-2 and p53 protein expression, p53 mutation and apoptosis in normal human ovaries and different types of human ovarian epithelial tumors by immunohistochemical localization, in situ terminal transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling and polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism. It was found that Bcl-2 expressed strongly in the surface epithelium of normal ovaries and benign and borderline ovarian tumors but weakly in the malignant tumors. On the contrary, strong protein expression of p53 was found in 54% (25/46) of the malignant epithelial tumors examined but similar expression of p53 was not observed in borderline and benign tumors and normal ovarian surface epithelium. A significant inverse correlation between Bcl-2 and p53 expression was found in the malignant ovarian tumors examined. p53 gene mutation at exons 5-11 was however not a pre-requisite for p53 expression in both borderline and malignant tumors. Apoptotic activities, as reflected by apoptotic indices, were low in normal ovarian surface epithelium and benign tumors but were increased in borderline and malignant tumors, with the highest average apoptotic index found in grade III malignant tumors. Statistical analyses showed a positive correlation between apoptosis and p53 expression, but similar correlation was not found between apoptosis and Bcl-2 expression. Our results also indicate that although expression of Bcl-2 is important during ovarian carcinogenesis, the Bcl-2 protein may have other roles to play apart from being a modulator of apoptosis in human ovarian epithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Y Chan
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Chiu HC, Hsiue GH, Lee YP, Huang LW. Synthesis and characterization of pH-sensitive dextran hydrogels as a potential colon-specific drug delivery system. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 1999; 10:591-608. [PMID: 10357268 DOI: 10.1163/156856299x00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
pH-Sensitive dextran hydrogels were prepared by activation of dextran (T-70) with 4-nitrophenyl chloroformate, followed by conjugation of the activated dextran with 4-aminobutyric acid and cross-linking with 1,10-diaminodecane. The cross-linking efficiencies determined by mechanical measurements were in the range of 52-63%. Incorporation of carboxylpropyl groups in dextran hydrogels led to a higher equilibrium and faster swelling under high pH conditions. The swelling reversibility of hydrogels was also observed after repeated changes in buffers between pH 2.0 and 7.4. The slow rates of swelling and deswelling in response to changes in pH were attributed to the hydrophilic nature of dextran and formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl groups of dextran with water molecules. The pronounced effect of carboxylic acid content on degradation of hydrogels was observed after 4 h of incubation with dextranase and the influence significantly decreased after exposure to the enzyme for 8 h. The mechanism of bulk degradation of hydrogels under high swelling extent was substantiated using Coomassie blue protein assay. The release rate of bovine serum albumin from hydrogels was primarily determined by the swelling extent. The release rate was further enhanced by addition of dextranase in buffer solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Chiu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
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24
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Huang LW, Hwang JL. A comparison between loop electrosurgical excision procedure and cold knife conization for treatment of cervical dysplasia: residual disease in a subsequent hysterectomy specimen. Gynecol Oncol 1999; 73:12-5. [PMID: 10094873 DOI: 10.1006/gyno.1998.5300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is as effective as cold knife conization (CKC) in the removal of cervical dysplasia. METHODS One-hundred sixteen patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia were included: 73 cases treated with LEEP and 43 cases treated with CKC. All of these patients underwent subsequent hysterectomy within 6 months of treatment. A thorough histological evaluation of the cone specimens and post-cone hysterectomy specimens was performed. RESULTS No residual disease in the post-cone hysterectomy specimens was identified in 63% of the LEEP group and 72.1% of the CKC group. There was no significant difference in the proportion of negative residual disease (P > 0.05). The mean diameters of the base as well as the depth of the cone specimens were smaller in the LEEP group than in the CKC group (P < 0.05). The operating time in the LEEP group was significantly shorter than that of the CKC group (P < 0.05). Although thermal artifacts of margin were found in 8.2% of LEEP specimens, there was no difficulty in histological interpretation. Furthermore, the postoperative complications were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION The findings of this study demonstrate that the LEEP is a convenient, safe, and effective treatment for the management of cervical dysplasia. Cone specimens obtained during LEEP are adequate for thorough histological evaluation of cervical dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Kim S, Lakhani V, Costa DJ, Sharara AI, Fitz JG, Huang LW, Peters KG, Kindman LA. Sphingolipid-gated Ca2+ release from intracellular stores of endothelial cells is mediated by a novel Ca(2+)-permeable channel. J Biol Chem 1995; 270:5266-9. [PMID: 7890637 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.270.10.5266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipid-gated Ca2+ signaling is mediated through Ca(2+)-permeable channels. In this report, we characterize the properties of the channel in a human endothelial cell line (EA.hy926). Ca2+ release from intracellular stores is not antagonized by nifedipine, omega conotoxin G-VIa, or heparin. To further characterize the molecular properties of the channel, we developed a novel assay to directly measure efflux of Ca2+ from intracellular stores of permeabilized Xenopus oocytes. Following size fractionation by sucrose gradient, poly(A)+ RNA from EA.hy926 cells is microinjected into oocytes of Xenopus laevis. We find that the mRNA encoding Ca2+ release activity is approximately 1.5-2.0 kilobases in length. The sphingolipid-gated Ca(2+)-permeable channel is thus likely to be a novel Ca(2+)-permeable channel distinct from other characterized intracellular Ca2+ channels such as the ryanodyne receptor and the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor. The method described here provides a new approach to further characterizing this channel and other intracellular Ca2+ channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kim
- Cardiology Division, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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26
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Huang LW, Chen MR, Lin SP, Huang FY, Ho MY, Kao HA, Hsu CH, Hung HY, Tsai TC. The VATER association: analysis of forty six cases without karyotyping. Zhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1995; 36:30-4. [PMID: 7778443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Forty-six patients with two or more features of the VATER association admitted to the Mackay Memorial Hospital from May, 1983 to Mar, 1992 were retrospectively enrolled in this study. We compared the incidence of major features with that reported in the literature. Imperforate anus, congenital heart disease, and renal anomalies were the three most common major features in our study. Thirteen patients died. Heart failure was the major cause of mortality. We noted many patients associated minor features, and among them there was a relatively high ratio of cleft lip, cleft palate, and hypospadius. The overall outcome and development were good among the survivals. We suggest that children who have any congenital anomaly included in the VATER association should get a careful examination and evaluation of their heart, genitourinary tract, limbs and vertebrae. Early correction if possible is indicated in such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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27
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Huang LW, Sun W, Huang FY. Kawasaki disease presenting with disseminated intravascular coagulation: report of one case. Zhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1994; 35:341-344. [PMID: 8085458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Thrombocytosis is always noted in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD). Here we present a case of KD with an unusual finding of thrombocytopenia. A 3 months old female baby was admitted to our hospital presenting with the classical symptoms and signs of KD. However, initially she also had thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation. She was treated successfully with a single high dose of intravenous immunoglobulin. (2 gm/kg). Thrombocytosis was found on the 10th day of illness, and treatment with low dose aspirin was administered for 3 months. No coronary aneurysm was found on cardiac echography. She was found to be well on a follow-up of 8 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
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28
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Chang YK, Chao SL, Huang LW. Gestational and congenital syphilis in Hualien. J Formos Med Assoc 1992; 91:620-3. [PMID: 1358349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
From September 1987 to April 1991, 19 pregnant women (0.97%) with syphilis were detected out of 1,955 pregnant women who received prenatal serologic screening at the Buddhist Tz'u-Chi General Hospital. The ages ranged from 17 to 34 years (average, 26). Three cases had recurrent gestational syphilis. The time of diagnosis was: the third trimester, 11 cases; the second trimester, six cases; and the first trimester, two cases. The reasons for late (third trimester) diagnosis were: delay of prenatal care, four cases; failure to screen syphilis in the pregnancy, four cases; and negative first test and late infection, three cases. Late diagnosis and treatment often resulted in poor fetal outcome: syphilitic stillbirth, two cases; probable and possible congenital syphilis, seven cases; and normal infant, two cases. Patients (delivered, five; undelivered, two; abortion, one) who had been diagnosed before the third trimester had a better fetal outcome: possible congenital syphilis, one case; and normal infant, four cases. The perinatal mortality and morbidity were significantly higher in the late diagnosis group (9/11) than in the early diagnosis group (1/5). Pregnant women should be screened in early pregnancy by a serologic test for syphilis. In areas of high prevalence, or in patients at high risk, screening should be repeated in the third trimester and again at delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Buddhist Tz'u-Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan R.O.C
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Huang LW, Ho HN, Hwang JL, Hsieh CY, Shen MC. Recurrent fetal loss with circulating lupus anticoagulant: report of 2 cases. Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1989; 88:1056-9. [PMID: 2517508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Lupus anticoagulant (LAC), an autoantibody, in maternal circulation is responsible for a high incidence of fetal loss. We record 2 cases of recurrent fetal loss in association with LAC. The presence of LAC was diagnosed by prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), but was not correctable by dilution with normal plasma. During their subsequent pregnancies, these two women were treated with prednisolone and a low dose of aspirin (100 mg/day). Normal values of aPTT were achieved in both cases after treatment. Preeclampsia developed in one of the women, and a live premature infant was delivered by cesarean section. However, a successful term pregnancy was achieved in the other case. Corticosteroid and low-dose aspirin appear to improve fetal outcome in cases with LAC.
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Huang LW, Hsieh FJ, Yu TK, Chen HY, Lee TY. Bart's hydrops fetalis in one of the dizygotic twins: report of a case. Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi 1988; 87:398-401. [PMID: 3294347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Abstract
The origin of the gland cells in asexually reproducing adult hydra is unclear. There is evidence suggesting that the gland cells are a self-renewing population as well as contrary evidence suggesting that they must arise from another cell type. We have reexamined the question and found the latter to be the case. Analysis of ectoderm/endoderm chimeras in which the ectoderm was labeled with [3H]thymidine indicates a precursor for gland cells in the ectoderm which migrates into the endoderm. Analysis of grafts between labeled lower halves and unlabeled upper halves of animals indicates the migratory precursor is either a large or a small interstitial cell. Measurement of the cell cycle times of the gland cells and the epithelial cells provided further support. The cell cycle time of the gland cells appears to be longer than that of the epithelial cells of the endoderm throughout the animal. This means that in the steady-state growth condition of hydra tissue, the gland cells cannot maintain their population size simply by cell division. These results and other data suggest the following dynamics for the gland cell population. Gland cells arise by differentiation from large interstitial cells, undergo a limited number of cell divisions, and then become postmitotic.
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Dunne JF, Javois LC, Huang LW, Bode HR. A subset of cells in the nerve net of Hydra oligactis defined by a monoclonal antibody: its arrangement and development. Dev Biol 1985; 109:41-53. [PMID: 3886455 DOI: 10.1016/0012-1606(85)90344-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A monoclonal antibody, termed JD1, was generated that bound to a subset of the nerve cells in the hypostome and tentacles of Hydra oligactis. Using a whole-mount technique the spatial pattern of the subset of nerve cells and their processes could be clearly visualized using indirect immunofluorescence. The subset largely corresponds to the epidermal sensory cells. Using the same technique the development of the pattern during head regeneration and budding was examined. The appearance of the nerve cells coincides with the formation of both the tentacles and hypostome. When head regeneration does not occur, JD1+ cells do not appear suggesting the differentiation of JD1+ cells is an integral event in head formation dependent on antecedent patterning processes.
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