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Crous PW, Costa MM, Kandemir H, Vermaas M, Vu D, Zhao L, Arumugam E, Flakus A, Jurjević Ž, Kaliyaperumal M, Mahadevakumar S, Murugadoss R, Shivas RG, Tan YP, Wingfield MJ, Abell SE, Marney TS, Danteswari C, Darmostuk V, Denchev CM, Denchev TT, Etayo J, Gené J, Gunaseelan S, Hubka V, Illescas T, Jansen GM, Kezo K, Kumar S, Larsson E, Mufeeda KT, Piątek M, Rodriguez-Flakus P, Sarma PVSRN, Stryjak-Bogacka M, Torres-Garcia D, Vauras J, Acal DA, Akulov A, Alhudaib K, Asif M, Balashov S, Baral HO, Baturo-Cieśniewska A, Begerow D, Beja-Pereira A, Bianchinotti MV, Bilański P, Chandranayaka S, Chellappan N, Cowan DA, Custódio FA, Czachura P, Delgado G, De Silva NI, Dijksterhuis J, Dueñas M, Eisvand P, Fachada V, Fournier J, Fritsche Y, Fuljer F, Ganga KGG, Guerra MP, Hansen K, Hywel-Jones N, Ismail AM, Jacobs CR, Jankowiak R, Karich A, Kemler M, Kisło K, Klofac W, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Latha KPD, Lebeuf R, Lopes ME, Lumyong S, Maciá-Vicente JG, Maggs-Kölling G, Magistà D, Manimohan P, Martín MP, Mazur E, Mehrabi-Koushki M, Miller AN, Mombert A, Ossowska EA, Patejuk K, Pereira OL, Piskorski S, Plaza M, Podile AR, Polhorský A, Pusz W, Raza M, Ruszkiewicz-Michalska M, Saba M, Sánchez RM, Singh R, Śliwa L, Smith ME, Stefenon VM, Strasiftáková D, Suwannarach N, Szczepańska K, Telleria MT, Tennakoon DS, Thines M, Thorn RG, Urbaniak J, van der Vegte M, Vasan V, Vila-Viçosa C, Voglmayr H, Wrzosek M, Zappelini J, Groenewald JZ. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1550-1613. Persoonia 2023; 51:280-417. [PMID: 38665977 PMCID: PMC11041897 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Argentina, Neocamarosporium halophilum in leaf spots of Atriplex undulata. Australia, Aschersonia merianiae on scale insect (Coccoidea), Curvularia huamulaniae isolated from air, Hevansia mainiae on dead spider, Ophiocordyceps poecilometigena on Poecilometis sp. Bolivia, Lecanora menthoides on sandstone, in open semi-desert montane areas, Sticta monlueckiorum corticolous in a forest, Trichonectria epimegalosporae on apothecia of corticolous Megalospora sulphurata var. sulphurata, Trichonectria puncteliae on the thallus of Punctelia borreri. Brazil, Catenomargarita pseudocercosporicola (incl. Catenomargarita gen. nov.) hyperparasitic on Pseudocercospora fijiensis on leaves of Musa acuminata, Tulasnella restingae on protocorms and roots of Epidendrum fulgens. Bulgaria, Anthracoidea umbrosae on Carex spp. Croatia, Hymenoscyphus radicis from surface-sterilised, asymptomatic roots of Microthlaspi erraticum, Orbilia multiserpentina on wood of decorticated branches of Quercus pubescens. France, Calosporella punctatispora on dead corticated twigs of Aceropalus. French West Indies (Martinique), Eutypella lechatii on dead corticated palm stem. Germany, Arrhenia alcalinophila on loamy soil. Iceland, Cistella blauvikensis on dead grass (Poaceae). India, Fulvifomes maritimus on living Peltophorum pterocarpum, Fulvifomes natarajanii on dead wood of Prosopis juliflora, Fulvifomes subazonatus on trunk of Azadirachta indica, Macrolepiota bharadwajii on moist soil near the forest, Narcissea delicata on decaying elephant dung, Paramyrothecium indicum on living leaves of Hibiscus hispidissimus, Trichoglossum syamviswanathii on moist soil near the base of a bamboo plantation. Iran, Vacuiphoma astragalicola from stem canker of Astragalus sarcocolla. Malaysia, Neoeriomycopsis fissistigmae (incl. Neoeriomycopsidaceae fam. nov.) on leaf spots on flower Fissistigma sp. Namibia, Exophiala lichenicola lichenicolous on Acarospora cf. luederitzensis. Netherlands, Entoloma occultatum on soil, Extremus caricis on dead leaves of Carex sp., Inocybe pseudomytiliodora on loamy soil. Norway, Inocybe guldeniae on calcareous soil, Inocybe rupestroides on gravelly soil. Pakistan, Hymenagaricus brunneodiscus on soil. Philippines, Ophiocordyceps philippinensis parasitic on Asilus sp. Poland, Hawksworthiomyces ciconiae isolated from Ciconia ciconia nest, Plectosphaerella vigrensis from leaf spots on Impatiens noli-tangere, Xenoramularia epitaxicola from sooty mould community on Taxus baccata. Portugal, Inocybe dagamae on clay soil. Saudi Arabia, Diaporthe jazanensis on branches of Coffea arabica. South Africa, Alternaria moraeae on dead leaves of Moraea sp., Bonitomyces buffels-kloofinus (incl. Bonitomyces gen. nov.) on dead twigs of unknown tree, Constrictochalara koukolii on living leaves of Itea rhamnoides colonised by a Meliola sp., Cylindromonium lichenophilum on Parmelina tiliacea, Gamszarella buffelskloofina (incl. Gamszarella gen. nov.) on dead insect, Isthmosporiella africana (incl. Isthmosporiella gen. nov.) on dead twigs of unknown tree, Nothoeucasphaeria buffelskloofina (incl. Nothoeucasphaeria gen. nov.), on dead twigs of unknown tree, Nothomicrothyrium beaucarneae (incl. Nothomicrothyrium gen. nov.) on dead leaves of Beaucarnea stricta, Paramycosphaerella proteae on living leaves of Protea caffra, Querciphoma foliicola on leaf litter, Rachicladosporium conostomii on dead twigs of Conostomium natalense var. glabrum, Rhamphoriopsis synnematosa on dead twig of unknown tree, Waltergamsia mpumalanga on dead leaves of unknown tree. Spain, Amanita fulvogrisea on limestone soil, in mixed forest, Amanita herculis in open Quercus forest, Vuilleminia beltraniae on Cistus symphytifolius. Sweden, Pachyella pulchella on decaying wood on sand-silt riverbank. Thailand, Deniquelata cassiae on dead stem of Cassia fistula, Stomiopeltis thailandica on dead twigs of Magnolia champaca. Ukraine, Circinaria podoliana on natural limestone outcrops, Neonematogonum carpinicola (incl. Neonematogonum gen. nov.) on dead branches of Carpinus betulus. USA, Exophiala wilsonii water from cooling tower, Hygrophorus aesculeticola on soil in mixed forest, and Neocelosporium aereum from air in a house attic. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes. Citation: Crous PW, Costa MM, Kandemir H, et al. 2023. Fungal Planet description sheets: 1550-1613. Persoonia 51: 280-417. doi: 10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.08.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Crous
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M M Costa
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - H Kandemir
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Vermaas
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D Vu
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - L Zhao
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - E Arumugam
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Flakus
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ž Jurjević
- EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA
| | - M Kaliyaperumal
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Mahadevakumar
- Forest Pathology Department, Division of Forest Protection, KSCSTE-Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi - 680653, Thrissur, Kerala, India
- Botanical Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Center, Haddo - 744102, Port Blair, South Andaman, India
| | - R Murugadoss
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R G Shivas
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Y P Tan
- Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - M J Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S E Abell
- Australian Tropical Herbarium, James Cook University, Smithfield 4878, Queensland, Australia
| | - T S Marney
- Queensland Plant Pathology Herbarium, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Dutton Park 4102, Queensland, Australia
| | - C Danteswari
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - V Darmostuk
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - C M Denchev
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin St., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - T T Denchev
- Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2 Gagarin St., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - J Etayo
- Navarro Villoslada 16, 3° cha., E-31003 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - J Gené
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciéncies de la Salut and IU-RESCAT, Unitat de Micologia i Microbiologia Ambiental, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - S Gunaseelan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V Hubka
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 128 01 Prague 2, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 14220, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - T Illescas
- Buenos Aires 3 Bajo 1, 14006 Córdoba, Spain
| | - G M Jansen
- Ben Sikkenlaan 9, 6703JC Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - K Kezo
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kumar
- Botanical Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Center, Haddo - 744102, Port Blair, South Andaman, India
| | - E Larsson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, and Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 463, SE40530 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - K T Mufeeda
- Botanical Survey of India, Andaman and Nicobar Regional Center, Haddo - 744102, Port Blair, South Andaman, India
| | - M Piątek
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - P Rodriguez-Flakus
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - P V S R N Sarma
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - M Stryjak-Bogacka
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - D Torres-Garcia
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Facultat de Medicina i Ciéncies de la Salut and IU-RESCAT, Unitat de Micologia i Microbiologia Ambiental, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Vauras
- Biological Collections of Åbo Akademi University, Biodiversity Unit, Herbarium, FI-20014 University of Turku, Finland
| | - D A Acal
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology & Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - A Akulov
- Department of Mycology and Plant Resistance, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, Maidan Svobody 4, 61022 Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - K Alhudaib
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Pests and Plant Diseases Unit, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Asif
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Balashov
- EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077 USA
| | - H-O Baral
- Blaihofstr. 42, Tübingen, D-72074, Germany
| | - A Baturo-Cieśniewska
- Department of Biology and Plant Protection, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Al. prof. S. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - D Begerow
- Universität Hamburg, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Organismic Botany and Mycology, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Beja-Pereira
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- DGAOT, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua Campo Alegre 687, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - M V Bianchinotti
- CERZOS-UNS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, CP: 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina and Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, UNS, San Juan 670, CP: 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - P Bilański
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - S Chandranayaka
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru - 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - N Chellappan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - D A Cowan
- Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - F A Custódio
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - P Czachura
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - G Delgado
- Eurofins Built Environment, 6110 W. 34th St, Houston, TX 77092, USA
| | - N I De Silva
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - J Dijksterhuis
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Dueñas
- Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Eisvand
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran
| | - V Fachada
- Neuromuscular Research Center, University of Jyväskylä, Rautpohjankatu 8, 40700, Jyväskylä, Finland
- MHNC-UP - Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto - Herbário PO, Universidade do Porto. Praça Gomes Teixeira, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Y Fritsche
- Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - F Fuljer
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Révová 39, 811 02, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - K G G Ganga
- Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - M P Guerra
- Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - K Hansen
- Swedish Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany, P.O. Box 50007, SE-104 05 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Hywel-Jones
- Zhejiang BioAsia Institute of Life Sciences, Pinghu 31 4200, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - A M Ismail
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Pests and Plant Diseases Unit, College of Agricultural and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Vegetable Diseases Research Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - C R Jacobs
- Nin.Da.Waab.Jig-Walpole Island Heritage Centre, Bkejwanong (Walpole Island First Nation), 2185 River Road North, Walpole Island, Ontario, N8A 4K9, Canada
| | - R Jankowiak
- Department of Forest Ecosystems Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Karich
- Unit of Bio- and Environmental Sciences, TU Dresden, International Institute Zittau, Markt 23, 02763 Zittau, Germany
| | - M Kemler
- Universität Hamburg, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Organismic Botany and Mycology, Ohnhorststraße 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - K Kisło
- University of Warsaw, Botanic Garden, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Klofac
- Mayerhöfen 28, 3074 Michelbach, Austria
| | - I Krisai-Greilhuber
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - K P D Latha
- Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - R Lebeuf
- 775, rang du Rapide Nord, Saint-Casimir, Quebec, G0A 3L0, Canada
| | - M E Lopes
- Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - S Lumyong
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - J G Maciá-Vicente
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation, Wageningen University & Research, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - G Maggs-Kölling
- Gobabeb-Namib Research Institute, Walvis Bay, Namibia
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, P. Bag X1290, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - D Magistà
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari A. Moro, 70126, Bari, Italy
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), National Research Council (CNR), 70126, Bari, Italy
| | - P Manimohan
- Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala, 673 635, India
| | - M P Martín
- Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - E Mazur
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - M Mehrabi-Koushki
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province, Iran
- Biotechnology and Bioscience Research Center, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - A N Miller
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA
| | - A Mombert
- 3 rue de la craie, 25640 Corcelle-Mieslot, France
| | - E A Ossowska
- Department of Plant Taxonomy and Nature Conservation, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, PL-80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - K Patejuk
- Department of Plant Protection, Wtoctaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363 Wtoctaw, Poland
| | - O L Pereira
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-900, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - S Piskorski
- Department of Algology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - M Plaza
- La Angostura, 20, 11370 Los Barrios, Cádiz, Spain
| | - A R Podile
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - W Pusz
- Department of Plant Protection, Wtoctaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363 Wtoctaw, Poland
| | - M Raza
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang 83009, China
| | - M Ruszkiewicz-Michalska
- Department of Algology and Mycology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - M Saba
- Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - R M Sánchez
- CERZOS-UNS-CONICET, Camino La Carrindanga Km 7, CP: 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina and Depto. de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, UNS, San Juan 670, CP: 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - R Singh
- Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi - 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - L Śliwa
- W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, PL-31-512 Kraków, Poland
| | - M E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0680, USA
| | - V M Stefenon
- Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - D Strasiftáková
- Slovak National Museum-Natural History Museum, Vajanského náb. 2, P.O. Box 13, 81006, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - N Suwannarach
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - K Szczepańska
- Department of Botany and Plant Ecology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, PL-50-363 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - M T Telleria
- Department of Mycology, Real Jardín Botánico-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - D S Tennakoon
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, 50200, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - M Thines
- Evolutionary Analyses and Biological Archives, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics, Georg-Voigt-Str. 14-16, 60325 Frankfurt am Main
- Goethe University, Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Ecology, Evolution, and Diversity, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60483 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - R G Thorn
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - J Urbaniak
- Department of Botany and Plant Ecology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24a, PL-50-363 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - V Vasan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - C Vila-Viçosa
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- MHNC-UP - Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto - Herbário PO, Universidade do Porto. Praça Gomes Teixeira, 4099-002, Porto, Portugal
| | - H Voglmayr
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - M Wrzosek
- University of Warsaw, Botanic Garden, Aleje Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland
| | - J Zappelini
- Plant Developmental Physiology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Wasterdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Karlsen-Ayala E, Gazis R, Smith ME. Asperosporus subterraneus, a new genus and species of sequestrate Agaricaceae found in Florida nursery production. Fungal Syst Evol 2022; 8:91-100. [PMID: 35005575 PMCID: PMC8687231 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2021.08.08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a novel sequestrate genus and species, Asperosporus subterraneus gen. et sp. nov., found associated with nursery production of ferns in south Florida. This truffle species has a unique combination of morphological characters among described Agaricaceae in that it lacks a stipe or columella, has large, ornamented spores, the fresh sporocarps rapidly stain pink-red when cut or bruised, and they have a rancid smell. Although this fungus does not appear to be a direct plant pathogen, the hyphae of A. subterraneus produce a thick hydrophobic mycelial mat that binds the organic matter and therefore prevents water and fertilizer from being absorbed by plants, consequently causing wilting and chlorosis. Using morphological characteristics and phylogenetic reconstruction based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), partial large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (rpb2) and translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) regions, we describe this taxon as a new genus and species in Agaricaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Karlsen-Ayala
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead, FL 33031, USA.,University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - R Gazis
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Tropical Research and Education Center, Homestead, FL 33031, USA.,University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - M E Smith
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
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Abbas Y, Abdelkader M, Adams M, Addison A, Advani R, Ahmed T, Alexander V, Alexander V, Alli B, Alvi S, Amiraraghi N, Ashman A, Balakumar R, Bewick J, Bhasker D, Bola S, Bowles P, Campbell N, Can Guru Naidu N, Caton N, Chapman J, Chawdhary G, Cherko M, Coates M, Conroy K, Coyle P, Cozar O, Cresswell M, Dalton L, Danino J, Daultrey C, Davies K, Carrie S, Dick D, Dimitriadis PA, Doddi N, Dowling M, Easto R, Edmiston R, Ellul D, Erskine S, Evans A, Farboud A, Forde C, Fussey J, Gaunt A, Gilchrist J, Gohil R, Gosnell E, Grech Marguerat D, Green R, Grounds R, Hall A, Hardman J, Harris A, Harrison L, Hone R, Hoskison E, Howard J, Ioannidis D, Iqbal I, Janjua N, Jolly K, Kamal S, Kanzara T, Keates N, Kelly A, Khan H, Korampalli T, Kuet M, Kul‐loo P, Lakhani R, Lambert A, Lancer H, Leonard C, Lloyd G, Lowe E, Mair J, Maughan E, Gao C, Mayberry T, McCadden L, McClenaghan F, McKenzie G, Mcleod R, Meghji S, Mian M, Millington A, Mirza O, Mistry S, Molena E, Morris J, Myuran T, Navaratnam A, Noon E, Okonkwo O, Oremule B, Pabla L, Papesch E, Puranik V, Roplekar R, Ross E, Rudd J, Schechter E, Senior A, Sethi N, Sharma S, Sharma R, Shelton F, Sherazi Z, Tahir A, Tikka T, Tkachuk Hlinicanova O, To K, Tse A, Toll E, Ubayasiri K, Unadkat S, Upile N, Vijendren A, Walijee H, Wilkie M, Williams R, Williams M, Wilson G, Wong W, Wong G, Xie C, Yao A, Zhang H, Ellis M, Mehta N, Milinis K, Tikka T, Slovick A, Swords C, Hutson K, Smith ME, Hopkins C, Ng Kee Kwong F. Nasal Packs for Epistaxis: Predictors of Success. Clin Otolaryngol 2020; 45:659-666. [DOI: 10.1111/coa.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Crous PW, Wingfield MJ, Lombard L, Roets F, Swart WJ, Alvarado P, Carnegie AJ, Moreno G, Luangsaard J, Thangavel R, Alexandrova AV, Baseia IG, Bellanger JM, Bessette AE, Bessette AR, De la Peña-Lastra S, García D, Gené J, Pham THG, Heykoop M, Malysheva E, Malysheva V, Martín MP, Morozova OV, Noisripoom W, Overton BE, Rea AE, Sewall BJ, Smith ME, Smyth CW, Tasanathai K, Visagie CM, Adamčík S, Alves A, Andrade JP, Aninat MJ, Araújo RVB, Bordallo JJ, Boufleur T, Baroncelli R, Barreto RW, Bolin J, Cabero J, Caboň M, Cafà G, Caffot MLH, Cai L, Carlavilla JR, Chávez R, de Castro RRL, Delgat L, Deschuyteneer D, Dios MM, Domínguez LS, Evans HC, Eyssartier G, Ferreira BW, Figueiredo CN, Liu F, Fournier J, Galli-Terasawa LV, Gil-Durán C, Glienke C, Gonçalves MFM, Gryta H, Guarro J, Himaman W, Hywel-Jones N, Iturrieta-González I, Ivanushkina NE, Jargeat P, Khalid AN, Khan J, Kiran M, Kiss L, Kochkina GA, Kolařík M, Kubátová A, Lodge DJ, Loizides M, Luque D, Manjón JL, Marbach PAS, Massola NS, Mata M, Miller AN, Mongkolsamrit S, Moreau PA, Morte A, Mujic A, Navarro-Ródenas A, Németh MZ, Nóbrega TF, Nováková A, Olariaga I, Ozerskaya SM, Palma MA, Petters-Vandresen DAL, Piontelli E, Popov ES, Rodríguez A, Requejo Ó, Rodrigues ACM, Rong IH, Roux J, Seifert KA, Silva BDB, Sklenář F, Smith JA, Sousa JO, Souza HG, De Souza JT, Švec K, Tanchaud P, Tanney JB, Terasawa F, Thanakitpipattana D, Torres-Garcia D, Vaca I, Vaghefi N, van Iperen AL, Vasilenko OV, Verbeken A, Yilmaz N, Zamora JC, Zapata M, Jurjević Ž, Groenewald JZ. Fungal Planet description sheets: 951-1041. Persoonia 2019; 43:223-425. [PMID: 32214501 PMCID: PMC7085856 DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2019.43.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica, Apenidiella antarctica from permafrost, Cladosporium fildesense from an unidentified marine sponge. Argentina, Geastrum wrightii on humus in mixed forest. Australia, Golovinomyces glandulariae on Glandularia aristigera, Neoanungitea eucalyptorum on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis, Teratosphaeria corymbiicola on leaves of Corymbia ficifolia, Xylaria eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus radiata. Brazil, Bovista psammophila on soil, Fusarium awaxy on rotten stalks of Zea mays, Geastrum lanuginosum on leaf litter covered soil, Hermetothecium mikaniae-micranthae (incl. Hermetothecium gen. nov.) on Mikania micrantha, Penicillium reconvexovelosoi in soil, Stagonosporopsis vannaccii from pod of Glycine max. British Virgin Isles, Lactifluus guanensis on soil. Canada, Sorocybe oblongispora on resin of Picea rubens. Chile, Colletotrichum roseum on leaves of Lapageria rosea. China, Setophoma caverna from carbonatite in Karst cave. Colombia, Lareunionomyces eucalypticola on leaves of Eucalyptus grandis. Costa Rica, Psathyrella pivae on wood. Cyprus, Clavulina iris on calcareous substrate. France, Chromosera ambigua and Clavulina iris var. occidentalis on soil. French West Indies, Helminthosphaeria hispidissima on dead wood. Guatemala, Talaromyces guatemalensis in soil. Malaysia, Neotracylla pini (incl. Tracyllales ord. nov. and Neotracylla gen. nov.) and Vermiculariopsiella pini on needles of Pinus tecunumanii. New Zealand, Neoconiothyrium viticola on stems of Vitis vinifera, Parafenestella pittospori on Pittosporum tenuifolium, Pilidium novae-zelandiae on Phoenix sp. Pakistan, Russula quercus-floribundae on forest floor. Portugal, Trichoderma aestuarinum from saline water. Russia, Pluteus liliputianus on fallen branch of deciduous tree, Pluteus spurius on decaying deciduous wood or soil. South Africa, Alloconiothyrium encephalarti, Phyllosticta encephalarticola and Neothyrostroma encephalarti (incl. Neothyrostroma gen. nov.) on leaves of Encephalartos sp., Chalara eucalypticola on leaf spots of Eucalyptus grandis × urophylla, Clypeosphaeria oleae on leaves of Olea capensis, Cylindrocladiella postalofficium on leaf litter of Sideroxylon inerme, Cylindromonium eugeniicola (incl. Cylindromonium gen. nov.) on leaf litter of Eugenia capensis, Cyphellophora goniomatis on leaves of Gonioma kamassi, Nothodactylaria nephrolepidis (incl. Nothodactylaria gen. nov. and Nothodactylariaceae fam. nov.) on leaves of Nephrolepis exaltata, Falcocladium eucalypti and Gyrothrix eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Gyrothrix oleae on leaves of Olea capensis subsp. macrocarpa, Harzia metrosideri on leaf litter of Metrosideros sp., Hippopotamyces phragmitis (incl. Hippopotamyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Phragmites australis, Lectera philenopterae on Philenoptera violacea, Leptosillia mayteni on leaves of Maytenus heterophylla, Lithohypha aloicola and Neoplatysporoides aloes on leaves of Aloe sp., Millesimomyces rhoicissi (incl. Millesimomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Rhoicissus digitata, Neodevriesia strelitziicola on leaf litter of Strelitzia nicolai, Neokirramyces syzygii (incl. Neokirramyces gen. nov.) on leaf spots of Syzygium sp., Nothoramichloridium perseae (incl. Nothoramichloridium gen. nov. and Anungitiomycetaceae fam. nov.) on leaves of Persea americana, Paramycosphaerella watsoniae on leaf spots of Watsonia sp., Penicillium cuddlyae from dog food, Podocarpomyces knysnanus (incl. Podocarpomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Podocarpus falcatus, Pseudocercospora heteropyxidicola on leaf spots of Heteropyxis natalensis, Pseudopenidiella podocarpi, Scolecobasidium podocarpi and Ceramothyrium podocarpicola on leaves of Podocarpus latifolius, Scolecobasidium blechni on leaves of Blechnum capense, Stomiopeltis syzygii on leaves of Syzygium chordatum, Strelitziomyces knysnanus (incl. Strelitziomyces gen. nov.) on leaves of Strelitzia alba, Talaromyces clemensii from rotting wood in goldmine, Verrucocladosporium visseri on Carpobrotus edulis. Spain, Boletopsis mediterraneensis on soil, Calycina cortegadensisi on a living twig of Castanea sativa, Emmonsiellopsis tuberculata in fluvial sediments, Mollisia cortegadensis on dead attached twig of Quercus robur, Psathyrella ovispora on soil, Pseudobeltrania lauri on leaf litter of Laurus azorica, Terfezia dunensis in soil, Tuber lucentum in soil, Venturia submersa on submerged plant debris. Thailand, Cordyceps jakajanicola on cicada nymph, Cordyceps kuiburiensis on spider, Distoseptispora caricis on leaves of Carex sp., Ophiocordyceps khonkaenensis on cicada nymph. USA, Cytosporella juncicola and Davidiellomyces juncicola on culms of Juncus effusus, Monochaetia massachusettsianum from air sample, Neohelicomyces melaleucae and Periconia neobrittanica on leaves of Melaleuca styphelioides × lanceolata, Pseudocamarosporium eucalypti on leaves of Eucalyptus sp., Pseudogymnoascus lindneri from sediment in a mine, Pseudogymnoascus turneri from sediment in a railroad tunnel, Pulchroboletus sclerotiorum on soil, Zygosporium pseudomasonii on leaf of Serenoa repens. Vietnam, Boletus candidissimus and Veloporphyrellus vulpinus on soil. Morphological and culture characteristics are supported by DNA barcodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P W Crous
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - M J Wingfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - L Lombard
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - F Roets
- Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| | - W J Swart
- Department of Plant Sciences (Division of Plant Pathology), University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa
| | - P Alvarado
- ALVALAB, La Rochela 47, 39012 Santander, Spain
| | - A J Carnegie
- Forest Health & Biosecurity, Forest Science, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Level 12, 10 Valentine Ave, Parramatta NSW 2150, Australia
| | - G Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Luangsaard
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - R Thangavel
- Plant Health and Environment Laboratory, Ministry for Primary Industries, P.O. Box 2095, Auckland 1140, New Zealand
| | - A V Alexandrova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University (MSU), Faculty of Biology, 119234, 1, 12 Leninskie Gory Str., Moscow, Russia
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University) 6 Miklouho-Maclay Str., 117198, Moscow, Russia
| | - I G Baseia
- Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - J-M Bellanger
- CEFE, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, INSERM, 1919 route de Mende, F-34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | - S De la Peña-Lastra
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Biología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782-Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - D García
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - J Gené
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - T H G Pham
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Saint Petersburg State Forestry University, 194021, 5U Institutsky Str., Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - M Heykoop
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Malysheva
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - V Malysheva
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - M P Martín
- Real Jardín Botánico RJB-CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain
| | - O V Morozova
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - W Noisripoom
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - B E Overton
- Department of Biology, 205 East Campus Science Center, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA
| | - A E Rea
- Department of Biology, 205 East Campus Science Center, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA
| | - B J Sewall
- Department of Biology, 1900 North 12th Street, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - M E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology & Florida Museum of Natural History, 2527 Fifield Hall, Gainesville FL 32611, USA
| | - C W Smyth
- Department of Biology, 205 East Campus Science Center, Lock Haven University, Lock Haven, PA 17745 USA
| | - K Tasanathai
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - C M Visagie
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
- Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council - Plant Health and Protection, P. Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria 0121, South Africa
| | - S Adamčík
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - A Alves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - J P Andrade
- Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil and Faculdades Integradas de Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - M J Aninat
- Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Valparaíso, Unidad de Fitopatología, Antonio Varas 120, Valparaíso, Código Postal 2360451, Chile
| | - R V B Araújo
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J J Bordallo
- Laboratorio de Investigacion, San Vicente Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - T Boufleur
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 09, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - R Baroncelli
- Instituto Hispano-Luso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), University of Salamanca, Calle del Duero, 12; 37185 Villamayor (Salamanca), Spain
| | - R W Barreto
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - J Bolin
- 7340 Viale Sonata, Lake Worth, FL 33467, USA
| | - J Cabero
- Asociación Micológica Zamorana, 49080 Zamora, Spain
| | - M Caboň
- Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Centre, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, SK-84523, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - G Cafà
- CABI Europe-UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK
| | - M L H Caffot
- Instituto de Ecorregiones Andinas (INECOA), CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Jujuy, CP 4600, San Salvador de Jujuy, Jujuy, Argentina
| | - L Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - J R Carlavilla
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Chávez
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 917002, Santiago, Chile
| | - R R L de Castro
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 09, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - L Delgat
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - M M Dios
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Catamarca, Av. Belgrano 300, San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca, Catamarca, Argentina
| | - L S Domínguez
- Laboratorio de Micología, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, CC 495, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - H C Evans
- CAB International, UK Centre, Egham, Surrey TW20 9TY, UK
| | - G Eyssartier
- Attaché honoraire au Muséum national d'histoire naturelle de Paris, 180 allée du Château, F-24660 Sanilhac, France
| | - B W Ferreira
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | | | - F Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | | | | | - C Gil-Durán
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Alameda 3363, Estación Central, 917002, Santiago, Chile
| | - C Glienke
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - M F M Gonçalves
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - H Gryta
- Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - J Guarro
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - W Himaman
- Forest Entomology and Microbiology Research Group, Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, 61 Phaholyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - N Hywel-Jones
- BioAsia Life Sciences Institute, 1938 Xinqun Rd, Pinghu, Zhejiang 314200, PR China
| | - I Iturrieta-González
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - N E Ivanushkina
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - P Jargeat
- Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, IRD, UMR5174 EDB (Laboratoire Évolution et Diversité Biologique), 118 route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - A N Khalid
- Department of Botany, University of Punjab, Quaid e Azam campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - J Khan
- Center for Plant Sciences and Biodiversity, University of Swat, KP, Pakistan
| | - M Kiran
- Department of Botany, University of Punjab, Quaid e Azam campus, Lahore 54590, Pakistan
| | - L Kiss
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - G A Kochkina
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Kolařík
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - A Kubátová
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - D J Lodge
- Department of Plant Pathology, 2105 Miller Plant Sciences Bldg., University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30606, USA
| | | | - D Luque
- C/Severo Daza 31, 41820 Carrión de los Céspedes (Sevilla), Spain
| | - J L Manjón
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - P A S Marbach
- Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - N S Massola
- Departamento de Fitopatologia e Nematologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, Caixa Postal 09, CEP 13418-900, Piracicaba-SP, Brazil
| | - M Mata
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida (Área de Botánica), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alcalá, E-28805 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - A N Miller
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Illinois Natural History Survey, 1816 South Oak Street, Champaign, Illinois, 61820, USA
| | - S Mongkolsamrit
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - P-A Moreau
- Université de Lille, Faculté de pharmacie de Lille, EA 4483, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - A Morte
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - A Mujic
- Department of Biology, Fresno State University, 2555 East San Ramon Ave, Fresno CA 93740, USA
| | - A Navarro-Ródenas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - M Z Németh
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest H-1022, Herman Otto út 15, Hungary
| | - T F Nóbrega
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, 36570-900, MG, Brazil
| | - A Nováková
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - I Olariaga
- Biology and Geology Physics and Inorganic Chemistry Department, Rey Juan Carlos university, C/Tulipán s/n, 28933 Móstoles, Madrid, Spain
| | - S M Ozerskaya
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M A Palma
- Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Valparaíso, Unidad de Fitopatología, Antonio Varas 120, Valparaíso, Código Postal 2360451, Chile
| | | | - E Piontelli
- Universidad de Valparaíso, Facultad de Medicina, Profesor Emérito Cátedra de Micología, Angámos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar, Código Postal 2540064, Chile
| | - E S Popov
- Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Research and Technological Center, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prof. Popov Str. 2, RUS-197376, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - A Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal (Botánica), Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Ó Requejo
- Grupo Micológico Gallego, San Xurxo, A Laxe 12b, 36470, Salceda de Caseleas, Spain
| | - A C M Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Fungos, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - I H Rong
- Biosystematics Division, Agricultural Research Council - Plant Health and Protection, P. Bag X134, Queenswood, Pretoria 0121, South Africa
| | - J Roux
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - K A Seifert
- Biodiversity (Mycology), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1A 0C6, Canada
| | - B D B Silva
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - F Sklenář
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - J A Smith
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0680, USA
| | - J O Sousa
- Departamento Botânica e Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Universitário, 59072-970 Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - H G Souza
- Federal University of Recôncavo da Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - J T De Souza
- Federal University of Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - K Švec
- Laboratory of Fungal Genetics and Metabolism, Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Benátská 2, 12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - P Tanchaud
- 2 rue des Espics, F-17250 Soulignonne, France
| | - J B Tanney
- Pacific Forestry Centre, Canadian Forest Service, Natural Resources Canada, 506 Burnside Road, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada
| | - F Terasawa
- Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - D Thanakitpipattana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Rd., Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand
| | - D Torres-Garcia
- Mycology Unit, Medical School and IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain
| | - I Vaca
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Las Palmeras 3425, Ñuñoa, Santiago, Chile
| | - N Vaghefi
- Centre for Crop Health, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - A L van Iperen
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - O V Vasilenko
- All-Russian collection of microorganisms (VKM), IBPM RAS, prospect Nauki, 5, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - A Verbeken
- Department of Biology, Ghent University, Karel Lodewijk Ledeganckstraat 35, Ghent, Belgium
| | - N Yilmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - J C Zamora
- Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, plaza de Ramón y Cajal s/n, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Zapata
- Servicio Agrícola y Ganadero, Laboratorio Regional Chillán, Unidad de Fitopatología, Claudio Arrau 738, Chillán, Código Postal 3800773, Chile
| | - Ž Jurjević
- EMSL Analytical, Inc., 200 Route 130 North, Cinnaminson, NJ 08077, USA
| | - J Z Groenewald
- Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Seymour VR, Smith ME. Distinguishing between Structural Models of β'-Sialons Using a Combined Solid-State NMR, Powder XRD, and Computational Approach. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9729-9736. [PMID: 31642673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b06729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
β'-Sialons (Si6-zAlzOzN8-z, where 0 ≤ z ≤ ∼4.2) are studied using a combination of 29Si and 27Al solid-state NMR, using magnetic fields of up to 20 T, powder X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations of both the structure and NMR parameters. Four different structural models have been proposed in the literature for the replacement of silicon and nitrogen by aluminum and oxygen within a β-Si3N4-structured lattice. Experimental data are presented for the variation with composition (z) of the unit cell parameters from diffraction and the local coordination units present suggested by NMR data. The experimental data are compared to the changes with composition in the DFT calculations of the structure and the NMR parameters according to the four models, allowing the models to be distinguished. It is shown that only one of these, the domain model, is fully consistent with all of the experimental data and is, therefore, a good structural model for β'-sialons. More speculatively, it is suggested that for the domain model, 27Al NMR data might provide a constraint on the thickness of its aluminum-rich layers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M E Smith
- Vice-Chancellor's Office, University House , Lancaster University , Bailrigg , Lancaster LA1 4YW , U.K
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Abstract
Balsamia, a hypogeous, sequestrate genus in the Helvellaceae, has been characterized variously as having three to eight species in North America, and these have been considered either different from or conspecific with European species. No available modern systematic treatment of Balsamia exists to allow for accurate identification at the species level. We sequenced DNA from recent western North American Balsamia collections, assessed relationships by sequence similarity, and identified molecular taxonomic units. From these data, we determined which matched descriptions and types of named species. ITS sequences supported 12 Balsamia species in western North America, five originally described by Harkness and Fischer and seven new species that we describe here. No sequences from Balsamia collections in western North America were nested among those of European species. We found no clear evidence for separation of Balsamia into multiple genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Southworth
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - J L Frank
- Department of Biology, Southern Oregon University, Ashland, OR 97520, USA
| | - M A Castellano
- USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - M E Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - J M Trappe
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society, Oregon State University, and USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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7
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Farid A, Gelardi M, Angelini C, Franck AR, Costanzo F, Kaminsky L, Ercole E, Baroni TJ, White AL, Garey JR, Smith ME, Vizzini A. Phylloporus and Phylloboletellus are no longer alone: Phylloporopsis gen. nov. ( Boletaceae), a new smooth-spored lamellate genus to accommodate the American species Phylloporus boletinoides. Fungal Syst Evol 2018; 2:341-359. [PMID: 32467893 PMCID: PMC7225682 DOI: 10.3114/fuse.2018.02.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The monotypic genus Phylloporopsis is described as new to science based on Phylloporus boletinoides. This species occurs widely in eastern North America and Central America. It is reported for the first time from a neotropical montane pine woodland in the Dominican Republic. The confirmation of this newly recognised monophyletic genus is supported and molecularly confirmed by phylogenetic inference based on multiple loci (ITS, 28S, TEF1-α, and RPB1). A detailed morphological description of P. boletinoides from the Dominican Republic and Florida (USA) is provided along with colour images of fresh basidiomata in habitat, line drawings of the main anatomical features, transmitted light microscopic images of anatomical features and scanning electron microscope images of basidiospores. The taxonomic placement, ecological requirements and distribution patterns of P. boletinoides are reviewed and the relationships with phylogenetically related or morphologically similar lamellate and boletoid taxa such as Phylloporus, Phylloboletellus, Phyllobolites and Bothia are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Farid
- Herbarium, Department of Cell Biology, Micriobiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - M Gelardi
- Via Angelo Custode 4A, I-00061 Anguillara Sabazia, RM, Italy
| | - C Angelini
- Via Cappuccini 78/8, I-33170 Pordenone, Italy.,National Botanical Garden of Santo Domingo, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - A R Franck
- Wertheim Conservatory, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, 33199, USA
| | - F Costanzo
- Via Angelo Custode 4A, I-00061 Anguillara Sabazia, RM, Italy
| | - L Kaminsky
- Department of Plant pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - E Ercole
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T J Baroni
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York - College at Cortland, Cortland, NY 1304, USA
| | - A L White
- Herbarium, Department of Cell Biology, Micriobiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - J R Garey
- Herbarium, Department of Cell Biology, Micriobiology and Molecular Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - M E Smith
- Department of Plant pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - A Vizzini
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Viale P.A. Mattioli 25, I-10125 Torino, Italy
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Loyd AL, Barnes CW, Held BW, Schink MJ, Smith ME, Smith JA, Blanchette RA. Elucidating "lucidum": Distinguishing the diverse laccate Ganoderma species of the United States. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199738. [PMID: 30020945 PMCID: PMC6051579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ganoderma is a large, diverse and globally-distributed genus in the Basidiomycota that includes species causing a white rot form of wood decay on a variety of tree species. For the past century, many studies of Ganoderma in North America and other regions of the world have used the name G. lucidum sensu lato for any laccate (shiny or varnished) Ganoderma species growing on hardwood trees or substrates. Molecular studies have established that G. lucidum sensu stricto (Curtis) Karst is native to Europe and some parts of China. To determine the species of the laccate Ganoderma that are present in the United States, we studied over 500 collections from recently collected samples and herbarium specimens from hardwoods, conifers, and monocots. A multilocus phylogeny using ITS, tef1α, rpb1 and rpb2 revealed three well-supported clades, similar to previously reported findings. From the U.S. collections, thirteen taxa representing twelve species were identified, including: G. curtisii, G. lucidum sensu stricto, G. martinicense, G. oregonense, G. polychromum, G. ravenelii, G. sessile, G. tsugae, G. tuberculosum, G. cf. weberianum, G. zonatum, and Tomophagus colossus (syn. G. colossus). The species G. meredithiae is synonymized with G. curtisii, and considered a physiological variant that specializes in decay of pines. The designation G. curtisii f.sp. meredithiae forma specialis nov. is proposed. Species such as G. curtisii and G. sessile, once considered as G. lucidum sensu lato, were found to be divergent from one another, and highly divergent from G. lucidum sensu stricto. Morphological characteristics such as context tissue color and features (e.g. melanoid bands), basidiospore shape and size, geographic location, and host preference were found to aid in species identification. Surprisingly, G. lucidum sensu stricto was found in the U.S., but only in geographically restricted areas of northern Utah and California. These collections appear to have resulted from the introduction of this species into the United States possibly from mushroom growers producing G. lucidum outdoors. Overall, this study clarifies the chaotic taxonomy of the laccate Ganoderma in the United States, and will help to remove ambiguities from future studies focusing on the North American species of laccate Ganoderma.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. L. Loyd
- University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
- The F.A. Bartlett Tree Experts Company, Charlotte, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - C. W. Barnes
- Departamento Nacional de Protection Vegetal, INAP, Quito, Ecuador
| | - B. W. Held
- University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
| | - M. J. Schink
- Independent Researcher, Port Crane, NY, United States of America
| | - M. E. Smith
- University of Florida, Department of Plant Pathology, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - J. A. Smith
- University of Florida, School of Forest Resources and Conservation, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - R. A. Blanchette
- University of Minnesota, Department of Plant Pathology, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
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Vijendren A, Coates M, Smith ME, Ajayi OV, Al-Dhahir W, Bewick J, Bowles PF, Coyle P, Davies-Husband CR, Erskine SE, Halliday E, Kaleva AI, Lau A, Langstaff L, Mathew E, Meghji S, Testera A, Thomas JRV, Eisenhut M. Management of pinna haematoma study (MaPHaeS): A multicentre retrospective observational study. Clin Otolaryngol 2017; 42:1252-1258. [PMID: 28247538 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess current variation in the management of pinna haematoma (PH) and its effect on outcomes. DESIGN Multicentre retrospective observational record-based study. SETTING Eleven hospitals around the UK. PARTICIPANTS Eighty-three patients above the age of 16 with PH. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was recurrence rate of PH over a 6-month period post-treatment, assessed by treatment type (scalpel incision vs needle aspiration). Secondary outcome measures assessed the impact of other factors on recurrence, infection and cosmetic complications of PH over a period of 6 months. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors, involvement of the whole ear, and management within an operating theatre were associated with a lower rate of recurrence of pinna haematoma. The drainage technique, suspected aetiology, choice of post-drainage management, grade and specialty of practitioner performing drainage, the use of antibiotic cover and hospital admission did not affect the rate of haematoma recurrence, infection or cosmetic complications. CONCLUSIONS Where possible PH should be drained in an operating theatre. Multicentre randomized controlled trials are required to further investigate the impact of drainage technique and post-drainage management on outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Vijendren
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Coates
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - M E Smith
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - O V Ajayi
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - W Al-Dhahir
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Bewick
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - P F Bowles
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Coyle
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - S E Erskine
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Halliday
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - A I Kaleva
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Lau
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Langstaff
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - E Mathew
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Meghji
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Testera
- East of England ENT Trainee Research Collaborative, Cambridge, UK
| | - J R V Thomas
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Eisenhut
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Trust, Luton, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- W. P. Steckle
- Polymer & Coatings Group, MST-7 Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545
| | - M. E. Smith
- Polymer & Coatings Group, MST-7 Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545
| | - R. J. Sebring
- Polymer & Coatings Group, MST-7 Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545
| | - A. Nobile
- Polymer & Coatings Group, MST-7 Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos, NM 87545
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Abstract
This paper describes the use of cluster analysis to aid in empirically validating the course objectives of an industrial training curriculum. For instance, clusters of basic training needs were found and compared against existing course contents. Two major findings emerged from the data analysis: the discovery of an important job activity missing from the curriculum and the identification of sizeable groups of workers with distinctly different training needs. Considerable attention is also devoted to the statistical aspects of clustering which were important in obtaining these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Smith
- Departments of Community Medicine, Medicine (Western General Hospital), Edinburgh University; and Department of Biological Sciences, Napier College of Commerce and Technology, Edinburgh
| | - W. M. Garraway
- Departments of Community Medicine, Medicine (Western General Hospital), Edinburgh University; and Department of Biological Sciences, Napier College of Commerce and Technology, Edinburgh
| | - A. J. Akhtar
- Departments of Community Medicine, Medicine (Western General Hospital), Edinburgh University; and Department of Biological Sciences, Napier College of Commerce and Technology, Edinburgh
| | - C. J. A. Andrews
- Departments of Community Medicine, Medicine (Western General Hospital), Edinburgh University; and Department of Biological Sciences, Napier College of Commerce and Technology, Edinburgh
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13
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Smith ME, Trinidade A, Tysome JR. The ENT boot camp: an effective training method for ENT induction. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 41:421-4. [PMID: 27373444 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M E Smith
- Department of ENT Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - A Trinidade
- Department of ENT Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - J R Tysome
- Department of ENT Surgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
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Edwards BJ, Gradishar WJ, Smith ME, Pacheco JA, Holbrook J, McKoy JM, Nardone B, Tica S, Godinez-Puig V, Rademaker AW, Helenowski IB, Bunta AD, Stern PH, Rosen ST, West DP, Guise TA. Elevated incidence of fractures in women with invasive breast cancer. Osteoporos Int 2016; 27:499-507. [PMID: 26294292 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study evaluates the incidence of bone fractures in women with BC.We found that women with invasive breast cancer are at an increased risk for bone fractures, with fractures most commonly occurring at lower extremity and vertebral sites. The risk is further increased in women undergoing cancer therapy. INTRODUCTION Bone loss and fractures in breast cancer have generally been attributed to aromatase inhibitor use. This study assessed the incidence of fractures after invasive breast cancer diagnosis and evaluated bone density and FRAX risk calculation at time of fracture occurrence. METHODS Retrospective cohort study of women with invasive breast cancer [June 2003-December 2011] who participated in an academic hospital based genetic biobank. Demographic and clinical characteristics were abstracted from the electronic medical record (EMR). RESULTS A total of 422 women with invasive breast cancer were assessed; 79 (28 %) sustained fractures during the observation period; fractures occurred at multiple skeletal sites in 27 cases (116 fractures). The incidence of fractures was 40 per 1000 person-years. Women who sustained fractures were mostly white and had a family history of osteoporosis (36.9 %, p = 0.03) or history of a prior fracture (6/79, p = 0.004). Fractures occurred 4.0 years (range 0-12 years) after cancer diagnosis. Fracture cases had femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) of 0.72 + 0.12 g/cm(2), T-score of -1.2, that is, within the low bone mass range. Fractures most commonly occurred in lower extremities, vertebral, and wrist sites. Hip fractures accounted for 11 % of fractures, occurring at a median age of 61 years. CONCLUSIONS Fractures occur shortly after commencing cancer therapy. Rapid bone loss associated with cancer therapy may precipitate fractures. Fractures occur at relatively higher BMD in BC. Occurrence of fractures in invasive breast cancer raises the possibility of cancer-induced impairment in bone quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Edwards
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe, unit 1465, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - W J Gradishar
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - M E Smith
- NUgene Project, Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J A Pacheco
- NUgene Project, Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J Holbrook
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - J M McKoy
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - B Nardone
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S Tica
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - V Godinez-Puig
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A W Rademaker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - I B Helenowski
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - A D Bunta
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - P H Stern
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - S T Rosen
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - D P West
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - T A Guise
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Witthoft N, Nguyen M, Golarai G, Liberman A, LaRocque KF, Smith ME, Grill-Spector K. Visual Field Coverage of Category-Selective Regions in Human Visual Cortex Estimated Using Population Receptive Field Mapping. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Smith ME, Lakhani R, Bhat N. Consenting for risk in common ENT operations: an evidence-based approach. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 270:2551-7. [PMID: 23609098 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-013-2464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Pre-operative consent discussion and documentation is an essential process that should follow relevant guidance, and include all serious or frequently occurring risks. We assessed the appropriateness of consent for grommet insertion, tonsillectomy, septoplasty, and hemithyroidectomy, by comparing the risks listed in current consenting practice to published complication data for the relevant operation. 120 consent forms and associated clinic letters were analysed. A literature search identified published complication data for comparison. There was great variation in consent practice for each operation type, and poor correlation with published risk incidence. Only 'bleeding' post-tonsillectomy and 'recurrent laryngeal nerve injury' post hemithyroidectomy were listed in 100 % of relevant cases. Common and serious complications were frequently omitted from forms. The number and type of risks consented for a procedure significantly differed between consultant and non-consultant staff. The potential requirement for blood transfusion was discussed in only 20 % of tonsillectomy cases. Currently, the pre-operative consent for commonly performed ENT operations does not reflect operative risks. Consenting for surgical complications should be evidence based using published or personal data. A change in the consent process is required to protect patient autonomy and meet both legal and professional body requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Smith
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Edith Cavell Campus, Bretton Gate, Peterborough, PE3 9GZ, UK.
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18
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Abstract
The implementation of the European Working Time Regulations (EWTR), coupled with the ongoing impact of Modernising Medical Careers (MMC), has necessitated a significant redevelopment of out-of-hours cover for surgical specialties in the UK. A review of the literature related to the provision of out-of-hours ENT cover gives an insight into the impact of these changes on a comparatively small surgical specialty. A 2008 survey revealed that three-quarters of junior doctors providing ENT out-of-hours care were crosscovering specialties other than ENT – a figure up from just over half of junior doctors in 2005, prior to stricter EWTR rules. Of all 'first-on-call' doctors for ENT, only 19–32% have prior ENT experience. Consequently, ENT services are provided frequently by inexperienced, non-enT doctors covering multiple other specialties, often as part of a 'hospital-at-night' team.
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Affiliation(s)
- ME Smith
- Core Surgical Trainee ENT Surgery
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19
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Smith ME, McFerran D. Pharyngeal pouch in a young person. Assoc Med J 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.f1677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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20
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Liang NC, Smith ME, Moran TH. Palatable food avoidance and acceptance learning with different stressors in female rats. Neuroscience 2013; 235:149-58. [PMID: 23380501 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/08/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Stress activates the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis leading to the release of glucocorticoids (GC). Increased activity of the HPA axis and GC exposure has been suggested to facilitate the development of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nonetheless, different stressors can produce distinct effects on food intake and may support different directions of food learning e.g. avoidance or acceptance. This study examined whether interoceptive (LiCl and exendin-4) and restraint stress (RS) support similar or distinct food learning. Female rats were exposed to different stressors after their consumption of a palatable food (butter icing). After four palatable food-stress pairings, distinct intakes of the butter icing were observed in rats treated with different stressors. Rats that received butter icing followed by intraperitoneal injections of LiCl (42.3mg/kg) and exendin-4 (10μg/kg) completely avoided the palatable food with subsequent presentations. In contrast, rats experiencing RS paired with the palatable food increased their consumption of butter icing across trials and did so to a greater degree than rats receiving saline injections. These data indicate that interoceptive and psychosocial stressors support conditioned food avoidance and acceptance, respectively. Examination of c-Fos immunoreactivity revealed distinct neural activation by interoceptive and psychosocial stressors that could provide the neural basis underlying opposite direction of food acceptance learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- N-C Liang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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Healy RA, Smith ME, Bonito GM, Pfister DH, Ge ZW, Guevara GG, Williams G, Stafford K, Kumar L, Lee T, Hobart C, Trappe J, Vilgalys R, McLaughlin DJ. High diversity and widespread occurrence of mitotic spore mats in ectomycorrhizalPezizales. Mol Ecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. A. Healy
- Department of Plant Biology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - M. E. Smith
- Department of Plant Pathology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32611-0680 USA
| | - G. M. Bonito
- Department of Biology; Duke University; Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - D. H. Pfister
- Farlow Herbarium of Cryptogamic Botany; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02143 USA
| | - Z. -W. Ge
- Department of Plant Pathology; University of Florida; Gainesville FL 32611-0680 USA
- Kunming Institute of Botany; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Kunming 650204 China
| | - G. G. Guevara
- Instituto Tecnológico de Cd. Victoria; Tamaulipas 87010 Mexico
| | - G. Williams
- Department of Biology; Duke University; Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - K. Stafford
- Department of Biology; Duke University; Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - L. Kumar
- Department of Plant Biology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - T. Lee
- Department of Plant Biology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN 55108 USA
| | - C. Hobart
- University of Sheffield; Sheffield UK
| | - J. Trappe
- Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society; Oregon State University; Corvalis 97331-2106 OR USA
| | - R. Vilgalys
- Department of Biology; Duke University; Durham NC 27708 USA
| | - D. J. McLaughlin
- Department of Plant Biology; University of Minnesota; St. Paul MN 55108 USA
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Smith ME, Lakhani R, Murray P, Leong P. Simple techniques for three-dimensional photography of the nose in nasal deformity. J Vis Commun Med 2012; 35:50-8. [PMID: 22747263 DOI: 10.3109/17453054.2012.690195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the use of anaglyphs and stereograms for three-dimensional imaging of the external nose. METHOD Red-cyan anaglyphs and colour stereograms created from stereo photographs of patients with nasal deformity were compared to standard photographs. Assessors rated images on 'life-likeness' of imaging, contour definition and utility for surgical planning. RESULTS 9 patients were recruited. Stereograms provided significantly improved life-like features and definition of nasal structure, with some benefit for pre-operative planning. Less benefit was found for anaglyph images. Oblique views proved most effective. CONCLUSIONS Stereograms provide simple, inexpensive three-dimensional images of the nose, with potential uses in operative analysis, medicolegal documentation, teaching and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Smith
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Surgery, Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Eng
- Laboratory Service, Veterans Administration Hospital, Palo Alto, California
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Witthoft N, Golarai G, Nguyen M, LaRocque K, Liberman A, Smith ME, Grill-Spector K. Anatomy, Retinotopy, & Category Selectivity in Human Ventral Visual Cortex. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.1177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Kiani A, Lakhkar NJ, Salih V, Smith ME, Hanna JV, Newport RJ, Pickup DM, Knowles JC. Titanium-containing bioactive phosphate glasses. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2012; 370:1352-1375. [PMID: 22349246 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomaterials has revolutionized the biomedical field and has received substantial attention in the last two decades. Among the various types of biomaterials, phosphate glasses have generated great interest on account of their remarkable bioactivity and favourable physical properties for various biomedical applications relating to both hard and soft tissue regeneration. This review paper focuses mainly on the development of titanium-containing phosphate-based glasses and presents an overview of the structural and physical properties. The effect of titanium incorporation on the glassy network is to introduce favourable properties. The biocompatibility of these glasses is described along with recent developments in processing methodologies, and the potential of Ti-containing phosphate-based glasses as a bone substitute material is explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kiani
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK
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Martin RA, Yue S, Hanna JV, Lee PD, Newport RJ, Smith ME, Jones JR. Characterizing the hierarchical structures of bioactive sol-gel silicate glass and hybrid scaffolds for bone regeneration. Philos Trans A Math Phys Eng Sci 2012; 370:1422-1443. [PMID: 22349249 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2011.0308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Bone is the second most widely transplanted tissue after blood. Synthetic alternatives are needed that can reduce the need for transplants and regenerate bone by acting as active temporary templates for bone growth. Bioactive glasses are one of the most promising bone replacement/regeneration materials because they bond to existing bone, are degradable and stimulate new bone growth by the action of their dissolution products on cells. Sol-gel-derived bioactive glasses can be foamed to produce interconnected macropores suitable for tissue ingrowth, particularly cell migration and vascularization and cell penetration. The scaffolds fulfil many of the criteria of an ideal synthetic bone graft, but are not suitable for all bone defect sites because they are brittle. One strategy for improving toughness of the scaffolds without losing their other beneficial properties is to synthesize inorganic/organic hybrids. These hybrids have polymers introduced into the sol-gel process so that the organic and inorganic components interact at the molecular level, providing control over mechanical properties and degradation rates. However, a full understanding of how each feature or property of the glass and hybrid scaffolds affects cellular response is needed to optimize the materials and ensure long-term success and clinical products. This review focuses on the techniques that have been developed for characterizing the hierarchical structures of sol-gel glasses and hybrids, from atomic-scale amorphous networks, through the covalent bonding between components in hybrids and nanoporosity, to quantifying open macroporous networks of the scaffolds. Methods for non-destructive in situ monitoring of degradation and bioactivity mechanisms of the materials are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Martin
- School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston Research Centre for Healthy Ageing, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK.
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Martin RA, Twyman HL, Rees GJ, Barney ER, Moss RM, Smith JM, Hill RG, Cibin G, Charpentier T, Smith ME, Hanna JV, Newport RJ. An examination of the calcium and strontium site distribution in bioactive glasses through isomorphic neutron diffraction, X-ray diffraction, EXAFS and multinuclear solid state NMR. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33058j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Smith
- Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
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Abstract
A multi-focal multi-centric, malignant tumour of vascular origin arising in bone in a 55-year-old man is described. The
presenting symptoms were pain and weight loss. Radiologically, multiple lytic lesions were demonstrated in the long bones
of both legs and throughout the pelvis. Histological examination demonstrated an angiosarcoma which was predominantly
low grade in nature but with focal areas of intermediate grade. Turnout cells expressed the endothelial markers CD31,
CD34 and von Willebrand's factor. There was rapid radiological progression of disease with no response to radiotherapy.
Pain abated within a few days of institution of doxorubicin, 75 mg m-2, but the patient died of massive pulmonary
thromboembolism 14 days later, 11 months after the first symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kakouri
- The London Soft Tissue & Bone Tumour Service The Meyerstein Institute of Oncology The Middlesex Hospital Mortimer Street London W1N 8AA UK
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Speight RJ, Rourke JP, Wong A, Barrow NS, Ellis PR, Bishop PT, Smith ME. 1H and 13C solution- and solid-state NMR investigation into wax products from the Fischer-Tropsch process. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2011; 39:58-64. [PMID: 21536414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2010] [Revised: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
(1)H and (13)C solid- and solution-state NMR have been used to characterise waxes produced in the Fischer-Tropsch reaction, using Co-based catalysts either unpromoted or promoted with approximately 1 wt% of either cerium or rhenium. The aim was to measure average structural information at the submolecular level of the hydrocarbon waxes produced, along with identification of the minor products, such as oxygenates and olefins, which are typically observed in these waxes. A parameter of key interest is the average number of carbon atoms within the hydrocarbon chain (N(C)). A wax prepared using an unpromoted Co/Al(2)O(3) catalyst had N(C)∼20, whilst waxes made using rhenium- or cerium-promoted Co/Al(2)O(3) catalysts were found to have N(C)∼21. All three samples contained small amounts of oxygenates and alkenes. The subtle differences found in the waxes, in particular the minor species produced, demonstrate that the different promoters have different effects during the reaction, with the Re-promoted catalyst producing the fewest by-products. It is shown in (13)C solid-state NMR spectra that for that for longer chain (compared to the lengths of chain in previous studies) waxes that the lack of resolution and the complexities added by the differential cross-polarisation (CP) dynamics mean that it is difficult to accurately determine N(C) from this approach. However the N(C) determined by (13)C CP magic angle spinning NMR is broadly consistent with the more accurate solution approaches used and suggest that the wax characteristics do not change in solution. On this basis an alternative approach for determining N(C) is suggested based on (1)H solution state NMR that provides a higher degree of accuracy of the chain length as well as information on the minor constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Speight
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Yu
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, UK
| | | | | | - M. E. Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J. R. Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, UK
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Howes AP, Vedishcheva NM, Samoson A, Hanna JV, Smith ME, Holland D, Dupree R. Boron environments in Pyrex® glass—a high resolution, Double-Rotation NMR and thermodynamic modelling study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:11919-28. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp20771g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Jones JR, Lin S, Yue S, Lee PD, Hanna JV, Smith ME, Newport RJ. Bioactive glass scaffolds for bone regeneration and their hierarchical characterisation. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2010; 224:1373-87. [DOI: 10.1243/09544119jeim836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Scaffolds are needed that can act as temporary templates for bone regeneration and actively stimulate vascularized bone growth so that bone grafting is no longer necessary. To achieve this, the scaffold must have a suitable interconnected pore network and be made of an osteogenic material. Bioactive glass is an ideal material because it rapidly bonds to bone and degrades over time, releasing soluble silica and calcium ions that are thought to stimulate osteoprogenitor cells. Melt-derived bioactive glasses, such as the original Bioglass® composition, are available commercially, but porous scaffolds have been difficult to produce because Bioglass and similar compositions crystallize on sintering. Sol-gel foam scaffolds have been developed that avoid this problem. They have a hierarchical pore structure comprising interconnected macropores, with interconnect diameters in excess of the 100 μm that is thought to be needed for vascularized bone ingrowth, and an inherent nanoporosity of interconnected mesopores (2–50 nm) which is beneficial for the attachment of osteoprogenitor cells. They also have a compressive strength in the range of cancellous bone. This paper describes the optimized sol-gel foaming process and illustrates the importance of optimizing the hierarchical structure from the atomic through nano, to the macro scale with respect to biological response.
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Affiliation(s)
- J R Jones
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - S Lin
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - S Yue
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - P D Lee
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, UK
| | - J V Hanna
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - M E Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - R J Newport
- School of Physical Sciences, Ingram Building, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
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Glader P, Smith ME, Malmhäll C, Balder B, Sjöstrand M, Qvarfordt I, Lindén A. Interleukin-17-producing T-helper cells and related cytokines in human airways exposed to endotoxin. Eur Respir J 2010; 36:1155-64. [PMID: 20185422 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00170609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies on mouse models have indicated that interleukin (IL)-17 and IL-17-producing T-helper (Th) cells are important for pulmonary host defence against Gram-negative bacteria. Human correlates to these findings have not yet been demonstrated. The aim of the present study was to determine whether or not IL-17-producing Th cells are present and whether IL-17 and other Th17-associated cytokines are involved in the immunological response to endotoxin in human airways. Segmental exposure to endotoxin and contralateral exposure to vehicle were performed in the lungs of healthy volunteers, with subsequent bronchoalveolar lavage 12 or 24 h after exposure to study local changes in cytokines and inflammatory cells. Endotoxin exposure increased concentrations of IL-17, IL-22 and their downstream effector molecules, human β-defensin-2 and IL-8/CXC chemokine ligand 8, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Th cells with the capacity to produce IL-17 were found among the bronchoalveolar lavage cells, and expression of IL-17 mRNA correlated with expression of the transcription factor, retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor C variant 2. Moreover, endotoxin increased the numbers of neutrophils, macrophages and IL-17-producing T-cells, as well as the concentration of the Th17-regulating cytokines, IL-21 and IL-23. In conclusion, IL-17-producing Th cells are present, and IL-17, as well as other Th17-associated cytokines, is involved in the immunological response to endotoxin in human airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Glader
- Lung Immunology Group Dept of Internal Medicine/Respiratory Medicine and Allergology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 480, SE 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Hanna JV, Smith ME. Recent technique developments and applications of solid state NMR in characterising inorganic materials. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2010; 38:1-18. [PMID: 20605082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2010.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2010] [Revised: 05/29/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A broad overview is given of some key recent developments in solid state NMR techniques that have driven enhanced applications to inorganic materials science. Reference is made to advances in hardware, pulse sequences and associated computational methods (e.g. first principles calculations, spectral simulation), along with their combination to provide more information about solid phases. The resulting methodology has allowed more nuclei to be observed and more structural information to be extracted. Cross referencing between experimental parameters and their calculation from the structure has given an added dimension to NMR as a characterisation probe of materials. Emphasis is placed on the progress made in the last decade especially from those nuclei that were little studied previously. The general points about technique development and the increased range of nuclei observed are illustrated through some specific exemplars from inorganic materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Hanna
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV47AL, UK
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Kemp TF, Balakrishnan G, Pike KJ, Smith ME, Dupree R. Thermometers for low temperature Magic Angle Spinning NMR. J Magn Reson 2010; 204:169-172. [PMID: 20227900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2010.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of temperature in a Magic Angle Spinning NMR probe in the temperature range 85-300K is discussed. It is shown that the shift of the (119)Sn resonance of Sm(2)Sn(2)O(7) makes a good thermometer with shift being given by delta=223 - 9.54x10(4)/Tppm and a potential precision of better than 0.5K over the entire temperature range. The sensitivity is such (e.g. 4.2ppm/K at 150K) that small temperature gradients across the sample can readily be measured. Furthermore, since the spin-lattice relaxation time is very short, measurements can be made in approximately 1s enabling relatively rapid temperature changes to be followed. Values for the chemical shift of (207)Pb in Pb(NO(3))(2) down to approximately 85K are also presented. Although the (207)Pb shift variation is approximately linear near room temperature (we find a slope 0.725+/-0.002ppm/K over the range 293-153K), it clearly deviates from linearity below approximately 130K.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Kemp
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Lemke AA, Wolf WA, Hebert-Beirne J, Smith ME. Public and biobank participant attitudes toward genetic research participation and data sharing. Public Health Genomics 2010; 13:368-77. [PMID: 20805700 DOI: 10.1159/000276767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Research assessing attitudes toward consent processes for high-throughput genomic-wide technologies and widespread sharing of data is limited. In order to develop a better understanding of stakeholder views toward these issues, this cross-sectional study assessed public and biorepository participant attitudes toward research participation and sharing of genetic research data. Forty-nine individuals participated in 6 focus groups; 28 in 3 public focus groups and 21 in 3 NUgene biorepository participant focus groups. In the public focus groups, 75% of participants were women, 75% had some college education or more, 46% were African-American and 29% were Hispanic. In the NUgene focus groups, 67% of participants were women, 95% had some college education or more, and the majority (76%) of participants was Caucasian. Five major themes were identified in the focus group data: (a) a wide spectrum of understanding of genetic research; (b) pros and cons of participation in genetic research; (c) influence of credibility and trust of the research institution; (d) concerns about sharing genetic research data and need for transparency in the Policy for Sharing of Data in National Institutes of Health-Supported or Conducted Genome-Wide Association Studies; (e) a need for more information and education about genetic research. In order to increase public understanding and address potential concerns about genetic research, future efforts should be aimed at involving the public in genetic research policy development and in identifying or developing appropriate educational strategies to meet the public's needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Lemke
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill. 60611, USA.
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Panchmatia PM, Orera A, Kendrick E, Hanna JV, Smith ME, Slater PR, Islam MS. Protonic defects and water incorporation in Si and Ge-based apatite ionic conductors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b924220a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Kemp TF, Smith ME. QuadFit--a new cross-platform computer program for simulation of NMR line shapes from solids with distributions of interaction parameters. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2009; 35:243-252. [PMID: 19186033 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2008.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A new Java computer program called QuadFit has been written to simulate NMR line shapes from solid materials. The program takes into account the major interactions, with a key feature that distributions of isotropic chemical shift and quadrupolar interaction parameters can be calculated, which are often encountered in amorphous and disordered materials. The quadrupolar interaction can be simulated for all the transitions for both half-integer and integer spins. The utility of the program is demonstrated with examples of (27)Al (nuclear spin I=5/2) in an atomically disordered aluminoborate mullite, (65)Cu (I=3/2) in CuInSe(2) and (10)B (I=3) in amorphous B(2)O(3). The program has good cross-platform compatibility and is written for high stability. The program has been designed with an easy to use graphical interface. It can be run efficiently on any reasonably powerful PC and is freely available from the Warwick website (http://go.warwick.ac.uk/quadfit).
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Kemp
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Pickup DM, Moss RM, Qiu D, Newport RJ, Valappil SP, Knowles JC, Smith ME. Structural characterization by x-ray methods of novel antimicrobial gallium-doped phosphate-based glasses. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:064708. [PMID: 19222291 DOI: 10.1063/1.3076057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial gallium-doped phosphate-based glasses of general composition (P(2)O(5))(0.45)(CaO)(0.16)(Na(2)O)(0.39-x)(Ga(2)O(3))(x) (where x=0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05) have been studied using the advanced synchrotron-based techniques of Ga K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy and high-energy x-ray diffraction to provide a structural insight into their unique properties. The results show that the Ga(3+) ions are octahedrally coordinated. Furthermore, substitution of Na(2)O by Ga(2)O(3) strengthens the phosphate network structure because the presence of GaO(6) octahedra inhibits the migration of the remaining Na(+) ions. The results are discussed in terms of the use of Na(2)O-CaO-P(2)O(5) glasses as controlled-delivery devices for antimicrobial Ga(3+) ions in biomedical applications. We are thereby able to relate the atomic-scale environment of the Ga(3+) ions beneficially to the glass dissolution, and thus to their ability to disrupt bacterial cell activity by usurping the role of iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Pickup
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NH, United Kingdom.
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Speight R, Wong A, Ellis P, Hyde T, Bishop PT, Smith ME. A (59)Co NMR study to observe the effects of ball milling on small ferromagnetic cobalt particles. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2009; 35:67-73. [PMID: 19150229 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2008.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2008] [Revised: 11/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
To demonstrate the potential of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy for investigating detailed structural properties in ferromagnetic materials, three different particle sized cobalt (Co) powders have been ball milled for 24h are accurately characterised by internal-field (59)Co NMR. The (59)Co NMR spectra show distinct resonance bands corresponding to the different Co sites, face-centred-cubic (fcc), hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) and stacking faults (sfs), in Co metal powders. The hcp+fcc-->hcp phase transition encouraged by ball-milling was observed and quantitative values for each Co environment were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Speight
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Brewer JB, Magda S, Airriess C, Smith ME. Fully-automated quantification of regional brain volumes for improved detection of focal atrophy in Alzheimer disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2008; 30:578-80. [PMID: 19112065 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a1402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Volumetric analysis of structural MR images of the brain may provide quantitative evidence of neurodegeneration and help identify patients at risk for rapid clinical deterioration. This note describes tests of a fully automated MR imaging postprocessing system for volumetric analysis of structures (such as the hippocampus) known to be affected in early Alzheimer disease (AD). The system yielded results that correlated highly with independent computer-aided manual segmentation and were sensitive to the anatomic atrophy characteristic of mild AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Brewer
- Department of Radiology and Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
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Kemp TF, Wong A, Smith ME, Bishop PT, Carthey N. A natural abundance (77)Se solid-state NMR study of inorganic compounds. Solid State Nucl Magn Reson 2008; 34:224-227. [PMID: 19064315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2008.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2008] [Revised: 10/04/2008] [Accepted: 10/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Various inorganic selenium-based compounds were analysed by (77)Se solid-state NMR, and a distinct difference in chemical shift ranges for compounds where selenium is present as selenide (Se(2-)) ionically and covalently bonded systems was observed. The selenides exhibit a shift range of approximately -700 to -100ppm, as opposed to 700 to 1600ppm for the compounds where there tends to be more direct covalent bonding to the selenium. The anisotropic hyperfine shift observed in NbSe(2) is shown to be axially symmetric, where the H(11) component is found to be normal to the Se3-trigonal plane.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Kemp
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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Read JS, Best BM, Stek AM, Hu C, Capparelli EV, Holland DT, Burchett SK, Smith ME, Sheeran EC, Shearer WT, Febo I, Mirochnick M. Pharmacokinetics of new 625 mg nelfinavir formulation during pregnancy and postpartum. HIV Med 2008; 9:875-82. [PMID: 18795962 DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2008.00640.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Our objective was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of nelfinavir (NFV) (625 mg tablets) 1250 mg twice daily during pregnancy and postpartum. METHODS The participants were HIV-1-infected pregnant women enrolled in P1026s and receiving NFV (625 mg tablets) 1250 mg twice daily as part of routine clinical care. Intensive steady-state 12-h NFV pharmacokinetic profiles were performed during pregnancy and postpartum. The target NFV area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-12)) was >or=10th percentile NFV AUC(0-12) in non-pregnant historical controls (18.5 microg h/mL). RESULTS Of 27 patients receiving NFV, pharmacokinetic data were available for four (second trimester), 27 (third trimester) and 22 (postpartum) patients. The NFV maximum concentration (C(max)), 12-h post-dose concentration (C(12)) and AUC(0-12) were significantly lower during the third trimester compared to postpartum (P<or=0.03). The metabolite hydroxyl-tert-butylamide (M8) AUC(0-12) and the M8/NFV AUC ratio were lower during the third trimester compared to postpartum (P<0.01). The NFV AUC(0-12) exceeded the AUC(0-12) target for 15/27 (56%) and 21/22 (95%) of third trimester and postpartum patients, respectively. The minimum concentration (C(min)) was above the suggested minimum trough concentration (0.8 mug/mL) in 15% (third trimester) and 18% (postpartum). The plasma viral load was <400 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL in 81% of patients at delivery. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that higher doses of NFV should be considered during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Read
- Pediatric, Adolescent and Maternal AIDS Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-7510, USA.
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Abstract
Claviceps purpurea is an important pathogen of grasses and source of novel chemical compounds. Three groups within this species (G1, G2 and G3) have been recognized based on habitat association, sclerotia and conidia morphology, as well as alkaloid production. These groups have further been supported by Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers, suggesting this species may be more accurately described as a species complex. However, all divergent ecotypes can coexist in sympatric populations with no obvious physical barriers to prevent gene flow. In this study, we used both phylogenetic and population genetic analyses to test for speciation within C. purpurea using DNA sequences from ITS, a RAS-like locus, and a portion of beta-tubulin. The G1 types are significantly divergent from the G2/G3 types based on each of the three loci and the combined dataset, whereas the G2/G3 types are more integrated with one another. Although the G2 and G3 lineages have not diverged as much as the G1 lineage based on DNA sequence data, the use of three DNA loci does reliably separate the G2 and G3 lineages. However, the population genetic analyses strongly suggest little to no gene flow occurring between the different ecotypes, and we argue that this process is driven by adaptations to ecological habitats; G1 isolates are associated with terrestrial grasses, G2 isolates are found in wet and shady environments, and G3 isolates are found in salt marsh habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- G W Douhan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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Meador KJ, Gevins A, Loring DW, McEvoy LK, Ray PG, Smith ME, Motamedi GK, Evans BM, Baum C. Neuropsychological and neurophysiologic effects of carbamazepine and levetiracetam. Neurology 2007; 69:2076-84. [PMID: 18040014 DOI: 10.1212/01.wnl.0000281104.55418.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relative effects of levetiracetam (LEV) and carbamazepine (CBZ) on cognitive and neurophysiologic measures are uncertain. METHODS The effects of LEV and CBZ were compared in healthy adults using a randomized, double-blind, two-period crossover design. Outcome measures included 11 standard neuropsychological tests and the score from a cognitive-neurophysiologic test of attention and memory. Evaluations were conducted at screening, baseline pre-drug treatment, end of each maintenance phase (4 weeks), and end of each washout period after drug treatment. RESULTS A total of 28 adults (17 women) with mean age of 33 years (range 18 to 51) completed the study. Mean maintenance doses (+/-SD) were CBZ = 564 mg/day (110) and LEV = 2,000 mg/day (0). CBZ was adjusted to mid-range therapeutic level. Mean serum levels (+/-SD) were CBZ = 7.5 mcg/mL (1.5) and LEV = 32.2 mcg/mL (11.2). An overall composite score including all measures revealed worse effects for CBZ compared to LEV (p <or= 0.001) in the primary analysis and for CBZ (p <or= 0.001) and LEV (p <or= 0.05) compared to non-drug in secondary analyses. Across the 34 individual variables, CBZ was worse than LEV on 44% (15/34); none favored CBZ. Compared to the non-drug average, CBZ was worse for 76% (26/34), and LEV was worse for 12% (4 of 34). Sensitivity and specificity of standard neuropsychological tests and the cognitive-neurophysiologic test were determined to direct future studies; detection was most accurate by the cognitive-neurophysiologic test. CONCLUSIONS Levetiracetam produces fewer untoward neuropsychological and neurophysiologic effects than carbamazepine in monotherapy at the dosages and timeframes employed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Meador
- Department of Neurology, University of Florida, McKnight Brain Institute (L3-100), 100 South Newell Drive, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
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FitzGerald V, Drake KO, Jones JR, Smith ME, Honkimäki V, Buslaps T, Kretzschmer M, Newport RJ. In situ high-energy X-ray diffraction study of a bioactive calcium silicate foam immersed in simulated body fluid. J Synchrotron Radiat 2007; 14:492-499. [PMID: 17960032 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049507042173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2007] [Accepted: 08/28/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The method of in situ time-resolved high-energy X-ray diffraction, using the intrinsically highly collimated X-ray beam generated by the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, is demonstrated. A specially designed cell, which allows the addition of liquid components, has been used to study the reaction mechanisms of a foamed bioactive calcia-silica sol-gel glass immersed in simulated body fluid. Analysis of the X-ray diffraction data from this experiment provides atomic distances, via the pair correlation functions, at different stages of the dissolution of the glass and of the associated calcium phosphate, and ultimately hydroxyapatite, i.e. bone mineral, formation. Hence, changes in the atomic scale structure can be analysed as a function of reaction time, giving an insight into the evolution of the structure of both the glass matrix and the hydroxyapatite surface growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- V FitzGerald
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Kent at Canterbury, Canterbury CT2 7NH, UK.
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