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Ferrer MS, Hurley D, Norton N, Ellerbrock RE. Diagnosis of leucospermia in the stallion. Anim Reprod Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2022.107106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ferrer MS, Palomares RA, Hurley DJ, Norton N, Bullington AC, Hoyos-Jaramillo A, Bittar JHJ. Changes in serum testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone concentration in bulls undergoing scrotal insulation. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2022; 78:106685. [PMID: 34634727 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2021.106685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
While changes in semen quality after heat stress are well characterized in the bull, changes in endocrine function have not been critically evaluated. It was hypothesized here that scrotal insulation results in alterations in Sertoli cell and Leydig cell function, as measured by changes in serum testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) concentration. Scrotal insulation bags were placed in 10 bulls for 8 d. Blood was collected on days -22 and -2, and weekly from days 5 to 96 (day 0 = first day of scrotal insulation) for measurement of serum concentration of AMH and testosterone using ELISA. The concentration of AMH decreased on day 5, followed by an increase on day 54 (P = 0.014). When AMH concentration was normalized to pre-insulation values, the percent increase in serum concentration of AMH was significant between days 26 and 54, with another peak at 75 d (P = 0.031). The serum concentration of testosterone (P = 0.0001) and the percentage of change in testosterone concentration (P < 0.0001) increased on day 5, followed by a decrease from days 33 to 96. Scrotal insulation was associated with Sertoli and Leydig cell dysfunction, as measured by serum testosterone and AMH concentration. The persistently low concentration of testosterone at the end of the study suggests a long term effect of scrotal insulation on Leydig cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferrer
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605.
| | - R A Palomares
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605
| | - D J Hurley
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605
| | - N Norton
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605
| | - A C Bullington
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605
| | - A Hoyos-Jaramillo
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605
| | - J H J Bittar
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605
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Seekford ZK, Dickson MJ, Davis DB, Gonçlaves L, Burato S, Holton MP, Gordon J, Pohler KG, Lamb GC, Pringle TD, Stewart RL, Ferrer MS, Bromfield JJ, Fontes PLP. 95 Bulls fed a high-gain diet produce semen that results in fewer blastocysts following in vitro fertilisation and embryo culture. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:284-285. [PMID: 35231225 DOI: 10.1071/rdv34n2ab95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Z K Seekford
- University of Florida, Department of Animal Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - M J Dickson
- University of Florida, Department of Animal Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - D B Davis
- The University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA, USA
| | - L Gonçlaves
- Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - S Burato
- Sao Paulo State University, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M P Holton
- The University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J Gordon
- The University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
| | - K G Pohler
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - G C Lamb
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - T D Pringle
- The University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA, USA
| | - R L Stewart
- The University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA, USA
| | - M S Ferrer
- The University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA, USA
| | - J J Bromfield
- University of Florida, Department of Animal Sciences, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - P L P Fontes
- The University of Georgia, Department of Animal and Dairy Science, Athens, GA, USA
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Ferrer MS, Canisso IF, Podico G, Ellerbrock RE, Hurley DJ, Palomares R. Sperm-bound antisperm antibodies are associated with poor cryosurvival of stallion spermatozoa. Theriogenology 2021; 172:261-267. [PMID: 34303225 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Different stallions exhibit a high level of variation in the ability of their sperm to survive cryopreservation. A large fraction of stallions show poor post-thaw sperm motility, and their semen is not suitable for commercial freezing. In this study, we hypothesized that the presence of sperm-bound antisperm antibodies (ASAs) was associated with poor cryosurvival of stallion sperm. Our objective was to assess the level of ASA binding to stallion sperm, and determine if it was associated with good or poor sperm cryosurvival. In Experiment 1, cooled shipped semen from 27 stallions was frozen using three commercial semen extenders. Sperm motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity and apoptosis were evaluated before and after freezing for each aliquot. In addition, the percentage of ASA-bound sperm was evaluated post-thaw. In Experiment 2, semen from 22 stallions was frozen immediately after collection a single formulation of semen extender. Sperm motility and ASA binding were evaluated post-thaw. The results of both experiments showed similar findings. The frequency of ASA-positive samples was higher among stallions with poor sperm cryosurvival (Exp. 1 and 2 = 6/11, 54.5%) than for good sperm cryosurvival (Exp. 1 = 0/16, 0%; Exp. 2 = 1/11, 9.1%). The percentage of IgG- and IgA-bound sperm was also higher in stallions with poor sperm cryosurvival in both experiments (P < 0.05). Post-thaw sperm motility, velocity and distance parameters were lower in ASA-positive than ASA-negative stallions (P < 0.005). No effect of the semen extender used was observed. In addition, stallions with ASAs had a higher percentage of apoptotic sperm than stallions without ASAs. The presence of sperm-bound ASAs was associated with poor cryosurvival for stallion spermatozoa. Thus, it may be beneficial to evaluate stallions for binding of ASAs prior to freezing to offer and indicator of the prognosis for cryosurvival.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferrer
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - I F Canisso
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - G Podico
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - R E Ellerbrock
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - D J Hurley
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - R Palomares
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Ibrahim M, Ferrer MS, Ellerbrock RE, Rollin E. Evaluation of mare endometrial cytology using the novel cytotape technique. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 230:106770. [PMID: 34030070 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The cytobrush is considered the method of choice to obtain endometrial samples. Rigid brush fibers, however, may induce endometrial irritation and bleeding, or cell fragmentation, decreasing quality and diagnostic value of the samples. It was hypothesized that samples collected using a novel cytotape would provide sample smears of greater quality and less blood contamination than the cytobrush. Endometrial samples were collected with a cytotape and a cytobrush from ten mares without endometritis. Endometritis was then induced with artificial insemination, and samples were again collected 6 h after insemination. A cytology smear and bacterial culture were prepared from each sample. The collection methods and times were compared in terms of number and integrity of endometrial cells; number, integrity, and percentage of neutrophils; number of red blood cells, and number of colony-forming units. Frequency of positive cytology and culture was compared when there was use of each technique. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of cytology and culture for each technique was calculated using endometrial biopsy as the gold standard. While all samples had adequate and comparable cellularity and cell integrity, cytotape samples had less red blood cell contamination compared to cytobrush samples (P < 0.05). The number and percentage of PMNs, frequency of positive cytology diagnosis, number of colony-forming units and frequency of positive cultures did not differ between collection methods. In conclusion, the cytotape is a rapid, easy, and practical technique that can provide endometrial samples with similar diagnostic value to the cytobrush, but with less blood contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ibrahim
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - M S Ferrer
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30605, USA.
| | - R E Ellerbrock
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
| | - E Rollin
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30605, USA
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Ferrer MS, Canisso IF, Ellerbrock RE, Podico G, Lister BN, Hurley DJ, Kline K, Palomares RA. Optimization of cryopreservation protocols for cooled-transported stallion semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 221:106581. [PMID: 32891911 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Freezing cooled-transported semen allows veterinarians and breeders to collect and process the semen of stallions on farm, and then ship the semen to a semen freezing center. There, however, is a lack of standardization of shipping and freezing protocols. The objectives were to optimize and simplify protocols to freeze cooled-shipped semen. In Experiment 1, cooled-transported semen was centrifuged at room temperature or 5 °C before freezing. Sperm variables (motility, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, membrane fluidity) were evaluated before and after freezing. Centrifugation temperature had no effect on post-thaw semen quality. In Experiment 2, cooled-transported semen was centrifuged at room temperature and cryopreserved in three semen freezing extenders. With use of the improved modified French formula, there was less post-thaw total and progressive motility compared with use of Botucrio or the improved lactose-EDTA formula (P<0.0001). Semen cryopreserved in the improved modified French formula also had a lesser percentage of sperm with intact membranes compared with lactose-EDTA, and a greater percentage of sperm with capacitation-like changes compared with Botucrio (P<0.0001). In Experiment 3, semen diluted in each extender was frozen conventionally or placed directly in a -80 °C ultra-freezer. Freezing in the ultra-freezer resulted in a lesser post-thaw sperm motility, but not membrane and acrosome integrity and capacitation-like changes. In conclusion, centrifugation and addition of freezing extender to cooled transported semen can be performed at room temperature or 5 °C. The Botucrio and lactose-EDTA formula are recommended for conventional cryopreservation of cooled-transported stallion semen as compared with the modified French formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferrer
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
| | - I F Canisso
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - R E Ellerbrock
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - G Podico
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - B N Lister
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - D J Hurley
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - K Kline
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agricultural, Environment and Nutritional Sciences, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - R A Palomares
- Department of Population Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Ferrer MS, Palomares R. Aerobic uterine isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility in mares with post-partum metritis. Equine Vet J 2017; 50:202-207. [PMID: 28796905 DOI: 10.1111/evj.12738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential for life-threatening complications of metritis requires prompt initiation of antimicrobial treatment, often before microbiological test results are reported. However, published studies to guide first-line antibiotic selection are scarce. OBJECTIVES To report the most frequent bacterial species, antimicrobial susceptibility and prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) in cases of equine metritis. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective analysis of uterine bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) results from mares with metritis. METHODS Data from uterine culture and AST from 45 mares and 88 bacterial isolates were analysed. The frequency of single and mixed infections, bacterial species and susceptibility to antimicrobials was reported. RESULTS Mixed growth (62.2% mares) was more frequent than pure growth. The most commonly isolated bacterial species was Escherichia coli (30.7%) and mares with mixed growth most commonly grew a combination of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (65.5%). Gentamicin with penicillin was an appropriate choice for 65.1% of the mares. Trimethoprim/sulfonamide was effective in only 48.8% of the mares. Effective antimicrobial therapy was provided by the combination of penicillin with amikacin (90.7%) or with enrofloxacin (81.4%). Some organisms were also sensitive to tetracyclines, cephalosporins and chloramphenicol. MDR was more frequent in Gram-negative (85.4%) than Gram-positive bacteria (23.5%). MAIN LIMITATIONS Low number of bacteria, limited number of veterinary specific interpretive criteria for equine metritis. CONCLUSIONS Mixed infections were common in equine metritis. Gram-negative bacteria and enterococci were often associated with resistance to the most frequently used antimicrobials. Potentiated sulfonamides are not an appropriate first choice for mares with metritis. While the combination of penicillin and gentamicin may be an appropriate first-line treatment for some mares, use of amikacin or enrofloxacin instead of gentamicin may be preferential.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferrer
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - R Palomares
- Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Ferrer MS, Anderson DE, Miller LMJ, George A, Miesner M, Wilkerson M. Effect of Bovine Sperm-Bound Antisperm Antibodies on Oviductal Binding Index. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 51:287-93. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MS Ferrer
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS USA
| | - DE Anderson
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS USA
| | - LMJ Miller
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS USA
| | - A George
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS USA
| | - M Miesner
- Department of Clinical Sciences; College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS USA
| | - M Wilkerson
- Diagnostic Medicine and Pathobiology; College of Veterinary Medicine; Kansas State University; Manhattan KS USA
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Paz RC, Rendina González AP, Ferrer MS, Masuelli RW. Short-term hybridisation activates Tnt1 and Tto1 Copia retrotransposons in wild tuber-bearing Solanum species. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2015; 17:860-869. [PMID: 25556397 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Interspecific hybridisation in tuber-bearing species of Solanum is a common phenomenon and represents an important source of variability, crucial for adaptation and speciation of potato species. In this regard, the effects of interspecific hybridisation on retrotransposon families present in the genomes, and their consequent effects on generation of genetic variability in wild tuber-bearing Solanum species, are poorly characterised. The aim of this study was to analyse the activity of retrotransposons in inter- and intraspecific hybrids between S. kurtzianum and S. microdontum, obtained by controlled crosses, and the effects on morphological, genetic and epigenetic variability. For genetic and epigenetic analysis, S-SAP (sequence-specific amplification polymorphism) and TMD (transposon methylation display) techniques were used, respectively, with specific primers for Tnt1 and Tto1 retrotransposon families (Order LTR, Superfamily Copia). The results indicate that at morphological level, interspecific hybrid genotypes differ from their parental species, whereas derived intraspecific hybrids do not. In both cases, we observed significant reductions in pollen grain viability, and a negative correlation with Tnt1 mobility. Both retrotransposons, Tto1 and Tnt1, were mobilised in the genotypes analysed, with mobility ranging from 0 to 7.8%. Furthermore, at the epigenetic level, demethylation was detected in the vicinity of Tnt1 and Tto1 in the hybrids compared with the parental genotypes. These patterns were positively correlated with the activity of the retrotransposons. The results suggest a possible mechanism through which hybridisation events generate genetic variability in tuber-bearing species of Solanum through retrotranposon activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Paz
- Dpto. de Biología, Grupo INTERBIODES (Biological Interactions of Desert), CIGEOBIO (FCEFyN, UNSJ/CONICET), Rivadavia, San Juan, Argentina
| | - A P Rendina González
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - M S Ferrer
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - R W Masuelli
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza (IBAM), Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Chacras de Coria, Mendoza, Argentina
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), La Consulta, San Carlos, Mendoza, Argentina
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Ferrer MS, Miesner M, Anderson DE, Rousseau M, Sardoy MC. Ultrasonographic fetal parameters and neonatal survival in somatic cell nuclear transfer-derived beef calves. Theriogenology 2014; 82:827-33. [PMID: 25107630 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to identify prognostic indicators of calf survival in SCNT-derived beef calves. Ultrasonographic parameters of fetal well-being and development, maternal clinical parameters, and neonatal parameters were evaluated as predictors of calf survival in cows carrying SCNT-derived beef fetuses (n = 38). Calf survival was 61.5% (88.2% female and 40.9% male calves; P = 0.0026). Cow respiratory rate and cow temperature were significantly greater in the nonsurviving (NS) group 1 week prepartum. In surviving (S) calves, fetal heart rate (FHR) decreased during the last 2 weeks of gestation (P < 0.01). However, this final deceleration was not observed in NS calves, resulting in higher FHRs in this group (P < 0.0001). Fetal movement and fluid scores did not differ with calf classification. Mean amniotic fluid depth was smaller in S (5.5 ± 0.7 cm) than NS (8.7 ± 1.4 cm) calves (P = 0.0398). However, mean allantoic fluid depth did not differ (P = 0.6120). There was a significant association between the body weight of calf and the diameter of the fetal aorta (P = 0.0115; r(2) = 0.3762). Surviving calves were lighter at birth (P = 0.0028) and were born later (P = 0.007) than NS calves. Calves born vaginally had a smaller fetal aorta (2.1 ± 0.1 cm vaginal and 2.4 ± 0.1 cm Cesarean) (P = 0.0487) and a lighter birth weight (41.4 ± 4.2 kg vaginal and 60.4 ± 2.1 kg Cesarean) (P = 0.0001) than calves born by Cesarean. Also, calves that underwent spontaneous labor (52.2% S and 0% NS; P = 0.0029) had a lighter birth weight (44.9 ± 3.8 kg) than calves that did not initiate labor (61.6 ± 2.2 kg) (P = 0.0004). Frequent ultrasonographic fetal monitoring allowed identification of differences between S and NS calves. Calves without a final decrease in FHR or with a large aortic diameter were more likely to require a Cesarean because of failure to initiate labor or fetomaternal disproportion. Parameters of fetal well-being and development during the last 3 weeks of gestation were first described in SCNT-derived beef calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferrer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
| | - M Miesner
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - D E Anderson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - M Rousseau
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
| | - M C Sardoy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA
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Sardoy MC, Anderson DE, George A, Wilkerson MJ, Skinner S, Ferrer MS. Standardization of a method to detect bovine sperm-bound antisperm antibodies by flow cytometry. Theriogenology 2012; 78:1570-7. [PMID: 22925638 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objectives were to standardize some methodological and analytical aspects of a direct technique to detect sperm-bound antisperm antibodies (ASAs) in bovine semen using flow cytometry, including the effects of prefixation of sperm membranes with formalin buffer solution and inclusion of dead cells in the analysis. Fourteen Angus bulls, including ASA-positive (experimentally induced ASAs) and 10 reproductively normal ASA-negative bulls, were used. Fixation of sperm membranes had no significant effect on the percentage of IgG- or IgA-bound spermatozoa detected by flow cytometry. However, including dead cells in the analysis increased the percentage of IgG-bound spermatozoa in fixed (live and dead 18.6 ± 9.7% and live 1.3 ± 0.5%; median ± SEM) and nonfixed samples (live and dead 18.8 ± 9.2%, live 1.5 ± 0.6%; P = 0.0029), as well as IgA-bound spermatozoa in fixed (live and dead 16.3 ± 6.4%, live 0.3 ± 0.5%) and nonfixed samples (live and dead 21.4 ± 4.6%, live 1.0 ± 0.5%; P = 0.0041) in semen from ASA-negative bulls. Intrasample, intra-assay, and interassay coefficients of variation (CV) were 0.8%, 4.6%, and 5.3%, respectively, for determination of sperm-bound IgG, and were 2.8%, 8.4%, and 40.3% for determination of sperm-bound IgA. Despite the high interassay CV for IgA determination, all ASA-positive bulls consistently had high percentages of IgA-bound spermatozoa. Flow cytometry correctly identified ASA-positive bulls. Confocal laser microscopy confirmed binding of ASAs to sperm heads and cytoplasmic droplets, and less frequently to midpieces and principal piece. In conclusion, although fixation was not necessary, dead cells should be excluded from the analysis, because ejaculates with a large proportion of dead cells can yield false-positive results. Flow cytometry was accurate and reliable for detection of sperm-bound IgG and IgA and discrimination between ASA-positive and ASA-negative bulls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Sardoy
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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Ferrer MS, Lyle SK, Paccamonti DL, Eilts BE, Hosgood G, Godke RA. Persistent Breeding-Induced Endometritis after Hysteroscopic Insemination in the Mare. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 47:732-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ferrer MS, Lutjemeier BJ, Koopman T, Pierucci-Alves F, Weiss ML. Xenogeneic transplantation of equine testicular cells into seminiferous tubules of immunocompetent rats. Theriogenology 2011; 75:1258-64. [PMID: 21316749 PMCID: PMC3073581 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2010] [Revised: 11/15/2010] [Accepted: 11/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The objectives were to develop a transplantation assay for equine testicular cells using busulfan-treated prepubertal immunocompetent rats as recipients, and to determine if putative equine spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) could be enriched by flow cytometric cell sorting (based on light scattering properties), thereby improving engraftment efficiency. Four weeks after transplantation of frozen/thawed PKH26-labeled equine testicular cells, 0.029 ± 0.045% (mean ± SD) of viable donor cells transplanted had engrafted. Donor cells were present in seminiferous tubules of all recipient rats forming chains, pairs, mesh structures, or clusters (with two to >30 cells/structure). Cells were localized to the basal compartment by the basement membrane. Although equine cells proliferated within rat seminiferous tubules, no donor-derived spermatogenesis was evident. Furthermore, there was no histologic evidence of acute cellular rejection. No fluorescent cells were present in control testes. When equine testicular cells were sorted based on light scattering properties, the percentage of transplanted donor cells that engrafted was higher after injection of cells from the small, low complexity fraction (II; 0.169 ± 0.099%) than from either the large, high complexity fraction (I; 0.046 ± 0.051%) or unsorted cells (0.009 ± 0.007%; P < 0.05). Seminiferous tubules of busulfan-treated prepubertal immunocompetent rats provided a suitable niche for engraftment and proliferation, but not differentiation, of equine testicular cells. Sorting equine testicular cells based on light scattering properties resulted in a 19-fold improvement in colonization efficiency by cells with high forward scatter and low side scatter, which may represent putative equine SSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Ferrer
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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14
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Abstract
The typical dose for insemination into the uterine body of the mare is > 300 x 10(6) progressively motile spermatozoa (PMS) and an insemination dose of > 200 x 10(6) PMS is recommended for frozen-thawed semen. Low-dose insemination techniques allow for a drastic reduction in the numbers of spermatozoa required to achieve pregnancy. Acceptable pregnancy rates can be achieved with doses ranging from 1 to 25 x 10(6) PMS in volumes ranging from 20 to 1000 microL. Two techniques have been described: hysteroscopic insemination and transrectally guided deep horn insemination using a pipette. Similar pregnancy rates can be attained by either method when 5 x 10(6) PMS are used. Hysteroscopic insemination may provide an advantage when the dose is 1-3 x 10(6) PMS. These techniques have the potential to make more efficient use of frozen-thawed or sex-sorted semen from certain stallions. The use of low-dose insemination to improve fertility of infertile stallions warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Lyle
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
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15
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Miragaya MH, Aba MA, Capdevielle EF, Ferrer MS, Chaves MG, Rutter B, Agüero A. Follicular activity and hormonal secretory profile in vicuna (Vicugna vicugna). Theriogenology 2004; 61:663-71. [PMID: 14698056 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(03)00238-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to characterize ovarian activity in non-mated vicunas, relating ovarian structures (evaluated by transrectal ultrasonography, daily for 30 days) to changes in plasma concentrations of estradiol-17beta and progesterone. Ovarian follicular activity occurred in waves, characterized by the follicle emergence, growth and regression. The mean duration of follicular waves was 7.2+/-0.5 days (mean+/-S.E.M.), with a range of 4-11 days. The follicular growth phase averaged 3.0+/-0.2 days, the static phase 1.4+/-0.1, the regression phase 2.9+/-0.3 days, and the inter-wave interval was 4.2+/-0.3 days. The mean growth rate during the growing phase was 1.8+/-0.1mm/day, while the duration of the interval from 6mm to maximum diameter was 1.4+/-0.1 days. The mean maximum diameter of the dominant follicle was 8.4+/-0.3mm (range: 6.2-11.2) and mean diameter of the largest subordinate follicle was 5.4+/-0.1mm. There was an inverse relationship between the size of the largest follicle and the total number of follicles (r=-0.21, P=0.002). Follicle activity alternated between ovaries in 77% of the waves, with 40% of dominant follicles present in the left ovary and 60% in the right ovary. Plasma estradiol-17beta concentrations also had a wave-like pattern, varying between 12.0 and 62.8 pmol/l. Plasma progesterone concentrations remained below 5.0 nmol/l and there was no ultrasonographic evidence of ovulation during the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Miragaya
- Area de Teriogenologi;a, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Chorroarin 280, Capital Federal 1427, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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