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Fernandez J, Sanders H, Henn J, Wilson JM, Malone D, Buoninfante A, Willms M, Chan R, DuMont AL, McLahan C, Grubb K, Romanello A, van den Dobbelsteen G, Torres VJ, Poolman JT. Vaccination with Detoxified Leukocidin AB Reduces Bacterial Load in a Staphylococcus aureus Minipig Deep Surgical Wound Infection Model. J Infect Dis 2021; 225:1460-1470. [PMID: 33895843 PMCID: PMC9016470 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines against Staphylococcus aureus have eluded researchers for >3 decades while the burden of staphylococcal diseases has increased. Early vaccine attempts mainly used rodents to characterize preclinical efficacy, and all subsequently failed in human clinical efficacy trials. More recently, leukocidin AB (LukAB) has gained interest as a vaccine antigen. We developed a minipig deep surgical wound infection model offering 3 independent efficacy readouts: bacterial load at the superficial and at the deep-seated surgical site, and dissemination of bacteria. Due to similarities with humans, minipigs are an attractive option to study novel vaccine candidates. With this model, we characterized the efficacy of a LukAB toxoid as vaccine candidate. Compared to control animals, a 3-log reduction of bacteria at the deep-seated surgical site was observed in LukAB-treated minipigs and dissemination of bacteria was dramatically reduced. Therefore, LukAB toxoids may be a useful addition to S. aureus vaccines and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H Sanders
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - J Henn
- Bacterial Vaccines, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | - D Malone
- Bacterial Vaccines, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - A Buoninfante
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M Willms
- Bacterial Vaccines, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - R Chan
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - A L DuMont
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - C McLahan
- In Vivo Sciences, Spring House, PA, USA
| | - K Grubb
- Bacterial Vaccines, Spring House, PA, USA
| | | | | | - V J Torres
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - J T Poolman
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention B.V., Leiden, The Netherlands
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Ramboz S, Silva SD, Stevenson R, Osborne M, Willms M, Kudwa A, Cirillo C, Mushlin R, Olsen M, Bent S, Ghavami A, Sherer T, Frasier M, Dave K. P.19.3 Phenotypic characterization of the autosomal recessive (Pink-1 and DJ-1) gene knockout rat models of Parkinson’s disease. Neuromuscul Disord 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2013.06.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
In this prospective study we evaluate the role of serum bile acids in the investigation and management of cholestasis of pregnancy in a detailed study of 18 patients. Bile acids were the most sensitive diagnostic test. The increased incidence of fetal distress (33.3% in this series) and meconium-stained fluid (58.3%) did not correlate with very high values of bile acids in maternal serum, umbilical cord serum, or amniotic fluid. Treatment of pruritus with cholestyramine and/or phenobarbital is ineffective in this condition, induction of labor is suggested once fetal lung maturity is established.
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Thorson SC, McIntosh HW, Willms M. Triiodothyronine binding affinity for thyroxine-binding globulin in serum from normal subjects and from hyperthyroid, hypothyroid and pregnant patients. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh) 1969; 62:555-64. [PMID: 4982214 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.0620555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
The binding of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) was quantitated in pooled serum from normal, hyperthyroid, hypothyroid and pregnant subjects. To aliquots of each pool was added a small quantity of 131I-T3 and varying concentrations of unlabelled T3 or thyroxine (T4). Following countercurrent electrophoresis in both barbital and trismaleate buffers at pH 8.6, the concentration of 131I-T3 bound to TBG was calculated and the displacing effect of unlabelled T3 and T4 compared. The displacement of 131I-T3 from TBG was greater with T4 than with T3 when normal, hypothyroid and pregnancy sera were electrophoresed in barbital buffer (which inhibits thyroid-binding prealbumin (TBPA) binding of T4). The same findings are seen when hyperthyroid serum which is deficient in TBPA is electrophoresed in trismaleate buffer (which does not inhibit TBPA binding of T4). The observed data indicate that T4 has a greater binding affinity for TBG than has T3 but only displaces T3 to significant degree when TBG is saturated and when TBPA binding of T4 is reduced or inhibited. TBG binding capacities for T3 have been derived for each of the 4 clinical groups and appear to be less than corresponding binding capacities for T4.
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