Thoracic benign cystic mesothelioma

BACKGROUND

Benign cystic mesotheliomas (BCMs), also known as multilocular mesothelial inclusion cysts, inflammatory inclusion cysts or multicystic mesothelial proliferation, are frequently observed in females and are localised localised in the pelvic peritoneum. They are rarely present in the thoracic and mediastinal areas; however, these locations have been reported in a few cases in the literature.

CASE PRESENTATION

We present the case of a woman with an intrathoracic BCM. A 28-year-old female patient presented with a cystic mass of 8 × 6 × 6 cm in the left hemithorax shown by computed tomography of the thorax. The patient underwent cystic mass excision with video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), which was completed without complications. The diagnosis was confirmed histopathologically after the surgical resection.

CONCLUSIONS

Due to BCMs' non-specific clinical symptoms and radiological imaging, preoperative diagnosis is difficult, and they are often confused with pericardial cysts. There is no standard treatment protocol; however, VATS and en bloc resection are the most frequently used treatment options for mediastinal localization. Since these lesions slow proliferation rates have the potential for local recurrence and low malignant transformation, close follow-up is recommended. In this case report, we aimed to present a rare BCM case with intrathoracic paracardiac localization was completely excised through VATS. No recurrence has been detected in three years of follow-up.

COVID-19 in a Lung Transplant Patient: Rapid Progressive Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction

The pandemic of SARS-CoV-2, known as COVID-19, has continued to show its effect all over the world. The clinical course of the disease in solid-organ transplant recipients is a matter of concern. Lung transplant recipients also demonstrate special features because the graft encounters the COVID-19 pathogen directly as a result of inhalation, and the lungs are the most important organs affected by the disease. We shared the development process of acute rejection followed by rapid progression of chronic lung allograft dysfunction after COVID-19 in a recipient who was followed-up in the fifth year after lung transplant.

Rapidly Progressive Pulmonary Kaposi Sarcoma After Bilateral Sequential Lung Transplant: A Case Report

Skin cancers are among the rarely seen complications after solid-organ transplant. Kaposi sarcoma invasion to an allograft is an uncommon condition. In this study, we present a case of Kaposi sarcoma in a 58-year-old patient diagnosed at 8 months after bilateral sequential lung transplant due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Kaposi sarcoma showed rapid progression despite immunosuppressive drug modification, resulting in lung involvement and respiratory failure. Rapid and complete improvement was achieved with rapid diagnosis and aggressive treatment that included combined chemotherapy after surgery. The patient presented with no complications from Kaposi sarcoma at month 26 after transplant.

Abstract 5277: The cBioPortal for cancer genomics and its application in precision oncology

The cBioPortal for Cancer Genomics provides intuitive visualization and analysis of complex cancer genomics data. The public site (http://cbioportal.org/) is accessed by more than 1,500 researchers per day, and there are now dozens of local instances of the software that host private data sets at cancer centers around the globe.

We have recently released the software under an open source license, making it free to use and modify by anybody. The software and detailed documentation are available at https://github.com/cBioPortal/cbioportal.

We are now establishing a multi-institutional software development network, which will coordinate and drive the future development of the software and associated data pipelines. This group will focus on four main areas:

1. New analysis and visualization features, including:

a. Improved support for cross-cancer queries and cohort comparisons.

b. Enhanced clinical decision support for precision oncology, including an improved patient view with knowledge base integration, patient timelines and improved tools for visualizing tumor evolution.

2. New data pipelines, including support for new genomic data types and streamlined pipelines for TCGA and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC).

3. Software architecture and performance improvements.

4. Community engagement: Documentation, user support, and training.

This coordinated effort will help to further establish the cBioPortal as the software of choice in cancer genomics research, both in academia and the pharmaceutical industry. Furthermore, as the sequencing of tumor samples has entered clinical practice, we are expanding the features of the software so that it can be used for precision medicine at cancer centers. In particular, clean, web-accessible, interactive clinical reports integrating multiple sources of genome variation and clinical annotation over time has potential to improve clinical action beyond current text-based molecular reports. By making complex genomic data easily interpretable and linking it to information about drugs and clinical trials, the cBioPortal software has the potential to facilitate the use of genomic data in clinical decision making.

Citation Format: Jianjiong Gao, James Lindsay, Stuart Watt, Istemi Bahceci, Pieter Lukasse, Adam Abeshouse, Hsiao-Wei Chen, Ino de Bruijn, Benjamin Gross, Dong Li, Ritika Kundra, Zachary Heins, Jorge Reis-Filho, Onur Sumer, Yichao Sun, Jiaojiao Wang, Qingguo Wang, Hongxin Zhang, Priti Kumari, M. Furkan Sahin, Sander de Ridder, Fedde Schaeffer, Kees van Bochove, Ugur Dogrusoz, Trevor Pugh, Chris Sander, Ethan Cerami, Nikolaus Schultz. The cBioPortal for cancer genomics and its application in precision oncology. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 5277.

Microwave-assisted synthesis of 1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one derivatives and analysis of their antinociceptive activity

A rapid and efficient method was developed for synthesis of 6-acyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one derivatives under microwave irradiation (MWI) conditions. The reaction times were shortened compared to conventional heating. Additionally, we synthesized acetic acid and acetamide derivatives of 1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one, 6-acyl-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one, 5-chloro-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one and 6-acyl-5-chloro-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one with the microwave-assisted method and analyzed their antinociceptive activity with the tail flick, tail clip, hot plate and writhing tests. Among the synthesized compounds, 3-[2-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one (6a), 5-chloro-3-{2-oxo-2-[4-(propan-2-yl) piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one (7e) and 3-[2-(4-butylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethyl]-5-chloro-1,3-benzothiazol-2(3H)-one (8e) showed significant antinociceptive activity in the tail clip, tail flick, hot plate and writhing tests. Supporting Information available online at http://www.thieme-connect.de/ejournals/toc/amf.

Synthesis and antinociceptive activity of [(2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-yl)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-1,2,4-triazoline-5-thiones

The synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of new [(2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-yl)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-1,2,4-triazoline-5-thiones are reported. All compounds were screened for analgesic and antiinflammatory activities by using the AcOH induced-stretching test, the hot plate test, the tail clip test, and the tail flick test. All of the title compounds showed more potent activity than the standard compound aspirin in the AcOH induced-stretching test. In the hot plate test [(2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-yl)methyl]-4-phenethyl-1,2,4-triazoline-5-thione 5j were revealed to be two-fold more potent in antinociceptive activity than novalgine. However, in the tail flick and tail clip test none of the compounds showed an antinociceptive activity as high as that of novalgine. On the basis of available data the structure-activity relationship in the [(2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-yl)methyl]-4-alkyl/aryl-1,2,4-triazoline-5-thiones was also discussed.

Synthesis and antinociceptive activity of 6-substituted-3-pyridazinone derivatives

A series of 3-pyridazinones carrying morpholino, arylpiperidino and arylpiperazino moiety in the position 6 IIa-g were synthesized and evaluated for antinociceptive activity. In the modified Koster test in mice 4-(4-fluorophenyl) piperazine, IIf, was found the most active compound. All the compounds except IId were more active than aspirin in the antinociceptive activity test.

Synthesis and antinociceptive activity of (2-benzazolon-3-yl)propionamide derivatives

The syntheses of (2-benzothiazolinon-3-yl)propionamide and (2-benzoxazolinon-3-yl)propionamide derivatives are reported. The structures of these compounds are elucidated by their IR and 1H-NMR spectral data, as well as by elemental analysis. The compounds were tested for antinociceptive activity by hot plate, tail flick, tail clip, and modified Koster tests. Compounds 6b and 7d were found to be the most promising compounds among the substances investigated.

Synthesis and antinociceptive activity of (5-chloro-2-benzothiazolinon-3-yl)acetamide derivatives

The synthesis of (5-chloro-2-benzothiazolinon-3-yl)acetamide derivatives is reported. The structure of these compounds is supported by their IR and 1H-NMR spectra. The compounds were tested for antinociceptive activity.

The in vitro hepatic microsomal metabolism of methyl 2-(2(3H)-benzoxazolone-3-yl)acetate in rats

The in vitro hepatic microsomal metabolism of methyl 2-(2(3H)-benzoxazolone-3-yl)acetate (I) was studied using hepatic washed rat microsomal preparations fortified with NADPH. The substrate (I) and its potential hydrolytic metabolite 2-(2(3H)-benzoxazolone-3-yl)acetic acid (II) and 2(3H)-benzoxazolone (III), a potential dealkylation metabolite, were separated using a reverse phase HPLC system which consisted of a C18 column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile: 0.02 M phosphate buffer (30:70, final pH 7) at a flow rate of 1 ml/min with UV detection at 254 nm. The substrate (I) was incubated with rat microsomal preparations, extracted into DCM, and finally evaporated under nitrogen. The results from HPLC studies showed that (I) was metabolised to (II) and (III) by rat microsomes in the presence of NADPH.

Studies on some 3(2H)-pyridazinone derivatives with antinociceptive activity

Nineteen new [6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3(2H)-pyridazinone-2-yl]-acetamide (1-10) and 3-[6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3(2H)-pyridazin-one-2-yl]propanamide (11-19) derivatives have been synthesized in this study. The structures of the compounds have been elucidated by their IR and NMR spectral data and elemental analysis. Antinociceptive activity of the compounds has been investigated by modified Koster's Test in mice, using aspirin as a reference. All the compounds (at 100 mg/kg dose) except 1 and 9 have been found more potent than aspirin. Compound 6 in the group of acetamide derivatives and compound 15 in the group of propanamides exhibited the highest antinociceptive activity. In addition, the propanamides have generally been found more potent than acetamides. In addition to these studies, the quantitative relationships between some structural parameters (such as log P, parachor, molar refractivity, and molecular connectivity indices) and antinociceptive activity of the compounds have been investigated. Statistical regression analysis has shown a close relationship to exist between the first-order molecular connectivity index (1 chi) and the antinociceptive activity.

Synthesis and antinociceptive activity of (1-benzyl-2(3H)-benzimidazolon- 3-yl) acetic acid derivatives

Eight (1-benzyl-2(3H)-benzimidazolon-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives have been synthesized and tested for antinociceptive activity in this study. All compounds but one, at the oral dose of 100 mg/kg were comparable with aspirin. Ethyl (1-benzyl-2(3H)-benzimidazolon-3-yl)acetate (3), 4-[(1-benzyl-2(3H)-benzimidazolon-3-yl)acetyl]morpholine (6a) and 1-[(1-benzyl-2(3H)-benzimidazolon-3-yl)acetyl]pyrrolidine (6b) have shown more potent antinociceptive activity than others.

Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of some (2/4-substituted)benzaldehyde (2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-yl)acetohydrazones

Fifteen new (2/4-substituted)benzaldehyde (2-oxobenzothiazolin-3-yl)acetohydrazones were synthesized and their structures were elucidated by NMR and elemental analysis. Their anticonvulsant activity was tested by a pentylenetetrazole induced seizure test. Compounds 4e and 4h were found to be the most promising among the others.

Synthesis and antinociceptive activity of some 3-substituted benzothiazolone derivatives

Thirteen 3-substituted benzothiazolone derivatives have been synthesized. Their chemical structures have been elucidated by IR and NMR spectral data and by elemental analyses. Among these compounds, 1-¿3-[2(3H)-benzothiazolon-3-yl[propanoyl]morpholine (5b); 1-¿3-[2(3H)-benzothiazolon-3-yl[propanoyl]-4-benzylpiperidine++ + (5c); 1-¿3-[2(3H)-benzothiazolon-3-yl[-propanoyl]-4-phenylpiperazine (5d); 3-[3-(4-benzylpiperidine-1-yl)propyl]-2(3H)-benzothiazolone (5k); 3-[3-(4-benzylpiperazine-1-yl)propyl]-2(3H)-benzothiazolone (5I); 3-[3-(4-phenylpiperazine-1-yl)propyl]-2(3H)-benzothiazolone (5m) have been found to be significantly more active than the others.

The in vitro effects of new non-steroidal antiinflammatory compounds on antioxidant system of human erythrocytes

It has been reported by our group that some benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone derivatives showed significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity [DOGRUER et al. 1997]. It has been speculated that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can act as the free radical scavengers and possess antioxidant activity. It is also well documented that oxidative stress can play an important role in the side effects of many xenobiotics including NSAIDs. Therefore, in the present study, the effects of six of the above mentioned benzoxazolone and benzothiazolone derivatives bearing 2-pyridylaminocarbonylmetyl moiety at the position 3 (I) on the antioxidant system-related parameters of human erythrocytes have been investigated. Diclofenac and nimesulid were also tested in the same systems as the control, because they are commonly used as NSAIDs. Our results showed that these compounds made significant changes in the antioxidant system of human erythrocyte.

The in vitro hepatic metabolism of 1-phenyl-2-(2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl)ethanone and their reduced derivatives

The in vitro hepatic microsomal metabolism of 1-phenyl-2-(2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl)ethanone (I) and (+/-)-1-Phenyl-2-(2-benzothiazolinone-3-yl)ethanol (II) was studied using both rat microsomal preparations and soluble fractions fortified with NADPH. These two substrates and their potential dealkylation metabolite 2-benzothiazolinone were synthesized and their structures were elucidated by spectral methods. The results showed that (I) was metabolised to (II), the corresponding alcohol by reduction. More alcohol metabolite was observed with microsomes than those obtained with the soluble fractions. No dealkylation of (I) was observed in the experiments using both microsomes and soluble fractions. (II) was metabolised to (I), the corresponding ketone by oxidation. However, compared to the metabolism of (I), more ketone metabolite was observed with soluble fractions than microsomes. (II) was also dealkylated to (III) with only soluble fractions but no dealkylated metabolites were found in the microsomes. In addition, a common unknown metabolite was observed with each substrates.

Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of some (2-benzoxazolone-3-yl and 2-benzothiazolone-3-yl)acetic acid derivatives

Sixteen (2-benzothiazolone-3-yl and 2-benzoxazolone-3-yl) acetic acid derivatives 5 have been tested for anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity in this study, 4-[2-(6-Benzoyl-2-benzoxazolone-3-yl)acetyl]morpholine (5c), 4-¿2-[6-(2-chloro-benzoyl)-2-benzoxazolone-3-yl]acetyl¿morpholine (5d), 1-[2-(5-chloro-2-benzoxazolone-3-yl)acetyl]pyrrolidine (5f), methyl (6-methyl-2-benzoxazolone-3-yl)acetate (5k) and N,N-diethyl-2-(2-benzothiazolone-3-yl)acetamide (5m) have shown more potent anti-nociceptive activity than others. Among these compounds, 5c, 5d and 5m have exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity, with 5f, and to a lesser extent, the other molecules displaying some toxic potential.

Prevention of organophosphate-induced toxicity in mice

bis-Quaternary amines, which are acetal analogues of hemicholinium-3, were synthesized and several compounds were potent chemicals to antagonize toxicity induced by the organophosphate, paraoxon. Structural requirements were specific and included two oxygen atoms (bis-acetal substitution) within 6 or 7 atom heterocyclic rings, oxygen atoms spaced 2-carbon atoms from the quaternary nitrogen, and carbonyl substitutions adjacent to the spacing moieties, either bicyclohexyl or biphenyl. Biological testing showed a positive potency correlation between the chemicals when data from the following tests were compared: antagonism in mice of paraoxon-induced motor impairment using the incline screen and toxicity, and ability to induce contractions of guinea-pig isolated ilea. The compounds were compared with the often used protective antagonist of organophosphate-induced toxicity, pyridostigmine. One compound, MFS-3, was seven times more efficacious and possessed a much higher therapeutic index. Possible mechanisms of action for these chemicals are discussed.

Structure-activity studies on a potent antagonist to organophosphate-induced toxicity

Molecular modifications have been made on a highly potent, active antagonist to organophosphate-induced toxicity, 4,4'-bis[1,3-dioxan-2-ylmethyl)methylamino]acetyl]biphenyl dimethobromide (1). Stepwise removal of the oxygen atoms from the dioxane rings, as well as changing the position of attachment of substituents on the 1,3-dioxane rings and decreasing the ring size from six-membered to five-membered caused drastic or complete loss of pharmacological effect. Partial structures of 1 were all inactive. Thus, the structure of 1 seems to be remarkably specific. Additional pharmacological data are reported for 1.

Hemicholinium-3 congeners as potential antagonists to organophosphate-induced toxicity

A series of congeners of hemicholinium-3, in which the 1,4-oxazinium rings of hemicholinium are replaced by pyrrolidine, piperidine, 1,3-dioxane, or 1,4-oxazine rings, is described. Several of the target compounds produced blockade of neuromuscular transmission in the rabbit, and three heterocyclic derivatives, 10, 11, and 13, significantly antagonized paraoxon-induced lethality in mice. 1,3-Dioxane derivative 11 was an extremely potent antagonist of paraoxon-induced toxicity in mice, compared with prototypical protective agents physostigmine and pyridostigmine. Compound 11 exhibited a much more favorable therapeutic ratio than the reference drugs. The mechanism of action of 11 has not been elucidated, although it is concluded that it differs from that of hemicholinium-3 (inhibition of high-affinity, sodium-dependent uptake of choline into nerve terminals).