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Cedirian S, Bruni F, Quadrelli F, Caro G, Fortuna M, Rossi A, Piraccini BM, Starace M. Clinical study on the efficacy and tolerability of a topical regenerative treatment in patients with telogen effluvium and mild androgenetic alopecia. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:3347-3351. [PMID: 37415302 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Hair loss may change the quality of life since modern society considers hair an essential element in beauty definition. The most common causes of hair loss are androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and telogen effluvium (TE). AGA requires a lifetime use of minoxidil or finasteride (and sometimes they lose efficacy over the years), whereas TE has no standardized therapy available. Our study focuses on a novel topical regenerative preparation that, by mimicking autologous PRP, can safely and efficiently improve hair loss in patients affected by TE and AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cedirian
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Bruni
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - F Quadrelli
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Caro
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fortuna
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Clinical Internal, Anesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - B M Piraccini
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Starace
- Dermatology Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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2
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Fortuna M, Blanchard P, Čufar A, Vallar M, Weisen H, Žohar A, Snoj L. Evaluation of neutron dose rates at the TCV tokamak facility. Fusion Engineering and Design 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2023.113562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
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3
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Michelini S, Caro G, Di Fraia M, Fortuna M, Magri F, Gomes VV, Grieco T, Carlesimo M, Rossi A, Pellacani G. Telogen effluvium in SARS-CoV-2 infection: Histological aspects. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023. [PMID: 36883793 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.19015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Michelini
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Caro
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Di Fraia
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Fortuna
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - F Magri
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - V V Gomes
- Pathology Unit, Ospedale San Filippo Neri, Rome, Italy
| | - T Grieco
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - M Carlesimo
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - A Rossi
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - G Pellacani
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Internal, Anesthesiological and Cardiovascular Clinical Sciences, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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4
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Cozza G, Fortuna M, Meggio F, Sarno S, Kubbutat MHG, Totzke F, Schaechtele C, Pinna LA, Olsufyeva EN, Preobrazhenskaya MN. Hydrophobic Derivatives of Glycopeptide Antibiotics as Inhibitors of Protein Kinases. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2018; 83:1222-1230. [PMID: 30472959 PMCID: PMC7088347 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918100073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
As key regulators of cell signaling, protein kinases (PKs) are attractive targets for therapeutic intervention in a variety of diseases. Herein, we report for the first time the inhibitory activity of polycyclic peptides, particularly, derivatives of glycopeptide antibiotics teicoplanin and eremomycin, against a panel of 12 recombinant human protein kinases and two protein kinases (CK1 and CK2) isolated from rat liver. Several of the investigated compounds inhibited various PKs with IC50 values below 10 μM and caused >90% suppression of the enzyme activity at 10 µM concentration. Kinetic analysis of the protein kinase CK2α inhibition by the teicoplanin aglycon analogue (7) demonstrated the non-competitive mechanism of inhibition (with regard to ATP). Interestingly, the inhibitory activity of some investigated compounds correlated with the earlier described antiviral activity against HIV, HCV, and other corona- and flaviviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Cozza
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - M Fortuna
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - F Meggio
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - S Sarno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | | | - F Totzke
- ProQinase GmbH, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | | | - L A Pinna
- Center for Neuroscience Research Neuroscience Institute, Padova, 35131, Italy
| | - E N Olsufyeva
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, 119021, Russia.
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5
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Rossi A, Miraglia E, Fortuna M, Calvieri S, Giustini S. Topical cetirizine and oral vitamin D: a valid treatment for hypotrichosis caused by ectodermal dysplasia. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2017; 31:367-370. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.13864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Rossi
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; “Sapienza” University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - E. Miraglia
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; “Sapienza” University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - M.C. Fortuna
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; “Sapienza” University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - S. Calvieri
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; “Sapienza” University of Rome; Rome Italy
| | - S. Giustini
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology; “Sapienza” University of Rome; Rome Italy
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6
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Fortuna M, Kovačevič M, Eberl A, Sonc M, Tavčar P, Virant I, Rožman S. PS-005 Effectiveness and toxicity of hyperthermic isolated limb perfusion with antitumor drugs in treatment of in-transit metastases of melanoma and sarcoma. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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7
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Fortuna M, Hazdovac T, Sonc M, Tavcar P, Virant I, Kovacevic M, Rozman S, Eberl A. PS-010 Screening of electronically prescribed cytostatic drug protocols for medication errors. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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8
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Rossi A, Iorio A, Scarnò M, Fortuna M, Priolo L, Di Nunno D, Carlesimo M, Calvieri S, Mari E. Use of Topical Minoxidil, 17α-Estradiol and Hydrocortisone Butyrate in Frontal Fibrosing Alopecia. EUR J INFLAMM 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x1401200219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A valid approach to treating frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA), a scarring alopecia, does not yet exist. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of a topical application composed of minoxidil, hydrocortisone butyrate, 17α-estradiol, ciclosilicone pentamer, and alcohol in women affected by FFA. Forty women affected by FFA were treated with 2 ml of a topical lotion composed of 2% minoxidil base, 0.08% hydrocortisone butyrate, 0.05% 17α-estradiol, 16% ciclosilicone pentamer, 96° alcohol, applied once a day on the scalp. A score index, based on the comparison of the photos, taken at the beginning (T0) and after 36 months (T36), was used. The topical lotion led to an improvement in 20 patients, stabilization in 15 patients and worsening of the clinical condition in 5 women. This topical lotion induces a considerable improvement or stabilization of frontal fibrosing alopecia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Rossi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy
| | - A. Iorio
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy
| | - M. Scarnò
- CASPUR (Inter-University Consortium for Supercomputing), Rome, Italy
| | - M.C. Fortuna
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy
| | - L. Priolo
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy
| | - D. Di Nunno
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy
| | - M. Carlesimo
- Dermatology Sant'Andrea Hospital, University of Rome “Sapienzd”, II School, Italy
| | - S. Calvieri
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy
| | - E. Mari
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialities, University of Rome “Sapienza”, Italy
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9
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Turbay S, Piro OE, Echeverría GA, Navarro A, Fernández-Liencres MP, Fortuna M, Tuttolomondo ME. Theoretical and experimental study of a novel psolaren derivate: (E)-9-(3,4-dimethylpent-2-enyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 123:71-77. [PMID: 24389002 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new psolaren derivate, (E)-9-(3,4-dimethylpent-2-enyloxy)-7H-furo[3,2-g]chromen-7-one, has been isolated and characterized by experimental and theoretical methodologies. The solid state molecular structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods. The substance crystallizes in the monoclinic P21/c space group with a=4.2389(5), b=26.090(3), c=12.482(1)Å, β=96.990(9)°, and Z=4 molecules per unit cell. The crystal structure shows the molecule fused phenyl and hetero-cycle rings to be coplanar with each other. Ab initio(MP2) and DFT methods have been used to predict the molecular structure in the isolated molecule approximation and the results compared with the experimental data. The MP2/6-311G(d,p) calculations are in good agreement with the X-ray results. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energy gap shows that the intra-molecular charge transfer could easily occur, a prediction closely related to the observed bioactivity of this new compound. In addition, the infrared absorption and Raman dispersion spectra were recorded and an assignment of the observed spectral features to molecular vibrations was made. The vibrational study was assisted by quantum chemistry calculations at the MP2 and DFT level, which provided theoretical mode frequencies. The study was completed by natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Turbay
- Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Dpto. de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Av. N. Kirchner 1900, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - O E Piro
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata e IFLP (CONICET, CCT-La Plata), C.C. 67, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - G A Echeverría
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata e IFLP (CONICET, CCT-La Plata), C.C. 67, 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - A Navarro
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - M P Fernández-Liencres
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - M Fortuna
- Cátedra de Química Orgánica, Dpto. de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Agronomía y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, Av. N. Kirchner 1900, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina.
| | - M E Tuttolomondo
- Instituto de Química Física, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Lorenzo 456, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina.
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Abstract
Staining protocols generally designed for the flow cytometric analysis of the cell cycle in mammalian cells are frequently not satisfactory for quantification of the various cell-cycle phases in yeasts. High CVs limit the accuracy of DNA content measurement and estimates of populations in cell-cycle compartments. This unit describes a staining procedure for yeasts using the sensitive nucleic acid stain SYBR Green I, which binds to double-stranded DNA with high selectivity and which has a much higher fluorescence quantum yield upon binding than most other commonly used fluorophores. The properties of this dye combined with optimized sample processing provide high-resolution DNA analysis, with half-peak CVs around 3 to 4% and clear-cut identification of the S phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fortuna
- Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal
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11
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Giacometti A, Cerioni O, Fortuna M, Caselli F, D'Errico M, Drenaggi D, Scalise G. [Prevalence of Toxocara spp in public playgrounds in a town of Central Italy]. Infez Med 2003; 7:163-167. [PMID: 12736552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the prevalence of Toxocara spp. was evaluated in the soil of 22 public playgrounds of Ancona (Italy). The public playgrounds were selected according to the different areal distribution (centre, low-lying areas centre, hilly areas suburbs) within the urban area of Ancona, central Italy. In six playgrounds there were signs restricting access for dogs; all of them were frequented by children. Parasites were found in the soil samples from 21 out of 22 playgrounds (95.5%). The most prevalent helminth found was Toxocara canis, the common roundworm of dogs. It was detected in the soil samples from 12 (54.5%) playgrounds. This study showed a low frequency of the other parasites. Our data highlight the need for improved knowledge of the relationship between humans and stray animals. Indeed several zooparasites have a role in the etiopathogenesis of common human diseases. The high environmental contamination frequency found underlines the necessity of prompt preventive public health measures, such as control of stray animals, treatment of infected pets and hygiene education of the population to increase awareness of potential zoonotic hazards.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giacometti
- Clinica delle Malattie Infettive e Cattedra di Igiene e Medicina Preventiva, Universita degli Studi di Ancona, Italy
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12
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Fortuna M, Drenaggi D, Veccia S, D'Errico M, Scalise G. [Giardiasis: a parasitic disease of continued topicality. Study of prevalence among a selected adult population]. Infez Med 2003; 8:82-86. [PMID: 12709600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
We studied the prevalence of Giardia intestinalis in five patients risk groups including institutionalised psychiatric of elderly subjects, HIV-positive immunocompromised patients, immigrants from developing countries and travellers to tropical countries. Stool specimens of 1319 subjects were studied. Stools were collected in triplicate from each subject. The presence of bacteria, viruses and parasites was evaluated. A direct smear examination from fresh faecal specimens and after concentration with formalin-ethylacetate was performed for parasite examination. Smears were also stained by a modified acid fast method and then examined for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and other coccidia. Cryptosporidium parvum and G. intestinalis were also detected by immunofluorescent assay. Contemporaneously a microbiological investigation was performed with standard culture, biochemical techniques and viral detection. Clinical data about each subject were provided by standardised questionnaires. G. intestinalis was detected in the stools of 41 subjects (3.5%). The immigrants (5.5%), the institutionalised psychiatric patients (5.0%) and HIV immunocompromised patients (4.6%) showed the highest prevalence. By contrast, travellers showed the lowest prevalence (2.5%). G. intestinalis was the pathogen most frequently detected. The cohorts with the presence of more risk factors showed the highest prevalence. The low prevalence of the parasite among travellers demonstrated the significance of health education before travelling and of the most important role of bacterial etiopathogenesis in "traveller's diarrhoea". Epidemiologically, G. intestinalis remains a protozoon of evident importance and is significantly present in Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Giacometti
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive e Medicina Pubblica, Universita degli Studi di Ancona, Italy
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13
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Zega A, Trampus-Bakija A, Fortuna M, Stegnar M, Tschopp TB, Steiner B, Urleb U. Novel thrombin inhibitors with azaphenylalanine scaffold. Pharmazie 2001; 56:683-5. [PMID: 11593985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
In this paper the synthesis and antithrombotic activity of a series of novel thrombin inhibitors with azaphenylalanine scaffold are described. By systematic structural modifications for this series we have identified optimal groups for achieving nanomolar potency, that led to potent inhibitors of thrombin with Ki values up to 11 nM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zega
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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14
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Fortuna M, Osimani P, Antonicelli L, Del Prete MS, Riva A, D'Errico MM, Petrelli E, Scalise G. Environmental and serological evidence for the presence of toxocariasis in the urban area of Ancona, Italy. Eur J Epidemiol 2001; 16:1023-6. [PMID: 11421470 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010853124085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the Toxocara spp. eggs environmental contamination of the soil of the urban or suburban area Ancona (Italy), 22 public playgrounds were selected and several cores of soil were taken from any selected areas. To study the Toxocara seroprevalence in the inhabitants of Ancona, blood samples were collected from selected groups of individuals. One hundred and sixty-three blood samples were tested using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique (Lofarma Lab, Milan, Italy) for the detection of IgG-specific antibodies to T. canis excretory-secretory antigens. Toxocara spp. eggs were found in the soil samples from 14 (63.6%) playgrounds. Toxocara seroprevalence was detected in blood specimens from six (8.1%) out of 74 symptomatic individuals and from one (1.1%) out of 89 asymptomatic controls. Among symptomatic individuals, the association between Toxocara seroprevalence and eosinophilia resulted statistically significant (p = 0.029). The high environmental contamination frequency found make necessary to prompt preventive public health measures, such as control of stray animals, treatment of infected pets and hygiene education of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giacometti
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Italy
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15
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Barchiesi F, Schimizzi AM, Caselli F, Novelli A, Fallani S, Giannini D, Arzeni D, Di Cesare S, Di Francesco LF, Fortuna M, Giacometti A, Carle F, Mazzei T, Scalise G. Interactions between triazoles and amphotericin B against Cryptococcus neoformans. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:2435-41. [PMID: 10952592 PMCID: PMC90082 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.9.2435-2441.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The interaction of amphotericin B (AmB) and azole antifungal agents in the treatment of fungal infections is still a controversial issue. A checkerboard titration broth microdilution-based method that adhered to the recommendations of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards was applied to study the in vitro interactions of AmB with fluconazole (FLC), itraconazole (ITC), and the new investigational triazole SCH 56592 (SCH) against 15 clinical isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans. Synergy, defined as a fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of < or =0.50, was observed for 7% of the isolates in studies of the interactions of both FLC-AmB and ITC-AmB and for 33% of the isolates in studies of the SCH-AmB interactions; additivism (FICs, >0.50 to 1.0) was observed for 67, 73, and 53% of the isolates in studies of the FLC-AmB, ITC-AmB, and SCH-AmB interactions, respectively; indifference (FICs, >1.0 to < or =2.0) was observed for 26, 20, and 14% of the isolates in studies of the FLC-AmB, ITC-AmB, and SCH-AmB interactions, respectively. Antagonism (FIC >2.0) was not observed. When synergy was not achieved, there was still a decrease, although not as dramatic, in the MIC of one or both drugs when they were used in combination. To investigate the effects of FLC-AmB combination therapy in vivo, we established an experimental model of systemic cryptococcosis in BALB/c mice by intravenous injection of cells of C. neoformans 2337, a clinical isolate belonging to serotype D against which the combination of FLC and AmB yielded an additive interaction in vitro. Both survival and tissue burden studies showed that combination therapy was more effective than FLC alone and that combination therapy was at least as effective as AmB given as a single drug. On the other hand, when cells of C. neoformans 2337 were grown in FLC-containing medium, a pronounced increase in resistance to subsequent exposures to AmB was observed. In particular, killing experiments conducted with nonreplicating cells showed that preexposure to FLC abolished the fungicidal activity of the polyene. However, this apparent antagonism was not observed in vivo. Rather, when the two drugs were used sequentially for the treatment of systemic murine cryptococcosis, a reciprocal potentiation was often observed. Our study shows that (i) the combination of triazoles and AmB is significantly more active than either drug alone against C. neoformans in vitro and (ii) the concomitant or sequential use of FLC and AmB for the treatment of systemic murine cryptococcosis results in a positive interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Barchiesi
- Istituto di Malattie Infettive e Medicina Pubblica, Italy.
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16
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Barchiesi F, Del Prete MS, Fortuna M, Caselli F, Scalise G. In vitro susceptibility tests for cationic peptides: comparison of broth microdilution methods for bacteria that grow aerobically. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:1694-6. [PMID: 10817731 PMCID: PMC89935 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.6.1694-1696.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro susceptibilities of 90 clinical isolates of gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic bacteria to six cationic peptides, buforin II, cecropin P1, indolicidin, magainin II, nisin, and ranalexin, were evaluated by two broth microdilution methods. The first method was performed according to the procedures outlined by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards for bacteria that grow aerobically, while the second was performed according to the procedures recently proposed by the R. E. W. Hancock laboratory for testing antimicrobial peptides. Overall, the first method produced MICs two- and fourfold higher than the second method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giacometti
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Italy.
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Del Prete MS, Barchiesi F, Fortuna M, Drenaggi D, Scalise G. In vitro activities of membrane-active peptides alone and in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2000; 44:1716-9. [PMID: 10817738 PMCID: PMC89942 DOI: 10.1128/aac.44.6.1716-1719.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro activities of buforin II, cecropin P1, and magainin II, alone and in combination with six clinically used antimicrobial agents, against 12 clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia were investigated. Antimicrobial activities were measured by MIC and time-kill studies. The isolates were susceptible to the peptides at concentrations in the range of 0.50 to 16 microg/ml. Synergy was observed when the peptides were combined with polymyxin E, meropenem, ceftazidime, piperacillin, and clarithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giacometti
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
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18
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Barchiesi F, Fortuna M, Scalise G. In-vitro activity of cationic peptides alone and in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999; 44:641-5. [PMID: 10552980 DOI: 10.1093/jac/44.5.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The in-vitro activity of cecropin P1, indolicidin, magainin II, nisin and ranalexin alone and in combination with nine clinically used antimicrobial agents was investigated against a control strain, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and 40 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa. Antimicrobial activities were measured by MIC, MBC and viable count. In the combination study, the clinically used antibiotics were used at concentrations close to their mean serum level in humans in order to establish the clinical relevance of the results. To select peptide-resistant mutants, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853 was treated with consecutive cycles of exposure to each peptide at 1 x MIC. The peptides had a varied range of inhibitory values: all isolates were more susceptible to cecropin P1, while ranalexin showed the lowest activity. Nevertheless, synergy was observed when the peptides were combined with polymyxin E and clarithromycin. Consecutive exposures to each peptide at 1 x MIC resulted in the selection of stable resistant mutants. Cationic peptides might be valuable as new antimicrobial agents. Our findings show that they are effective against P. aeruginosa, and that their activity is enhanced when they are combined with clinically used antimicrobial agents, particularly with polymyxin E and clarithromycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giacometti
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Italy.
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19
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Cirioni O, Giacometti A, Barchiesi F, Fortuna M, Scalise G. In-vitro activity of rifabutin and albendazole singly and in combination with other clinically used antimicrobial agents against Pneumocystis carinii. J Antimicrob Chemother 1999; 44:653-9. [PMID: 10552982 DOI: 10.1093/jac/44.5.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The in-vitro activity of rifabutin and albendazole alone and in combination with clarithromycin, etoposide, minocycline and pyrimethamine was investigated against four clinical isolates of Pneumocystis carinii. The susceptibility tests were performed by inoculation of the isolates on to cell monolayers and by determining the parasite count after 72 h incubation at 37 degrees C. The culture medium was supplemented with serial dilutions of each agent. Albendazole tested alone was more active than rifabutin. Albendazole suppressed the growth of cysts and trophozoites by >50% at 4 mg/L. Rifabutin, at the same concentration, produced about 40% reduction in the mean cyst and trophozoite counts. Albendazole (4 mg/L) combined with etoposide 4 mg/L showed the highest anti-P. carinii activity, with a decrease of 86.3% and 90.1% in cyst and trophozoite counts, respectively. The greatest synergic interaction was detected when rifabutin (4 mg/L) was combined with clarithromycin (4 mg/L). Our study suggests that clinically used antimicrobial agents may be effective in inhibiting P. carinii growth in vitro and that, above all, some of these agents possess a positive interaction upon combination with other clinically used compounds. These findings may be useful in the establishment of a prophylaxis regimen for multiple opportunistic pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Cirioni
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Italy.
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20
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Barchiesi F, Fortuna M, Scalise G. In vitro anticryptosporidial activity of ranalexin alone and in combination with other peptides and with hydrophobic antibiotics. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1999; 18:827-9. [PMID: 10614961 DOI: 10.1007/s100960050410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The in vitro activity of ranalexin alone and in combination with other cationic peptides, macrolides, rifampin, and rifabutin was investigated against a clinical isolate of Cryptosporidium parvum. Susceptibility tests were performed by inoculation of the isolate onto cell monolayers and determining the parasite count after 48 h of incubation at 37 degrees C. Antibiotic-free cultures were used as controls in the study. Ranalexin showed low anticryptosporidial activity: it suppressed the growth of parasites by > or = 40% at 50 microM. Ranalexin showed enhanced activity when it was combined with noninhibitory concentrations of other compounds: a 74.4-94.1% reduction in the number of parasites was observed when ranalexin 50 microM was combined with magainin II 50 microM, indolicidin 50 microM, clarithromycin 8 mg/l, azithromycin 8 mg/l, rifampin 8 mg/l, and rifabutin 8 mg/l. The results suggest that ranalexin may be effective in inhibiting Cryptosporidium parvum growth in vitro upon combination with other peptides and hydrophobic antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giacometti
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Italy.
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21
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Ancarani F, Del Prete MS, Fortuna M, Scalise G. In vitro activities of polycationic peptides alone and in combination with clinically used antimicrobial agents against Rhodococcus equi. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43:2093-6. [PMID: 10428947 PMCID: PMC89425 DOI: 10.1128/aac.43.8.2093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro activities of magainin II, nisin, and ranalexin alone and in combination with other antimicrobial agents against six clinical isolates of Rhodococcus equi were investigated by MIC and time-kill studies. All isolates were more susceptible to nisin. A positive interaction was observed when the peptides were combined with ampicillin, ceftriaxone, rifabutin, rifampin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giacometti
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
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Abstract
Cryptophycin 1 is a natural product that was initially isolated from blue-green algae which has shown potent broad spectrum antitumor activity in preclinical in vitro and in vivo models. The drug strongly binds to tubulin and disrupts microtubule assembly for more than 24 hours after its removal. We evaluated cell survival, intracellular levels and inhibition of macromolecular synthesis in L1210 cells following exposure to cryptophycin 1 in vitro. Cell survival was strongly inhibited following drug exposure for either 1 or 4 hours. Intracellular drug levels were minimally affected by temperature (4 degrees C versus 37 degrees C) or exposure times up to 1 hour. However, extracellular drug concentration in culture media and increasing cell numbers did affect the concentration of intracellular drug levels in a nearly proportional manner. The synthesis of DNA and RNA was inhibited less than 5%, while protein synthesis inhibition was near 30%. Thus, none of the macromolecules were inhibited enough to explain the inhibition of tumor cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Foster
- Department of Internal Medicine, Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Fiorentini A, Fortuna M, Scalise G. Irritable bowel syndrome in patients with Blastocystis hominis infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 1999; 18:436-9. [PMID: 10442423 DOI: 10.1007/s100960050314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of Blastocystis hominis in stool specimens of individuals with gastrointestinal symptoms was evaluated to study a possible link between the protozoan and the irritable bowel syndrome. According to the Rome diagnostic criteria, 388 patients were evaluated. Altogether, 81 patients were classified as affected by irritable bowel syndrome. Blastocystis hominis was recovered from the stools of 38 subjects, 15 of whom belonged to the group with irritable bowel syndrome (P = 0.006). In addition, patients with irritable bowel syndrome were significantly more likely to have five or more Blastocystis hominis organisms per field (P = 0.031). In conclusion, there was a set of patients with irritable bowel syndrome in whom the presence of Blastocystis hominis may not be incidental.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Giacometti
- Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, AN, Italy.
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Giacometti A, Cirioni O, Drenaggi D, Compagnucci P, Quarta M, Fortuna M, Scalise G. Strongyloides stercoralis infection: unknown transmission or late recrudescence? J Infect 1998; 37:306-7. [PMID: 9892542 DOI: 10.1016/s0163-4453(98)92417-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pretnar J, Cernelc P, Mlakar U, Fortuna M. Unexplained effusions: association with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation and acute or chronic graft-versus-host disease. Bone Marrow Transplant 1996; 18:826. [PMID: 8899209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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26
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Caraffa A, Cerulli G, Rizzo A, Buompadre V, Appoggetti S, Fortuna M. An arthroscopic and electromyographic study of painful shoulders in elite gymnasts. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 1996; 4:39-42. [PMID: 8819062 DOI: 10.1007/bf01565996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Shoulder problems are common in overhead sports like baseball, basketball and volleyball. Although gymnastics also includes overhead activities, there are few reports about shoulder problems in this sports activity. During the time period 1992-1995 we treated five young competitive gymnasts for shoulder pain. Arthroscopy revealed that they were all suffering from SLAP lesions or other labral pathology, although they had never dislocated their shoulders. These injuries have not been described earlier in connection with gymnastics. In a survey of 13 gymnasts in an elite club, we found that six (46%) complained about shoulder pain. Since four of these athletes explained that their shoulder pain started acutely during ring exercises in suspension while one suffered a slower onset with pain also during parallel bar exercises, we undertook an electromyographic study of the shoulder musculature of three normal elite gymnasts during exercises on the parallel bars and rings. We found that during the ring exercises in suspension there was a "critical phase" during which the muscle activity around the shoulder was very low, leading to great articular stresses. This might explain the occurrence of labral lesions like the SLAP lesions in this type of athlete. If shoulder pain in elite gymnasts does not respond to rest and physical therapy over 2-3 months, a shoulder arthroscopy should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Caraffa
- Orthopaedic Clinic R. S. Maria Hospital, University of Perugia, Terni, Italy
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Affiliation(s)
- O Amaral
- Department of Enzymology, Instituto de Genética Médica Jacinto de Magalhäes Praça Pedro Nunes, Oporto, Portugal
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Debeljak A, Skralovnik-Stern A, Sorli J, Fortuna M, Mermolja M, Rus A. [Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in sarcoidosis]. Plucne Bolesti 1985; 37:211-6. [PMID: 3836426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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29
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Fortuna M. [Aspirin as a bronchodilator]. Plucne Bolesti 1985; 37:221-4. [PMID: 3836428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Fortuna M, Ferluga D, Hrabar B. [Intrathoracic neurofibroma of the vagus nerve (author's transl)]. Plucne Bolesti Tuberk 1977; 29:252-5. [PMID: 416451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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31
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Fortuna M, Stangl B, Bizjak M. [Volume of isoflow--(new test for the detection of obstruction of small airways) (author's transl)]. Plucne Bolesti Tuberk 1977; 29:81-6. [PMID: 905450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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