1
|
de Souza M, Baptista AAS, Menck-Costa MF, Justino L, da Glória EM, Shimizu GD, Ferraz CR, Verri WA, Van Immerseel F, Bracarense APFRL. Modulation of Broiler Intestinal Changes Induced by Clostridium perfringens and Deoxynivalenol through Probiotic, Paraprobiotic, and Postbiotic Supplementation. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:46. [PMID: 38251262 PMCID: PMC10820081 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a predisposing factor for necrotic enteritis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a DON and Clostridium perfringens (CP) challenge on the intestinal morphology, morphometry, oxidative stress, and immune response of broilers. Additionally, we evaluated the potential of a Lactobacillus spp. mixture as an approach to mitigate the damage induced by the challenge. One-day-old broiler chickens (n = 252) were divided into seven treatment groups: Control, DON, CP, CP + DON, VL (DON + CP + viable Lactobacillus spp. mixture), HIL (DON + CP + heat-inactivated Lactobacillus spp. mixture), and LCS (DON + CP + Lactobacillus spp. mixture culture supernatant). Macroscopic evaluation of the intestines revealed that the CP + DON group exhibited the highest lesion score, while the VL and HIL groups showed the lowest scores. Microscopically, all Lactobacillus spp. treatments mitigated the morphological changes induced by the challenge. DON increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the jejunum, and CP increased ROS levels in the jejunum and ileum. Notably, the Lactobacillus spp. treatments did not improve the antioxidant defense against CP-induced oxidative stress. In summary, a Lactobacillus spp. mixture, whether used as a probiotic, paraprobiotic, or postbiotic, exerted a partially protective effect in mitigating most of the intestinal damage induced by DON and CP challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marielen de Souza
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology (LAP), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine (LAM), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (M.F.M.-C.); (L.J.)
- Livestock Gut Health Team (LiGHT), Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | - Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine (LAM), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (M.F.M.-C.); (L.J.)
| | - Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine (LAM), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (M.F.M.-C.); (L.J.)
| | - Larissa Justino
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine (LAM), Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (M.F.M.-C.); (L.J.)
| | - Eduardo Micotti da Glória
- Biological Science Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba 13418-900, Brazil;
| | - Gabriel Danilo Shimizu
- Department of Statistics, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil;
| | - Camila Rodrigues Ferraz
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (W.A.V.)
| | - Waldiceu A. Verri
- Laboratory of Pain, Inflammation, Neuropathy and Cancer, Department of General Pathology, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (C.R.F.); (W.A.V.)
| | - Filip Van Immerseel
- Livestock Gut Health Team (LiGHT), Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium;
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Menck-Costa MF, Baptista AAS, Sanches MS, dos Santos BQ, Cicero CE, Kitagawa HY, Justino L, Medeiros LP, de Souza M, Rocha SPD, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT. Resistance and Virulence Surveillance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Commercial Meat Samples: A One Health Approach. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2712. [PMID: 38004724 PMCID: PMC10672981 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a key indicator of food hygiene, and its monitoring in meat samples points to the potential presence of antimicrobial-resistant strains capable of causing infections in humans, encompassing resistance profiles categorized as serious threats by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), such as Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-a problem with consequences for animal, human, and environmental health. The objective of the present work was to isolate and characterize ESBL-producing E. coli strains from poultry, pork, and beef meat samples, with a characterization of their virulence and antimicrobial resistance profiles. A total of 450 meat samples (150 chicken, 150 beef, and 150 pork) were obtained from supermarkets and subsequently cultured in medium supplemented with cefotaxime. The isolated colonies were characterized biochemically, followed by antibiogram testing using the disk diffusion technique. Further classification involved biofilm formation and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (blaCTX-M, AmpC-type, mcr-1, and fosA3), and virulence genes (eaeA, st, bfpA, lt, stx1, stx2, aggR, iss, ompT, hlyF, iutA, iroN, fyuA, cvaC, and hylA). Statistical analysis was performed via the likelihood-ratio test. In total, 168 strains were obtained, with 73% originating from chicken, 22% from pork, and 17% from beef samples. Notably, strains exhibited greater resistance to tetracycline (51%), ciprofloxacin (46%), and fosfomycin (38%), apart from β-lactams. The detection of antimicrobial resistance in food-isolated strains is noteworthy, underscoring the significance of antimicrobial resistance as a global concern. More than 90% of the strains were biofilm producers, and strains carrying many ExPEC genes were more likely to be biofilm formers (OR 2.42), which increases the problem since the microorganisms have a greater chance of environment persistence and genetic exchange. Regarding molecular characterization, bovine samples showed a higher prevalence of blaCTX-M-1 (OR 6.52), while chicken strains were more likely to carry the fosA3 gene (OR 2.43, CI 1.17-5.05) and presented between 6 to 8 ExPEC genes (OR 2.5, CI 1.33-5.01) compared to other meat samples. Concerning diarrheagenic E. coli genes, two strains harbored eae. It is important to highlight these strains, as they exhibited both biofilm-forming capacities and multidrug resistance (MDR), potentially enabling colonization in diverse environments and causing infections. In conclusion, this study underscores the presence of β-lactamase-producing E. coli strains, mainly in poultry samples, compared to beef and pork samples. Furthermore, all meat sample strains exhibited many virulence-associated extraintestinal genes, with some strains harboring diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.M.-C.); (M.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (L.P.M.); (S.P.D.R.); (G.N.)
| | - Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (B.Q.d.S.); (C.E.C.); (L.J.); (M.d.S.)
| | - Matheus Silva Sanches
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.M.-C.); (M.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (L.P.M.); (S.P.D.R.); (G.N.)
| | - Beatriz Queiroz dos Santos
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (B.Q.d.S.); (C.E.C.); (L.J.); (M.d.S.)
| | - Claudinéia Emidio Cicero
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (B.Q.d.S.); (C.E.C.); (L.J.); (M.d.S.)
| | - Hellen Yukari Kitagawa
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.M.-C.); (M.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (L.P.M.); (S.P.D.R.); (G.N.)
| | - Larissa Justino
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (B.Q.d.S.); (C.E.C.); (L.J.); (M.d.S.)
| | - Leonardo Pinto Medeiros
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.M.-C.); (M.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (L.P.M.); (S.P.D.R.); (G.N.)
| | - Marielen de Souza
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Center for Agricultural Sciences (CCA), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (A.A.S.B.); (B.Q.d.S.); (C.E.C.); (L.J.); (M.d.S.)
| | - Sergio Paulo Dejato Rocha
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.M.-C.); (M.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (L.P.M.); (S.P.D.R.); (G.N.)
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.M.-C.); (M.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (L.P.M.); (S.P.D.R.); (G.N.)
| | - Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Biological Science (CCB), State University of Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86057-970, Brazil; (M.F.M.-C.); (M.S.S.); (H.Y.K.); (L.P.M.); (S.P.D.R.); (G.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sanches MS, Silva LC, da Silva CR, Montini VH, de Oliva BHD, Guidone GHM, Nogueira MCL, Menck-Costa MF, Kobayashi RKT, Vespero EC, Rocha SPD. Prevalence of Antimicrobial Resistance and Clonal Relationship in ESBL/AmpC-Producing Proteus mirabilis Isolated from Meat Products and Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infection (UTI-CA) in Southern Brazil. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:antibiotics12020370. [PMID: 36830280 PMCID: PMC9952622 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance and clonal relationships in Proteus mirabilis isolated from chicken meat, beef, pork, and community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI-CA). Chicken meat isolates showed the highest multidrug resistance (MDR), followed by those from pork and UTI-CA, whereas beef had relatively few MDR strains. All sources had strains that carried blaCTX-M-65, whereas blaCTX-M-2 and blaCMY-2 were only detected in chicken meat and UTI-CA isolates. This indicates that chicken meat should be considered an important risk factor for the spread of P. mirabilis carrying ESBL and AmpC. Furthermore, ESBL/AmpC producing strains were resistant to a greater number of antimicrobials and possessed more resistance genes than non-producing strains. In addition, the antimicrobial resistance genes qnrD, aac(6')-Ib-cr, sul1, sul2, fosA3, cmlA, and floR were also found. Molecular typing showed a genetic similarity between chicken meat and UTI-CA isolates, including some strains with 100% similarity, indicating that chicken can be a source of P. mirabilis causing UTI-CA. It was concluded that meat, especially chicken meat, can be an important source of dissemination of multidrug-resistant P. mirabilis in the community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silva Sanches
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Luana Carvalho Silva
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Caroline Rodrigues da Silva
- Microorganism Research Center, Health Sciences Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical School of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto P.O. Box 15.090, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Montini
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Bruno Henrique Dias de Oliva
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Henrique Migliorini Guidone
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Mara Corrêa Lelles Nogueira
- Microorganism Research Center, Health Sciences Center, Department of Dermatological, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical School of São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto P.O. Box 15.090, Brazil
| | - Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Eliana Carolina Vespero
- Department of Pathology, Health Sciences Center, Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, University Hospital of Londrina, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
| | - Sergio Paulo Dejato Rocha
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Center of Biological Sciences, Department of Microbiology, State University of Londrina, Londrina P.O. Box 10.011, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-43-3371-4494
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Menck-Costa MF, Baptista AAS, Gazal LEDS, Justino L, Sanches MS, de Souza M, Nishio EK, Queiroz Dos Santos B, Cruz VD, Berbert JVM, Gonçalves BC, Andrade G, Vespero EC, Nakazato G, Kobayashi RKT. High-Frequency Detection of fosA3 and bla CTX-M-55 Genes in Escherichia coli From Longitudinal Monitoring in Broiler Chicken Farms. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:846116. [PMID: 35663865 PMCID: PMC9158547 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.846116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering the worrying emergence of multidrug resistance, including in animal husbandry and especially in food-producing animals, the need to detect antimicrobial resistance strains in poultry environments is relevant, mainly considering a One Health approach. Thus, this study aimed to conduct longitudinal monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in broiler chicken farms, with an emphasis on evaluating the frequency of resistance to fosfomycin and β-lactams. Escherichia coli was isolated from broiler chicken farms (cloacal swabs, meconium, poultry feed, water, poultry litter, and Alphitobius diaperinus) in northern Paraná from 2019 to 2020 during three periods: the first period (1st days of life), the second period (20th to 25th days of life), and third period (40th to 42nd days of life). Antibiogram tests and the detection of phenotypic extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) were performed, and they were confirmed by seaching for genes from the blaCTX–M group. The other resistance genes searched were mcr-1 and fosA3. Some ESBL blaCTX–M–1 group strains were selected for ESBL identification by sequencing and enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction analysis. To determine the transferability of the blaCTX–M–1– and fosA3-carrying plasmids, strains were subjected to conjugation experiments. A total of 507 E. coli were analyzed: 360 from cloacal swabs, 24 from meconium samples, 3 from poultry feed samples, 18 from water samples, 69 from poultry litter samples, and 33 from A. diaperinus samples. Among the strain isolate, 80% (406/507) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), and 51% (260/507) were ESBL-positive, with the blaCTX–M–1 group being the most frequent. For the fosA3 gene, 68% (344/507) of the strains isolated were positive, deserves to be highlighted E. coli isolated from day-old chickens (OR 6.34, CI 2.34–17.17), when compared with strains isolated from other origins (poultry litter, A. diaperinus, water, and poultry feed). This work alerts us to the high frequency of the fosA3 gene correlated with the CTX-M-1 group (OR 3.57, CI 95% 2.7–4.72, p < 0.05), especially the blaCTX–M–55 gene, in broiler chickens. This profile was observed mainly in day-old chicken, with a high percentage of E. coli that were MDR. The findings emphasize the importance of conducting longitudinal monitoring to detect the primary risk points during poultry production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Justino
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Matheus Silva Sanches
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marielen de Souza
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Erick Kenji Nishio
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Queiroz Dos Santos
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Victor Dellevedove Cruz
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - João Vitor Monteiro Berbert
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Avian Medicine Laboratory, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Bruna Carolina Gonçalves
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Galdino Andrade
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Eliana Carolina Vespero
- Department of Pathology, Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Health Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Gerson Nakazato
- Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Center, State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sanches MS, Baptista AAS, de Souza M, Menck-Costa MF, Koga VL, Kobayashi RKT, Rocha SPD. Genotypic and phenotypic profiles of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of Proteus mirabilis isolated from chicken carcasses: potential zoonotic risk. Braz J Microbiol 2019; 50:685-694. [PMID: 31049879 PMCID: PMC6863274 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-019-00086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen often associated with a variety of human infections acquired both in the community and in hospitals. In this context, the present work aimed to evaluate the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance determinants of 32 P. mirabilis strains isolated from chicken carcasses in a poultry slaughterhouse in the north of the state of Paraná, Brazil, in order to assess a potential zoonotic risk. The isolates presented a variety of virulence genes that contribute to the development of infection in humans. The mrpA, pmfA, atfA (fimbriae), ireA (siderophores receptor), zapA, ptA (Proteases), and hpmA (hemolysin) genes were found in 32 (100%) isolates and ucaA (fimbriae) in 16 (50%). All isolates showed aggregative adherence in HEp-2 cells and formed biofilms. Of all strains, 27 (84.38%) showed cytotoxic effects in Vero cells. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested using 20 antimicrobials, in which 25 (78.13%) strains were considered multidrug-resistant. The presence of blaESBL and blaampC genes conferring resistance to β-lactams and qnr to quinolones were also detected in the isolates after presumption in the phenotypic test, in which 7 (21.88%) isolates contained the CTX-M-2 group, 11 (34.38%) contained CIT group and 19 (59.38%) contained qnrD. Therefore, chicken carcasses contaminated with P. mirabilis may pose a health risk to the consumer, as these isolates have a variety of virulence and antimicrobial resistance characteristics that can be found in P. mirabilis strains isolated from human infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Silva Sanches
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Ana Angelita Sampaio Baptista
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Marielen de Souza
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Maísa Fabiana Menck-Costa
- Laboratory of Avian Medicine, Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural Sciences Center, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Lumi Koga
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Basic and Applied Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Sergio Paulo Dejato Rocha
- Laboratory of Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Brazil.
- Department of Microbiology, Center of Biological Science, State University of Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PO-BOX 6001, Londrina, Paraná, 86051-980, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kanabata B, Menck-Costa MF, Souza M, Justino L, Rangel IG, Kobayashi RKT, Nakazato G, Baptista AAS. Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Strains of Escherichia Coli Isolated from Avian Cellulitis Lesions. Braz J Poult Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-0981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M Souza
- State University of Londrina, Brazil
| | - L Justino
- State University of Londrina, Brazil
| | - IG Rangel
- State University of Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|