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Czarnievicz N, Rubanu MG, Iturralde M, Albarran-Velo J, Diamanti E, Gotor-Fernandez V, Skolimowski M, López-Gallego F. A Multiplex Assay to Assess the Transaminase Activity toward Chemically Diverse Amine Donors. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202200614. [PMID: 36385460 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The development of methods to engineer and immobilize amine transaminases (ATAs) to improve their functionality and operational stability is gaining momentum. The quest for robust, fast, and easy-to-use methods to screen the activity of large collections of transaminases, is essential. This work presents a novel and multiplex fluorescence-based kinetic assay to assess ATA activity using 4-dimethylamino-1-naphthaldehyde as an amine acceptor. The developed assay allowed us to screen a battery of amine donors using free and immobilized ATAs from different microbial sources as biocatalysts. As a result, using chromatographic methods, 4-hydroxybenzylamine was identified as the best amine donor for the amination of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural. Finally, we adapted this method to determine the apparent Michaelis-Menten parameters of a model immobilized ATA at the microscopic (single-particle) level. Our studies promote the use of this multiplex, multidimensional assay to screen ATAs for further improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolette Czarnievicz
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,Micronit BV, Colosseum 15, 7521 PV, Enschede (The, Netherlands.,University of Basque Country, (UPV/EHU), Donostia-San Sebastián, 20018, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maria Grazia Rubanu
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Maialen Iturralde
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Jesús Albarran-Velo
- Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Department, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eleftheria Diamanti
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Vicente Gotor-Fernandez
- Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Department, University of Oviedo, Av. Julián Clavería 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | | | - Fernando López-Gallego
- Heterogeneous Biocatalysis Laboratory, Center for cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramón, 182, 20014, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,lkerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
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2
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Vollertsen AR, de Boer D, Dekker S, Wesselink BAM, Haverkate R, Rho HS, Boom RJ, Skolimowski M, Blom M, Passier R, van den Berg A, van der Meer AD, Odijk M. Modular operation of microfluidic chips for highly parallelized cell culture and liquid dosing via a fluidic circuit board. Microsyst Nanoeng 2020; 6:107. [PMID: 34567716 PMCID: PMC8433198 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-020-00216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems enable automated and highly parallelized cell culture with low volumes and defined liquid dosing. To achieve this, systems typically integrate all functions into a single, monolithic device as a "one size fits all" solution. However, this approach limits the end users' (re)design flexibility and complicates the addition of new functions to the system. To address this challenge, we propose and demonstrate a modular and standardized plug-and-play fluidic circuit board (FCB) for operating microfluidic building blocks (MFBBs), whereby both the FCB and the MFBBs contain integrated valves. A single FCB can parallelize up to three MFBBs of the same design or operate MFBBs with entirely different architectures. The operation of the MFBBs through the FCB is fully automated and does not incur the cost of an extra external footprint. We use this modular platform to control three microfluidic large-scale integration (mLSI) MFBBs, each of which features 64 microchambers suitable for cell culturing with high spatiotemporal control. We show as a proof of principle that we can culture human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for multiple days in the chambers of this MFBB. Moreover, we also use the same FCB to control an MFBB for liquid dosing with a high dynamic range. Our results demonstrate that MFBBs with different designs can be controlled and combined on a single FCB. Our novel modular approach to operating an automated microfluidic system for parallelized cell culture will enable greater experimental flexibility and facilitate the cooperation of different chips from different labs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. R. Vollertsen
- BIOS Lab on Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - D. de Boer
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - S. Dekker
- BIOS Lab on Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - B. A. M. Wesselink
- BIOS Lab on Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - R. Haverkate
- BIOS Lab on Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - H. S. Rho
- Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R. J. Boom
- Micronit Microtechnologies, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | | - M. Blom
- Micronit Microtechnologies, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - R. Passier
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - A. van den Berg
- BIOS Lab on Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - A. D. van der Meer
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - M. Odijk
- BIOS Lab on Chip Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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3
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Wouters B, Pirok BW, Soulis D, Garmendia Perticarini RC, Fokker S, van den Hurk RS, Skolimowski M, Peters RA, Schoenmakers PJ. On-line microfluidic immobilized-enzyme reactors: A new tool for characterizing synthetic polymers. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1053:62-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Pauwelyn T, Miccoli B, Velnayagam A, Jan Boom R, Skolimowski M, Vrouwe E, Braeken D, Reumers V. High-Throughput CMOS MEA System with Integrated Microfluidics for Cardiotoxicity Studies. Front Cell Neurosci 2018. [DOI: 10.3389/conf.fncel.2018.38.00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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5
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Mazurek P, Daugaard AE, Skolimowski M, Hvilsted S, Skov AL. Preparing mono-dispersed liquid core PDMS microcapsules from thiol–ene–epoxy-tailored flow-focusing microfluidic devices. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16255b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A dual-cure system based on thiol–ene and thiol–epoxy “click chemistry” reactions proved to be an effective and easy to use tool for microfluidic chips, which provides control over material properties and enables covalently bonding of chip wafers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. Mazurek
- Danish Polymer Centre
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - A. E. Daugaard
- Danish Polymer Centre
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - M. Skolimowski
- Fluidic Array Systems and Technology
- Department of Micro and Nanotechnology
- Technical University of Denmark
- Denmark
| | - S. Hvilsted
- Danish Polymer Centre
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
| | - A. L. Skov
- Danish Polymer Centre
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering
- Technical University of Denmark
- DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby
- Denmark
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Wierzbicki R, Købler C, Jensen MRB, Łopacińska J, Schmidt MS, Skolimowski M, Abeille F, Qvortrup K, Mølhave K. Mapping the complex morphology of cell interactions with nanowire substrates using FIB-SEM. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53307. [PMID: 23326412 PMCID: PMC3541134 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Using high resolution focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) we study the details of cell-nanostructure interactions using serial block face imaging. 3T3 Fibroblast cellular monolayers are cultured on flat glass as a control surface and on two types of nanostructured scaffold substrates made from silicon black (Nanograss) with low- and high nanowire density. After culturing for 72 hours the cells were fixed, heavy metal stained, embedded in resin, and processed with FIB-SEM block face imaging without removing the substrate. The sample preparation procedure, image acquisition and image post-processing were specifically optimised for cellular monolayers cultured on nanostructured substrates. Cells display a wide range of interactions with the nanostructures depending on the surface morphology, but also greatly varying from one cell to another on the same substrate, illustrating a wide phenotypic variability. Depending on the substrate and cell, we observe that cells could for instance: break the nanowires and engulf them, flatten the nanowires or simply reside on top of them. Given the complexity of interactions, we have categorised our observations and created an overview map. The results demonstrate that detailed nanoscale resolution images are required to begin understanding the wide variety of individual cells’ interactions with a structured substrate. The map will provide a framework for light microscopy studies of such interactions indicating what modes of interactions must be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carsten Købler
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- DTU CEN, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | - Fabien Abeille
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Klaus Qvortrup
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, CFIM, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristian Mølhave
- DTU Nanotech, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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7
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Skolimowski M, Weiss Nielsen M, Abeille F, Skafte-Pedersen P, Sabourin D, Fercher A, Papkovsky D, Molin S, Taboryski R, Sternberg C, Dufva M, Geschke O, Emnéus J. Modular microfluidic system as a model of cystic fibrosis airways. Biomicrofluidics 2012; 6:34109. [PMID: 23908680 PMCID: PMC3423306 DOI: 10.1063/1.4742911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A modular microfluidic airways model system that can simulate the changes in oxygen tension in different compartments of the cystic fibrosis (CF) airways was designed, developed, and tested. The fully reconfigurable system composed of modules with different functionalities: multichannel peristaltic pumps, bubble traps, gas exchange chip, and cell culture chambers. We have successfully applied this system for studying the antibiotic therapy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the bacteria mainly responsible for morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis, in different oxygen environments. Furthermore, we have mimicked the bacterial reinoculation of the aerobic compartments (lower respiratory tract) from the anaerobic compartments (cystic fibrosis sinuses) following an antibiotic treatment. This effect is hypothesised as the one on the main reasons for recurrent lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Skolimowski
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsted Plads, Building 345B, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark ; Department of Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Matematiktorvet, Building 301, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
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Łopacińska JM, Grădinaru C, Wierzbicki R, Købler C, Schmidt MS, Madsen MT, Skolimowski M, Dufva M, Flyvbjerg H, Mølhave K. Cell motility, morphology, viability and proliferation in response to nanotopography on silicon black. Nanoscale 2012; 4:3739-3745. [PMID: 22614757 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr11455k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of cells' interactions with nanostructured materials is fundamental for bio-nanotechnology. We present results for how individual mouse fibroblasts from cell line NIH3T3 respond to highly spiked surfaces of silicon black that were fabricated by maskless reactive ion etching (RIE). We did standard measurements of cell viability, proliferation, and morphology on various surfaces. We also analyzed the motility of cells on the same surfaces, as recorded in time lapse movies of sparsely populated cell cultures. We find that motility and morphology vary strongly with nano-patterns, while viability and proliferation show little dependence on substrate type. We conclude that motility analysis can show a wide range of cell responses e.g. over a factor of two in cell speed to different nano-topographies, where standard assays, such as viability or proliferation, in the tested cases show much less variation of the order 10-20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Łopacińska
- Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Technical University of Denmark, Ørsteds Plads 345a, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
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9
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Kwapiszewski R, Skolimowski M, Ziółkowska K, Jędrych E, Chudy M, Dybko A, Brzózka Z. A microfluidic device with fluorimetric detection for intracellular components analysis. Biomed Microdevices 2011; 13:431-40. [PMID: 21222164 PMCID: PMC3085115 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-011-9511-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
An integrated microfluidic system that coupled lysis of two cell lines: L929 fibroblasts and A549 epithelial cells, with fluorescence-based enzyme assay was developed to determine β-glucocerebrosidase activity. The microdevice fabricated in poly(dimethylsiloxane) consists of three main parts: a chemical cell lysis zone based on the sheath flow geometry, a micromeander and an optical fibers detection zone. Unlike many methods described in literature that are designed to analyse intracellular components, the presented system enables to perform enzyme assays just after cell lysis process. It reduces the effect of proteases released in lysis process on determined enzymes. Glucocerebrosidase activity, the diagnostic marker for Gaucher's disease, is the most commonly measured in leukocytes and fibroblasts using 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucopyranoside as synthetic β-glucoside. The enzyme cleavage releases the fluorescent product, i.e. 4-methylumbelliferone, and its fluorescence is measured as a function of time. The method of enzyme activity determination described in this paper was adapted for flow measurements in the microdevice. The curve of the enzymatic reaction advancement was prepared for three reaction times obtained from application of different flow rates of solutions introduced to the microsystem. Afterwards, determined β-glucocerebrosidase activity was recalculated with regard to 10(5) cells present in samples used for the tests. The obtained results were compared with a cuvette-based measurements. The lysosomal β-glucosidase activities determined in the microsystem were in good correlation with the values determined during macro-scale measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radosław Kwapiszewski
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland.
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Skolimowski M, Nielsen MW, Emnéus J, Molin S, Taboryski R, Sternberg C, Dufva M, Geschke O. Microfluidic dissolved oxygen gradient generator biochip as a useful tool in bacterial biofilm studies. Lab Chip 2010; 10:2162-9. [PMID: 20571689 DOI: 10.1039/c003558k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic chip for generation of gradients of dissolved oxygen was designed, fabricated and tested. The novel way of active oxygen depletion through a gas permeable membrane was applied. Numerical simulations for generation of O(2) gradients were correlated with measured oxygen concentrations. The developed microsystem was used to study growth patterns of the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa in medium with different oxygen concentrations. The results showed that attachment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to the substrate changed with oxygen concentration. This demonstrates that the device can be used for studies requiring controlled oxygen levels and for future studies of microaerobic and anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Skolimowski
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Micro- and Nanotechnology, Ørsted Plads, Building 345east, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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11
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Chudy M, Grabowska I, Ciosek P, Filipowicz-Szymanska A, Stadnik D, Wyzkiewicz I, Jedrych E, Juchniewicz M, Skolimowski M, Ziolkowska K, Kwapiszewski R. Miniaturized tools and devices for bioanalytical applications: an overview. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 395:647-68. [PMID: 19649753 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Revised: 07/14/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This article presents an overview of various miniaturized devices and technologies developed by our group. Innovative, fast and cheap procedures for the fabrication of laboratory microsystems based on commercially available materials are reported and compared with well-established microfabrication techniques. The modules fabricated and tested in our laboratory can be used independently or they can be set up in different configurations to form functional measurement systems. We also report further applications of the presented modules e.g. disposable poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microcuvettes, fibre optic detectors, potentiometric sensors platforms, microreactors and capillary electrophoresis (CE) microchips as well as integrated microsystems e.g. double detection microanalytical systems, devices for studying enzymatic reactions and a microsystem for cell culture and lysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Chudy
- Department of Microbioanalytics, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3 St, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
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Ciosek P, Zawadzki K, Łopacińska J, Skolimowski M, Bembnowicz P, Golonka LJ, Brzózka Z, Wróblewski W. Monitoring of cell cultures with LTCC microelectrode array. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 393:2029-38. [PMID: 19214482 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2008] [Revised: 01/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of cell cultures in microbioreactors is a crucial task in cell bioassays and toxicological tests. In this work a novel tool based on a miniaturized sensor array fabricated using low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) technology is presented. The developed device is applied to the monitoring of cell-culture media change, detection of the growth of various species, and in toxicological studies performed with the use of cells. Noninvasive monitoring performed with the LTCC microelectrode array can be applied for future cell-engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Ciosek
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664, Warsaw, Poland.
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