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Vršanská M, Veselá L, Baláková I, Kovaříková E, Jansová E, Knoll A, Voběrková S, Kubíčková L, Vaverková MD. A comprehensive study of food waste management and processing in the Czech Republic: Potential health risks and consumer behavior. Sci Total Environ 2024; 927:172214. [PMID: 38580122 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Food waste is currently a widely discussed phenomenon with significant economic and social consequences. One third of the food produced in the world is wasted at various points along the food supply chain. This article presents a comprehensive study that examines consumer behavior in dealing with food waste and activities in the composting process that enable waste sanitation. The survey conducted as part of this study showed that consumers want to eliminate odors, are concerned about potential infections, and generally sort less food waste. This study suggested that the addition of appropriate additives could be a solution. The results indicated that additives could eliminate negative side effects such as unpleasant odors, the presence of insects and rodents, and act as a prevention of the occurrence of pathogenic organisms. Tea tree oil showed the best positive physical and chemical properties among the additives tested (CaCO3 and citric acid) with a significant effect on inhibiting the growth of bacterial strains such as Salmonella strains and had the strongest antibacterial effect, neutralized unpleasant odors, and stabilized the waste. The use of additives could be a future solution to meet consumer demands, improve the quality of food waste and advance the circular economy to improve the sustainability of agricultural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Vršanská
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Veselá
- Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Irena Baláková
- Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ester Kovaříková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Jansová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Knoll
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Voběrková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, třída Generála Píky 1999/5, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lea Kubíčková
- Department of Marketing and Trade, Faculty of Business and Economics, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Podlasek A, Vaverková MD, Jakimiuk A, Koda E. A comprehensive investigation of geoenvironmental pollution and health effects from municipal solid waste landfills. Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:97. [PMID: 38393507 PMCID: PMC10891210 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates human health risks associated with heavy metals (HMs) occurrence in municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. For testing of selected MSW landfills steps were involved, including site characterization, soil sampling and chemical testing, statistical analysis, as well as health risk assessment, carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects. For the Polish landfill (Radiowo) the average HMs concentrations were found in the following order: Zn (52.74 mg/kg DM) > Pb (28.32 mg/kg DM) > Cu (12.14 mg/kg DM) > Ni (4.50 mg/kg DM) > Cd (3.49 mg/kg DM), while for the Czech landfill (Zdounky): Zn (32.05 mg/kg DM) > Cu (14.73 mg/kg DM) > Ni (4.73 mg/kg DM) > Pb (0.10 mg/kg DM) = Cd (0.10 mg/kg DM). Strong positive correlations between selected HMs demonstrated identical origins. Principal component analysis (PCA) performed for the Radiowo landfill transferred the soil parameters into three principal components (PCs), accounting for 87.12% of the total variance. The results of the PCA analysis for the Zdounky landfill revealed three PCs responsible for 95.16% of the total variance. The exposure pathways of HMs for landfills were in the following order: ingestion > dermal absorption > inhalation. For both landfills, the values of hazard quotient were lower than 1, indicating no potential negative health effects. In terms of the hazard index (HI), for both landfills, no adverse human health effects occur (HI < 1). The incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) values indicated negligible or acceptable carcinogenic risk of HMs (average ILCR in the range from 5.01E-10 to 5.19E-06).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Podlasek
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Aleksandra Jakimiuk
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
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Jakimiuk A, Matsui Y, Podlasek A, Koda E, Goli VSNS, Voběrková S, Singh DN, Vaverková MD. Closing the loop: A case study on pathways for promoting sustainable waste management on university campuses. Sci Total Environ 2023:164349. [PMID: 37236450 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of circular economy (CE) strategies has facilitated a comprehensive approach to waste management (WM) in university campuses. Composting food waste (FW) and biomass can mitigate negative environmental impacts and be part of a closed-loop economy. The compost can be used as a fertilizer, thereby closing the waste cycle. Implementing nudging strategies to promote effective waste segregation can help the campus move closer towards achieving neutrality and sustainability goals. The research was conducted at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences - WULS (SGGW). The University Campus is located in the south of Warsaw (Poland) and covers an area of 70 ha with 49 buildings. The SGGW campus generates selectively collected (glass, paper, plastic and metals, and biowaste) and mixed waste. Data were collected through a year-long report from the university administration. For the survey, waste data from 2019 to 2022 were obtained. The CE efficiency indicators of CE were measured. The indicators of CE efficiency for compost (Ic,ce) and plastic (Ipb,ce) showed Ic,ce at 21.05 %, which means that 1/5th of the waste generated on the campus can be introduced into the CE paradigm through composting, and the resulting value Ipb,ce of 19.96 % indicates that this amount can be reintroduced into the CE paradigm through its reuse. The results of the seasonality study showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the generated biowaste between the separated periods of the year, and the Pearson correlation coefficient (r = 0.068) provided additional confirmation. The weak correlation between the amount of biowaste generated and the average for each year (r = 0.110) also indicates a stable biowaste generation system that does not require a reduction or increase in the efficiency of waste processing, such as composting. By implementing CE strategies, university campuses can improve WM practices and achieve sustainability goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Jakimiuk
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yasuhiro Matsui
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Okayama-city, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Anna Podlasek
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Venkata Siva Naga Sai Goli
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Stanislava Voběrková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Devendra Narain Singh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400 076, Maharashtra, India
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Podlasek A, Vaverková MD, Koda E, Jakimiuk A, Martínez Barroso P. Characteristics and pollution potential of leachate from municipal solid waste landfills: Practical examples from Poland and the Czech Republic and a comprehensive evaluation in a global context. J Environ Manage 2023; 332:117328. [PMID: 36701827 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The formation of leachate is mainly due to the percolating of rainwater through the body of the landfill and the physical, chemical, and biological processes taking place inside the body of the landfill. The characteristics and pollution potential of leachate from the municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills in Poland (Łubna) and the Czech Republic (Zdounky) is presented. The objectives of this study are: 1) to evaluate and compare physicochemical characteristics of leachate, 2) to demonstrate the variability of leachate parameters in time, concerning stabilization phase of the landfill, 3) to present existing relationships between the characteristics of the leachate, 4) to indicate the factors determining the variability of the leachate composition. The Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) was applied to indicate temporal changes in leachate pollution, to assess polluting ability of leachate, and to compare the pollution potential of leachate. For the Łubna landfill, the minimum, maximum, and average values of LPI were: 6.10, 39.41, and 18.44, respectively. The LPI for the Łubna landfill tends to decrease in time due to stabilization of wastes. For the Zdounky landfill, temporal decreasing of LPI was not observed. The minimum, maximum, and average values of LPI were: 6.25, 14.25, and 10.11, respectively. Alkaline characteristics of leachate from both landfills indicate the mature stage of waste storage. This phenomenon was also evidenced by the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonium (NH4+), and cadmium (Cd). For both landfills, pH was negatively correlated with most of the leachate parameters. It is the task for environmental engineers to confront existing knowledge (supplemented by the results of this work) about the properties of leachate, its changes over time and its polluting potential with the possibilities of treating and managing it properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Podlasek
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Jakimiuk
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Petra Martínez Barroso
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Winkler J, Matsui Y, Filla J, Vykydalová L, Jiroušek M, Vaverková MD. Responses of synanthropic vegetation to composting facility. Sci Total Environ 2023; 859:160160. [PMID: 36375549 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Composting facilities are habitats where biological materials are bio-oxidized. Biological waste represents a source of plant species diaspores and may promote changes in the species composition of the surrounding. The studied composting facility is situated in the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, Czech Republic. Four sites, the composting pile and three habitats nearby were chosen of different use and disturbance conditions. Phytosociological plots were recorded in each of the habitat and the results were processed using multivariate analyses of ecological data. The information about plant species indication values was also analysed: (i) the relationship between soil disturbance and plant species occurrence, (ii) seed dormancy, (iii) seed bank, and (iv) vector of seed dispersion. During the research, 119 plant taxa were found in total. Conditions of the composting process (frequent disturbances, excessive available nutrients, enough water, and supply of new diaspores) represent a challenge for plant species. The presence of plant diaspores in the biowaste is a reason why the fundamental principle of appropriate composting process has to be adhered to. Another important task is to give attention to the methods determining the share of living diaspores in the final compost, which is still missing in practice. Compost might become a vehicle for spreading weeds. The capacity of vegetation to survive and multiply on the premises of composting facilities increases the importance of vegetation monitoring and control of the adjacent areas. The usual occurrence of rural brownfields near composting facilities increases the risk of diaspores being transmitted into biowaste or compost, thus increasing the share of undesirable viable diaspores. Composting facilities generate specific synanthropic conditions for the vegetation. Therefore, the composting facility projects should take into consideration the surrounding areas and vegetation management. It is recommended that the project should include semi-natural vegetation, which can create efficient barriers to the spreading of undesirable ruderal plant species. The novelty of this study is the confirmation that composting facilities and compost become a new factor affecting vegetation, which has been disregarded so far. The link between composting facilities and vegetation has to be included in the legislation related to parameters of compost quality. Moreover, the issue of weeds, their reproductive organs and their spread should be considered in the guidelines for the design, location, construction, and operation of composting facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Winkler
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Yasuhiro Matsui
- Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Okayama University, Japan.
| | - Jan Filla
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Lucie Vykydalová
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Martin Jiroušek
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
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Pasternak G, Zaczek-Peplinska J, Pasternak K, Jóźwiak J, Pasik M, Koda E, Vaverková MD. Surface Monitoring of an MSW Landfill Based on Linear and Angular Measurements, TLS, and LIDAR UAV. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:1847. [PMID: 36850445 PMCID: PMC9961628 DOI: 10.3390/s23041847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Surface monitoring of landfills is crucial not only during their operation but also for later land restoration and development. Measurements concern environmental factors, such as leachate, migration of pollutants to water, biogas, and atmospheric emissions, and geotechnical factors, such as stability and subsidence. Landfill subsidence can be measured using modern surveying techniques. Modern measurement methods for landfill body displacement monitoring and their control after restoration and adaptation as recreational areas include terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), and scanning and low-altitude photogrammetric measurements from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The acquired measurement data in the form of 3D point clouds should be referenced to the local control network to enable a comprehensive analysis of data acquired using various techniques, including geotechnical sensors such as benchmarks, piezometers, and inclinometers. This study discusses the need for surface monitoring of municipal solid waste (MSW) landfills. A properly 3-D mapped landfill mass is the basis for ensuring the geotechnical safety of the restored landfill. Based on archival data and current measurements of the Radiowo landfill (Poland), this study compares the advantages and limitations of the following measurement techniques: linear and angular measurements, satellite measurements, TLS, and UAV scanning and photogrammetry, considering specific conditions of the location and vegetation of the landfill. Solutions for long-term monitoring were proposed, considering the cost and time resolution necessary for creating a differential model of landfill geometry changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Pasternak
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janina Zaczek-Peplinska
- Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Warsaw University of Technology, Pl. Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Pasternak
- Department of Imagery Intelligence, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geodesy, Military University of Technology (WAT), 00-908 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Jóźwiak
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pasik
- Faculty of Geodesy and Cartography, Warsaw University of Technology, Pl. Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Zemědělská 1, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Nowysz A, Mazur Ł, Vaverková MD, Koda E, Winkler J. Urban Agriculture as an Alternative Source of Food and Water Security in Today's Sustainable Cities. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15597. [PMID: 36497678 PMCID: PMC9739535 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192315597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a regenerative city goes far beyond a sustainable one. The regenerative approach is to think of urban green space as a productive landscape, a source of food, and a support for biodiversity. In this approach, the so-called urban wastelands have a positive significance. Urban agriculture (UA) has become a commonly discussed topic in recent years with respect to sustainable development. Therefore, the combination of urban fabric and local food production is crucial for ecological reasons. The key issues are the reduction of food miles and the demand for processed food, the production of which strains the natural environment. At the same time, UA enables regeneration and restoration. An original methodological approach was used in the study following the mixed-method research concept: literature survey, case studies, and comparative analysis of objects. A review of UA architecture (UAA) projects was carried out to supplement the knowledge acquired during the bibliometric analysis. In sum, 25 existing projects, including allotment gardens, community gardens, and urban farms in the global north, were compared in this study. As a result of the analyses carried out, the breakdown of urban agriculture was developed into the following categories: (i) architectural-urban, (ii) ecological, (iii) social, and (iv) economic, including the impact of UA on physical activity and social interaction. UA is also a factor shaping the urban landscape. In conclusion, agrarian practice in urban environments has led to the creation of a new type of space, known as UAA. Production in the context of UA exceeds private goods, such as food produced for sale or for individual use. Additional goods include public goods. The review shows that UA fulfills economic, social, and environmental functions, thus falling under the concept of sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Nowysz
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Mazur
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Winkler
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Vijayan DS, Sivasuriyan A, Parthiban D, Jakimiuk A, Bayat H, Podlasek A, Vaverková MD, Koda E. A Comprehensive Analysis of the Use of SFRC in Structures and Its Current State of Development in the Construction Industry. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:ma15197012. [PMID: 36234357 PMCID: PMC9571380 DOI: 10.3390/ma15197012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, concrete technology has advanced, prompting engineers and researchers to adopt advanced materials to improve strength and durability. Steel-fiber-reinforced concrete (SFRC) represents the substantial modification of concrete materials to improve their structural properties, particularly their flexural and tensile strength. Whether SFRC is stronger than conventional concrete depends on a variety of variables, including the volume, size, percentage, shape, and distribution of fibers. This article provides a comprehensive discussion of the properties of SFRC, such as durability, fire resistance, and impact resistance or blast loading, as well as the application of SFRC in structural members including beams, columns, slabs, and walls. The application of steel fibers in various types of concrete, including pre-stressed, pre-cast, self-compacting, and geopolymer concrete, was also examined in this comparative analysis review, and recommendations for the future scope of SFRC were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanasingh Sivalinga Vijayan
- Civil Engineering, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Chennai 603104, India
| | - Arvindan Sivasuriyan
- Civil Engineering, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Chennai 603104, India
| | - Devarajan Parthiban
- Civil Engineering, Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation, Chennai 603104, India
| | - Aleksandra Jakimiuk
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hydayatullah Bayat
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Podlasek
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Vaverková MD, Paleologos EK, Adamcová D, Podlasek A, Pasternak G, Červenková J, Skutnik Z, Koda E, Winkler J. Municipal solid waste landfill: Evidence of the effect of applied landfill management on vegetation composition. Waste Manag Res 2022; 40:1402-1411. [PMID: 35199614 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221079304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Proper management of municipal solid waste (MSW) is crucial to avoid pollution, environmental impacts and threat to public health. The problem of MSW is mainly arising from inadequate landfill site management. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of management practices and environmental risks at two landfill sites. The landfills were subject to long-term (10 years) vegetation monitoring. The vegetation was assessed using a floristic survey of identified plant species. The vegetation analysis showed that significant differences existed between the two landfill locations, with neophytes, invasive and expansive species dominating on one of the landfill sites, which may be attributed to climatic and geomorphological differences between the two sites, but also to variations in landfill management. These environmentally problematic species can potentially spread from the landfill into adjacent ecosystems, displace native plants and degrade adjacent farmland areas. The study of vegetation monitoring data suggests that, in addition to other types of monitoring, landfills should be subjected to regular vegetation biomonitoring, too. Landfill management practices should target the regulation of unwanted species, create conditions that are favourable to native plant species and provide as early as possible the restoration of filled cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Evan K Paleologos
- Department of Civil Engineering, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Podlasek
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Pasternak
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jana Červenková
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdzisław Skutnik
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Winkler
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
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Palm ER, Guidi Nissim W, Adamcová D, Podlasek A, Jakimiuk A, Vaverková MD. Sinapis alba L. and Triticum aestivum L. as biotest model species for evaluating municipal solid waste leachate toxicity. J Environ Manage 2022; 302:114012. [PMID: 34731708 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The volume of municipal solid waste (MSW) inputs is rapidly increasing with a growing human population, and its composition is changing due an increased diversity of materials being deposited. There is an associated increase in leachate, a common toxic byproduct of MSW facilities that must be collected and treated prior to its release into the environment. There is growing interest in plant-based methods that are economical and efficient for leachate toxicity assessment such as biological tests that use indicator species. In the present study, the tolerance thresholds of two herbaceous species, Sinapis alba L. (mustard) and Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) to increasing shares of leachate sourced from an MSW facility in the Czech Republic were assessed through a variety of physiological parameters. Soil-based biotests showed a stimulation in the shoot biomass, leaf expansion, primary root elongation and carbon assimilation rate of the selected plant species to leachate concentrations between 20 and 50 %. Higher leachate concentrations led to reductions in most physiological parameters, especially the elongation of seedling roots when growth solutions with >50 % leachate were applied. While S. alba was more sensitive to increasing proportions of leachate in terms of growth parameters of the shoot tissues, photosystem II efficiency and chlorophyll pigment concentrations were more responsive in T. aestivum, indicating species-dependent differences. The present biotests provide further support for the use of both Sinapis alba L and Triticum aestivum L. as indicator species of phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Rose Palm
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Viale delle idee, 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Werther Guidi Nissim
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Viale delle idee, 30, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; PNAT s.r.l, via delle Cascine, 33/35, 50144, Firenze, Italy.
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Podlasek
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Jakimiuk
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Podlasek A, Koda E, Vaverková MD. The Variability of Nitrogen Forms in Soils Due to Traditional and Precision Agriculture: Case Studies in Poland. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:E465. [PMID: 33430097 PMCID: PMC7827450 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The soil and human health issues are closely linked. Properly managed nitrogen (N) does not endanger human health and increases crop production, nevertheless when overused and uncontrolled, can contribute to side effects. This research was intended to highlight that there is a need for carrying out monitoring studies in agricultural areas in order to expand the available knowledge on the content of N forms in agricultural lands and proper management in farming practice. The impact of two types of fertilization, concerning spatially variable (VRA) and uniform (UNI) N dose, on the distribution of N forms in soils was analyzed. The analysis was performed on the basis of soil monitoring data from agricultural fields located in three different experimental sites in Poland. The analyses performed at selected sites were supported by statistical evaluation and recognition of spatial diversification of N forms in soil. It was revealed that the movement of unused N forms to deeper parts of the soil, and therefore to the groundwater system, is more limited due to VRA fertilization. Finally, it was also concluded that the management in agricultural practice should be based on the prediction of spatial variability of soil properties that allow to ensure proper application of N fertilizers, resulting in the reduction of possible N losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Podlasek
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (E.K.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (E.K.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Revitalization and Architecture, Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 St., 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (E.K.); (M.D.V.)
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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12
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Adamcová D, Bartoň S, Osinski P, Pasternak G, Podlasek A, Vaverková MD, Koda E. Analytical Modelling of MSW Landfill Surface Displacement Based on GNSS Monitoring. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20215998. [PMID: 33105892 PMCID: PMC7660209 DOI: 10.3390/s20215998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Displacements of landfills play an important role in the reclamation process and geotechnical safety improvement of such sites. Landfill settlements are defined as a vertical displacement of waste body due to compression, degradable nature of the waste, and creep phenomenon of the waste particles. Waste composition is more diverse than natural soil. Thus, it has to be properly placed and compacted since the landfill body will continuously settle down. Several models of the landfill displacement estimation have already been developed. The aim of the present study was: (i) to review the methods of landfill settlements computation and (ii) to propose the model allowing landfill body displacements simulation based on monitoring datasets applying a Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) measurement. The new model employs Gauss-Newton iteration and Runge-Kutta methods to estimate landfill surface displacements. The objectives were to analyse and mathematically describe the landfill body displacements. The GNSS geodetic survey and computations allowed concluding that the landfill body has been transformed over the years. The results revealed that the curves of waste displacement are in agreement with the measured total displacement of the landfill, and all curves corresponding to waste displacement are perpendicular to the active edge of the landfill. In the period of a maximum of 4.5 years after the waste deposition with a layer of up to 16.2 m thickness, the phenomenon of expansion was observed, which then disappears, and more settlement occurs due to the gravity of upper layers. The analysed landfill as a whole does not experience significant displacements. Neither of the slope failures are observed, even for large inclination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Adamcová
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (D.A.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Stanislav Bartoň
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics, Opole University of Technology, Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland;
| | - Piotr Osinski
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (G.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Grzegorz Pasternak
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (G.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Anna Podlasek
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (G.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (D.A.); (M.D.V.)
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (G.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (P.O.); (G.P.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Vaverková E, Neradová Richterová M, Adamcová D, Vaverková MD. Environmental changes and their impact on human behaviour - Case study of the incidence of skin cancer. Sci Total Environ 2020; 738:139788. [PMID: 32531595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Climatological research over the past two decades makes it clear that the Earth's climate will change. Climate change has many, mostly adverse, effects on the human health. Environmental anthropogenic changes represent significant health risks including factors that may increase probability and seriousness of skin cancer diseases. There are many scientific studies on skin cancer but only a few of them are focused on environment changes and their influence on the behaviour of humans, which may lead to skin cancer. The goal of the research was to analyse environment changes in the city of Brno (Czech Republic) and their influence on the behaviour of people and some skin diseases. A research hypothesis was set up that total increase in the incidence of skin diseases would be monitored. 1757 patients aged 25-65 years participated in the research. The analysis was performed based on measured (mean annual temperatures, average monthly temperatures, ultraviolet index values, and numbers of sunny days and sunny hours) data in 2011-2019. In order to monitor the trend, temperature data from 1961 to 2019 were evaluated too. The analysed data indicate that the trend of average monthly and annual temperatures observed was increasing in recent years. Moreover, based on data obtained from the analysed doctor's office it was found out that the incidence of skin diseases increased in the studied period. The main reasons to increase include excessive exposure to sun, extended average age of the population, ozone layer depletion, climatic and weather changes, increased migration and behaviour of people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vaverková
- Grammar school Brno-Řečkovice, Terezy Novákové 2, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
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14
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Vostrejs P, Adamcová D, Vaverková MD, Enev V, Kalina M, Machovsky M, Šourková M, Marova I, Kovalcik A. Active biodegradable packaging films modified with grape seeds lignin. RSC Adv 2020; 10:29202-29213. [PMID: 35521111 PMCID: PMC9055960 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra04074f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable packaging materials represent one possible solution for how to reduce the negative environmental impact of plastics. The main idea of this work was to investigate the possibility of utilizing grape seed lignin for the modification of polyhydroxyalkanoates with the use of its antioxidant capacity in packaging films. For this purpose, polymeric films based on the blend of high crystalline poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and amorphous polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) were prepared. PHB/PHA films displayed Young modulus of 240 MPa, tensile strength at a maximum of 6.6 MPa and elongation at break of 95.2%. The physical properties of PHB/PHA films were modified by the addition of 1-10 wt% of grape seeds lignin (GS-L). GS-L lignin showed a high antioxidant capacity: 238 milligrams of Trolox equivalents were equal to one gram of grape seeds lignin. The incorporation of grape seeds lignin into PHB/PHA films positively influenced their gas barrier properties, antioxidant activity and biodegradability. The values of oxygen and carbon dioxide transition rate of PHB/PHA with 1 wt% of GS-L were 7.3 and 36.3 cm3 m-2 24 h 0.1 MPa, respectively. The inhibition percentage of the ABTS radical determined in PHB/PHA/GS-L was in the range of 29.2% to 100% depending on the lignin concentration. The biodegradability test carried out under controlled composting environment for 90 days showed that the PHB/PHA film with 50 w/w% of amorphous PHA reached the degradability degree of 68.8% being about 26.6% higher decomposition than in the case of neat high crystalline PHB film. The degradability degree of PHA films in compost within the tested period reflected the modification of the semi-crystalline character and varied with the incorporated lignin. From the toxicological point of view, the composts obtained after biodegradation of PHA films proved the non-toxicity of PHB/PHA/GS-L materials and its degradation products showed a positive effect on white mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seeds germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Vostrejs
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno Zemědělská 1 613 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno Zemědělská 1 613 00 Brno Czech Republic
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW Nowoursynowska 159m 02 776 Warsaw Poland
| | - Vojtech Enev
- Department of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kalina
- Department of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Michal Machovsky
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlín Třída Tomáše Bati 5678 760 01 Zlin Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Šourková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno Zemědělská 1 613 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Marova
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
| | - Adriana Kovalcik
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology Purkynova 118 612 00 Brno Czech Republic
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15
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Vaverková MD, Adamcová D, Winkler J, Koda E, Petrželová L, Maxianová A. Alternative method of composting on a reclaimed municipal waste landfill in accordance with the circular economy: Benefits and risks. Sci Total Environ 2020; 723:137971. [PMID: 32220733 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Waste composting is becoming a key element of integrated waste management. Composting has a number of advantages, including economic benefits, improvement of soil properties through the use of compost, reduction in the use of chemical fertilisers, and minimization of environmental pollution. Composting on a landfill surface appears to be an economical solution that can help close the waste loop and material cycle. In this study, a composting plant located on a landfill surface was analysed. The main objective of the research was to identify the species of plants growing in the organic fraction of municipal solid waste in temporary storage, in the composting plant, and in maturing compost located in a reclaimed plot at the landfill site. During monitoring, 88 plant species were identified altogether. It was observed that compost can become a source of weed infestation. To control the presence of weeds in the compost, basic principles of composting are to be followed to reduce the quantity of weed seeds. The thermophilic phase must occur to reduce the viability of seeds in the input materials and sufficient moisture must be ensured during the composting process. When these principles are strictly observed and the stored compost is maintained without vegetation, the supply of seeds in the compost will be low, and the undesirable spread of plant species to adjacent areas will be controlled. The results showed that the use of the obtained compost did not result in the propagation of weed species. This study demonstrates that composting on a reclaimed landfill offers various advantages such as a closed waste management cycle, coverage of the active landfill body, and fertilisation of the reclaimed part of the landfill.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Winkler
- Department of Plant biology, AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lenka Petrželová
- Department of Plant biology, AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alžbeta Maxianová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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16
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Voběrková S, Maxianová A, Schlosserová N, Adamcová D, Vršanská M, Richtera L, Gagić M, Zloch J, Vaverková MD. Food waste composting - Is it really so simple as stated in scientific literature? - A case study. Sci Total Environ 2020; 723:138202. [PMID: 32224413 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Food waste has recently gained much worldwide interest due to its influence on the environment, economy and society. Gathering and recycling of food waste is the essential issue in the waste management and the interest in processing food waste arises mainly out of influence of the processes of food putrefaction on the environment. Composting of food waste encounters a number of technical challenges, arising weak physical structure of food waste with weak porosity, high content of water, low carbon-to-nitrogen relation and fast hydrolysis and accumulation of organic acids during composting. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the challenges facing installations intended for food waste composting, with the purpose to their optimization with use of appropriate additives. Physico-chemical, biochemical characteristics and phytotoxicity of the produced compost has been measured. Two additives (20% biochar and 20% sawdust) were chosen from experimental variants I-XII containing different additives (biochar, Devonian sand, sawdust) in diverse concentration. The use of selected additives seems to slightly increase potential of hydrogen value and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, while decreasing electrical conductivity in comparison with control sample. The results obtained also show that the addition of biochar leads to an increase dehydrogenase, phosphatase and arylsulphatase activities and addition of sawdust has a positive effect on beta-D-glucosidase, protease, phosphatase and arylsulphatase activities. The phytotoxicity test shows that the compost made of food waste (control sample) and with addition of biochar is toxic to plants. By contrast, the addition of sawdust shows that the compost was not phytotoxic. In conclusion, the addition of additives does not provide unambiguous results in terms of the quality of the final product in all monitored parameters. Therefore, we can state that food waste was reduced and hygienized, and that the final product does not meet conditions for mature compost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Voběrková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alžbeta Maxianová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Nikola Schlosserová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Vršanská
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Richtera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Milica Gagić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Zloch
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
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17
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Vaverková MD, Elbl J, Voběrková S, Koda E, Adamcová D, Mariusz Gusiatin Z, Al Rahman A, Radziemska M, Mazur Z. Composting versus mechanical-biological treatment: Does it really make a difference in the final product parameters and maturity. Waste Manag 2020; 106:173-183. [PMID: 32222681 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of crucial waste management problems is the management of organic waste. This activity employs the composting. In case of green waste, its application seems reasonable, whereas the use of selected mixed waste raises problems related to the compost quality. Across countries, the non-sterile organic fraction of municipal solid waste is being separated through the mechanical-biological treatment. The technology is a solution of waste treatment and meets objectives set out in the Landfill Directive. There are many problems associated with the use of output products. The use of compost as a fertilizer requires determination of its impact on the environment. Compost quality can be assessed using analytical methods and phytotoxicity tests. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe changes in physico-chemical, enzymatic, phytotoxicity and vegetation parameters occurring in composts from two systems - a prismatic installation for green waste, and a mechanical-biological treatment installation. The compost from green waste exhibited greater stability. Values of dehydrogenase activity were lower if compared with the mechanically and biologically treated compost, which indicates lower compost maturity. The biomass production of Brassica napus L. and Fetuca rubra L. was higher in the variant with the application of green compost. The influence on Hordeum vulgare L., Cannabis sativa L., and Sinapis alba L. depended on the plant type and the compost used. Nevertheless, the compost from green waste was less toxic. The evidence from this study suggests that the mechanical-biological treatment had problems associated with the maturation and quality of the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jakub Elbl
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislava Voběrková
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelská 1, CZ-61300, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eugeniusz Koda
- Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zygmunt Mariusz Gusiatin
- Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna St. 45G, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Abd Al Rahman
- Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technická 3058/10, CZ-616 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelská 1, CZ-61300, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maja Radziemska
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Mazur
- Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Sloneczna St. 45G, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Brtnický M, Pecina V, Hladký J, Radziemska M, Koudelková Z, Klimánek M, Richtera L, Adamcová D, Elbl J, Galiová MV, Baláková L, Kynický J, Smolíková V, Houška J, Vaverková MD. Assessment of phytotoxicity, environmental and health risks of historical urban park soils. Chemosphere 2019; 220:678-686. [PMID: 30605810 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.12.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Urban soil areas can be contaminated with potentially dangerous heavy metals (HM), which might have got there by means of the human activity. The aim of the present study was to determine the contamination level of the city park soils and its impact on urban ecosystem. The indices assessing soil contamination such as Enrichment Factor (EF), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Nemerow Pollution Index (IPIN), and indices assessing health risks, namely Hazard Index (HI) and Carcinogenic Risk (CR), have been calculated. Furthermore, the phytotoxic effect of the soil samples has been determined. The soil contains in average 58.6 mg/kg Zn, 0.3 mg/kg Cd, 27.2 mg/kg Pb and 16.6 mg/kg Cu. Based on EF index, it has been confirmed that the increased amounts of Zn, Cd and Pb in the soil are of the anthropogenic origin. The soil may be classified as moderately to strongly polluted in the case of Zn and Pb according to Igeo. Nevertheless, soil contamination in the park is at a safe level as per IPIN. Based on HI and CR indices, it is possible to state that the soil in the park does not pose any health risks. Subject to the outcomes of the toxicity test, the concentrations of HMs found out in the soils are not inhibitory for plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Brtnický
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Pecina
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 61200, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Hladký
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maja Radziemska
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zuzana Koudelková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Klimánek
- Department of Forest Management and Applied Geoinformatics, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 3, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Richtera
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Elbl
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Vašinová Galiová
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Baláková
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Kynický
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 656/123, 612 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vendula Smolíková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Houška
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland; Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Malinowski M, Wolny-Koładka K, Vaverková MD. Effect of biochar addition on the OFMSW composting process under real conditions. Waste Manag 2019; 84:364-372. [PMID: 30691911 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The article evaluates the effect of small selected doses of biochar addition (0%, 1.5%, 3% and 5%, wet weight) on the composting process of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) with a low initial C/N ratio under real conditions. The low C/N composting mixtures with addition of biochar at low rates can have a positive effect on the compost quality and on the reduction of N losses in compost. The novelty of this work consists in studying the impact of small biochar doses on the composting process at full-scale. The research was conducted under real conditions in the Brno Central Composting Plant (Czech Republic) receiving food waste, grass, straw, sawdust, mineral waste, paper, wood and sewage sludge for processing. The experimental processing time was 12 weeks. We evaluated changes in carbon (C), nitrogen (N), moisture content (MC), organic matter (OM), respiration activity (AT4), as well as changes in the microbiocenotic composition of microorganisms colonizing the processed waste. OFMSW with the addition of biochar and compost were assessed for the content of heavy metals (HM). It was found out that biochar reduced the compost toxicity. The resulting compost with the addition of biochar exhibited higher moisture content and lower waste density. Biochar had an impact on N retention during composting but it did not change the course or accelerate the composting process. The highest OM loss (62.6%) was observed in the OFMSW with no biochar addition. The abundance of potentially pathogenic microorganisms clearly decreased during the OFMSW composting process with the addition of biochar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Malinowski
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Informatics, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka Street 116b, 30-149 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Wolny-Koładka
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza Ave 24/28, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Vaverková MD, Elbl J, Radziemska M, Adamcová D, Kintl A, Baláková L, Bartoň S, Hladký J, Kynický J, Brtnický M. Environmental risk assessment and consequences of municipal solid waste disposal. Chemosphere 2018; 208:569-578. [PMID: 29890495 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective and efficient assessments of the site conditions are required for the sustainable management of landfills. In this study we propose an evaluation method to determine the degree of environmental contamination by the contest of heavy metals (HM) concentrations in soil and plants (Tanacetum vulgare L., Carduus L., Plantago major L.). We compared HM concentrations in the soil, leaves, stem and roots of those native plants. Content of HM in samples was at the same level in all localities, except content of Zn. These values confirm that the area is not naturally burdened by increased HM content in the soil, and also that the deposited municipal waste or the material used for reclamation and composting does not contain risk elements. The content of selected HM was monitored in plants naturally occurring in the area of interest. We can state that the content of individual HM was in the plant biomass at the same level. The measured values confirmed that the largest number of HM was in roots, then in stem and the least in leaves. In addition, specific indexes were determined: BAC, TF, CF, PLI and Igeo. The BAC values confirmed that the individual plants had the ability to accumulate Pb and Cd (BAC> 2) but were limited to bind Mn and Zn (BAC <1). TF values confirmed that plants had a different ability to transport HM from roots to aboveground biomass. Potential soil contamination was detected using CF, PLI and Igeo indexes but contamination by HM was not confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Improvement, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jakub Elbl
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Pedology, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maja Radziemska
- Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Improvement, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dana Adamcová
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of AgriSciences, Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Kintl
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Pedology, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Agriculture Research Ltd., Zahradní 1, 664 41 Troubsko, Czech Republic
| | - Ludmila Baláková
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Pedology, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Bartoň
- Opole University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering Automatic Control and Informatics, Proszkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
| | - Jan Hladký
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Pedology, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Kynický
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Pedology, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Brtnický
- Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Department of Geology and Pedology, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Zloch J, Vaverková MD, Adamcová D, Radziemska M, Vyhnánek T, Trojan V, Đorđević B, Brtnický M. Seasonal Changes and Toxic Potency of Landfill Leachate for White Mustard (Sinapis alba L.). Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2018. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Adamcová D, Radziemska M, Zloch J, Dvořáčková H, Elbl J, Kynický J, Brtnický M, Vaverková MD. SEM Analysis and Degradation Behavior of Conventional and Bio-Based Plastics During Composting. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2018. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201866020349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Adamcová D, Radziemska M, Ridošková A, Bartoň S, Pelcová P, Elbl J, Kynický J, Brtnický M, Vaverková MD. Environmental assessment of the effects of a municipal landfill on the content and distribution of heavy metals in Tanacetum vulgare L. Chemosphere 2017; 185:1011-1018. [PMID: 28753902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is an important concern because of its potential to affect human health. This study was conducted to analyze plants growing on a landfill body and in its surroundings to determine their potential for heavy metal accumulation. In addition, the enrichment coefficient (EC) for the plant/soil system was used for determining the environmental contamination from a landfill in terms of heavy metal accumulation. The samples were taken in 2013-2014. Of the analyzed metals, iron achieved the highest values in the samples, i.e. - stalk (103.4-6564.6 mg/kg DM), roots (6563.6-33,036.6 mg/kg DM), leaf (535.1-11,275 mg/kg DM) and soil (12,389-39,381.9 mg/kg DM). The highest concentrations were determined in 2013 for Fe, Mn and Zn. Iron achieved the highest concentrations in the years 2013-2014. Next, EC values were then calculated, with the highest noted for Cd. Cd, as well as Cr, Ni and Zn are accumulated mostly in the leaves, whereas Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn and Pb are accumulated mainly in the roots of T. vulgare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Adamcová
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maja Radziemska
- Department of Environmental Management, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02 776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrea Ridošková
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Bartoň
- Department of Technology and Automobile Transport, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Pelcová
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Elbl
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno, CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Kynický
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno, CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Brtnický
- Department of Geology and Pedology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1/1665, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic; Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, University of Technology, Purkynova 656/123, Brno, CZ-616 00, Czech Republic
| | - Magdalena Daria Vaverková
- Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Adamcová D, Elbl J, Zloch J, Vaverková MD, Kintl A, Juřička D, Hladký J, Brtnický M. Study on the (bio)degradation Process of Bioplastic Materials under Industrial Composting Conditions. Acta Univ Agric Silvic Mendelianae Brun 2017. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201765030791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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