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Bhat S, Jagadeeshaprasad MG, Patil YR, Shaikh ML, Regin BS, Mohan V, Giri AP, Balasubramanyam M, Boppana R, Kulkarni MJ. Proteomic Insight Reveals Elevated Levels of Albumin in Circulating Immune Complexes in Diabetic Plasma. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2011-20. [PMID: 27056913 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m116.058008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A Hyperglycemic condition in diabetes promotes formation of advanced glycation end products, which are known to elicit immune response and form complexes with immunoglobulins called circulating immune complexes. To investigate the involvement of advanced glycation end product (AGE)-modified proteins in the elicitation of an immune response, circulating immune complexes were isolated and proteins associated were identified and characterized. Label-free-based mass spectrometric analysis of circulating immune complexes in clinical plasma of prediabetic, newly diagnosed diabetes, and diabetic microalbuminurea revealed elevated levels of serum albumin in the circulating immune complexes, which were also observed to be AGE modified. Further, to examine the role of glycation, circulating immune complexeswere analyzed in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice treated with or without aminoguanidine, a prototype glycation inhibitor. Mass spectrometric analysis of circulating immune complexes showed elevated levels of serum albumin in plasma from diabetic mice over that of control animals. Aminoguanidine-treated diabetic mice displayed decreased AGE modification of plasma albumin, accompanied by a reduced level of albumin in the circulating immune complexes. In addition, elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b, IL-2, and TNF-alpha were observed in diabetes, which were reduced with aminoguanidine treatment, suggesting the involvement of glycation in the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Bhat
- From the ‡Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India, and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Mashanipalya G Jagadeeshaprasad
- From the ‡Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India, and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | - Yugendra R Patil
- From the ‡Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India, and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | | | | | | | - Ashok P Giri
- From the ‡Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India, and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Mahesh J Kulkarni
- From the ‡Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411008, India, and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, India;
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Ghosh S, More P, Derle A, Patil AB, Markad P, Asok A, Kumbhar N, Shaikh ML, Ramanamurthy B, Shinde VS, Dhavale DD, Chopade BA. Diosgenin from Dioscorea bulbifera: novel hit for treatment of type II diabetes mellitus with inhibitory activity against α-amylase and α-glucosidase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106039. [PMID: 25216353 PMCID: PMC4162539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial metabolic disease characterized by post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG). α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors aim to explore novel therapeutic agents. Herein we report the promises of Dioscorea bulbifera and its bioactive principle, diosgenin as novel α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitor. Among petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and 70% ethanol (v/v) extracts of bulbs of D. bulbifera, ethyl acetate extract showed highest inhibition upto 72.06 ± 0.51% and 82.64 ± 2.32% against α-amylase and α-glucosidase respectively. GC-TOF-MS analysis of ethyl acetate extract indicated presence of high diosgenin content. Diosgenin was isolated and identified by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR and confirmed by HPLC which showed an α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition upto 70.94 ± 1.24% and 81.71 ± 3.39%, respectively. Kinetic studies confirmed the uncompetitive mode of binding of diosgenin to α-amylase indicated by lowering of both Km and Vm. Interaction studies revealed the quenching of intrinsic fluorescence of α-amylase in presence of diosgenin. Similarly, circular dichroism spectrometry showed diminished negative humped peaks at 208 nm and 222 nm. Molecular docking indicated hydrogen bonding between carboxyl group of Asp300, while hydrophobic interactions between Tyr62, Trp58, Trp59, Val163, His305 and Gln63 residues of α-amylase. Diosgenin interacted with two catalytic residues (Asp352 and Glu411) from α-glucosidase. This is the first report of its kind that provides an intense scientific rationale for use of diosgenin as novel drug candidate for type II diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sougata Ghosh
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Piyush More
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Abhishek Derle
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Ajay B. Patil
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Pramod Markad
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Adersh Asok
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology and Science, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Navanath Kumbhar
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Mahemud L. Shaikh
- National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Boppana Ramanamurthy
- National Centre for Cell Science, University of Pune Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
| | - Vaishali S. Shinde
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
| | - Dilip D. Dhavale
- Garware Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Pune, Pune, India
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Kaur N, Chettiar S, Rathod S, Rath P, Muzumdar D, Shaikh ML, Shiras A. Wnt3a mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling promotes tumor progression in glioblastoma. Mol Cell Neurosci 2013; 54:44-57. [PMID: 23337036 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Revised: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Presence of a distinct population of cells that drives tumor progression supports the hierarchical model of tumor development in Glioblastoma (GBM) and substantiates the cancer stem cell hypothesis. Amongst the various developmental signaling pathways that are aberrantly activated, we here show that activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a critical role in malignant transformation and tumor progression in gliomas. We demonstrate that Wnt ligands - Wnt1 and Wnt3a are expressed in a graded manner in these tumors as well as over-expressed in glioma stem cell-lines. A selective inhibition of Wnt signaling pathway by selective knock-down of its ligands Wnt1 and Wnt3a in glioma-derived stem-like cells led to decreased cell proliferation, cell migration and chemo-resistance. Furthermore, Wnt silencing in glioma cells reduced the capacity to form intra-cranial tumors in vivo. Taken together, our study indicates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway as an essential driver of glioma tumorigenesis, recognizing role of Wnt3a as an oncogene and thereby offering novel therapeutic strategies for management of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navjot Kaur
- National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), NCCS Complex, University of Pune Campus, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, Maharashtra, India.
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