1
|
Aldabbas R, Shaker OG, Ismail MF, Fathy N. miRNA-559 and MTDH as possible diagnostic markers of psoriasis: Role of PTEN/AKT/FOXO pathway in disease pathogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:1427-1438. [PMID: 36348199 PMCID: PMC10209283 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a persistent, inflammatory, autoimmune skin disorder which can be elicited by genetic and environmental factors. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) that are abnormally expressed in psoriasis have emerged as an interesting candidate in psoriasis pathogenesis. However, the expression profile and function of miRNA-559, and its direct target metadherin (MTDH), in psoriasis need to be further illuminated. This study intended to assess miRNA-559 and MTDH levels in skin and sera of psoriatic patients and to investigate their clinical significance in an attempt for developing novel distinct tools for early diagnosis of psoriasis. Moreover, this study aimed at exploring participation of miRNA-559 in regulating MTDH/PTEN/AKT pathway in psoriasis. Expression levels of miRNA-559, AKT, FOXO1 and PTEN were measured by real-time qRT-PCR, whereas MTDH and p27 levels were assessed by ELISA in lesional, non-lesional tissues and serum of 20 psoriatic patients and 20 matching controls. Correlation study was conducted between different parameters. The diagnostic performance of miRNA-559 and MTDH in psoriasis was estimated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Expression of miRNA-559 in psoriatic patients was significantly downregulated in both lesional tissues and serum as compared to controls. Conversely, MTDH protein level showed significant increase in both tissues and serum of psoriatic patients and was inversely correlated with miRNA-559 level. Meanwhile, levels of PTEN, AKT and FOXO1 were dramatically changed in psoriatic patients compared to controls. Furthermore, serum miRNA-559 and MTDH displayed comparable diagnostic accuracy in discriminating psoriatic patients from controls. Yet, miRNA-559 demonstrated superior diagnostic performance than MTDH in psoriasis diagnosis. Together, the current findings provide the first suggestion of a new mechanism by which downregulation of miRNA-559 might induce proliferation in psoriasis through modulating PTEN/AKT/FOXO1 pathway by positive regulation of MTDH. Thus, miRNA-559 and MTDH might be proposed as promising diagnostic biomarkers of psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Aldabbas
- PHD Student at Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Manal F. Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| | - Nevine Fathy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562 Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Muhd H, Zuhaimy H, Ismail MF, Arshad F, Azmi S, Sahak NH. Orbital Metastasis as The Initial Presentation of Breast Cancer. Malays Fam Physician 2020; 15:74-78. [PMID: 33329865 PMCID: PMC7735876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Muhd
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - H Zuhaimy
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M F Ismail
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | - F Arshad
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru Johor, Malaysia
| | - Snm Azmi
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - N H Sahak
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nossier AI, Shehata NI, Morsy SM, Saeed DF, Elsayed NM, Ismail MF, Eissa S. Determination of certain urinary microRNAs as promising biomarkers in diabetic nephropathy patients using gold nanoparticles. Anal Biochem 2020; 609:113967. [PMID: 32950495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major leading cause of kidney failure. So, early detection of DN by assessing urinary microRNAs (miRNAs) expression may be of clinical value. In this study, the diagnostic value of two urinary miRNAs (miR-210 & miR-34a) as biomarkers for diagnosis of DN was assessed using a simple colorimetric gold nanoparticle (AuNP) assay and real-time PCR. MiR-(210 & 34a) were markedly up-regulated in DN groups (micro-albuminuric and macro-albuminuric groups) compared to the non-albuminuric group and healthy controls. The sensitivity and specificity for the qualitative detection of urinary miR-(210 & 34a) using the AuNP assay were (78% and 72%) & (81% and 69%), respectively, which were consistent with the results of real-time PCR. There was a highly significant correlation between urinary miR-(210 & 34a) detected by either qRT-PCR or qualitative AuNP assay. Accordingly, this simple AuNP assay may be considered a valid test for the detection of these two urinary miRNAs as potential biomarkers that can aid in the noninvasive diagnosis of DN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ibrahim Nossier
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th October City, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Suzy Mahmoud Morsy
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th October City, Giza, Egypt
| | - Doaa Fayez Saeed
- Biochemistry Department, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), 6th October City, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Manal F Ismail
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sanaa Eissa
- Oncology Diagnostic Unit, Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abo-Elfadl MT, Gamal-Eldeen AM, Ismail MF, Shahin NN. Silencing of the cytokine receptor TNFRSF13B: A new therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer. Cytokine 2019; 125:154790. [PMID: 31400636 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TNFRSF13B, TACI, is a member of the TNF receptor superfamily; it plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation and progression. METHOD Influence of silencing of human cytokine receptors on cell viability was screened by Luminescent Cell Viability Assay, after transfection of the siRNA library to find the maximum cell death superhits in both triple-negative MDA-MB-231 and double-positive MCF7 breast cells. The mode of cell death was investigated by dual DNA fluorescence staining. The expression of mRNAs of TACI, BAFF, BAFF-R, and APRIL was explored by qPCR. Immunocytofluorescence analysis was used to evaluate changes in TACI, Bcl-2, TNFR2, cyclin-D2, and PCNA. NF-kB p65, cell cycle, and necrosis/apoptosis (late and early) were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS TACI is the most potent cytotoxic superhit resulted from high-throughput screening of the siRNA library, in both types of cells. Our findings indicated that silencing receptor TACI in both types of breast cancer cells led to significant cell death, after different intervals from siRNA transfection. Cell death mediators (TNFR2, Bcl-2, and NF-κB) were significantly decreased after TACI silencing. The key factors for cell division (Cyclin-D2 and PCNA) were significantly increased in silenced cells of both types but the cell cycle was arrested before the completion of mitosis. Expression of BAFF, BAFF-R and APRIL mRNA in TACI-silenced cells showed significant upregulation in MDA-MB-231 cells, while only BAFF-R and APRIL showed significant downregulation in MCF7 cells. CONCLUSION TACI silencing can be a new and promising therapeutic target for mesenchymal-stem like triple-negative breast cancer subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud T Abo-Elfadl
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira M Gamal-Eldeen
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt; Clinical Laboratory Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Al Mutamarat Rd, Al Mathnah, At Taif 26521, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal F Ismail
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nancy N Shahin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
El-Boghdady NA, Ismail MF, Abd-Alhameed MF, Ahmed AS, Ahmed HH. Bidirectional Association Between Psoriasis and Obesity: Benefits and Risks. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2017; 38:12-19. [PMID: 29252076 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2017.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that is associated with several comorbidities such as obesity. This study was designed to estimate the possibility of utilizing psoriasin, nestin, keratin-16 (Krt16), and interleukin-21 (IL-21) as biochemical markers of psoriasis, to correlate these candidate psoriatic markers with biomarkers of obesity [body mass index (BMI), leptin, and resistin], and to elucidate the bidirectional association between obesity and psoriasis. Blood samples were collected from all participants (n = 108) who were classified according to their BMI into 4 groups: healthy control, obese, psoriatic, and obese psoriatic group. Plasma psoriasin, nestin, Krt16, IL-21, leptin, and resistin were estimated for all subjects. Psoriasin, nestin, Krt16, IL-21, leptin, and resistin were significantly elevated in psoriatic and obese psoriatic groups. However, only leptin, resistin, IL-21, and Krt16 were significantly increased in the obese group compared with the control group. Leptin and resistin showed significant positive correlations with psoriasis area and severity index score, psoriasin, nestin, Krt16, and IL-21. Cutoff values for psoriasin, nestin, Krt16, and IL-21 were 187.5 ng/mL, 1825 pg/mL, 33.1 ng/mL, and 128.6 ng/L, respectively. In conclusion, psoriasin, nestin, Krt16, and IL-21 can be utilized as biochemical markers of psoriasis; these psoriatic markers are significantly positively correlated with obesity biomarkers, and obesity can be considered a risk factor and/or consequence of psoriasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noha A El-Boghdady
- 1 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal F Ismail
- 1 Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University , Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Amira S Ahmed
- 3 Hormone Department, National Research Centre , Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa H Ahmed
- 3 Hormone Department, National Research Centre , Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Motawi TK, Shaker OG, Ismail MF, Sayed NH. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma in Obesity and Colorectal Cancer: the Role of Epigenetics. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10714. [PMID: 28878369 PMCID: PMC5587696 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11180-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a nuclear receptor that is deregulated in obesity. PPARγ exerts diverse antineoplastic effects. Attempting to determine the clinical relevance of the epigenetic mechanisms controlling the expression PPARγ and susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) in obese subjects, this study investigated the role of some microRNAs and DNA methylation on the deregulation of PPARγ. Seventy CRC patients (34 obese and 36 lean), 22 obese and 24 lean healthy controls were included. MicroRNA levels were measured in serum. PPARγ promoter methylation was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). PPARγ level was evaluated by measuring mRNA level in PBMC and protein level in serum. The tested microRNAs (miR-27b, 130b and 138) were significantly upregulated in obese and CRC patients. Obese and CRC patients had significantly low levels of PPARγ. A significant negative correlation was found between PPARγ levels and the studied microRNAs. There was a significant PPARγ promoter hypermethylation in CRC patients that correlated to low PPARγ levels. Our results suggest that upregulation of microRNAs 27b, 130b and 138 is associated with susceptibility to CRC in obese subjects through PPARγ downregulation. Hypermethylation of PPARγ gene promoter is associated with CRC through suppression of PPARγ regardless of BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T K Motawi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - O G Shaker
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M F Ismail
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N H Sayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ahmad H, Sharbirin AS, Samion MZ, Ismail MF. All-fiber multimode interferometer for the generation of a switchable multi-wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser. Appl Opt 2017; 56:5865-5870. [PMID: 29047907 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.005865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A compact all-fiber multimode interferometer (MMI) designed to produce a switchable multi-wavelength thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) is proposed and demonstrated. The TDFL fiber ring cavity employs a 60-cm-long multimode fiber into the cavity to induce multimode interference and provide intensity-dependent loss in order to generate a multi-wavelength output. The suppression of mode competition and the overall stability of the TDFL are further improved by exploiting the filtering capability of a Sagnac loop. By increasing the pump power, a switchable wavelength output is allowed with a wavelength spacing of ∼1.8 nm. At 361 mW input pump power, nine laser lines are generated, with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio value of ∼36 dB and an output power of 3.3 mW. The multi-wavelength TDFL also exhibits great stability in one-hour operation with a wavelength drift of 0.2 nm. The proposed multi-wavelength TDFL has potential to be employed in future thulium-doped fiber amplifier-based telecommunication infrastructure and also may be applicable in areas such as sensing and spectroscopy, largely associated with its 2 μm wavelength output.
Collapse
|
8
|
Lavelle C, Ismail MF, Doherty K, Bowler A, Mohammad MM, Cassidy EM. Association between psychological distress and cancer type in patients referred to a psycho-oncology service. Ir Med J 2017; 110:579. [PMID: 28952669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Psychological distress is common in patients with cancer and psychological well-being is increasingly seen as an important component of cancer care. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between cancer type and subjective distress. The following data were collected from a database of consecutive psycho-oncology referrals to the Liaison Psychiatry service in Cork University Hospital from 2006 to 2015: demographics, cancer diagnosis, Distress Thermometer (DT) score. 2102 out of 2384 referrals were assessed. Of those assessed, the most common cancer diagnoses were breast (23%, n=486) followed by haematological (21%, n=445). There were significant difference in DT score between the different cancer types, (?2(13)=33.685, p=0.001, Kruskal-Wallis test). When adjusted for age, gender and whether or not the cancer was recently diagnosed, there was no significant association between cancer type and psychological distress. In conclusion, cancer type is not associated with level of distress in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Lavelle
- South Lee Mental Health Service, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - M F Ismail
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - K Doherty
- South Lee Mental Health Service, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - A Bowler
- South Lee Mental Health Service, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - M M Mohammad
- Cognitive Impairment Research Group, Graduate Entry Medical School, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - E M Cassidy
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abdel-Hamid MS, Ismail MF, Darwish HA, Effat LK, Zaki MS, Abdel-Salam GMH. Molecular and phenotypic spectrum ofASPM-related primary microcephaly: Identification of eight novel mutations. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2133-40. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Abdel-Hamid
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| | - Manal F. Ismail
- Biochemistry Department; Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University; Cairo Egypt
| | | | - Laila K. Effat
- Medical Molecular Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| | - Maha S. Zaki
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| | - Ghada M. H. Abdel-Salam
- Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Division; National Research Centre; Cairo Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abdel-Hamid MS, Ismail MF, Darwish HA, Effat LK, Zaki MS, Abdel-Salam GMH. CO-OCCURRENCE OF PRIMARY MICROCEPHALY CAUSED BY A NOVEL HOMOZYGOUS ASPM MUTATION ALONG WITH X-LINKED ICHTHYOSIS IN THE SAME PATIENT. Genet Couns 2016; 27:25-33. [PMID: 27192889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal recessive primary microcephaly is a heterogeneous genetic disorder caused by genes that affect neurogenesis. This form of microcephaly has not been associated with other congenital anomalies. ASPM mutations have been identified as the major cause implicated in autosomal recessive primary microcephaly. X-linked recessive ichthyosis, is an inborn error of steroid sulfatase metabolism characterized by dark and adhesive scaly skin. Here, we examined an Egyptian boy presenting with microcephaly and simplified gyral pattern. Additionally, he had ichthyosis that goes with the X-linked type. Mutation analyses of the ASPM gene for autosomal recessive primary microcephaly and STS gene of X-linked recessive ichthyosis were conducted revealing a co-occurrence of a novel homozygous splice site mutation of ASPM gene (c.2936+1G>A) and a partial deletion of STS spanning from exon 7-10. We propose that the phenotype of our patient results from the combined effects of mutations in both ASPM and STS that account for the neurological signs and skin manifestations, respectively. The association of isolated X-linked recessive ichthyosis and autosomal recessive primary microcephaly has never been reported in the literature. Careful clinical and genetic assessment of patients with atypical clinical phenotypes is crucial for detecting such rare double mutations and thus proper genetic counseling.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ismail MF, El Boghdady NA, Shabayek MI, Awida HA, Abozeed H. Evaluation and screening of mRNA S100A genes as serological biomarkers in different stages of bladder cancer in Egypt. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:4621-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4264-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
|
12
|
Bahnassy A, Mohanad M, Ismail MF, Shaarawy S, El-Bastawisy A, Zekri ARN. Molecular biomarkers for prediction of response to treatment and survival in triple negative breast cancer patients from Egypt. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 99:303-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
13
|
Ismail MF, Zarouk WA, Ruby MO, Mahmoud WM, Gad RS. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in Egyptian Turner Syndrome patients. Acta Biochim Pol 2015. [PMID: 26217949 DOI: 10.18388/abp.2015_974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate metabolism dysfunctions can result in DNA hypomethylation and abnormal chromosome segregation. Two common polymorphisms of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) encoding gene (C677T and A1298C) reduce MTHFR activity, but when associated with aneuploidy, the results are conflicting. Turner Syndrome (TS) is an interesting model for investigating the association between MTHFR gene polymorphisms and nondisjunction because of the high frequency of chromosomal mosaicism in this syndrome. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of MTHFR gene C677T and A1298C polymorphisms in TS patients and their mothers and to correlate these polymorphisms with maternal risk of TS offspring. SUBJECTS AND METHODS MTHFR C677T and A1298C polymorphisms were genotyped in 33 TS patients, their mothers and 15 healthy females with their mothers as controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing technique. RESULTS Genotype and allele frequencies of both C677T and A1298C were not significantly different between TS cases and controls. There were no significant differences in C677T genotype distribution between the TS mothers and controls (p=1). The MTHFR 1298AA and 1298AC genotypes were significantly increased in TS mothers Vs. control mothers (p=0.002). The C allele frequency of the A1298C polymorphism was significantly different between the TS mothers and controls (p=0.02). The association of A1298C gene polymorphism in TS patients was found to increase with increasing age of both mothers (p=0.026) and fathers (p=0.044) of TS cases. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a strong association between maternal MTHFR A1298C and risk of TS in Egypt.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manal F. Ismail
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Waheba A. Zarouk
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona O. Ruby
- Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael M. Mahmoud
- Department of Cytogenetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Randa S. Gad
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bahhnassy A, Mohanad M, Shaarawy S, Ismail MF, El-Bastawisy A, Ashmawy AM, Zekri AR. Transforming growth factor-β, insulin-like growth factor I/insulin-like growth factor I receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor-A: prognostic and predictive markers in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:851-64. [PMID: 25824321 PMCID: PMC4438878 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the current study, the prognostic and predictive values of serum transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)/IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) were evaluated in triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC and non-TNBC). The aim was to identify a group of serological biomarkers and to identify possible candidates for targeted therapy in patients with TNBC and non-TNBC. Protein levels of TGF-β1, IGF-I/IGF-IR and VEGF-A in the serum were measured in 43 TNBC, 53 non-TNBC and 20 normal control participants using quantitative ELISA assays. Results were correlated against standard prognostic factors, response to treatment and survival. TNBC was identified to be associated with poor prognosis and serum levels of VEGF-A and IGF/IGF-IR were significantly higher in the TNBC group compared with the non-TNBC group. IGF-IR and VEGF-A overexpression was observed to be correlated with TGF-β1 expression and all of the markers investigated were associated with metastasis and disease progression. In the multivariate analysis, VEGF-A, IGF-I and IGF-IR were observed to be independent predictors for overall survival, whereas TGF-β1 and lymph node status were identified as independent predictors for disease-free survival. The overall response rate was significantly lower in patients with TNBC and those with high levels of TGF-β1, IGF-I/IGF-IR and VEGF-A. In view of the present results, it was concluded that TGF-β1, IGF-I/IGF-IR and VEGF-A overexpression is associated with the presence of aggressive tumors, which exhibit an increased probability of metastasis, a poor response to treatment and reduced survival rate. This indicates that VEGF-A, IGF-IR and IGF-I have the potential to be used as surrogate biomarkers and are promising candidates for targeted therapy, particularly in patients with TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Bahhnassy
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Marwa Mohanad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Sabry Shaarawy
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Manal F Ismail
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Bastawisy
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Abeer M Ashmawy
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rahman Zekri
- Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo 11796, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ahmad H, Ismail MF, Hassan SNM, Ahmad F, Zulkifli MZ, Harun SW. Multiwall carbon nanotube polyvinyl alcohol-based saturable absorber in passively Q-switched fiber laser. Appl Opt 2014; 53:7025-7029. [PMID: 25402790 DOI: 10.1364/ao.53.007025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrated a compact Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser capable of generating high-energy pulses using a newly developed multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thin film based saturable absorber. Q-switched pulse operation is obtained by sandwiching the thin film between two fiber ferrules forming a saturable absorber. A saturable absorber with 1.25 wt. % of PVA concentration shows a consistency in generating pulsed laser with a good range of tunable repetition rate, shortest pulse width, and produces a high pulse energy and peak power. The pulse train generated has a maximum repetition rate of 29.9 kHz with a corresponding pulse width of 3.49 μs as a function of maximum pump power of 32.15 mW. The maximum average output power of the Q-switched fiber laser system is 1.49 mW, which translates to a pulse energy of 49.8 nJ. The proposed method of multiwall CNT/PVA thin film fabrication is low in cost and involves uncomplicated processes.
Collapse
|
16
|
Ahmad H, Razak NF, Zulkifli MZ, Ismail MF, Munajat Y, Harun SW. Tunable single Stokes extraction from 20 GHz Brillouin fiber laser using ultranarrow bandwidth optical filter. Appl Opt 2014; 53:6944-6949. [PMID: 25322403 DOI: 10.1364/ao.53.006944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The individual extraction of a Brillouin Stokes line from a 20 GHz comb generated from the compact configuration of a multiwavelength Brillouin fiber ring laser configuration has been achieved using an ultranarrow bandwidth (UNB) optical filter. The narrowest bandwidth transmission of a UNB optical filter that is 50 pm is used in order to get particular Stokes. The Stokes filtered is in the wavelength range of 1549.768-1551.016 nm. High SNR within the range of 54.97-11.73 dB with almost nil peak power loss being obtained was monitored by a 0.16 pm optical spectrum analyzer, giving convincing results. Relatively, the proposed configuration could provide wide tunability and narrow selection of the Brillouin Stokes.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mishra RK, Ramasamy K, Lim SM, Ismail MF, Majeed ABA. Antimicrobial and in vitro wound healing properties of novel clay based bionanocomposite films. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2014; 25:1925-1939. [PMID: 24831081 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5228-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigates the development of methyl cellulose (MC)-sodium alginate (SA)-montmorillonite (MMT) clay based bionanocomposite films with interesting wound healing properties. The differential scanning calorimetry analysis of the composite films revealed presence of single glass transition temperature (Tg) confirming the miscible nature of the ternary blended films. The increase in MMT ratio in the composite films reduced the mobility of biopolymer chains (MC/SA) which increased the Tg of the film. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that dispersion of clay (MMT) at nano level significantly delayed the weight loss that correlated with higher thermal stability of the composite films. It was observed that the developed films were able to exhibit antimicrobial activity against four typical pathogenic bacteria found in the presence of wound. The developed films were able to significantly inhibit (10 mg/ml) the growth of Enterococcus faecium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In vitro scratch assay indicated potential wound closure activities of MC-2-4 bionanocomposite films at their respective highest subtoxic doses. In conclusion, these ternary bionanocomposite films were found to be promising systems for wound healing applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R K Mishra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 42300, Bandar Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Meguid NA, Ismail MF, El-Mahdy RS, Barakat MA, El-Awady MK. Simple molecular diagnostic method for fragile X syndrome in Egyptian patients: pilot study. Acta Biochim Pol 2014; 61:259-263. [PMID: 24936518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor knowledge about Fragile X syndrome (FXS) may be a major barrier to early diagnosis that could improve quality of life and prognosis especially in the developing countries. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate simple and reproducible method for premutation detection in females of fragile X families for the first time in Egypt. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We have developed a rapid modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based screening tool for expanded Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) alleles. This method utilizes betaine as additive to facilitate FMR 1 gene amplification. We screened fifty three males, thirty two first-degree females; twenty normal healthy controls in addition to six reference samples. RESULTS Simple PCR method showed 16 males with abnormal CGG repeats, where 10 of their mothers and four sisters had FMR 1 premutation. Consanguineous marriage was present in 66.6% percent of the studied families. Studying the correlation between genotype and clinical manifestations showed premature ovarian failure in 40% and learning disability in 50% of the studied female carriers. CONCLUSION FXS has to be ruled out in families with consanguineous parents, before assuming that familial mental retardation is due to autosomal recessive gene defects. Early carrier detection may reduce the number of affected children. In conclusion, more studies are still needed of much larger sample size with known allele sizes in order to guarantee the accuracy of the method used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagwa A Meguid
- Department of Research on Children with Special Needs, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal F Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rasha S El-Mahdy
- Department of Research on Children with Special Needs, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maged A Barakat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa K El-Awady
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Meguid NA, Ismail MF, El-Mahdy RS, Barakat MA, El-Awady MK. Simple molecular diagnostic method for fragile X syndrome in Egyptian patients: pilot study. Acta Biochim Pol 2014. [DOI: 10.18388/abp.2014_1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Poor knowledge about Fragile X syndrome (FXS) may be a major barrier to early diagnosis that could improve quality of life and prognosis especially in the developing countries.
The aim of this study was to evaluate simple and reproducible method for premutation detection in females of fragile X families for the first time in Egypt.
We have developed a rapid modified polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based screening tool for expanded Fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) alleles. This method utilizes betaine as additive to facilitate FMR 1 gene amplification. We screened fifty three males, thirty two first-degree females; twenty normal healthy controls in addition to six reference samples.
Simple PCR method showed 16 males with abnormal CGG repeats, where 10 of their mothers and four sisters had FMR 1 premutation. Consanguineous marriage was present in 66.6% percent of the studied families. Studying the correlation between genotype and clinical manifestations showed premature ovarian failure in 40% and learning disability in 50% of the studied female carriers.
FXS has to be ruled out in families with consanguineous parents, before assuming that familial mental retardation is due to autosomal recessive gene defects. Early carrier detection may reduce the number of affected children. In conclusion, more studies are still needed of much larger sample size with known allele sizes in order to guarantee the accuracy of the method used.
Collapse
|
20
|
Ismail MF, Elnady HG, Fouda EM. Genetic variants in vitamin D pathway in Egyptian asthmatic children: a pilot study. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1659-64. [PMID: 24007655 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.08.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Asthma is a genetically heterogeneous disease. Genetic variants in vitamin D pathway have been reported to be involved with asthma risk. The study aimed to test whether vitamin D binding protein (VDBP or GC-group component) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms were associated with asthma characteristics as well as vitamin D level in Egyptian children. DESIGN AND METHODS The study included 51 asthmatic children and 33 healthy controls of matched sex and age. All participants were genotyped for two SNPs; GC (rs2282679) and VDR (rs2228570) using TaqMan allele discrimination assays. RESULTS Genotype distribution of GC and VDR showed a significant association with asthma (P = 0.02, P = 0.002). Children carrying the risk "G" allele for GC SNP are 2.22 times more prone to develop asthma [OR = 2.22, 95% CI (1.18-4.2)] whereas those carrying the risk "F" allele for VDR SNP are nearly twice and half times susceptible for asthma development [OR = 2.68, 95% CI (1.36-5.28)] than healthy individuals. For the GC SNP, homozygous children "GG" exhibited significant difference in pulmonary functions (FEV1, FEV1/FVC), asthma severity and asthma control, IgE and vitamin D levels compared to pooled cases of GT and TT genotypes. For the VDR SNP, no significant association between VDR variants and the tested characteristics except for the pulmonary functions where the FEV1/FVC in asthmatic children with "FF " genotype differ significantly from those carrying "Ff"genotype. CONCLUSION GC and VDR variants may be implicated in asthma susceptibility; hence, further larger studies are still needed to extrapolate our findings to the general population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manal F Ismail
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Eissa S, Shabayek MI, Ismail MF, El-Allawy RM, Hamdy MA. Diagnostic evaluation of apoptosis inhibitory gene and tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-2 in patients with bladder cancer. IUBMB Life 2010; 62:394-9. [PMID: 20408180 DOI: 10.1002/iub.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Bladder carcinoma is an important worldwide health problem. Both cystoscopy and urine cytology used in detecting bladder cancer suffer from drawbacks where cystoscopy is an invasive method and urine cytology shows low sensitivity in low-grade tumors. This study validates easier and less time-consuming techniques for the estimation of survivin and TIMP-2 in urine of bladder cancer patients to evaluate them in comparison with cytology. This study includes malignant (bladder cancer patients, n = 42), benign (patients with bilharzial cystitis, n = 22) and healthy (n = 21) groups. The studied groups were subjected to cystoscopic examination, detection of bilharzial antibodies, urine cytology, and estimation of urinary survivin by qualitative RT-nested PCR and TIMP-2 by ELISA. Significantly higher positivity rates of urinary survivin and TIMP-2 were observed in the malignant group compared with benign and healthy groups. On associating the two urinary markers with different clinicopathological factors, only TIMP-2 exerted significantly higher positivity rate in invasive stage (100%) than superficial stage (82.3%). Survivin showed 78.6% sensitivity, 95.3% specificity, 94.3% PPV, 82% NPV, and 87% accuracy. When combined with urine cytology, the sensitivity increased to 83.3%. While on applying the cutoff value of urinary TIMP-2 (< or =639.5 pg/mg protein), it showed 93% sensitivity, 83.7% specificity, 85% PPV, 92.3% NPV, and 88.2% accuracy. When combined with urine cytology, the TIMP-2 sensitivity remained 93%. On combining cytology with both urinary survivin and TIMP-2, the highest sensitivity was reached (98%). Survivin and TIMP-2 can be considered as potentially useful urine markers in early detection of bladder cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanaa Eissa
- Oncology diagnostic Unit, Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ismail MF, Aly MS, Khaled HM, Mohamed HM. Detection of HER-2/neu, c-myc amplification and p53 inactivation by FISH in Egyptian patients with breast cancer. Ger Med Sci 2009; 7:Doc03. [PMID: 19675743 PMCID: PMC2716551 DOI: 10.3205/000062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. The clinical course of this disease is highly variable and clinicians continuously search for prognostic parameters that can accurately predict prognosis, and indicate a suitable adjuvant therapy for each patient. Amplification of the two oncogenes HER-2/neu and c-myc and inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene p53 are frequently encountered in breast carcinomas. The purpose of this study was to use the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for the assessment of HER-2/neu and c-myc amplification and p53 inactivation and to relate these molecular markers with the commonly used clinical and pathological factors. The study was conducted on 34 tissue samples obtained from 33 females and 1 male with breast carcinomas and 17 samples obtained from 16 females and 1 male with benign breast lesions. Results revealed that the level of HER-2/neu, c-myc and p53 in the malignant group was significantly increased as compared to the benign group. On relating the level of the molecular markers to clinicopathological factors, p53 was significantly associated with increased patient’s age. The sensitivity of the investigated markers significantly increased with larger tumor size. Concerning tumor grade, HER-2/neu and p53 showed a significant increase in low-grade tumors whereas c-myc showed a highly significant increase in high-grade tumors. With regard to disease staging, HER-2/neu and c-myc were the only markers that showed significant increase at late stages of disease. p53 and HER-2/neu were significantly associated with positive lymph nodal status. A significant correlation was obtained between the levels of the three biomarkers to each other. Conclusively, the combination of HER-2/neu, c-myc and p53 can stratify patients into different risk groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manal F Ismail
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gad MZ, El-Sawalhi MM, Ismail MF, El-Tanbouly ND. Biochemical study of the anti-diabetic action of the Egyptian plants fenugreek and balanites. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 281:173-83. [PMID: 16328970 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-006-0996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2005] [Accepted: 07/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fenugreek and Balanites are two plants commonly used in Egyptian folk medicine as hypoglycemic agents. In the present study, the effects of 21 days oral administration of Fenugreek seed and Balanites fruit extracts (1.5 g/kg bw) on the liver and kidney glycogen content and on some key liver enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism in STZ-diabetic rats were studied. In addition, the effects of these two plant extracts on the intestinal alpha-amylase activity in vitro and starch digestion and absorption in vivo were also examined. Results indicated that single injection of STZ (50 mg/kg bw) caused 5-folds increase in the blood glucose level, 80% reduction in serum insulin level, 58% decrease in liver glycogen and 7-folds increase in kidney glycogen content as compared to the normal levels. The activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was markedly increased, whereas, the activities of both glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and phospho-fructokinase were significantly decreased in the diabetic rat liver. Administration of Fenugreek extract to STZ-diabetic rats reduced blood glucose level by 58%, restored liver glycogen content and significantly decreased kidney glycogen as well as liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity. Meanwhile, Balanites extract reduced blood glucose level by 24% and significantly decreased liver glucose-6-phosphatase activity in diabetic rats. On the other hand, our results demonstrated that both the Fenugreek and Balanites extracts were able to in vitro inhibit alpha-amylase activity in dose-dependent manner. Fenugreek was more potent inhibitor than Balanites. This inhibition was reversed by increasing substrate concentration in a pattern which complies well with the effect of competitive inhibitors. Furthermore, this in vitro inhibition was confirmed by in vivo suppression of starch digestion and absorption induced by both plant extracts in normal rats. These findings suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of Fenugreek and Balanites is mediated through insulinomimetic effect as well as inhibition of intestinal alpha-amylase activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Z Gad
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Experimental hypercholesterolemia and its modulation by some natural dietary supplements (pectin, garlic and ginseng) and by the drug gemfibrozil were studied. Experimental hypercholesterolemia was induced by feeding rabbits a 2% cholesterol-enriched diet for 28 days. Hypercholesterolemic rabbits were classified into five groups. One group did not receive treatments and served as a control hypercholesterolemic group. The other four groups were fed the cholesterol-enriched diet in conjunction with either 10% pectin, 2% garlic, 2% ginseng or 135 mg g-1 b.w gemfibrozil in a daily oral dose. A normal group of rabbits fed a plain chow diet was also included in the study. The hypolipidemic effect of the above treatments was examined by estimating serum triglycerides (TG), total-, LDL- and HDL-cholesterol. Post-heparin total and hepatic lipase activities were estimated in post-heparin plasma obtained 10 min after an intravenous injection of heparin (200 IU kg-1 b.w). In order to evaluate the antioxidant status of the rabbits, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) level and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. After killing, aorta from all rabbits were subjected to histopathological examination. Results of the study demonstrated that feeding the cholesterol-enriched diet caused a significant increase in total-, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol, plasma MDA and post-heparin total and hepatic lipase activities. On the other hand, serum TG and erythrocyte SOD were not changed. Histopathological examination revealed marked alteration in the aortic wall with the appearance of large multiple atheromatous plaques. Both garlic and pectin were successful in a significant reduction of the hypercholesterolemia in a way comparable to gemfibrozil. Garlic was the only treatment that has antilipid peroxidative property. Erythrocyte SOD activity was not affected by hypercholesterolemia or by any of the treatments. Also, none of the treatments were able to modify the significant elevation of post-heparin lipolytic activities associated with the hypercholesterolemia or to significantly affect the serum triglycerides level. Finally, among the hypercholesterolemic groups that received treatments, the least changes in the aortic wall were shown in the animals of the gemfibrozil group. Slight degeneration was observed in the aorta of animals treated with pectin or garlic. Ginseng administration failed to exert any significant protection from the remarkable hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerosis associated with the cholesterol- enriched diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M F Ismail
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo-Egypt-Kasr El-Aini St., Cairo, Egypt
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Sperm head differentiation in Mabuya quinquetaeniata agrees in the main features with that of Agama adramitana, Agama blandfordi, and Acanthodactylus boskianus. The development of subacrosomal lateral canals, the disappearance of translucent medulla, and the existence of unilateral dense acrosome are new findings of the present investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M F Ismail
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Dehlawi GY, Ismail MF, Hamdi SA, Jamjoom MB. Ultrastructure of spermiogenesis of Saudian reptiles. 6. The sperm head differentiation in Agama adramitana. Arch Androl 1992; 28:223-34. [PMID: 1530371 DOI: 10.3109/01485019208987701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In addition to the common features of spermiogenesis in Reptilia, new structures are seen in Agama adramitana that have not been described in previous studies. Two acrosomal granules are observed in the acrosomal vesicle. The posterior acrosomal granule differentiates as an anterior electron-dense material in the acrosome, and the anterior one forms a posterior translucent component of the acrosome. Also, the subacrosomal granule spreads in the subacrosomal space as a subacrosomal nuclear cap.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Y Dehlawi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Science Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudia Arabia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
N-Alkylidene- and
N-arylmethylene-aminophthalimides react with organomagnesium halides to give different
products depending upon the nature of the Grignard reagent. Thus the reaction
may proceed by addition of two moles of the reagent to give (2) or (3) or it
may proceed through addition and cleavage of the molecule to give phthalazin-1-ones
(5). These phthalazin-1-ones can also be obtained in much better yields by the
action of Grignard reagents on N- aminophthalimide. Structures are based on
infrared and ultraviolet spectra and the synthesis of authentic samples in some
cases.
Collapse
|