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Nasir A, Rehman MU, Khan T, Husn M, Khan M, Khan A, Nuh AM, Jiang W, Farooqi HMU, Bai Q. Advances in nanotechnology-assisted photodynamic therapy for neurological disorders: a comprehensive review. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2024; 52:84-103. [PMID: 38235991 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2024.2304814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Neurological disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases and nervous system tumours affect more than one billion people throughout the globe. The physiological sensitivity of the nervous tissue limits the application of invasive therapies and leads to poor treatment and prognosis. One promising solution that has generated attention is Photodynamic therapy (PDT), which can potentially revolutionise the treatment landscape for neurological disorders. PDT attracted substantial recognition for anticancer efficacy and drug conjugation for targeted drug delivery. This review thoroughly explained the basic principles of PDT, scientific interventions and advances in PDT, and their complicated mechanism in treating brain-related pathologies. Furthermore, the merits and demerits of PDT in the context of neurological disorders offer a well-rounded perspective on its feasibility and challenges. In conclusion, this review encapsulates the significant potential of PDT in transforming the treatment landscape for neurological disorders, emphasising its role as a non-invasive, targeted therapeutic approach with multifaceted applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Nasir
- Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Tamreez Khan
- Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Mansoor Husn
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Manzar Khan
- Department of Zoology, Hazara University Mansehra, Mansehra, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Khan
- Department of Psychology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abdifatah Mohamed Nuh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Qain Bai
- Medical Research Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Husn M, Amin Z, Ali Y, Kanwal L, Sabir K, Shah SA, Shah SF. Neuroprotective effects of vitamin B1 on memory impairment and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in traumatic brain injury. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2175-2184. [PMID: 37314619 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01245-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) remains one of the prevailing disorders that affect millions of people around the globe. There is a cascade of secondary attributes attached to TBI including excitotoxicity, axonal degeneration, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Neuroinflammation is caused due to the activation of microglia along with pro-inflammatory cytokines. The activation of microglia triggers TNF-α which sequentially results in the triggering and upregulation of NF-kB. The aim of the current research was to investigate vitamin B1's potential as neuroprotective agent against TBI-induced neuroinflammation arbitrated memory impairment together with pre- and post-synaptic dysfunction in an adult albino male mice model. TBI was induced using the weight-drop method which caused the microglial activation resulting in neuroinflammation along with synaptic dysfunction leading to the memory impairment of the adult mice. Vitamin B1 was administered for seven days via the intraperitoneal pathway. To analyze the memory impairment and efficacy of vitamin B1, Morris water maze and Y-maze tests were performed. The escape latency time and short-term memories of the experimental mice treated with vitamin B1 were significantly different from the reference mice. The western blot results showed that vitamin B1 has reduced neuroinflammation by downregulating proinflammatory cytokines (NFκ-B, TNF- α). Vitamin B1 also proved its worthiness as a convincing neuroprotective agent by reducing memory dysfunction and recovering the activities of pre- and post-synapse via upregulation of synaptophysin and Postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansoor Husn
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Neuro Molecular Medicine Research Center (NMMRC), Ring Road Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Zarnosh Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Neuro Molecular Medicine Research Center (NMMRC), Ring Road Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Yousaf Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Federal Government College Batkhela, FGEIs (C/G), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra National University Swat Campus, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Lubna Kanwal
- Atta Ur Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, 0000-0003-2618-3004, Pakistan
| | - Kehkashan Sabir
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Neuro Molecular Medicine Research Center (NMMRC), Ring Road Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Ali Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Neuro Molecular Medicine Research Center (NMMRC), Ring Road Peshawar, Pakistan
- Department of Biology The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Syed Farhan Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
- Neuro Molecular Medicine Research Center (NMMRC), Ring Road Peshawar, Pakistan
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