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Salazar-Orbea G, García-Villalba R, Bernal MJ, Hernández-Jiménez A, Egea JA, Tomás-Barberán FA, Sánchez-Siles LM. Effect of Storage Conditions on the Stability of Polyphenols of Apple and Strawberry Purees Produced at Industrial Scale by Different Processing Techniques. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:2541-2553. [PMID: 36706308 PMCID: PMC9912326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
During a food product's life, storage conditions affect its composition of nutrients, bioactive compounds, and sensory attributes. In this research, strawberry and apple purees were selected as a model to examine how the storage of various purees industrially produced with different technologies affect the bioactive phenolic compounds, color, and sensory attributes. Specifically, fruit products processed on an industrial scale by different technologies including freezing, thermal treatment (mild and standard), and high-pressure processing were studied, as well as storage for up to 12 months at -20, 4, and 24 °C. In strawberry puree, storage conditions had a stronger impact on phenolic compound levels, particularly on anthocyanins, whereas in apple puree, the initial processing techniques exerted a greater influence than storage conditions, mainly caused by the hot or cold crushing processes. In general, proanthocyanidins were the major phenolic group and the most stable during storage, while anthocyanins were the group most affected by both processing and storage. Apple flavonols and dihydrochalcones were quite stable, while strawberry ellagitannins suffered higher degradations during storage. Through our analysis, it is found that during storage, the stability of polyphenols in each fruit is different, and processing and storage can be either detrimental or even beneficial. The selection of the ideal storage conditions (time and temperature) is a key factor to maintaining the polyphenol content in sensitive fruits such as strawberries. However, storage conditions are in some cases more important to minimizing the polyphenol losses than how the product is processed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela
L. Salazar-Orbea
- Quality,
Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant-Derived Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Rocío García-Villalba
- Quality,
Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant-Derived Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María J. Bernal
- Research
and Nutrition Department, Hero Group, 30820 Alcantarilla, Spain
- Institute
for Research and Nutrition, Hero Group, 5600 Lenzburg, Switzerland
| | | | - Jose A. Egea
- Quality,
Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant-Derived Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán
- Quality,
Safety, and Bioactivity of Plant-Derived Foods, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura-Consejo
Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Luis M. Sánchez-Siles
- Research
and Nutrition Department, Hero Group, 30820 Alcantarilla, Spain
- Institute
for Research and Nutrition, Hero Group, 5600 Lenzburg, Switzerland
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Salazar-Orbea GL, García-Villalba R, Bernal MJ, Hernández A, Tomás-Barberán FA, Sánchez-Siles LM. Stability of phenolic compounds in apple and strawberry: Effect of different processing techniques in industrial set up. Food Chem 2023; 401:134099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Alvarez-Fernandez A, Bernal MJ, Fradejas I, Martin Ramírez A, Md Yusuf NA, Lanza M, Hisam S, Pérez de Ayala A, Rubio JM. KASP: a genotyping method to rapid identification of resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J 2021; 20:16. [PMID: 33407529 PMCID: PMC7789257 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03544-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence and spread of anti-malarial resistance continues to hinder malaria control. Plasmodium falciparum, the species that causes most human malaria cases and most deaths, has shown resistance to almost all known anti-malarials. This anti-malarial resistance arises from the development and subsequent expansion of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in specific parasite genes. A quick and cheap tool for the detection of drug resistance can be crucial and very useful for use in hospitals and in malaria control programmes. It has been demonstrated in different contexts that genotyping by Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR (KASP), is a simple, fast and economical method that allows a high-precision biallelic characterization of SNPs, hence its possible utility in the study of resistance in P. falciparum. METHODS Three SNPs involved in most cases of resistance to the most widespread anti-malarial treatments have been analysed by PCR plus sequencing and by KASP (C580Y of the Kelch13 gene, Y86N of the Pfmdr1 gene and M133I of the Pfcytb gene). A total of 113 P. falciparum positive samples and 24 negative samples, previously analysed by PCR and sequencing, were selected for this assay. Likewise, the samples were genotyped for the MSP-1 and MSP-2 genes, and the Multiplicity of Infection (MOI) and parasitaemia were measured to observe their possible influence on the KASP method. RESULTS The KASP results showed the same expected mutations and wild type genotypes as the reference method, with few exceptions that correlated with very low parasitaemia samples. In addition, two cases of heterozygotes that had not been detected by sequencing were found. No correlation was found between the MOI or parasitaemia and the KASP values of the sample. The reproducibility of the technique shows no oscillations between repetitions in any of the three SNPs analysed. CONCLUSIONS The KASP assays developed in this study were efficient and versatile for the determination of the Plasmodium genotypes related to resistance. The method is simple, fast, reproducible with low cost in personnel, material and equipment and scalable, being able to core KASP arrays, including numerous SNPs, to complete the main pattern of mutations associated to P. falciparum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alvarez-Fernandez
- Malaria & Parasitic Emerging Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Center, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Bernal
- Malaria & Parasitic Emerging Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Center, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Fradejas
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Universitario, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Martin Ramírez
- Malaria & Parasitic Emerging Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Center, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noor Azian Md Yusuf
- Parasitology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Setia Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Marta Lanza
- Malaria & Parasitic Emerging Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Center, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shamilah Hisam
- Parasitology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institute of Health, Setia Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ana Pérez de Ayala
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Universitario, 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Rubio
- Malaria & Parasitic Emerging Diseases Laboratory, National Microbiology Center, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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Gómez-Gallego C, Recio I, Gómez-Gómez V, Ortuño I, Bernal MJ, Ros G, Periago MJ. Effect of processing on polyamine content and bioactive peptides released after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of infant formulas. J Dairy Sci 2015; 99:924-932. [PMID: 26686732 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2015-10030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the influence of processing on polyamines and peptide release after the digestion of a commercial infant formula designed for children during the first months of life. Polyamine oxidase activity was not suppressed during the manufacturing process, which implicates that polyamine concentrations were reduced over time and during infant formula self-life. In gel electrophoresis, in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of samples with reduced amount of enzymes and time of digestion shows an increase in protein digestibility, reflected in the increase in nonprotein nitrogen after digestion and the disappearance of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin bands in gel electrophoresis. Depending on the sample, between 22 and 87 peptides were identified after gastrointestinal digestion. A peptide from β-casein f(98-105) with the sequence VKEAMAPK and antioxidant activity appeared in all of the samples. Other peptides with antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and antimicrobial activities were frequently found, which could have an effect on infant health. The present study confirms that the infant formula manufacturing process determines the polyamine content and peptidic profile after digestion of the infant formula. Because compositional dissimilarity between human milk and infant formula in polyamines and proteins could be responsible for some of the differences in health reported between breast-fed and formula-fed children, these changes must be taken into consideration because they may have a great effect on infant nutrition and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Gómez-Gallego
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30071, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain.
| | - I Recio
- Department of Food Analysis and Bioactivity, Institute of Food Science, Spanish National Research Council (CIAL-CSIC), 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Gómez-Gómez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30071, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
| | - I Ortuño
- Research and Development Department, Hero Spain S.A., 30820, Alcantarilla, Spain
| | - M J Bernal
- Research and Development Department, Hero Spain S.A., 30820, Alcantarilla, Spain
| | - G Ros
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30071, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
| | - M J Periago
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30071, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Bernal
- Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50009, Spain
| | - Marta Martín
- Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50009, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sola
- Instituto de Síntesis
Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza E-50009, Spain
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Bernal
- Instituto
de Sı́ntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea
(ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Olga Torres
- Instituto
de Sı́ntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea
(ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Marta Martı́n
- Instituto
de Sı́ntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea
(ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sola
- Instituto
de Sı́ntesis Quı́mica y Catálisis Homogénea
(ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Gómez-Gallego C, Collado MC, Ilo T, Jaakkola UM, Bernal MJ, Periago MJ, Salminen S, Ros G, Frias R. Infant formula supplemented with polyamines alters the intestinal microbiota in neonatal BALB/cOlaHsd mice. J Nutr Biochem 2012; 23:1508-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2011.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 09/26/2011] [Accepted: 10/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Bermudez-Brito M, Muñoz-Quezada S, Gomez-Llorente C, Matencio E, Bernal MJ, Romero F, Gil A. Human intestinal dendritic cells decrease cytokine release against Salmonella infection in the presence of Lactobacillus paracasei upon TLR activation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43197. [PMID: 22905233 PMCID: PMC3419202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria have been shown to modulate immune responses and could have therapeutic effects in allergic and inflammatory disorders. However, little is known about the signalling pathways that are engaged by probiotics. Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that are involved in immunity and tolerance. Monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) and murine DCs are different from human gut DCs; therefore, in this study, we used human DCs generated from CD34+ progenitor cells (hematopoietic stem cells) harvested from umbilical cord blood; those DCs exhibited surface antigens of dendritic Langerhans cells, similar to the lamina propria DCs in the gut. We report that both a novel probiotic strain isolated from faeces of exclusively breast-fed newborn infants, Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034, and its cell-free culture supernatant (CFS) decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human intestinal DCs challenged with Salmonella. Interestingly, the supernatant was as effective as the bacteria in reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. In contrast, the bacterium was a potent inducer of TGF-β2 secretion, whereas the supernatant increased the secretion of TGF-β1 in response to Salmonella. We also showed that both the bacteria and its supernatant enhanced innate immunity through the activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling. These treatments strongly induced the transcription of the TLR9 gene. In addition, upregulation of the CASP8 and TOLLIP genes was observed. This work demonstrates that L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 enhanced innate immune responses, as evidenced by the activation of TLR signalling and the downregulation of a broad array of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The use of supernatants like the one described in this paper could be an effective and safe alternative to using live bacteria in functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bermudez-Brito
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Muñoz-Quezada
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Carolina Gomez-Llorente
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Matencio
- Hero Institute for Infant Nutrition, Hero Spain, Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - María J. Bernal
- Hero Institute for Infant Nutrition, Hero Spain, Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Romero
- Hero Institute for Infant Nutrition, Hero Spain, Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology José Mataix, Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Olivares AB, Bernal MJ, Ros G, Martínez C, Periago MJ. [Quality of data on folic acid content in vegetables included in several Spanish Food Composition Tables and new data on their folate content]. NUTR HOSP 2006; 21:97-108. [PMID: 16562820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between adequate folate intake, adequate serum levels, and lowering the risk of suffering from cardiovascular diseases, neural tube defects, neural illness and some kind of cancers have been widely studied. Because of the expected health benefits, the consumption of foods with high folate content or enriched foods is increasing. Therefore, an adequate folate intake is important in order to reach acceptable serum levels. Reliable food composition data are necessary in order to evaluate and estimate the populations folate intake, elaborate diets and formulate recommended dietary intakes. For this reason, we revised folic acid data in Spanish Food Composition Tables (FCT). The quality of the data was evaluated and compared with other well-known international Food Composition Tables as well as with a high-resolution liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) validated in our laboratory. We evaluated all data about folate content, as well as all the information given like data origin, analytical method, sampling or original database. For the HPLC method, the food samples were incubated with hog kidney conjugase. After that, the samples were purified and concentrated by strong anion exchange (SAX), then the folate content was quantified by HPLC with a combination of two ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors. The evaluation and comparison of data was established according to some parameters, which define the quality of data, giving punctuation depending on the compliance with these parameters. The study of different sources showed that nutrients were different in definition, analysis method, units and expression of data, and that this fact could have a potential influence on TCA data values. In addition, it has been possible to show a wide variation in food number, name of these foods as well as the analysis of raw or cooked products with different composition. When the quality conditions were tested, the Spanish FCT had the lowest punctuation in folate content data. That is because the Spanish FCT did not use a validated method to quantify folic acid in foods (Direct method of FCT elaboration), but they used folate content data from others FCT (Indirect method of FCT elaboration). These data manifest the importance of getting a consensus method to determine folate content in foods with the aim to obtain a FCT with reliable folate data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Olivares
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Departamento de Tecnología de los Alimentos, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de Murcia, Espinardo, España
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Sánchez A, Bernal MJ, Riveiro JM. Multiparticle aggregation model for dendritic growth applied to experiments on amorphous Co-P alloys. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1994; 50:2427-2430. [PMID: 9962274 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.r2427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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