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Batista ES, da Silva Rios T, Muñoz VR, Jesus JS, Vasconcelos MM, da Cunha DT, Marques-Rocha JL, Nakandakari SCBR, Lara R, da Silva ASR, Pauli JR, Ropelle ER, Mekary RA, de Moura LP, Camargo EA, Cintra DE. Omega-3 mechanism of action in inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in mononuclear cells from overweight non-alcoholic fatty liver disease participants: study protocol for the "Brazilian Omega Study" (BROS)-a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2021; 22:927. [PMID: 34922604 PMCID: PMC8684080 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05702-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract The low-grade inflammation is pivotal in obesity and its comorbidities; however, the inflammatory proteins are out of target for traditional drug therapy. Omega-3 (ω3) fatty acids can modulate the downstream signaling of Toll-like receptor (TLR) and tumor necrosis factor-α receptor (TNFα) through GPR120, a G-protein-coupled receptor, a mechanism not yet elucidated in humans. This work aims to investigate if the ω3 supplementation, at a feasible level below the previously recommended level in the literature, is enough to disrupt the inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER-stress), and also if in acute treatment (3 h) ω3 can activate the GPR120 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and leukocytes from overweight non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) participants. The R270H variant of the Ffar4 (GPR120 gene) will also be explored about molecular responses and blood lipid profiles. A triple-blind, prospective clinical trial will be conducted in overweight men and women, aged 19–75 years, randomized into placebo or supplemented (2.2 g of ω3 [EPA+DHA]) groups for 28 days. For sample calculation, it was considered the variation of TNFα protein and a 40% dropout rate, obtaining 22 individuals in each group. Volunteers will be recruited among patients with NAFLD diagnosis. Anthropometric parameters, food intake, physical activity, total serum lipids, complete fatty acid blood profile, and glycemia will be evaluated pre- and post-supplementation. In the PBMC and neutrophils, the protein content and gene expression of markers related to inflammation (TNFα, MCP1, IL1β, IL6, IL10, JNK, and TAK1), ER-stress (ATF1, ATF6, IRE1, XBP1, CHOP, eIF2α, eIF4, HSP), and ω3 pathway (GPR120, β-arrestin2, Tab1/2, and TAK1) will be evaluated using Western blot and RT-qPCR. Participants will be genotyped for the R270H (rs116454156) variant using the TaqMan assay. It is hypothesized that attenuation of inflammation and ER-stress signaling pathways in overweight and NAFLD participants will be achieved through ω3 supplementation through binding to the GPR120 receptor. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov #RBR-7x8tbx. Registered on May 10, 2018, with the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-021-05702-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellencristina Silva Batista
- Graduate Program of Health Sciences (PPGCS), Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.,Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria, 1300 Zip, Limeira, 13484-350, Brazil.,Nutrition Department, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil.,Lipids and Nutrigenomics Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Thaiane da Silva Rios
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria, 1300 Zip, Limeira, 13484-350, Brazil.,Lipids and Nutrigenomics Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
- Lipids and Nutrigenomics Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Joyce Santos Jesus
- Nutrition Department, Federal University of Sergipe, Lagarto, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Diogo Thimóteo da Cunha
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Jose Luis Marques-Rocha
- Department of Integrated Health Education, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Susana Castelo Branco Ramos Nakandakari
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria, 1300 Zip, Limeira, 13484-350, Brazil.,Lipids and Nutrigenomics Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Roberta Lara
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria, 1300 Zip, Limeira, 13484-350, Brazil
| | - Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Rodrigo Pauli
- Lipids and Nutrigenomics Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Rochete Ropelle
- Lipids and Nutrigenomics Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Rania Angelina Mekary
- Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences (MCPHS) University, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leandro Pereira de Moura
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil
| | | | - Dennys Esper Cintra
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Pedro Zaccaria, 1300 Zip, Limeira, 13484-350, Brazil. .,Lipids and Nutrigenomics Research Center, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, Brazil.
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Aguiar Filho AS, Lopes Neto EPA, Sarinho ESC, Vasconcelos MM, Accioly LS, Leão MJCC, Lima DST, Wirtsbiki PM. [Asthma concepts and epidemiological tools for prevalence researches]. Rev Port Pneumol 2004; 10:319-29. [PMID: 15492877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma, as a multifatorial disease, with high prevalence and frequent recurrence, attack people, independently of age, sex and geographical area. Because of lack of consensus about the definition of asthma, many questionnaires have been developed to standardize epidemiological criteria of suspicion and diagnosis. Among them, the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) is an important tool for prevalence studies on adults aged from 20 to 44 years old, that represented a methodological improvement of epidemiological surveys, turning them comparable about time and place. The objectives of this article are to comment the evolution of asthma concepts and its repercussion on epidemiological surveys, as well as to chronicle the tools used on these surveys, emphasizing the importance of ECRHS and presenting epidemiological data of asthma on 351 universitary hospital servers at Recife City -- Pernambuco -- Brazil.
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