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Tseilikman V, Komelkova M, Kondashevskaya MV, Manukhina E, Downey HF, Chereshnev V, Chereshneva M, Platkovskii P, Goryacheva A, Pashkov A, Fedotova J, Tseilikman O, Maltseva N, Cherkasova O, Steenblock C, Bornstein SR, Ettrich B, Chrousos GP, Ullmann E. A Rat Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Syndrome Causes Phenotype-Associated Morphological Changes and Hypofunction of the Adrenal Gland. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413235. [PMID: 34948031 PMCID: PMC8705403 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rats exposed to chronic predator scent stress mimic the phenotype of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in humans, including altered adrenal morphology and function. High- and low-anxiety phenotypes have been described in rats exposed to predator scent stress (PSS). This study aimed to determine whether these high- and low-anxiety phenotypes correlate with changes in adrenal histomorphology and corticosteroid production. Methods: Rats were exposed to PSS for ten days. Thirty days later, the rats’ anxiety index (AI) was assessed with an elevated plus-maze test. Based on differences in AI, the rats were segregated into low- (AI ≤ 0.8, n = 9) and high- (AI > 0.8, n = 10) anxiety phenotypes. Plasma corticosterone (CORT) concentrations were measured by ELISA. Adrenal CORT, desoxyCORT, and 11-dehydroCORT were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. After staining with hematoxylin and eosin, adrenal histomorphometric changes were evaluated by measuring the thickness of the functional zones of the adrenal cortex. Results: Decreased plasma CORT concentrations, as well as decreased adrenal CORT, desoxyCORT and 11-dehydroCORT concentrations, were observed in high- but not in low-anxiety phenotypes. These decreases were associated with increases in AI. PSS led to a significant decrease in the thickness of the zona fasciculata and an increase in the thickness of the zona intermedia. The increase in the thickness of the zona intermedia was more pronounced in low-anxiety than in high-anxiety rats. A decrease in the adrenal capsule thickness was observed only in low-anxiety rats. The nucleus diameter of cells in the zona fasciculata of high-anxiety rats was significantly smaller than that of control or low-anxiety rats. Conclusion: Phenotype-associated changes in adrenal function and histomorphology were observed in a rat model of complex post-traumatic stress disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Tseilikman
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
| | - Maria Komelkova
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (V.C.); (M.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Chelyabinsk State University, 454001 Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Marina V. Kondashevskaya
- Laboratory for Immunomorphology of Inflammation, Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Eugenia Manukhina
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
- Laboratory for Regulatory Mechanisms of Stress and Adaptation, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - H. Fred Downey
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Valerii Chereshnev
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (V.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Margarita Chereshneva
- Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 620049 Ekaterinburg, Russia; (V.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Pavel Platkovskii
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
| | - Anna Goryacheva
- Laboratory for Regulatory Mechanisms of Stress and Adaptation, Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 125315 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anton Pashkov
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
| | - Julia Fedotova
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, I.P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology RAS, 6 Emb. Makarova, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
- International Research Centre “Biotechnologies of the Third Millennium”, ITMO University, 191002 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Tseilikman
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
| | - Natalya Maltseva
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
| | - Olga Cherkasova
- Biophysics Laboratory, Institute of Laser Physics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Charlotte Steenblock
- Department of Medicine, Technical University of Dresden, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (C.S.); (S.R.B.)
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Department of Medicine, Technical University of Dresden, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (C.S.); (S.R.B.)
- Rayne Institute, Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, Kings College London, London SE5 9PJ, UK
| | - Barbara Ettrich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - George P. Chrousos
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
- University Research Institute of Maternal and Child Health and Precision Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Enrico Ullmann
- School of Medical Biology, South Ural State University, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia; (V.T.); (M.K.); (E.M.); (H.F.D.); (P.P.); (A.P.); (O.T.); (N.M.); (G.P.C.)
- Department of Medicine, Technical University of Dresden, 01309 Dresden, Germany; (C.S.); (S.R.B.)
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence:
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Danilova I, Medvedeva S, Shmakova S, Chereshneva M, Sarapultsev A, Sarapultsev P. Pathological changes in the cellular structures of retina and choroidea in the early stages of alloxan-induced diabetes. World J Diabetes 2018; 9:239-251. [PMID: 30588286 PMCID: PMC6304297 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v9.i12.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the temporal sequence of pathological changes in the cellular structures of retina and choroidea in the early stages of diabetes in laboratory animals.
METHODS Experimental type 1 diabetes was modeled by three intraperitoneal injections of an alloxan solution into 30 male nonlinear rats at 16 wk of age. The 30th and 60th days from the final alloxan injection were chosen as the endpoints. Light and electron microscopy and morphometric and immunohistochemical studies were performed on histological slices of eyeballs from experimental animals.
RESULTS Diabetic disturbances progressed to 60 d of the experiment. Thus, in the retina, a partial destruction of photoreceptors accompanied by interstitial edema was observed. The morphometric analysis revealed a reduction in the thickness of the retina. A reduction in the number of blood vessels of the choroid with disturbances of the endothelial cells and the vascular walls and a persistent reduction in the number of melanocytes were observed. The number of proliferating Ki-67 positive cells decreased, and the number of macrophages increased with diabetes development.
CONCLUSION The starting point in the development of destructive changes involves early reduction in the number of melanocytes of the choroidea and alterations in the retinal pigment epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Danilova
- Department of Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University Named After the First Pres. of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Laboratory of Morphology and Biochemistry, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Svetlana Medvedeva
- Department of Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University Named After the First Pres. of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Laboratory of Morphology and Biochemistry, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Svetlana Shmakova
- Department of Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University Named After the First Pres. of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Laboratory of Morphology and Biochemistry, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Margarita Chereshneva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology and Immunopharmacology, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Alexey Sarapultsev
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University Named After the First Pres. of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Laboratory of Immunophatophysiology, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
| | - Petr Sarapultsev
- Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University Named After the First Pres. of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Ekaterinburg 620002, Russia
- Laboratory of Immunophatophysiology, Institute of Immunology and Physiology, Ural Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg 620049, Russia
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Watson X, Chereshneva M, Odor PM, Chis Ster I, Cecconi M. Adoption of Lung Protective ventilation IN patients undergoing Emergency laparotomy: the ALPINE study. A prospective multicentre observational study. Br J Anaesth 2018; 121:909-917. [PMID: 30236253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emergency abdominal surgery is associated with a high risk of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). The primary aim of this study was to determine whether patients undergoing emergency laparotomy are ventilated using a lung-protective ventilation strategy employing tidal volume ≤8 ml kg-1 ideal body weight-1, PEEP >5 cm H2O, and recruitment manoeuvres. The secondary aim was to investigate the association between ventilation factors (lung-protective ventilation strategy, intraoperative FiO2, and peak inspiratory pressure) and the occurrence of PPCs. METHODS Data were collected prospectively in 28 hospitals across London as part of routine National Emergency Laparotomy Audit (NELA). Patients were followed for 7 days. Complications were defined according to the European Perioperative Clinical Outcome definition. RESULTS Data were collected from 568 patients. The median [inter-quartile range (IQR)] tidal volume observed was 500 ml (450-540 ml), corresponding to a median tidal volume of 8 ml kg-1 ideal body weight-1 (IQR: 7.2-9.1 ml). A lung-protective ventilation strategy was employed in 4.9% (28/568) of patients, and was not protective against the occurrence of PPCs in the multivariable analysis (hazard ratio=1.06; P=0.69). Peak inspiratory pressure of <30 cm H2O was protective against development of PPCs (hazard ratio=0.46; confidence interval: 0.30-0.72; P=0.001). Median FiO2 was 0.5 (IQR: 0.44-0.53), and an increase in FiO2 by 5% increased the risk of developing a PPC by 8% (2.6-14.1%; P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS Both intraoperative peak inspiratory pressure and FiO2 are independent factors significantly associated with development of a postoperative pulmonary complication in emergency laparotomy patients. Further studies are required to identify causality and to demonstrate if their manipulation could lead to better clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Watson
- Adult Critical Care Directorate and Department of Anaesthesia, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St George's University of London, London, UK.
| | - M Chereshneva
- Department of Anaesthesia, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, Surrey, UK
| | - P M Odor
- Department of Anaesthesia, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - I Chis Ster
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, St George's University of London, London, UK
| | | | - M Cecconi
- Adult Critical Care Directorate and Department of Anaesthesia, St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, St George's University of London, London, UK
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