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Mayorgas A, Dotti I, Martínez-Picola M, Esteller M, Bonet-Rossinyol Q, Ricart E, Salas A, Martínez-Medina M. A Novel Strategy to Study the Invasive Capability of Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli by Using Human Primary Organoid-Derived Epithelial Monolayers. Front Immunol 2021; 12:646906. [PMID: 33854511 PMCID: PMC8039293 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.646906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decades, Adherent-Invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) has been linked to the pathogenesis of Crohn’s Disease. AIEC’s characteristics, as well as its interaction with the gut immune system and its role in intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction, have been extensively studied. Nevertheless, the currently available techniques to investigate the cross-talk between this pathogen and intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are based on the infection of immortalized cell lines. Despite their many advantages, cell lines cannot reproduce the conditions in tissues, nor do they reflect interindividual variability or gut location-specific traits. In that sense, the use of human primary cultures, either healthy or diseased, offers a system that can overcome all of these limitations. Here, we developed a new infection model by using freshly isolated human IECs. For the first time, we generated and infected monolayer cultures derived from human colonic organoids to study the mechanisms and effects of AIEC adherence and invasion on primary human epithelial cells. To establish the optimal conditions for AIEC invasion studies in human primary organoid-derived epithelial monolayers, we designed an infection-kinetics study to assess the infection dynamics at different time points, as well as with two multiplicities of infection (MOI). Overall, this method provides a model for the study of host response to AIEC infections, as well as for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in adhesion, invasion and intracellular replication. Therefore, it represents a promising tool for elucidating the cross-talk between AIEC and the intestinal epithelium in healthy and diseased tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Mayorgas
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBER-EHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabella Dotti
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBER-EHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez-Picola
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBER-EHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Esteller
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBER-EHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Queralt Bonet-Rossinyol
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Biology, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Elena Ricart
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBER-EHD, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Azucena Salas
- Department of Gastroenterology, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, CIBER-EHD, Barcelona, Spain
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Vila J, Sáez-López E, Johnson JR, Römling U, Dobrindt U, Cantón R, Giske CG, Naas T, Carattoli A, Martínez-Medina M, Bosch J, Retamar P, Rodríguez-Baño J, Baquero F, Soto SM. Escherichia coli: an old friend with new tidings. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 40:437-463. [PMID: 28201713 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuw005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the most-studied microorganisms worldwide but its characteristics are continually changing. Extraintestinal E. coli infections, such as urinary tract infections and neonatal sepsis, represent a huge public health problem. They are caused mainly by specialized extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains that can innocuously colonize human hosts but can also cause disease upon entering a normally sterile body site. The virulence capability of such strains is determined by a combination of distinctive accessory traits, called virulence factors, in conjunction with their distinctive phylogenetic background. It is conceivable that by developing interventions against the most successful ExPEC lineages or their key virulence/colonization factors the associated burden of disease and health care costs could foreseeably be reduced in the future. On the other hand, one important problem worldwide is the increase of antimicrobial resistance shown by bacteria. As underscored in the last WHO global report, within a wide range of infectious agents including E. coli, antimicrobial resistance has reached an extremely worrisome situation that ‘threatens the achievements of modern medicine’. In the present review, an update of the knowledge about the pathogenicity, antimicrobial resistance and clinical aspects of this ‘old friend’ was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vila
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - E Sáez-López
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J R Johnson
- VA Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN, USA, and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - U Römling
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - U Dobrindt
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - R Cantón
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - C G Giske
- Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Naas
- Hôpital de Bicêtre, Université Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - A Carattoli
- Department of infectious, parasitic and immune-mediated diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - M Martínez-Medina
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - J Bosch
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Hospital Clinic, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Retamar
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - J Rodríguez-Baño
- Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiología y Medicina Preventiva, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen Macarena y Virgen del Rocío, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Baquero
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal and Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - S M Soto
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Ctr. Int. Health Res. (CRESIB), Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Balfegó M, Canivell S, Hanzu FA, Sala-Vila A, Martínez-Medina M, Murillo S, Mur T, Ruano EG, Linares F, Porras N, Valladares S, Fontalba M, Roura E, Novials A, Hernández C, Aranda G, Sisó-Almirall A, Rojo-Martínez G, Simó R, Gomis R. Effects of sardine-enriched diet on metabolic control, inflammation and gut microbiota in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes: a pilot randomized trial. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:78. [PMID: 27090218 PMCID: PMC4836051 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nutrition therapy is the cornerstone of treating diabetes mellitus. The inclusion of fish (particularly oily fish) at least two times per week is recommended by current international dietary guidelines for type 2 diabetes. In contrast to a large number of human studies examining the effects of oily fish on different cardiovascular risk factors, little research on this topic is available in patients with type 2 diabetes. The aims of this pilot study were to investigate the effects of a sardine-enriched diet on metabolic control, adiponectin, inflammatory markers, erythrocyte membrane fatty acid (EMFA) composition, and gut microbiota in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS 35 drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes were randomized to follow either a type 2 diabetes standard diet (control group: CG), or a standard diet enriched with 100 g of sardines 5 days a week (sardine group: SG) for 6 months. Anthropometric, dietary information, fasting glycated hemoglobin, glucose, insulin, adiponectin, inflammatory markers, EMFA and specific bacterial strains were determined before and after intervention. RESULTS There were no significant differences in glycemic control between groups at the end of the study. Both groups decreased plasma insulin (SG: -35.3%, P = 0.01, CG: -22.6%, P = 0.02) and homeostasis model of assessment--insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (SG: -39.2%, P = 0.007, CG: -21.8%, P = 0.04) at 6-months from baseline. However only SG increased adiponectin in plasma compared to baseline level (+40.7%, P = 0.04). The omega-3 index increased 2.6% in the SG compared to 0.6% in the CG (P = 0.001). Both dietary interventions decreased phylum Firmicutes (SG and CG: P = 0.04) and increased E. coli concentrations (SG: P = 0.01, CG: P = 0.03) at the end of the study from baseline, whereas SG decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P = 0.04) and increased Bacteroides-Prevotella (P = 0.004) compared to baseline. CONCLUSIONS Although enriching diet with 100 g of sardines 5 days a week during 6 months to a type 2 diabetes standard diet seems to have neutral effects on glycemic control in drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes, this nutritional intervention could have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk. Furthermore, both dietary interventions decreased HOMA-IR and altered gut microbiota composition of drug-naïve patients with type 2 diabetes. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial number and name of the registry: NCT02294526, ClinicalTrials.gov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Balfegó
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain. .,Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), c/ Roselló 149 planta 5, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Canivell
- Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), c/ Roselló 149 planta 5, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Les Corts Primary Health Care Center, Tranverse Group for Research in Primary Care, IDIBAPS, c/ Mejia Lequerica s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Present address: Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Departement de Endocrinologie, Rue Saint-Martin 3, CH-1003, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Felicia A Hanzu
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, c/Villarroel 170 Escala 11 planta 2, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,University of Barcelona, Facultat de Medicina, c/ Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Sala-Vila
- CIBER in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), c/Villarroel 170, Edifici Helios, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Martínez-Medina
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Biology Department, University of Girona, Av. Montilivi s/n, E-17071, Girona, Spain
| | - Serafín Murillo
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), c/ Roselló 149 planta 5, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Mur
- Terrassa Sud Primary Health Care Center, Mútua de Terrassa, Av. Santa Eulàlia s/n, 08223, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena G Ruano
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), c/ Roselló 149 planta 5, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francisca Linares
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Carlos Haya, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza Hospital Civil s/n Sótano Pabellón 1, 29009, Málaga, Spain
| | - Nuria Porras
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Carlos Haya, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza Hospital Civil s/n Sótano Pabellón 1, 29009, Málaga, Spain
| | - Silvia Valladares
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Vall d'Hebrón Research Institute and Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. de la Vall d'Hebrón 119-129 planta 8, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Fontalba
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Carlos Haya, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza Hospital Civil s/n Sótano Pabellón 1, 29009, Málaga, Spain
| | - Elena Roura
- Alicia Foundation, Camí Sant Benet, 08272 Sant Fruitós de Bages, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Novials
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), c/ Roselló 149 planta 5, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, c/Villarroel 170 Escala 11 planta 2, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Hernández
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Vall d'Hebrón Research Institute and Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. de la Vall d'Hebrón 119-129 planta 8, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gloria Aranda
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, c/Villarroel 170 Escala 11 planta 2, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Sisó-Almirall
- Les Corts Primary Health Care Center, Tranverse Group for Research in Primary Care, IDIBAPS, c/ Mejia Lequerica s/n, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,University of Barcelona, Facultat de Medicina, c/ Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gemma Rojo-Martínez
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Carlos Haya, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Plaza Hospital Civil s/n Sótano Pabellón 1, 29009, Málaga, Spain
| | - Rafael Simó
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Vall d'Hebrón Research Institute and Autonomous University of Barcelona, Pg. de la Vall d'Hebrón 119-129 planta 8, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Gomis
- CIBER in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM), c/ Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabellón 11 planta 0, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Diabetes and Obesity Research Laboratory, August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), c/ Roselló 149 planta 5, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, c/Villarroel 170 Escala 11 planta 2, 08036, Barcelona, Spain.,University of Barcelona, Facultat de Medicina, c/ Casanova 143, 08036, Barcelona, Spain
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Busquets D, Mas-de-Xaxars T, López-Siles M, Martínez-Medina M, Bahí A, Sàbat M, Louvriex R, Miquel-Cusachs JO, Garcia-Gil JL, Aldeguer X. Anti-tumour Necrosis Factor Treatment with Adalimumab Induces Changes in the Microbiota of Crohn's Disease. J Crohns Colitis 2015; 9:899-906. [PMID: 26142465 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The composition of the intestinal microbiota is altered in Crohn's disease [CD] patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative changes in the microbiota of CD patients in 3 months of treatment with adalimumab [ADA], and determine whether or not these changes are produced towards the recovery of the normal, healthy-like microbiota. METHODS The microbiota composition, and the Faecalibacterium prausnitzii / Escherichia coli quantitative relationship as dysbiosis indicator, were studied at baseline [T0], one month [T1], and 3 months [T3] after starting treatment using a polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis [PCR-DGGE] of 16S rRNA gene fragments and quantitative PCR, respectively, in rectal mucosal biopsies from 15 CD patients and four healthy subjects. RESULTS T0 and T3 fingerprints were different in all patients; whereas T1 and T3 presented similar patterns. Recovered phylogroups were Firmicutes [79.1%], Bacteroides [12.5%], and Actinobacteria [6.25%]. The prevalence of E. coli decreased during treatment. Relative E. coli loads in CD samples were significantly reduced at every analysed step [T1 and T3] [p < 0.005] whereas no significant changes were observed in relative F. prausnitzii counts. CONCLUSION Treatment with ADA induces short-term changes in the microbiota composition which seem to parallel the partial recovery of the gut bacterial ecology, with recovery parameters tending to eubiosis recovery. The quantitative determination of dysbiosis-representative bacteria, such as E. coli, may provide a fast and reliable indicator of the healing state of the intestinal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Busquets
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Teresa Mas-de-Xaxars
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mireia López-Siles
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Anna Bahí
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miriam Sàbat
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Santa Caterina, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - René Louvriex
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Jesus L Garcia-Gil
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Department of Biology, University of Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Aldeguer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hospital Dr. Josep Trueta, Girona, Catalonia, Spain
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