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Chovelon B, Ranganathan V, Srinivasan S, McConnell EM, Faure P, Fiore E, Ravelet C, Peyrin E, DeRosa M. Noncompetitive Determination of Small Analytes by Sandwich-Type Lateral Flow Assay Based on an Aptamer Kissing Complex. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6875-6880. [PMID: 38651263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Here, we present the proof-of-concept of a lateral flow assay (LFA) that is capable of detecting small-molecule targets in a noncompetitive manner by deploying a sandwich-type format based on the aptamer kissing complex (AKC) strategy. A fluorescently labeled hairpin aptamer served as the signaling agent, while a specific RNA hairpin grafted onto the strip served as the capture element. The hairpin aptamer switched from an unfolded to a folded form in the presence of the target, resulting in kissing interactions between the loops of the reporter and the capture agents. This design triggered a target-dependent fluorescent signal at the test line. The AKC-based LFA was developed for the detection of adenosine, achieving a detection limit in the micromolar range. The assay revealed the presence of the same analyte in urine. The method also proved effective with another small molecule (theophylline). We believe that the AKC-based LFA approach could overcome many of the shortcomings associated with conventional signal-off methods and competitive processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Chovelon
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Biochemistry, Toxicology and Pharmacology Department, Grenoble Site Nord CHU-Biology and Pathology Institute, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Velu Ranganathan
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Sathya Srinivasan
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Erin M McConnell
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Patrice Faure
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble, France
- Biochemistry, Toxicology and Pharmacology Department, Grenoble Site Nord CHU-Biology and Pathology Institute, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuelle Fiore
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Corinne Ravelet
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Peyrin
- University Grenoble Alpes, DPM UMR 5063, CNRS, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Maria DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
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2
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Armstrong DK, Alvarez RD, Backes FJ, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Barroilhet L, Behbakht K, Berchuck A, Chen LM, Chitiyo VC, Cristea M, DeRosa M, Eisenhauer EL, Gershenson DM, Gray HJ, Grisham R, Hakam A, Jain A, Karam A, Konecny GE, Leath CA, Leiserowitz G, Liu J, Martin L, Matei D, McHale M, McLean K, Miller DS, Percac-Lima S, Remmenga SW, Schorge J, Stewart D, Thaker PH, Vargas R, Hendrickson AW, Werner TL, Zsiros E, Dwyer MA, Hang L. NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Ovarian Cancer, Version 3.2022. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2022; 20:972-980. [PMID: 36075393 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2022.0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer in the United States, with less than half of patients living >5 years following diagnosis. The NCCN Guidelines for Ovarian Cancer provide recommendations for the diagnosis, evaluation, treatment, and follow-up for patients with ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers. These NCCN Guidelines Insights summarize the panel discussion behind recent important updates to the guidelines, including revised guidance on alternative chemotherapy regimens for patients with advanced age and/or comorbidities, a new algorithm for recurrent low-grade serous carcinoma based on developing research and novel therapeutic agents, and updated language regarding tumor molecular analysis applications in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Floor J Backes
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | | | | | - Lee-May Chen
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Heidi J Gray
- University of Washington/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joyce Liu
- Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center
| | - Lainie Martin
- Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | - Daniela Matei
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - John Schorge
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital/The University of Tennessee Health Science Center
| | | | - Premal H Thaker
- Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Roberto Vargas
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | | | | | | | | | - Lisa Hang
- National Comprehensive Cancer Network
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3
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Abdulsada Z, Kibbee R, Schwertfeger D, Princz J, DeRosa M, Örmeci B. Fate and removal of silver nanoparticles during sludge conditioning and their impact on soil health after simulated land application. Water Res 2021; 206:117757. [PMID: 34715524 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The growing use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in personal care products and clothing has increased their concentrations in wastewater and subsequently in sludge raising concerns about their fate and toxicity during wastewater treatment and after land application of sludge. This research investigated the fate and removal of AgNPs during chemical conditioning of anaerobically digested sludge and their impact on soil bacteria and health after land application. Ferric chloride (FeCl3), alum (Al2 (SO4)3 • (14-18) H2O), and synthetic (polyacrylamide) polymer were used for sludge conditioning. All conditioners effectively removed AgNPs from the liquid phase and concentrated them in sludge solids. Concentration analyses showed that out of 53.0 mg/L of silver in the sludge, only 0.1 to 0.003 mg/L of silver remained in the sludge supernatant after conditioning and 12 to 20% of this value were particulates. Morphological analyses also showed that AgNPs went through physical, chemical, and morphological changes in sludge that were not observed in nanopure water and the resulting floc structures and the incorporation of nanoparticles were different for each conditioner. The impact of conditioned AgNPs on the biological activities of soil was evaluated by investigating its impact on the presence of five important phyla (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria). The results showed that AgNPs at a concentration of 20 mg AgNPs/g soil had a minimal impact on the presence and diversity of the assessed phyla. Also, using different chemicals for sludge conditioning resulted in different growth behavior of studied phyla. This study provides new insight into how the presence of AgNPs and different chemicals used for sludge conditioning might impact the soil biological activities and hence plant growth. The study also provides a solid basis for further research in the risk assessment of nanoparticle toxicity in biosolids amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Abdulsada
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Baghdad, Karrada, Al-Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq (present address)
| | - Richard Kibbee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Dina Schwertfeger
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON K1V 1C7, Canada
| | - Juliska Princz
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON K1V 1C7, Canada
| | - Maria DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Banu Örmeci
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
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4
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Abdulsada Z, Kibbee R, Princz J, DeRosa M, Örmeci B. Transformation of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) during Lime Treatment of Wastewater Sludge and Their Impact on Soil Bacteria. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:nano11092330. [PMID: 34578645 PMCID: PMC8465233 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the impact of lime stabilization on the fate and transformation of AgNPs. It also evaluated the changes in the population and diversity of the five most relevant bacterial phyla in soil after applying lime-stabilized sludge containing AgNPs. The study was performed by spiking an environmentally relevant concentration of AgNPs (2 mg AgNPs/g TS) in sludge, applying lime stabilization to increase pH to above 12 for two hours, and applying lime-treated sludge to soil samples. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to investigate the morphological and compositional changes of AgNPs during lime stabilization. After the application of lime stabilized sludge to the soil, soil samples were periodically analyzed for total genomic DNA and changes in bacterial phyla diversity using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results showed that lime treatment effectively removed AgNPs from the aqueous phase, and AgNPs were deposited on the lime molecules. The results revealed that AgNPs did not significantly impact the presence and diversity of the assessed phyla in the soil. However, lime stabilized sludge with AgNPs affected the abundance of each phylum over time. No significant effects on the soil total organic carbon (TOC), heterotrophic plate count (HPC), and percentage of the live cells were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Abdulsada
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (Z.A.); (R.K.)
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Baghdad, Karrada, Al-Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Richard Kibbee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (Z.A.); (R.K.)
| | - Juliska Princz
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road South, Ottawa, ON K1V 1C7, Canada;
| | - Maria DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
| | - Banu Örmeci
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (Z.A.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-520-2600 (ext. 4144)
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5
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Armstrong DK, Alvarez RD, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Barroilhet L, Behbakht K, Berchuck A, Chen LM, Cristea M, DeRosa M, Eisenhauer EL, Gershenson DM, Gray HJ, Grisham R, Hakam A, Jain A, Karam A, Konecny GE, Leath CA, Liu J, Mahdi H, Martin L, Matei D, McHale M, McLean K, Miller DS, O'Malley DM, Percac-Lima S, Ratner E, Remmenga SW, Vargas R, Werner TL, Zsiros E, Burns JL, Engh AM. Ovarian Cancer, Version 2.2020, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2021; 19:191-226. [PMID: 33545690 DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2021.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancer in the United States and is the country's fifth most common cause of cancer mortality in women. A major challenge in treating ovarian cancer is that most patients have advanced disease at initial diagnosis. These NCCN Guidelines discuss cancers originating in the ovary, fallopian tube, or peritoneum, as these are all managed in a similar manner. Most of the recommendations are based on data from patients with the most common subtypes─high-grade serous and grade 2/3 endometrioid. The NCCN Guidelines also include recommendations specifically for patients with less common ovarian cancers, which in the guidelines include the following: carcinosarcoma, clear cell carcinoma, mucinous carcinoma, low-grade serous, grade 1 endometrioid, borderline epithelial, malignant sex cord-stromal, and malignant germ cell tumors. This manuscript focuses on certain aspects of primary treatment, including primary surgery, adjuvant therapy, and maintenance therapy options (including PARP inhibitors) after completion of first-line chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Lee-May Chen
- 7UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | | | - Heidi J Gray
- 12Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Joyce Liu
- 19Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center
| | - Haider Mahdi
- 20Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
| | - Lainie Martin
- 21Abramson Cancer Center at the University of Pennsylvania
| | - Daniela Matei
- 22Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University
| | | | | | | | - David M O'Malley
- 26The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center - James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute
| | | | | | | | - Roberto Vargas
- 20Case Comprehensive Cancer Center/University Hospitals Seidman Cancer Center and Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute
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Abdulsada Z, Kibbee R, Örmeci B, DeRosa M, Princz J. Impact of anaerobically digested silver and copper oxide nanoparticles in biosolids on soil characteristics and bacterial community. Chemosphere 2021; 263:128173. [PMID: 33297141 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether 2 and 30 mg AgNPs or CuONPs/g TS present in treated sludge (biosolids) may impact the soil health by monitoring the soil characteristics and soil bacterial community for 105 days after the application of biosolids. AgNPs or CuONPs/g TS were first anaerobically digested with mixed primary and secondary sludge rather than adding pristine nanoparticles to biosolids directly. Both environmentally relevant (under the USEPA ceiling concentration limits) and high concentrations of AgNPs and CuONPs were tested. Soil tests included TOC, TN, TP, pH, cell viability and heterotrophic plate counts (HPC). Metagenomic data was generated by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to explore bacterial populations and diversity. AgNPs and CuONPs at 2 and 30 mg NPs/g TS of sludge could impact soil health factors such as bacterial diversity, community structure, and the population of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). The population of the highly abundant bacteria that have important physiological roles in soil decreased, while the less important bacteria for soil function were able to thrive. CuONPs exhibited a higher level of toxicity than the AgNPs at both phylum and genus taxonomic levels, and the HPC decreased with higher concentrations of AgNPs and CuONPs. Initially, most of the studied phyla abundance was affected, but the control and other reactors approached similar levels by the end of the experiments, which may be explained by the decrease in toxicity due to the transformation of nanoparticles and the defence mechanisms of bacteria, and indicates the need for long-term field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Abdulsada
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Richard Kibbee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Banu Örmeci
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Maria DeRosa
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel by Drive, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Juliska Princz
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road South, Ottawa, ON K1V 1C7, Canada
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7
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Morgan RJ, Armstrong DK, Alvarez RD, Bakkum-Gamez JN, Behbakht K, Chen LM, Copeland L, Crispens MA, DeRosa M, Dorigo O, Gershenson DM, Gray HJ, Hakam A, Havrilesky LJ, Johnston C, Lele S, Martin L, Matulonis UA, O'Malley DM, Penson RT, Percac-Lima S, Pineda M, Plaxe SC, Powell MA, Ratner E, Remmenga SW, Rose PG, Sabbatini P, Santoso JT, Werner TL, Burns J, Hughes M. Ovarian Cancer, Version 1.2016, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology. J Natl Compr Canc Netw 2016; 14:1134-63. [DOI: 10.6004/jnccn.2016.0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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8
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Reck M, Coon C, Taylor F, DeRosa M, Penrod J, Dastani H, Orsini L, Gralla R. 3011 Evaluation of overall health status in patients with advanced squamous non-small cell lung cancer treated with nivolumab or docetaxel in CheckMate 017. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31656-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Silber S, Barbey N, DeRosa M, Pineda J, Lenahan K. Mechanisms controlling resting ovarian follicle recruitment from post-operative follow-up of ovarian transplants. Fertil Steril 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.07.1866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Mastronardi E, Mckeague M, Monreal C, DeRosa M. 139 Development and application of crop exudate specific aptamers. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2013.786381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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11
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Silber S, Silber D, DeRosa M, Mennes P, Graff R, Pincus S. Ovary allotransplantation between non-homozygous sisters: success and failure, an immunologic puzzle. Fertil Steril 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.07.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Osada H, Silber S, Kakinuma T, Kato K, DeRosa M, Kato O. Osada procedure for massive adenomyosis. Fertil Steril 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2008.07.916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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14
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Silber S, DeRosa M, Pineda J, Lenahan K, Grenia D, Gorman K, Gosden R. A series of monozygotic twins discordant for ovarian failure: ovary transplantation (cortical versus microvascular) and cryopreservation. Hum Reprod 2008; 23:1531-7. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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15
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Silber S, Pineda J, DeRosa M, Gorman K, Patrizio P, Gosden R. Comparison of ovarian cortical tissue grafting vs. intact whole ovary microvascular homotransplantation and allotransplantation for patients with premature ovarian failure. Fertil Steril 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.07.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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17
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Elliott CG, Goldhaber SZ, Visani L, DeRosa M. Chest radiographs in acute pulmonary embolism. Results from the International Cooperative Pulmonary Embolism Registry. Chest 2000; 118:33-8. [PMID: 10893356 DOI: 10.1378/chest.118.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To characterize chest radiographic interpretations in a large population of patients who have received a diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism and to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of chest radiographic abnormalities for right ventricular hypokinesis that has been diagnosed by echocardiography. DESIGN A prospective observational study at 52 hospitals in seven countries. PATIENTS A total of 2,454 consecutive patients who had received a diagnosis of acute pulmonary embolism between January 1995 and November 1996. RESULTS Chest radiographs were available for 2,322 patients (95%). The most common chest radiographic interpretations were cardiac enlargement (27%), normal (24%), pleural effusion (23%), elevated hemidiaphragm (20%), pulmonary artery enlargement (19%), atelectasis (18%), and parenchymal pulmonary infiltrates (17%). The results of chest radiographs were abnormal for 509 of 655 patients (78%) who had undergone a major surgical procedure within 2 months of the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism: normal results for chest radiograph often accompanied pulmonary embolism after genitourinary procedures (37%), orthopedic surgery (29%), or gynecologic surgery (28%), whereas they rarely accompanied pulmonary emboli associated with thoracic procedures (4%). Chest radiographs were interpreted to show cardiac enlargement for 149 of 309 patients with right ventricular hypokinesis that was detected by echocardiography (sensitivity, 0.48) and for 178 of 485 patients without right ventricular hypokinesis (specificity, 0.63). Chest radiographs were interpreted to show pulmonary artery enlargement for 118 of 309 patients with right ventricular hypokinesis (sensitivity, 0.38) and for 117 of 483 patients without right ventricular hypokinesis (specificity, 0.76). CONCLUSIONS Cardiomegaly is the most common chest radiographic abnormality associated with acute pulmonary embolism. Neither pulmonary artery enlargement nor cardiomegaly appears sensitive or specific for the echocardiographic finding of right ventricular hypokinesis, an important predictor of mortality associated with acute pulmonary embolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G Elliott
- Department of Medicine, the Pulmonary Divisions of the LDS Hospital and the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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18
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Thompson MJ, Toomre J, Anderson ER, Antia HM, Berthomieu G, Burtonclay D, Chitre SM, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Corbard T, DeRosa M, Genovese CR, Gough DO, Haber DA, Harvey JW, Hill F, Howe R, Korzennik SG, Kosovichev AG, Leibacher JW, Pijpers FP, Provost J, Rhodes EJ, Schou J, Sekii T, Stark PB, Wilson PR. Differential Rotation and Dynamics of the Solar Interior. Science 1996; 272:1300-5. [PMID: 8662459 DOI: 10.1126/science.272.5266.1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Splitting of the sun's global oscillation frequencies by large-scale flows can be used to investigate how rotation varies with radius and latitude within the solar interior. The nearly uninterrupted observations by the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) yield oscillation power spectra with high duty cycles and high signal-to-noise ratios. Frequency splittings derived from GONG observations confirm that the variation of rotation rate with latitude seen at the surface carries through much of the convection zone, at the base of which is an adjustment layer leading to latitudinally independent rotation at greater depths. A distinctive shear layer just below the surface is discernible at low to mid-latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- MJ Thompson
- M. J. Thompson and R. Howe are in the Astronomy Unit, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK. J. Toomre, M. DeRosa, and D. A. Haber are at the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0440, USA. E. R. Anderson, J. W. Harvey, F. Hill, and J. W. Leibacher are at the National Solar Observatory (NSO), National Optical Astronomy Observatories (NOAO), Post Office Box 26732, Tucson, AZ 85726-6732, USA. H. M. Antia and S. M. Chitre are at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bombay 400005, India. G. Berthomieu, T. Corbard, and J. Provost are at the Observatoire de la Cote d'Azur, 06304 Nice Cedex 4, France. D. Burtonclay and P. R. Wilson are in the School of Mathematics, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. J. Christensen-Dalsgaard and F. P. Pijpers are at the Theoretical Astrophysics Center, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. C. R. Genovese is in the Department of Statistics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. D. O. Gough and T. Sekii are in the Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HA, UK. S. G. Korzennik is at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. A. G. Kosovichev and J. Schou are at Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory Annex, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-4085, USA. E. J. Rhodes Jr. is in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. P. B. Stark is in the Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-3860, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND A "natural language" measure was developed for classifying type and severity of communication disturbance in the speech of psychotic patients by assessing their linguistic reference performance. METHODS This measure was applied to speech samples of schizophrenic, manic, and nonpsychiatric subjects, and the groups were compared on levels and types of communication failures. RESULTS The speech of the schizophrenic and manic subjects contained much higher frequencies of each of six types of communication failures than did the speech of the control subjects. Proportions of the different types of unclarity differed among the diagnostic groups. CONCLUSIONS This method provides a measure of overall severity of communication disturbance, discriminates the speech of schizophrenic and manic subjects from that of nonpsychiatric subjects, and reflects some differences in distribution of types of communication failure in schizophrenic vs manic patients. The measure may be helpful in elucidating cognitive weaknesses underlying psychotic communication failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Docherty
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn, USA
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DeRosa M, Ficken MD, Barnes HJ. Acute airsacculitis in untreated and cyclophosphamide-pretreated broiler chickens inoculated with Escherichia coli or Escherichia coli cell-free culture filtrate. Vet Pathol 1992; 29:68-78. [PMID: 1557865 DOI: 10.1177/030098589202900109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Ninety commercial broiler chickens were divided into three equal groups; 30 were injected with brain-heart-infusion broth into the cranial thoracic air sacs (controls), 30 were similarly inoculated with a culture of Escherichia coli, and 30 were similarly inoculated with E. coli cell-free culture filtrate. Birds were examined from 0 to 6 hours post-inoculation. E. coli-inoculated and cell-free culture filtrate-inoculated chickens reacted similarly, with exudation of heterophils into the air sac. Microscopically, heterophils were present in low numbers perivascularly 0.5 hour after inoculation and became more numerous by 3 hours post-inoculation. By 6 hours post-inoculation, there was severe swelling of air sac epithelial cells and thickening of the air sac by proteinaceous fluid and heterophils. Ultrastructurally, air sac epithelial cells were swollen and vacuolated, and interdigitating processes were separated. Histologically and ultrastructurally, all features in control chickens were normal, with only rare heterophils in the air sac interstitium. In E. coli-inoculated and cell-free culture filtrate-inoculated chickens, cell counts (predominantly heterophils) in air sac lavage fluids increased markedly at 3 and 6 hours, with only slight increases in counts from lavages of controls. Heteropenia was observed in E. coli-inoculated chickens, whereas heterophilia was observed in cell-free filtrate chickens and controls. Ninety additional chickens were pretreated with cyclophosphamide, subdivided into three equal groups, and inoculated and examined similarly as above. Cyclophosphamide pretreatment reduced inflammatory changes in air sacs, lowered cell numbers in lavage fluids, and abolished hematologic changes; however, it did not prevent epithelial cell changes. These results indicate that cell-free culture filtrate of E. coli induces changes similar to those induced by cultures of E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- M DeRosa
- Department of Food Animal and Equine Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh
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Gulik A, Luzzati V, DeRosa M, Gambacorta A. Tetraether lipid components from a thermoacidophilic archaebacterium. Chemical structure and physical polymorphism. J Mol Biol 1988; 201:429-35. [PMID: 3138418 DOI: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
As a continuation of an X-ray scattering study of the tetraether lipids extracted from the thermophilic archaebacterium Sulfolobus solfataricus, the phase behaviour of four fractions of the complex polar lipid extract (PLE) is described. Each molecule of two of these fractions (P1 and GL) carries an unsubstituted glycerol headgroup, those of another (P2) no such group; the fourth fraction (WPLE) is obtained by water-washing PLE, thus reducing its P2 content from approximately 48% to approximately 24% and increasing the average number of molecules bearing an unsubstituted glycerol headgroup from approximately 0.4 to approximately 0.6. The main result is a striking correlation between the phase behaviour and the average ratio of unsubstituted glycerol headgroups to the total number of headgroups: the fractions P1, GL and WPLE, in which that number is respectively 0.5, 0.5 and 0.3, form rod-containing phases; the fraction P2, in which that number is zero, yields a lamellar phase throughout the phase diagram. An analysis of the dimensions of the structure elements confirms our previous conclusion that, in the presence of a sufficient amount of water, the unsubstituted glycerol headgroups partition preferentially in the hydrocarbon regions rather than at the polar/apolar interfaces. These results, moreover, corroborate our previous conjectures regarding the correlations between the structure of the plasma membrane, the phase behaviour of the lipid extract and life at high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gulik
- Centre de Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Luzzati V, Gambacorta A, DeRosa M, Gulik A. Polar lipids of thermophilic prokaryotic organisms: chemical and physical structure. Annu Rev Biophys Biophys Chem 1987; 16:25-47. [PMID: 3109446 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bb.16.060187.000325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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