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Oral R, Pagano G, Siciliano A, Toscanesi M, Gravina M, Di Nunzio A, Palumbo A, Thomas PJ, Tommasi F, Burić P, Lyons DM, Guida M, Trifuoggi M. Soil pollution and toxicity in an area affected by emissions from a bauxite processing plant and a power plant in Gardanne (southern France). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 170:55-61. [PMID: 30529620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.11.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution and toxicity have been investigated in the Gardanne area (southern France) at a range of sites around a recognized pollution source, a bauxite processing plant (BPP), and a power plant (PP). Soil samples were submitted to inorganic and organic analyses and tested for toxicity in two invertebrate models. Inorganic analysis was based on determining elemental concentrations by ICP-MS, encompassing a total of 26 elements including 13 rare earth elements (REEs), of the soil samples and their leachates after 24 or 48 h in seawater. Organic analyses were performed by measuring the sums of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and of total hydrocarbons (C-10 to C-40). Bioassays were carried out on the early life stages of three sea urchin species (Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus and Sphaerechinus granularis), and on a nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans). Sea urchin bioassays were evaluated by the effects of soil samples (0.1-0.5% dry wt/vol) on developing embryos and on sperm, and scored as: a) % developmental defects, b) inhibition of sperm fertilization success and offspring damage, and c) frequencies of mitotic aberrations. C. elegans 24 h-mortality assay showed significant toxicity associated with soil samples. The effects of soil samples showed heightened toxicity at two groups of sites, close to the BPP main entrance and around the PP, which was consistent with the highest concentrations found for metals and PAHs, respectively. Total hydrocarbon concentrations displayed high concentrations both close to BPP main entrance and to the PP. Further studies of the health effects of such materials in Gardanne are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahime Oral
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121 Naples, Italy.
| | | | | | - Maria Gravina
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Anna Palumbo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0H3
| | - Franca Tommasi
- Aldo Moro Bari University, Department of Plant Biology, I-70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100 Pula, Croatia
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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Trifuoggi M, Pagano G, Oral R, Gravina M, Toscanesi M, Mozzillo M, Siciliano A, Burić P, Lyons DM, Palumbo A, Thomas PJ, D'Ambra L, Crisci A, Guida M, Tommasi F. Topsoil and urban dust pollution and toxicity in Taranto (southern Italy) industrial area and in a residential district. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 191:43. [PMID: 30593597 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-7164-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Adverse environmental conditions in the Taranto area (southern Italy) were investigated in studies of air, marine sediment, and human health. The present study aimed at providing unprecedented information on soil pollution and toxicity in a set of sites around recognized pollution sources in the Taranto area, since previous studies were focused on marine or air pollution, or on human health effects. The investigated area included a steel foundry and a power plant, as well as some sites located in an adjacent neighborhood. Surface soil samples and urban dust were collected and submitted to inorganic and organic analyses and tested for toxicity in two invertebrate bioassay models; a sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis) and an annelid (Caenorhabditis elegans). Inorganic analysis was carried out using ICP-MS for elemental composition for a total of 34 elements, whose levels were evaluated as a function of bioassay data analyzed through principal component analysis (PCA). Other analyses included asbestos search by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and organic analysis for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and aliphatic compounds (C10-C40). Toxicity bioassays were carried out on a sea urchin (Sphaerechinus granularis), and an annelid (Caenorhabditis elegans). Sea urchin bioassays evaluated effects of topsoil or street dust sample exposures (0.1 to 0.5% dry wt/vol) on developing embryos and on sperm, and scored as (a) % developmental defects, (b) inhibition of fertilization success and offspring damage, and (c) frequencies of mitotic aberrations. C. elegans mortality assay displayed significant toxicity associated with soil samples. The overall effects of samples showed very high toxicity at four out of nine sites. These effects were consistent with the highest levels measured for metals and PAHs. Further studies of health effects related to dust exposures in residential areas are warranted. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Trifuoggi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy.
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Maria Gravina
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Petra Burić
- Juraj Dobrila University of Pula, HR-52100, Pula, Croatia
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, I-80121, Naples, Italy
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Luigi D'Ambra
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Crisci
- Pegaso Telematic University, Piazza Trieste e Trento, I-80132, Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, I-80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Tommasi
- Department of Biology, "Aldo Moro" Bari University, Via Orabona 4, -70125, Bari, Italy
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Gravina M, Pagano G, Oral R, Guida M, Toscanesi M, Siciliano A, Di Nunzio A, Burić P, Lyons DM, Thomas PJ, Trifuoggi M. Heavy Rare Earth Elements Affect Sphaerechinus granularis Sea Urchin Early Life Stages by Multiple Toxicity Endpoints. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2018; 100:641-646. [PMID: 29500496 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-018-2309-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) were tested for adverse effects to early life stages of the sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis. Embryos were exposed to analytically measured HREE concentrations ranging from 10-7 to 10-5 M. No significant developmental defect (DD) increases were observed in embryos exposed to 10-7 M HREEs, whereas 10-5 M HREEs resulted in significant DD increase up to 96% for HoCl3 versus 14% in controls. Embryos exposed to 10-6 M HREEs showed the highest DD frequency in embryos exposed to 10-6 M DyCl3 and HoCl3. Cytogenetic analysis of HREE-exposed embryos revealed a significant decrease in mitotic activity, with increased mitotic aberrations. When S. granularis sperm were exposed to HREEs, the offspring of sperm exposed to 10-5 M GdCl3 and LuCl3 showed significant DD increases. The results warrant investigations on HREEs in other test systems, and on REE-containing complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gravina
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Aldo Di Nunzio
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Petra Burić
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Federico II Naples University, via Cinthia, 80126, Naples, Italy
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Trifuoggi M, Pagano G, Guida M, Palumbo A, Siciliano A, Gravina M, Lyons DM, Burić P, Levak M, Thomas PJ, Giarra A, Oral R. Comparative toxicity of seven rare earth elements in sea urchin early life stages. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:20803-20810. [PMID: 28721613 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9658-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of rare earth elements (REEs) in a number of technological applications raises unanswered questions related to REE-associated adverse effects. We have previously reported on the multiple impact of some REEs on the early life stages of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. The present investigation was to evaluate REE toxicity to early life stages in two unrelated sea urchin species, Sphaerechinus granularis and Arbacia lixula. The comparative toxicities were tested of seven REEs, namely yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, samarium, europium and gadolinium as chloride salts at concentrations ranging from 10-7 to 10-4 M. The evaluated endpoints included developmental defects and cytogenetic anomalies in REE-exposed embryos/larvae, and decreased fertilization success and offspring damage following sperm exposure. The results showed different toxicity patterns for individual REEs that varied according to test species and to treatment protocol, thus showing toxicity scaling for the different REEs. Further, the observed effects were compared with those reported for P. lividus either following embryo or sperm exposures. S. granularis showed a significantly higher sensitivity both compared to A. lixula and to P. lividus. This study provides clear-cut evidence for distinct toxicity patterns among a series of REEs. The differences in species sensitivity at micromolar REE levels may warrant investigations on species susceptibility to impacts along polluted coasts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- Federico II Naples University, 80126, Naples, Italy.
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Naples, Italy.
| | - Marco Guida
- Federico II Naples University, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniel M Lyons
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Petra Burić
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Maja Levak
- Center for Marine Research, Ruđer Bošković Institute, HR-52210, Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | | | - Rahime Oral
- Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University, Bornova, 35100, İzmir, Turkey
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Oral R, Pagano G, Siciliano A, Gravina M, Palumbo A, Castellano I, Migliaccio O, Thomas PJ, Guida M, Tommasi F, Trifuoggi M. Heavy rare earth elements affect early life stages in Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula sea urchins. Environ Res 2017; 154:240-246. [PMID: 28107742 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 12/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) have been scarcely studied for their toxicity, in spite of their applications in several technologies. Thus HREEs require timely investigations for their adverse health effects. METHODS Paracentrotus lividus and Arbacia lixula embryos and sperm were exposed to trichloride salts of five HREEs (Dy, Ho, Er, Yb and Lu) and to Ce(III) as a light REE (LREE) reference to evaluate: 1) developmental defects (% DD) in HREE-exposed larvae or in the offspring of HREE-exposed sperm; 2) mitotic anomalies; 3) fertilization success; and 4) reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Nominal HREE concentrations were confirmed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). RESULTS HREEs induced concentration-related DD increases in P. lividus and A. lixula larvae, ranging from no significant DD increase at 10-7M HREEs up to ≅100% DD at 10-5M HREE. Larvae exposed to 10-5M Ce(III) resulted in less severe DD rates compared to HREEs. Decreased mitotic activity and increased aberration rates were found in HREE-exposed P. lividus embryos. Significant increases in ROS formation and NO levels were found both in HREE-exposed and in Ce(III) embryos, whereas only Ce(III), but not HREEs resulted in significant increase in MDA levels. Sperm exposure to HREEs (10-5-10-4M) resulted in a concentration-related decrease in fertilization success along with increase in offspring damage. These effects were significantly enhanced for Dy(III), Ho(III), Er(III) and Yb(III), compared to Lu(III) and to Ce(III). CONCLUSION HREE-associated toxicity affected embryogenesis, fertilization, cytogenetic and redox endpoints showing different toxicities of tested HREEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahime Oral
- Ege University, Faculty of Fisheries, TR-35100 Bornova, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Giovanni Pagano
- "Federico II" University of Naples, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126 Naples, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
| | - Antonietta Siciliano
- "Federico II" University of Naples, Department of Biology, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Gravina
- "Federico II" University of Naples, Department of Biology, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Anna Palumbo
- Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Philippe J Thomas
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Science & Technology Branch, National Wildlife Research Center - Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0H3
| | - Marco Guida
- "Federico II" University of Naples, Department of Biology, I-80126 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marco Trifuoggi
- "Federico II" University of Naples, Department of Chemical Sciences, I-80126 Naples, Italy
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Vacacela Gomez C, Pisarra M, Gravina M, Pitarke JM, Sindona A. Plasmon Modes of Graphene Nanoribbons with Periodic Planar Arrangements. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:116801. [PMID: 27661709 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.116801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Among their amazing properties, graphene and related low-dimensional materials show quantized charge-density fluctuations-known as plasmons-when exposed to photons or electrons of suitable energies. Graphene nanoribbons offer an enhanced tunability of these resonant modes, due to their geometrically controllable band gaps. The formidable effort made over recent years in developing graphene-based technologies is however weakened by a lack of predictive modeling approaches that draw upon available ab initio methods. An example of such a framework is presented here, focusing on narrow-width graphene nanoribbons, organized in periodic planar arrays. Time-dependent density-functional calculations reveal unprecedented plasmon modes of different nature at visible to infrared energies. Specifically, semimetallic (zigzag) nanoribbons display an intraband plasmon following the energy-momentum dispersion of a two-dimensional electron gas. Semiconducting (armchair) nanoribbons are instead characterized by two distinct intraband and interband plasmons, whose fascinating interplay is extremely responsive to either injection of charge carriers or increase in electronic temperature. These oscillations share some common trends with recent nanoinfrared imaging of confined edge and surface plasmon modes detected in graphene nanoribbons of 100-500 nm width.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vacacela Gomez
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 30C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, Sezione LNF, Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - M Pisarra
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 30C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Calle Francisco Tomás y Valiente 7 (Módulo 13), E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gravina
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 30C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, Sezione LNF, Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - J M Pitarke
- CIC nanoGUNE, Tolosa Hiribidea 76, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain
- Materia Kondentsatuaren Fisika Saila, DIPC, and Centro Fisica Materiales CSIC-UPV/EHU, 644 Posta Kutxatila, E-48080 Bilbo, Basque Country, Spain
| | - A Sindona
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 30C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
- INFN, Sezione LNF, Gruppo Collegato di Cosenza, Cubo 31C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
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Marcovecchio ML, Gravina M, Gallina S, D'Adamo E, De Caterina R, Chiarelli F, Mohn A, Renda G. Increased left atrial size in obese children and its association with insulin resistance: a pilot study. Eur J Pediatr 2016; 175:121-30. [PMID: 26272254 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-015-2608-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Subclinical cardiac abnormalities represent predisposing factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in obese subjects. The aim of this study was to evaluate early cardiac abnormalities in obese youth and the potential association with insulin resistance (IR). Thirty obese (12 males (M)/18 females (F); age = 11.5 ± 2.4 years; body mass index (BMI)-standard deviation score (SDS) = +2.1 ± 0.5) and 15 normal weight (10 M/5 F; age = 12.8 ± 3.1 years; BMI-SDS = +0.3 ± 0.9) children and adolescents underwent Doppler two-dimensional echocardiographic assessments of left atrial (LA) and ventricular (LV) geometry and LV diastolic function (peak early [E] and late waves, E wave deceleration time, myocardial flow velocities). Homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR) was used as an IR index. LA size was increased in obese children, as indicated by higher LA diameter (4.9 ± 0.5 vs 4.1 ± 0.4 cm, p < 0.001), area (14.3 ± 2.5 vs 10.7 ± 2.0 cm(2), p < 0.001), and volume (33.8 ± 10.6 vs 23.7 ± 6.4 ml, p = 0.003). LV mass was also increased in obese children (87.0 ± 16.6 vs 68.8 ± 13.2 g, p = 0.003), who also showed subtle diastolic dysfunctions, as indicated by higher values of E (97.1 ± 14.3 vs 86.2 ± 11.9 cm/s, p = 0.02). All the above parameters were significantly associated with BMI-SDS (p < 0.05). In addition, HOMA-IR was independently associated with LA diameter, area, and volume (β = 0.314, p = 0.040; β = 0.415, p = 0.008; β = 0.535, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Obese children feature increased LA size, which emerged to be mainly correlated to, and possibly driven by IR, suggesting an increased CVD risk. WHAT IS KNOWN Left atrial and ventricular alterations have been reported in obese adults, and they represent predisposing factors for cardiovascular disease. There is some evidence suggesting that obese children show increased left ventricular mass and also increased atrial size, although with conflicting results. WHAT IS NEW Obese normotensive children showed a moderately increased atrial size, subtle alterations in left cardiac diastolic function, and ventricular mass. An association between insulin resistance and left cardiac changes was found, although its mechanism remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Marcovecchio
- Department of Paediatrics, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 5, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
| | - M Gravina
- Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy. .,Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
| | - S Gallina
- Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy. .,Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
| | - E D'Adamo
- Department of Paediatrics, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 5, 66100, Chieti, Italy.
| | - R De Caterina
- Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy. .,Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
| | - F Chiarelli
- Department of Paediatrics, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 5, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
| | - A Mohn
- Department of Paediatrics, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 5, 66100, Chieti, Italy. .,Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy.
| | - G Renda
- Center of Excellence on Aging, "G. d'Annunzio" University Foundation, Chieti, Italy. .,Institute of Cardiology, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
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Borisenko O, Chelnokov V, Cortese G, Fiore R, Gravina M, Papa A, Surzhikov I. Phase transitions in strongly coupled three-dimensional Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 86:051131. [PMID: 23214762 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.86.051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We perform an analytical and numerical study of the phase transitions in three-dimensional Z(N) lattice gauge theories at finite temperature for N>4, exploiting equivalence of these models with a generalized version of the two-dimensional vector Potts models in the limit of vanishing spatial coupling. In this limit the Polyakov loops play the role of Z(N) spins. The effective couplings of these two-dimensional spin models are calculated explicitly. It is argued that the effective spin models have two phase transitions of BKT type. This is confirmed by large-scale Monte Carlo simulations. Using a cluster algorithm we locate the position of the critical points and study the critical behavior across both phase transitions in details. In particular, we determine various critical indices and compute the helicity modulus, the average action, and the specific heat. A scaling formula for the critical points with N is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Borisenko
- Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
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Borisenko O, Chelnokov V, Cortese G, Fiore R, Gravina M, Papa A. Phase transitions in two-dimensional Z(N) vector models for N>4. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 85:021114. [PMID: 22463160 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.021114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigate both analytically and numerically the renormalization group equations in two-dimensional (2D) Z(N) vector models. The position of the critical points of the two phase transitions for N>4 is established and the critical index ν is computed. For N=7 and 17 the critical points are located by Monte Carlo simulations, and some of the corresponding critical indices are determined. The behavior of the helicity modulus is studied for N=5, 7, and 17. Using these and other available Monte Carlo data we discuss the scaling of the critical points with N and some other open theoretical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Borisenko
- Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
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Arpino L, Capuano C, Gravina M, Franco A. Parasellar myxoid chondrosarcoma: a rare variant of cranial chondrosarcoma. J Neurosurg Sci 2011; 55:387-389. [PMID: 22198591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Primary cranial chondrosarcoma in an uncommon cartilaginous tumours of which the myxoid variant is the least reported in the literature. This tumour accounts for 0.15% of all primary intracranial lesions and 6% of all skull base tumours. Chondrosarcomas are frequently misdiagnosed as chordomas, which have a different prognosis. Differential diagnosis is very important because, when treated with similar aggressive treatment strategies, chondrosarcoma has a much better prognosis than chordoma. We describe a 54-year-old female with a 9-month history of left ophtalmoplegia and increasing headache. MR imaging of the head showed a sellar and left parasellar mass. We performed a gross total removal of the mass via a left pterional approach. The histopathologic diagnosis was of a myxoid chondrosarcoma. A post-operative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan of the head showed a total removal of the neoplasm. After surgery, the patient showed a transitory dysphasia with right hemiparesis, but they both considerably improved before discharge. Review of the literature was identified using the Medline database: only 10 cases in the worldwide literature were identified to report on this kind of tumour. We present a case report of myxoid chondrosarcoma, a rare variant of chondrosarcoma, with sellar and left parasellar localization. This histopathological type is a low-grade variant and its total removal is effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Arpino
- Department of Neurosurgery, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Naples, Italy.
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Borisenko O, Cortese G, Fiore R, Gravina M, Papa A. Numerical study of the phase transitions in the two-dimensional Z(5) vector model. Phys Rev E 2011; 83:041120. [PMID: 21599128 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.041120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- O Borisenko
- Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 03680 Kiev, Ukraine.
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Markovic J, Hjelmgren O, Bech-Hanssen O, Corazzini A, Faricelli S, Carrideo M, Gravina M, Barnabei L, Ippedico R, Tonti G, Gallina S, Di Giammarco G, De Caterina R, Ancona R, Comenale Pinto S, Caso P, Severino S, Cavallaro C, Vecchione F, D'onofrio A, Nunziata L, Roselli T, Calabro R, Bezgin T, Can MM, Tanboga H, Tokgoz HC, Sonmez K, Saglam M, Kaymaz C, Cho JS, Yoon HJ, Cho EJ, Park CS, Jung HO, Jeon HK. Oral session IV: Novel techniques in evolution of right ventricular function * Thursday 9 December 2010, 16:30-18:00. European Journal of Echocardiography 2010. [DOI: 10.1093/ejechocard/jeq134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Arpino L, Gravina M, Basile D, Franco A. Spontaneous chronic subdural hematoma in a young adult. J Neurosurg Sci 2009; 53:55-57. [PMID: 19546844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common pathology in the elderly but very rare in young adults. When CSDH occurs in this age group, severe head injury or some promotive factors are usually present. This article reports the case of a 29-year-old female presented at our Emergency Department with a few days' history of progressive frontal headache. Computed tomography scan of the head showed a right frontal CSDH. Only a decreased level of consciousness without focal deficits was present at clinical examination and her medical history was negative for trauma or promotive factors. Blood count showed a mild sideropenic anemia while coagulation tests were normal. No vascular malformations were shown at digital subtraction angiography. The patient underwent craniotomic evacuation. After surgery, the patient showed a full neurological recovery. Spontaneous CSDH in young adults is very rare. In the worldwide literature, many cases of non-traumatic CSDH are reported, but a promotive factor is generally present. We described a case of spontaneous CSDH, whose etiology remains unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Arpino
- Department of Neurosurgery, San Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Naples, Italy.
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Sardo A, Campo S, Russo G, Maesano A, Castaldo M, Gravina M, Zema M, Bonaiuto M, Cinquegrani M, Nicocia G, Loddo S, Saitta A. C21 Frequence of FDP in a hypercholesterolemic population from east sicily. Atherosclerosis 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(99)90124-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Saitta A, Castaldo M, Sardo A, Cinquegrani M, Bonaiuto M, Zema M, Gravina M, Mangano C. [Elevated levels of lipoprotein(a) are present in subjects with early ischemic cardiopathy and with a familial history of ischemic cardiopathy]. Minerva Med 1999; 90:151-8. [PMID: 10780189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated levels of lipoprotein(a) are associated with a greater risk of atherothrombotic cardiovascular diseases. Since the Lp(a) levels are genetically determined and fairly stable in the course of life and a family history appears to be an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, we evaluated the behavior of Lp(a) levels in patients with early events of coronary heart disease (CHD) and also in subjects with positive family history of ischemic heart diseases. METHODS The levels of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] were measured in 254 subjects, 138 males and 116 females with an average age of 48.6 +/- 13.8 years (range 20-76 years). Diabetic subjects, females submitted to oestrogen treatment and those already in treatment with hypolipidaemic drugs were excluded from the study. Forty of the 254 patients (15.7%), 27 males and 13 females, had CHD (29 a previous myocardial infarction and 11 a stable angina). A positive family history for CHD was considered present (102 of the 254 patients) if one or more first degree relatives had angina or myocardial infarction before the age of 60 years in men and 65 in women. RESULTS The levels of Lp(a) were higher (p < 0.01) in women (25.1 +/- 28.3 mg/dl) compared to men (17.6 +/- 18.4 mg/dl), without differences in relation to age. The Lp(a) plasmatic levels were not correlated with age, body mass index, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL, triglycerides, apo B, apo AI, fibrinogen and there were no differences in Lp(a) levels in presence or absence of other known cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension and smoking. The Lp(a) levels were not different between subjects with CHD (28.15 +/- 31.7 mg/dl) and controls (20.3 +/- 22.8 mg/dl). The subjects with CHD were older and had higher levels of fibrinogen and a significantly greater prevalence of hypertension and family history of CHD. Fifteen of the 40 subjects with CHD had an early onset of CHD (before 50 years of age) and only in such patients the Lp(a) levels were significantly greater compared to controls (35.8 +/- 33.2 mg/dl vs 20.3 +/- 22.8 of the controls, p < 0.01), independently of other variables (age, BMI, smoking, hypertension, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c, LDL-c, fibrinogen). Furthermore the Lp(a) plasmatic levels were higher in subjects with a family history of CHD (28.3 +/- 27.6 mg/dl vs 16.3 +/- 18.6 mg/dl of the subjects without a family history of CHD, p < 0.01) even if they had or not had a previous coronary ischemic event. CONCLUSIONS Such data confirm the importance of high levels of Lp(a) above all for the early events of CHD and for the subjects with a family history of CHD, which could be expression of a greater predisposition for cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saitta
- Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Terapia Medica, Università degli Studi, Messina
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Saitta A, Sardo A, Castaldo M, Bonaiuto M, Cinquegrani M, Maesano C, Russo G, Gravina M, Mangano C, Zema M, Campo G, Squadrito F. Expression of E-selectin and ICAM-1 in hypercholesterolemia: Effects of simvastatin treatment. Atherosclerosis 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(97)80001-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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