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Raitano A, Martin T, Zhang C, Malinao MC, Capo L, Ikeura M, Carroll R, Quintana JC, Dlamini S, Kulenovic L, Jahanshir E, Kang S, Morrison K, Torgov M, Morrison K. Boronotyrosine, a Borylated Amino Acid Mimetic with Enhanced Solubility, Tumor Boron Delivery, and Retention for the Re-emerging Boron Neutron Capture Therapy Field. J Med Chem 2023; 66:13809-13820. [PMID: 37729617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a re-emerging binary cellular level cancer intervention that occurs through the interaction of a cancer-specific 10boron (10B) drug and neutrons. We created a new 10B drug, 3-borono-l-tyrosine (BTS), that improves on the characteristics of the main historical BNCT drug 4-borono-l-phenylalanine (BPA). BTS has up to 4 times greater uptake in vitro than BPA and increased cellular retention. Like BPA, BTS uptake is mediated by the l-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1) but is less sensitive to natural amino acid competition. BTS can be formulated and bolus dosed at much higher levels than BPA, resulting in 2-3 times greater boron delivery in vivo. Fast blood clearance and greater tumor boron delivery result in superior tumor-to-blood ratios. BTS boron delivery appears to correlate with LAT1 expression. BTS is a promising boron delivery drug that has the potential to improve modern BNCT interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Raitano
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Tioga Martin
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Chunying Zhang
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Maria-Christina Malinao
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Linnette Capo
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Maki Ikeura
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Rebecca Carroll
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Jason C Quintana
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Samkeliso Dlamini
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Leila Kulenovic
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Eva Jahanshir
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Sohye Kang
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Karen Morrison
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Michael Torgov
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
| | - Kendall Morrison
- Drug Development Division, TAE Life Sciences, 1756 Cloverfield Boulevard, Santa Monica, California 90404, United States
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Matsuda Y, Robles V, Malinao MC, Song J, Mendelsohn BA. Comparison of Analytical Methods for Antibody–Drug Conjugates Produced by Chemical Site-Specific Conjugation: First-Generation AJICAP. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12724-12732. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Matsuda
- Ajinomoto Bio-Pharma Services, 11040 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Veronica Robles
- Ajinomoto Bio-Pharma Services, 11040 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - James Song
- Phenomenex, Inc., 411 Madrid Avenue, Torrance, California 90501, United States
| | - Brian A. Mendelsohn
- Ajinomoto Bio-Pharma Services, 11040 Roselle Street, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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Snyder JT, Malinao MC, Dugal-Tessier J, Atkinson JE, Anand BS, Okada A, Mendelsohn BA. Metabolism of an Oxime-Linked Antibody Drug Conjugate, AGS62P1, and Characterization of Its Identified Metabolite. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:2384-2390. [PMID: 29757653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AGS62P1 is an antibody drug conjugate (ADC) composed of a human IgG1κ monoclonal antibody against FLT3 (FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3) with a p-acetyl phenylalanine (pAF) residue inserted at position 124 of each heavy chain linked to the proprietary microtubule disrupting agent AGL-0182-30 via an alkoxyamine linker that forms an oxime upon conjugation to the antibody. AGS62P1 is currently in Phase I human clinical trials for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The identified primary metabolite of an oxime-linked ADC is presented for the first time. AGS62P1 metabolism was assessed in xenograft tumor-bearing mice and rats treated with the ADC using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry-based methods described herein. In this study, we identified the metabolite of AGS62P1 as pAF-AGL-0185-30, which contains a fragment resulting from the catabolism of the antibody component of the ADC and hydrolysis of the terminal amide portion of the linker-payload. We demonstrated that the metabolite of AGS62P1 is tolerated in rats above 1.5 mg/kg and above 0.334 mg/kg in cynomolgus monkeys when given as a single dose. Furthermore, we established in vitro that pAF-AGL-0185-30 does not significantly inhibit hERG or cytochrome P450 family enzymes (CYPs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh T Snyder
- Agensys Inc. an Affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc. , 1800 Stewart Street , Santa Monica , California 90404 , United States
| | - Maria-Christina Malinao
- Agensys Inc. an Affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc. , 1800 Stewart Street , Santa Monica , California 90404 , United States
| | - Julien Dugal-Tessier
- Agensys Inc. an Affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc. , 1800 Stewart Street , Santa Monica , California 90404 , United States
| | - John E Atkinson
- Agensys Inc. an Affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc. , 1800 Stewart Street , Santa Monica , California 90404 , United States
| | - Banmeet S Anand
- Agensys Inc. an Affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc. , 1800 Stewart Street , Santa Monica , California 90404 , United States
| | - Akihiro Okada
- Agensys Inc. an Affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc. , 1800 Stewart Street , Santa Monica , California 90404 , United States
| | - Brian A Mendelsohn
- Agensys Inc. an Affiliate of Astellas Pharma Inc. , 1800 Stewart Street , Santa Monica , California 90404 , United States
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Taricani L, Shanahan F, Malinao MC, Beaumont M, Parry D. A functional approach reveals a genetic and physical interaction between ribonucleotide reductase and CHK1 in mammalian cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111714. [PMID: 25375241 PMCID: PMC4222937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme is composed of the homodimeric RRM1 and RRM2 subunits, which together form a heterotetramic active enzyme that catalyzes the de novo reduction of ribonucleotides to generate deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs), which are required for DNA replication and DNA repair processes. In this study, we show that ablation of RRM1 and RRM2 by siRNA induces G1/S phase arrest, phosphorylation of Chk1 on Ser345 and phosphorylation of γ-H2AX on S139. Combinatorial ablation of RRM1 or RRM2 and Chk1 causes a dramatic accumulation of γ-H2AX, a marker of double-strand DNA breaks, suggesting that activation of Chk1 in this context is essential for suppression of DNA damage. Significantly, we demonstrate for the first time that Chk1 and RNR subunits co-immunoprecipitate from native cell extracts. These functional genomic studies suggest that RNR is a critical mediator of replication checkpoint activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Taricani
- Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - Frances Shanahan
- Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | | | - Maribel Beaumont
- Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
| | - David Parry
- Merck Research Laboratories, Palo Alto, California, United States of America
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Labroli MA, Dwyer MP, Shen R, Popovici-Muller J, Pu Q, Wyss D, McCoy M, Barrett D, Davis N, Seghezzi W, Shanahan F, Taricani L, Beaumont M, Malinao MC, Parry D, Guzi TJ. The identification of novel 5'-amino gemcitabine analogs as potent RRM1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2303-10. [PMID: 24588962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme is a heteromer of RRM1 and RRM2 subunits. The active enzyme catalyzes de novo reduction of ribonucleotides to generate deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs), which are required for DNA replication and DNA repair processes. Complexity in the generation of physiologically relevant, active RRM1/RRM2 heterodimers was perceived as limiting to the identification of selective RRM1 inhibitors by high-throughput screening of compound libraries and led us to seek alternative methods to identify lead series. In short, we found that gemcitabine, as its diphosphate metabolite, represents one of the few described active site inhibitors of RRM1. We herein describe the identification of novel 5'-amino gemcitabine analogs as potent RRM1 inhibitors through in-cell phenotypic screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc A Labroli
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA.
| | - Michael P Dwyer
- Merck Research Laboratories, PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Ruichao Shen
- Merck Research Laboratories, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, BMB-3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | | | - Qinglin Pu
- Merck Research Laboratories, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, BMB-3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Daniel Wyss
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Mark McCoy
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Dianah Barrett
- Merck Research Laboratories, 2000 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, NJ 07033, USA
| | - Nicole Davis
- Merck Research Laboratories, 901 South California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Wolfgang Seghezzi
- Merck Research Laboratories, 901 South California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Frances Shanahan
- Merck Research Laboratories, 901 South California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Lorena Taricani
- Merck Research Laboratories, 901 South California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Maribel Beaumont
- Merck Research Laboratories, 901 South California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | | | - David Parry
- Merck Research Laboratories, 901 South California Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Timothy J Guzi
- Merck Research Laboratories, 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, BMB-3, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Louten J, Mattson JD, Malinao MC, Li Y, Emson C, Vega F, Wardle RL, Van Scott MR, Fick RB, McClanahan TK, de Waal Malefyt R, Beaumont M. Biomarkers of disease and treatment in murine and cynomolgus models of chronic asthma. Biomark Insights 2012; 7:87-104. [PMID: 22837640 PMCID: PMC3403565 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s9776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biomarkers facilitate early detection of disease and measurement of therapeutic efficacy, both at clinical and experimental levels. Recent advances in analytics and disease models allow comprehensive screening for biomarkers in complex diseases, such as asthma, that was previously not feasible. Objective Using murine and nonhuman primate (NHP) models of asthma, identify biomarkers associated with early and chronic stages of asthma and responses to steroid treatment. Methods The total protein content from thymic stromal lymphopoietin transgenic (TSLP Tg) mouse BAL fluid was ascertained by shotgun proteomics analysis. A subset of these potential markers was further analyzed in BAL fluid, BAL cell mRNA, and lung tissue mRNA during the stages of asthma and following corticosteroid treatment. Validation was conducted in murine and NHP models of allergic asthma. Results Over 40 proteins were increased in the BAL fluid of TSLP Tg mice that were also detected by qRT-PCR in lung tissue and BAL cells, as well as in OVA-sensitive mice and house dust mite-sensitive NHP. Previously undescribed as asthma biomarkers, KLK1, Reg3γ, ITLN2, and LTF were modulated in asthmatic mice, and Clca3, Chi3l4 (YM2), and Ear11 were the first lung biomarkers to increase during disease and the last biomarkers to decline in response to therapy. In contrast, GP-39, LCN2, sICAM-1, YM1, Epx, Mmp12, and Klk1 were good indicators of early therapeutic intervention. In NHP, AMCase, sICAM-1, CLCA1, and GP-39 were reduced upon treatment with corticosteroids. Conclusions and clinical relevance These results significantly advance our understanding of the biomarkers present in various tissue compartments in animal models of asthma, including those induced early during asthma and modulated with therapeutic intervention, and show that BAL cells (or their surrogate, induced sputum cells) are a viable choice for biomarker examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Louten
- Merck Research Laboratories (formerly Schering-Plough Biopharma) Palo Alto, California USA
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Desai B, Mattson J, Paintal H, Nathan M, Shen F, Beaumont M, Malinao MC, Li Y, Canfield J, Basham B, de Waal Malefyt R, McClanahan T, Krishna G, Fick R. Differential expression of monocyte/macrophage- selective markers in human idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Exp Lung Res 2011; 37:227-38. [DOI: 10.3109/01902148.2010.538132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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