1
|
Gupta A, Cortes-Dubly ML, Buellet P, Richard-Mazet A, Merdy O, Targa NL, Dumont P. Bordetella bronchiseptica experimental model development in pigs and efficacy evaluation of a single intramuscular injection of gamithromycin (Zactran® for Swine) against Bordetella bronchiseptica-associated respiratory disease in experimentally infected piglets. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2019; 43:197-207. [PMID: 31872885 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the Bordetella bronchiseptica infection model development study, twenty-eight piglets were inoculated with B. bronchiseptica strain of either canine (109 CFU/ml) or swine (108 and 109 CFU/ml) origin; swine origin strain at 109 CFU/ml was chosen for the efficacy assessment study due to higher incidence and severity of gross and histopathological lesions compared with other strains. To assess efficacy of gamithromycin against B. bronchiseptica, forty piglets were experimentally inoculated on Day 0 and clinical signs were scored as per severity. Animals were then treated either with gamithromycin or saline on Day 3. The Global Clinical Scores in gamithromycin-treated group were consistently lower than the saline-treated control group from Day 4 onwards and were 0 and 40 in the gamithromycin-treated and saline-treated control groups, respectively, on Day 6. Severity and frequency of gross and histopathological observations were significantly lower in gamithromycin-treated animals compared with saline-treated controls. The efficacy of Zactran® for Swine at the label dose for the treatment of B. bronchiseptica-associated respiratory disease was demonstrated based on the faster reduction in clinical signs as early as 1 day post-gamithromycin treatment and based on the significant difference in the severity of macroscopic and microscopic lung lesions 10 days post-gamithromycin treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aradhana Gupta
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health USA Inc., Duluth, GA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Norba L Targa
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health USA Inc., Duluth, GA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lebon W, Guillot J, Álvarez MJ, Antonio Bazaga J, Cortes-Dubly ML, Dumont P, Eberhardt M, Gómez H, Pennant O, Siméon N, Beugnet F, Halos L. Prevention of canine ocular thelaziosis (Thelazia callipaeda) with a combination of milbemycin oxime and afoxolaner (Nexgard Spectra ®) in endemic areas in France and Spain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 26:1. [PMID: 30644355 PMCID: PMC6333103 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2019001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade, canine thelaziosis due to Thelazia callipaeda has been diagnosed in an increasing number of European countries, with endemic areas being identified. A multi-center field trial was conducted in endemic areas in France and Spain to evaluate the efficacy of monthly administrations of the oral milbemycin oxime/afoxolaner combination (NexGard Spectra®) for the prevention of T. callipaeda infection in at-risk dogs. A total of 79 dogs negative for T. callipaeda and with a clinical history of eyeworm infection in the past two years completed the study. Dogs were randomly allocated either to a negative control group (42 dogs) or to the NexGard Spectra® treated group (37 dogs). All dogs were followed up for a 6-month period and assessed monthly for the presence of nematodes on the eyes and for the signs of ocular thelaziosis (e.g., conjunctivitis, keratitis, and ocular discharge). When the presence of nematodes was confirmed, the conjunctival fornix was flushed with a saline solution for parasite recovery and counting, and the dogs were treated appropriately. Recovered parasites were stored in 70% alcohol for subsequent morphological identification. During the course of the study, 57.1% (24/42) of the control dogs were diagnosed positive for Thelazia infection, which illustrates a high incidence rate of parasite infection. Conversely, no eyeworm was recovered from any of the 37 dogs that received NexGard Spectra®. All parasites sampled were confirmed to be T. callipaeda. This clinical field study demonstrated that monthly administrations of NexGard Spectra® provided 100% preventive efficacy against canine thelaziosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wilfried Lebon
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, CRSV, 805 Allée des Cyprès, 01150 Saint-Vulbas, France
| | - Jacques Guillot
- Unité de Parasitologie, Mycologie, Dermatologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 94704 Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Maria-Jesús Álvarez
- Hospital Canis de Monforte Carretera Circunvalación, S/N 27400 Monforte, (Lugo, Galicia), Spain
| | - José Antonio Bazaga
- Clínica Veterinaria Bazaga, Ronda Sur, 50, 10300 Navalmoral de la Mata, Cáceres (Extremadura), Spain
| | | | - Pascal Dumont
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, CRSV, 805 Allée des Cyprès, 01150 Saint-Vulbas, France
| | - Marianne Eberhardt
- Clinique Vétérinaire de Gabarret, Avenue de Marcadieu, 40310 Gabarret, France
| | - Héctor Gómez
- Hospital Veterinario Abros Parque empresarial Pereiro de Aguiar, Polígono 2 A - Parcela 32A, 32710 Pereiro de Aguiar, (Orense, Galicia), Spain
| | - Olivier Pennant
- Clinique Vétérinaire Fénelon, 5 boulevard Fénelon, 24380 Vergt, France
| | - Noémie Siméon
- Clinique Vétérinaire Sanilhac, Avenue du 19 mars 1962, 24660 Notre-Dame de Sanilhac, France
| | - Frederic Beugnet
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, 29 avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Lénaïg Halos
- Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health, 29 avenue Tony Garnier, 69007 Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leclere M, Bédard C, Cortes-Dubly ML, Lavoie JP. Blood hypercoagulability and systemic inflammation in horses with heaves. Vet J 2015; 206:105-7. [PMID: 26164529 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
As inflammation and coagulation are intertwined processes, the efficiency of blood coagulation of heaves-affected horses and controls were compared in an observational case-control study, using thrombelastography. In experiment 1 (Exacerbation, six heaves, five controls), horses were housed indoors and fed hay. Thrombelastography, functional fibrinogen, platelet count, hematology, and antithrombin were measured. In experiment 2 (Remission, eight heaves, 11 controls), horses were housed in a low-dust environment for at least a month when thrombelastography was performed. Heaves-affected horses in exacerbation had greater maximum amplitude and higher functional fibrinogen than controls. Heaves-affected horses in clinical remission had greater maximum amplitude than controls. The hypercoagulable state and systemic inflammation of horses with heaves may be a consequence of pulmonary inflammation and may contribute to the perpetuation of airway dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Leclere
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 7C6, Québec, Canada.
| | - Christian Bédard
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 7C6, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Laure Cortes-Dubly
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 7C6, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Lavoie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculté de Médecine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, 3200 Sicotte, Saint-Hyacinthe, J2S 7C6, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Janot M, Cortes-Dubly ML, Rodriguez S, Huynh-Do U. Bilateral uterine vessel ligation as a model of intrauterine growth restriction in mice. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12:62. [PMID: 25004931 PMCID: PMC4105874 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) occurs in up to 10% of pregnancies and is considered as a major risk to develop various diseases in adulthood, such as cardiovascular diseases, insulin resistance, hypertension or end stage kidney disease. Several IUGR models have been developed in order to understand the biological processes linked to fetal growth retardation, most of them being rat or mouse models and nutritional models. In order to reproduce altered placental flow, surgical models have also been developed, and among them bilateral uterine ligation has been frequently used. Nevertheless, this model has never been developed in the mouse, although murine tools display multiple advantages for biological research. The aim of this work was therefore to develop a mouse model of bilateral uterine ligation as a surgical model of IUGR. RESULTS In this report, we describe the set up and experimental data obtained from three different protocols (P1, P2, P3) of bilateral uterine vessel ligation in the mouse. Ligation was either performed at the cervical end of each uterine horn (P1) or at the central part of each uterine horn (P2 and P3). Time of surgery was E16 (P1), E17 (P2) or E16.5 (P3). Mortality, maternal weight and abortion parameters were recorded, as well as placentas weights, fetal resorption, viability, fetal weight and size. Results showed that P1 in test animals led to IUGR but was also accompanied with high mortality rate of mothers (50%), low viability of fetuses (8%) and high resorption rate (25%). P2 and P3 improved most of these parameters (decreased mortality and improved pregnancy outcomes; improved fetal viability to 90% and 27%, respectively) nevertheless P2 was not associated to IUGR contrary to P3. Thus P3 experimental conditions enable IUGR with better pregnancy and fetuses outcomes parameters that allow its use in experimental studies. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that bilateral uterine artery ligation according to the protocol we have developed and validated can be used as a surgical mouse model of IUGR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Janot
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, University of Bern Medical School, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern Medical School, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Stéphane Rodriguez
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, University of Bern Medical School, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern Medical School, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Uyen Huynh-Do
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, University of Bern Medical School, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Clinical Research, Inselspital, University of Bern Medical School, Bern, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|