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Panić M, Radović M, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Radošević K, Rogošić M, Coutinho JAP, Radojčić Redovniković I, Jurinjak Tušek A. Prediction of pH Value of Aqueous Acidic and Basic Deep Eutectic Solvent Using COSMO-RS σ Profiles' Molecular Descriptors. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144489. [PMID: 35889358 PMCID: PMC9324476 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to develop a simple and easy-to-apply model to predict the pH values of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) over a wide range of pH values that can be used in daily work. For this purpose, the pH values of 38 different DESs were measured (ranging from 0.36 to 9.31) and mathematically interpreted. To develop mathematical models, DESs were first numerically described using σ profiles generated with the COSMOtherm software. After the DESs’ description, the following models were used: (i) multiple linear regression (MLR), (ii) piecewise linear regression (PLR), and (iii) artificial neural networks (ANNs) to link the experimental values with the descriptors. Both PLR and ANN were found to be applicable to predict the pH values of DESs with a very high goodness of fit (R2independent validation > 0.8600). Due to the good mathematical correlation of the experimental and predicted values, the σ profile generated with COSMOtherm could be used as a DES molecular descriptor for the prediction of their pH values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Panić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva Ulica 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (M.R.); (M.C.B.); (K.R.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Mia Radović
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva Ulica 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (M.R.); (M.C.B.); (K.R.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva Ulica 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (M.R.); (M.C.B.); (K.R.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Kristina Radošević
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva Ulica 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (M.R.); (M.C.B.); (K.R.); (A.J.T.)
| | - Marko Rogošić
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev Trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - João A. P. Coutinho
- CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Ivana Radojčić Redovniković
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva Ulica 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (M.R.); (M.C.B.); (K.R.); (A.J.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ana Jurinjak Tušek
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva Ulica 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (M.P.); (M.R.); (M.C.B.); (K.R.); (A.J.T.)
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Panić M, Radović M, Maros I, Jurinjak Tušek A, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Radojčić Redovniković I. Development of environmentally friendly lipase-catalysed kinetic resolution of (R,S)-1-phenylethyl acetate using aqueous natural deep eutectic solvents. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Panić M, Andlar M, Tišma M, Rezić T, Šibalić D, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Radojčić Redovniković I. Natural deep eutectic solvent as a unique solvent for valorisation of orange peel waste by the integrated biorefinery approach. Waste Manag 2021; 120:340-350. [PMID: 33340816 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This research investigates the use of seven natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) for valorisation of orange peel waste, with the final goal to propose a unique NADES for integrated biorefinery. Initial screening of NADESs revealed the excellent ability of cholinium-based NADES with ethylene glycol as hydrogen bond donor (ChEg50) to serve as a medium for orange peel-catalysed kinetic resolution (hydrolysis) of (R,S)-1-phenylethyl acetate with high enantioselectivity (ee = 83.2%, X = 35%), as well as it's stabilizing effect on the hydrolytic enzymes (hydrolytic enzymes within ChEg50 peel extract were stabile during 20 days at 4 °C). The ChEg50 also showed a satisfactory capacity to extract D-limonene (0.5 mg gFW-1), and excellent capacity to extract polyphenols (45.7 mg gFW-1), and proteins (7.7 mg gFW-1) from the peel. Based on the obtained results, the integrated biorefinery of orange peel waste using ChEg50 in a multistep process was performed. Firstly, enantioselective kinetic resolution was performed (step I; ee = 83.2%, X = 35%), followed by isolation of the product 1-phenylethanol (step II; h = 82.2%) and extraction of polyphenols (step III; h = 86.8%) from impoverished medium. Finally, the residual orange peel was analysed for sugar and lignin content, and results revealed the potential of waste peel for the anaerobic co-digestion process. The main bottlenecks and futures perspective of NADES-assisted integrated biorefinery of orange peel waste were outlined through SWOT analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Panić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierotijeva 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Martina Andlar
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierotijeva 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Tišma
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, Osijek HR-31000, Croatia
| | - Tonči Rezić
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierotijeva 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Darijo Šibalić
- Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, Osijek HR-31000, Croatia
| | - Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierotijeva 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Pavoković D, Košpić K, Panić M, Radojčić Redovniković I, Cvjetko Bubalo M. Natural deep eutectic solvents are viable solvents for plant cell culture-assisted stereoselective biocatalysis. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Redovnikovic IR, Panic M, Bubalo MC, Radosevic K, Srcek VG. Green solvents for green technologies. J Biotechnol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.06.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Cvjetko Bubalo M, Vidović S, Radojčić Redovniković I, Jokić S. New perspective in extraction of plant biologically active compounds by green solvents. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Bubalo MC, Radošević K, Redovniković IR, Slivac I, Srček VG. Toxicity mechanisms of ionic liquids. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2017; 68:171-179. [DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2017-68-2979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Over the past three decades a growing awareness of environmental protection prompted the development of so-called green and sustainable technologies. Therefore, academic and wider community intensively explores new chemicals and safer, more energy efficient processes based on a rational compromise between economic, social, and environmental requirements. Due to low volatility and stability, ionic liquids emerged as a potential replacement for traditional volatile and harmful organic solvents. Various studies have been carried out to validate the green character of ionic liquids, whereby data published suggest that these compounds, due to their relatively high toxicity and poor biodegradability, could have an extremely negative impact on the environment. This paper presents the current knowledge on the toxicity of ionic liquids, with a special emphasis on the mechanisms by which this group of compounds causes changes in the morphology and physiology of organisms at different organisational levels of the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Kristina Radošević
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb , Croatia
| | | | - Igor Slivac
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb , Croatia
| | - Višnja Gaurina Srček
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb , Croatia
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Panic M, Marin P, Hrestak D, Rajn M, FiCko V, Redovnikovic IR, Bubalo MC. Stereoselective biocatalysis in green solvents. J Biotechnol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.06.977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ćurko N, Tomašević M, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Gracin L, Radojčić Redovniković I, Kovačević Ganić K. Extraction of Proanthocyanidins and Anthocyanins from Grape Skin by Using Ionic Liquids. Food Technol Biotechnol 2017; 55:429-437. [PMID: 29089857 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.55.03.17.5200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, eight different types of imidazolium-based ionic liquids (ILs) were applied as new solvents in the extraction of flavonoids from grape skin, and compared to the conventional organic solvent extraction that was not reported earlier. The structure of anions, cations and concentration of ILs significantly affected extraction yields. The highest mass fractions of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins were obtained with 2.5 mol/L of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C4mim][Br] and 2.5 mol/L of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide [C2mim][Br], respectively. The studied ILs provided an excellent preliminary result in the extraction of anthocyanins. Significantly higher mass fractions of total and all free anthocyanins were extracted with 2.5 mol/L of [C2mim][Br] and 2.5 mol/L of 1-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [mim][HSO4] than with conventional solvent with the exception of anthocyanin-3-O-acetylmonoglucosides in the latter. On the other hand, 2.5 mol/L of [C4mim][Br] and 2.5 mol/L of 1-(4-sulfobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate [sC4mim][HSO4] showed significantly higher selectivity towards anthocyanin-3-O-acetylmonoglucosides and anthocyanin-3-(6-O-p-coumaroyl)monoglucosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natka Ćurko
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Tomašević
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Leo Gracin
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Radojčić Redovniković
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karin Kovačević Ganić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, Pierottijeva 6,
HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Radosevic K, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Slivac I, Gaurina Srcek V, Radojcic Redovnikovic I. Green technology meets ecotoxicology. Croat J Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.17508/cjfst.2016.8.2.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Radošević K, Ćurko N, Gaurina Srček V, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Tomašević M, Kovačević Ganić K, Radojčić Redovniković I. Natural deep eutectic solvents as beneficial extractants for enhancement of plant extracts bioactivity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2016.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Radošević K, Železnjak J, Cvjetko Bubalo M, Radojčić Redovniković I, Slivac I, Gaurina Srček V. Comparative in vitro study of cholinium-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents toward fish cell line. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2016; 131:30-36. [PMID: 27179607 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
With the advent of ionic liquids, much was expected concerning their applicability as an alternative to organic solvents in the chemical technology and biotechnology fields. However, the most studied and commonly used ionic liquids based on imidazolium and pyridinium were found not to be as environmentally friendly as it was first expected. Therefore, a new generation of alternative solvents named natural ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents, composed of natural and/or renewable compounds, have come into focus in recent years. Since the number of newly synthesized chemicals increases yearly, simple and reliable methods for their ecotoxicological assessment are necessary. Permanent fish cell lines can serve as a test system for the evaluation of a chemical's cytotoxicity. This paper presents research results on the cytotoxic effects on Channel Catfish Ovary (CCO) cell line induced by fifteen cholinium-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents. Based on the decrease in cell viability, the most obvious toxic effect on CCO cells was caused by ionic liquid choline oxalate, while other solvents tested exhibited low cytotoxicity. Therefore, we can conclude that cholinium-based ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents are comparatively less toxic to CCO cells than conventional ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Radošević
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Jelena Železnjak
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Igor Slivac
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Višnja Gaurina Srček
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Cvjetko Bubalo M, Jurinjak Tušek A, VinkoviĿ M, RadoševiĿ K, Gaurina SrĿek V, RadojĿiĿ RedovnikoviĿ I. Cholinium-based deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids for lipase-catalyzed synthesis of butyl acetate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Bubalo MC, Radošević K, Srček VG, Das RN, Popelier P, Roy K. Cytotoxicity towards CCO cells of imidazolium ionic liquids with functionalized side chains: preliminary QSTR modeling using regression and classification based approaches. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 112:22-28. [PMID: 25463849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Within this work we evaluated the cytotoxicity towards the Channel Catfish Ovary (CCO) cell line of some imidazolium-based ionic liquids containing different functionalized and unsaturated side chains. The toxic effects were measured by the reduction of the WST-1 dye after 72 h exposure resulting in dose- and structure-dependent toxicities. The obtained data on cytotoxic effects of 14 different imidazolium ionic liquids in CCO cells, expressed as EC50 values, were used in a preliminary quantitative structure-toxicity relationship (QSTR) study employing regression- and classification-based approaches. The toxicity of ILs towards CCO was chiefly related to the shape and hydrophobicity parameters of cations. A significant influence of the quantum topological molecular similarity descriptor ellipticity (ε) of the imine bond was also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Laboratory for Cell Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Radošević
- Laboratory for Cell Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Višnja Gaurina Srček
- Laboratory for Cell Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rudra Narayan Das
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Paul Popelier
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Kunal Roy
- Drug Theoretics and Cheminformatics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India; Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom.
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Radošević K, Bubalo MC, Srček VG, Grgas D, Dragičević TL, Redovniković IR. Evaluation of toxicity and biodegradability of choline chloride based deep eutectic solvents. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2015; 112:46-53. [PMID: 25463852 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been dramatically expanding in popularity as a new generation of environmentally friendly solvents with possible applications in various industrial fields, but their ecological footprint has not yet been thoroughly investigated. In the present study, three choline chloride-based DESs with glucose, glycerol and oxalic acid as hydrogen bond donors were evaluated for in vitro toxicity using fish and human cell line, phytotoxicity using wheat and biodegradability using wastewater microorganisms through closed bottle test. Obtained in vitro toxicity data on cell lines indicate that choline chloride: glucose and choline chloride:glycerol possess low cytotoxicity (EC50>10 mM for both cell lines) while choline chloride:oxalic acid possess moderate cytotoxicity (EC50 value 1.64 mM and 4.19 mM for fish and human cell line, respectively). Results on phytotoxicity imply that tested DESs are non-toxic with seed germination EC50 values higher than 5000 mg L(-1). All tested DESs were classified as'readily biodegradable' based on their high levels of mineralization (68-96%). These findings indicate that DESs have a green profile and a good prospect for a wider use in the field of green technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Radošević
- Laboratory for Cell Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Laboratory for Cell Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Višnje Gaurina Srček
- Laboratory for Cell Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dijana Grgas
- Laboratory for the Biological Waste Water Treatment, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tibela Landeka Dragičević
- Laboratory for the Biological Waste Water Treatment, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivana Radojčić Redovniković
- Laboratory for Cell Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Jakovljević T, Bubalo MC, Orlović S, Sedak M, Bilandžić N, Brozinčević I, Redovniković IR. Adaptive response of poplar (Populus nigra L.) after prolonged Cd exposure period. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2014; 21:3792-3802. [PMID: 24288057 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2292-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
An outdoor pot experiment was designed to study the changes of growth parameters, accumulation, and distribution of Cd in poplar (Populus nigra L.) during a prolonged exposure period (growing period of 17 months including three harvest points), allowing the consideration of time effects and prolonged adaptation to Cd stress. Simultaneously, changes to the antioxidant system in roots and leaves were monitored. It was demonstrated that poplar could adapt to the Cd-contaminated soils after prolonged exposure. Total Cd accumulation in the aerial parts of poplar, due to high biomass production and acceptable Cd accumulation parameters, implies that the tested poplar species could be a good candidate for Cd phytoextraction application as well as could be used as phytostabilizer of Cd in heavily polluted soil. Furthermore, the activity of the antioxidant machinery displays both a tissue- and exposure-specific response pattern to different Cd treatments, indicating that strict regulation of the antioxidant defense system is required for the adaptive response of poplar. In addition, this report highlights the importance of prolonged exposure studies of physiological responses of plants, especially for long-life-cycle woody species under heavy metal stress, since some misleading conclusions could be reached after shorter time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Jakovljević
- Croatian Forest Research Institute, Jastrebarsko, Cvjetno naselje 41, 10450, Jastrebarsko, Croatia
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Cvjetko Bubalo M, Hanousek K, Radošević K, Gaurina Srček V, Jakovljević T, Radojčić Redovniković I. Imidiazolium based ionic liquids: effects of different anions and alkyl chains lengths on the barley seedlings. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 101:116-23. [PMID: 24507136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We studied the effects of five imidiazolium based ionic liquids with different anions and length of alkyl chains linked to imidazolium ring on the early development of barley (Hordeum vulgare). The inhibitory effect depends on the ionic liquids concentration and chemical structure, whereby the most toxic one was [C10mim][Br], followed by [C7mim][Br], [C4mim][Br], [C4mim][CH3CO2] and [C4mim][BF4]. Both anion and cation structures affected the toxicity of ionic liquid indicating that selection of more biocompatible anions such as [CH3CO2] does not necessarily indicate lower toxicity. Alternation in the extent of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes activities were found in barley plants due to ionic liquid treatments. When seedlings were exposed to higher concentrations of ionic liquids, antioxidant system could not effectively remove reactive oxidative species, leading to lipid peroxidation and damage of the photosynthetic system. However, overall data indicated that the performance of barley seedling was improved when all measured enzymes involved in scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased with special emphasis on GPX activities. Since there are no studies about ionic liquid (IL) toxicity in plants, that simultaneously evaluates the antioxidative enzyme system in response to different ILs, this work is valuable for gaining knowledge about the protection mechanism of plants from oxidative stress caused by IL exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karla Hanousek
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Kristina Radošević
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Višnja Gaurina Srček
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Jakovljević
- Croatian Forest Research Institute, Cvjetno Naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia
| | - Ivana Radojčić Redovniković
- Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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Bubalo MC, Radošević K, Redovniković IR, Halambek J, Srček VG. A brief overview of the potential environmental hazards of ionic liquids. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 99:1-12. [PMID: 24210364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Over past decades ionic liquids, a promising alternative to traditional organic solvents, have been dramatically expanding in popularity as a new generation of chemicals with potential uses in various areas in industry. In the literature these compounds have often been referred to as environmentally friendly; however, in recent years the perception of their greenness dramatically changed as the scientific community began to proactively assess the risk of their application based on the entire life-cycle. This review gives a brief overview of the current knowledge regarding the potential risks linked to the application of ionic liquids - from preparation to their disposal, with special emphasis on their potential environmental impacts and future directions in designing inherently safer ionic liquids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cvjetko Bubalo
- Laboratory for Cell Culture Technology, Application and Biotransformations, Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Pierottijeva 6, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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