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Gil-Calvo M, de Paz JA, Herrero-Molleda A, Zecchin A, Gómez-Alonso MT, Alonso-Cortés B, Boullosa D. The 2-Minutes Walking Test Is Not Correlated with Aerobic Fitness Indices but with the 5-Times Sit-to-Stand Test Performance in Apparently Healthy Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel) 2024; 9:43. [PMID: 38667510 PMCID: PMC11050355 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics9020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The 2-minutes walking test (2-MWT) is a valid and reliable test that has a high correlation with the distance walked in the 6-minutes walking test (6-MWT). However, to date, no study has determined the relationship between 2-MWT performance and the aerobic fitness indices obtained during a maximal incremental test to confirm if this test is a valid surrogate of aerobic fitness in apparently healthy older adults. The main objective of this work was to identify the factors associated to the performance in the 2-MWT, including aerobic fitness, functional and spatial-temporal gait parameters. Seventeen elderly adults performed a maximal incremental cycling test to determine maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) and ventilatory thresholds (VT1 and VT2), two static standing balance tests with open and close eyes, a 5-times sit-to-stand test (5-TSTS), a handgrip test, and a 2-MWT on three different days over 2 weeks. No correlations were found between aerobic fitness indices and the distance covered in 2-MWT, but significant moderate correlations were found between the distance covered in 2-MWT and the time to perform the 5-TSTS (rho = -0.49) and with stride length (rho = 0.52) during the test. In conclusion, the 2-MWT does not seem a good test to assess aerobic capacity while it showed to be associated to the 5-TSTS performance of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gil-Calvo
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.d.P.); (A.Z.); (M.T.G.-A.); (D.B.)
| | - José Antonio de Paz
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.d.P.); (A.Z.); (M.T.G.-A.); (D.B.)
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
| | - Alba Herrero-Molleda
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.d.P.); (A.Z.); (M.T.G.-A.); (D.B.)
| | - Arthur Zecchin
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.d.P.); (A.Z.); (M.T.G.-A.); (D.B.)
| | - María Teresa Gómez-Alonso
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.d.P.); (A.Z.); (M.T.G.-A.); (D.B.)
| | | | - Daniel Boullosa
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, 24007 León, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (J.A.d.P.); (A.Z.); (M.T.G.-A.); (D.B.)
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Calvo S, González C, Lapuente-Hernández D, Cuenca-Zaldívar JN, Herrero P, Gil-Calvo M. Are physical therapy interventions effective in improving sleep in people with chronic pain? A systematic review and multivariate meta-analysis. Sleep Med 2023; 111:70-81. [PMID: 37725862 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic pain exerts an enormous personal and economic burden, with sleep disturbances being one of the most reported problems by adults with chronic pain. The aim of this study was to analyse whether different physical therapy interventions could lead to improvements in sleep quality and pain intensity in individuals with chronic pain, as well as if there is any association. A systematic review and a univariate and multivariate meta-analysis were carried out according to the PRISMA guidelines. A search in PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases was performed. Six randomised controlled trials were included in the review and four of them were included in the meta-analysis; all of them with a moderate to high methodological quality. Data from adult participants with chronic pain after different physical therapy interventions was extracted. For the meta-analysis, the Insomnia Severity Index and the Numerical Rating Scale were considered. Results from the qualitative and quantitative analysis showed that most of the physical therapy interventions included had higher improvements in the intervention group than in the control group, although the effect size was not statistically significant (univariate for sleep quality: -0.08 [-0.34, 0.18], p = 0.46; univariate for pain intensity: -0.47 [-1.24, 0.30], p = 0.18; multivariate for both outcomes: -0.27). More studies are still needed to determine which physical therapy interventions are effective to improve sleep in people with chronic pain and if there are patients with specific characteristics who may benefit more than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Calvo
- iHealthy Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; iHealthy Research Group, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Cristina González
- iHealthy Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Diego Lapuente-Hernández
- iHealthy Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; iHealthy Research Group, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Juan Nicolás Cuenca-Zaldívar
- Universidad de Alcalá, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Enfermería y Fisioterapia, Grupo de Investigación en Fisioterapia y Dolor, 28801 Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Research Group in Nursing and Health Care, Puerta de Hierro Health Research Institute-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHISA), Madrid, Spain; Primary Health Center "El Abajón", Las Rozas de Madrid, Spain.
| | - Pablo Herrero
- iHealthy Research Group, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; iHealthy Research Group, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- iHealthy Research Group, IIS Aragon, Zaragoza, Spain; Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, AMRED, Universidad de León, León, Spain.
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Herrero P, Ríos-Asín I, Lapuente-Hernández D, Pérez L, Calvo S, Gil-Calvo M. The Use of Sensors to Prevent, Predict Transition to Chronic and Personalize Treatment of Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:7695. [PMID: 37765752 PMCID: PMC10534870 DOI: 10.3390/s23187695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) is a highly prevalent condition that implies substantial expenses and affects quality of life in terms of occupational and recreational activities, physical and psychological health, and general well-being. The diagnosis and treatment are challenging processes due to the unknown underlying causes of the condition. Recently, sensors have been included in clinical practice to implement its management. In this review, we furthered knowledge about the potential benefits of sensors such as force platforms, video systems, electromyography, or inertial measure systems in the assessment process of NSLBP. We concluded that sensors could identify specific characteristics of this population like impaired range of movement, decreased stability, or disturbed back muscular activation. Sensors could provide sufferers with earlier diagnosis, prevention strategies to avoid chronic transition, and more efficient treatment approaches. Nevertheless, the review has limitations that need to be considered in the interpretation of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Herrero
- IIS Aragon—iHealthy Research Group, C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.H.); (D.L.-H.); (L.P.); (M.G.-C.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C. de Domingo Miral, S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Izarbe Ríos-Asín
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C. de Domingo Miral, S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Av. de la Ilustración, 60, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Lapuente-Hernández
- IIS Aragon—iHealthy Research Group, C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.H.); (D.L.-H.); (L.P.); (M.G.-C.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C. de Domingo Miral, S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Luis Pérez
- IIS Aragon—iHealthy Research Group, C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.H.); (D.L.-H.); (L.P.); (M.G.-C.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C. de Domingo Miral, S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Sandra Calvo
- IIS Aragon—iHealthy Research Group, C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.H.); (D.L.-H.); (L.P.); (M.G.-C.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C. de Domingo Miral, S/N, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain;
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- IIS Aragon—iHealthy Research Group, C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (P.H.); (D.L.-H.); (L.P.); (M.G.-C.)
- Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Universidad de León, Cjón. Campus Vegazana, S/N, 24007 León, Spain
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Canales R, Gil-Calvo M, Barrio VL. UV- and visible-light photocatalysis using Ni-Co bimetallic and monometallic hydrotalcite-like materials for enhanced CO 2 methanation in sabatier reaction. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18456. [PMID: 37576323 PMCID: PMC10412882 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The CO2 catalytic reduction activities of four different Co-modified Ni-based catalysts derived from hydrotalcite-like materials (HTCs) prepared by co-precipitation method were investigated under thermal and photocatalytic conditions. All catalysts were tested from 473 to 723 K at 10 bar (abs). The light intensity for photocatalytic reactions was 2.4 W cm-2. The samples were characterized to determine the effect of morphological and physicochemical properties of mono-bimetallic active phases on their methanation activity. The activity toward CO2 methanation followed the next order: Ni > Co-Ni > Co. For the monometallic Ni catalyst an increase of a 72% was achieved in the photo-catalytic activity under UV and vis light irradiation at temperatures lower by > 100 K than those in a conventional reaction. Co-modified Ni based hydrotalcite catalysts performed with stability and no deactivation for the 16 h studied under visible light for methanation at 523 K due to the presence of basic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Canales
- Bilbao School of Engineering (University of the Basque Country), Bilbao, Spain
| | - M. Gil-Calvo
- Bilbao School of Engineering (University of the Basque Country), Bilbao, Spain
| | - V. Laura Barrio
- Bilbao School of Engineering (University of the Basque Country), Bilbao, Spain
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Machado ÁS, Priego-Quesada JI, Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Carpes FP, Perez-Soriano P. Effects of different hydration supports on stride kinematics, comfort, and impact accelerations during running. Gait Posture 2022; 97:115-121. [PMID: 35917702 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2022.07.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different supports for hydration can influence total body mass and affect running biomechanics. RESEARCH QUESTION Do different hydration supports affect the perceived exertion and comfort, stride kinematics, and impact accelerations during running? METHODS This was a crossover study design. Thirteen trail runners completed a treadmill running test divided into four different durations and randomized hydration supports conditions, lasting 8 min each at moderate intensity: A) waist bag (0.84 kg); B) medium load backpack (0.84 kg); C) full load backpack (3.40 kg); and D) a control condition without water support. Impact accelerations were measured for 30 s in 4, 6, and 8 min. The rate of perceived exertion and heart rate were registered on minutes 4 and 8. At the last minute of each condition, comfort perception was registered RESULTS AND SIGNIFICANCE: No condition affected the stride kinematics. Full load backpack condition reduced head acceleration peak (-0.21 g; p = 0.04; ES=0.4) and head acceleration magnitude (-0.23 g; p = 0.03; ES=0.4), and increased shock attenuation (3.08 g; p = 0.04; ES=0.3). It also elicited higher perceived exertion (p < 0.05; ES>0.8) being considered heavier (p < 0.01; ES > 1.1). The waist bag condition was more comfortable in terms of noise (p = 0.006; ES=1.3) and humidity/heat (p = 0.001; ES=0.8). The waist bag was the most comfortable support. On the other hand, the full backpack elicited lower comfort and was the only generating compensatory adjustments. These results may help to improve design of full load backpack aiming at comfort for runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro S Machado
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Irene Jimenez-Perez
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; IIS Aragon - iHealthy, Department of physiatry and nursing, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Felipe P Carpes
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Pedro Perez-Soriano
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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da Silva W, Machado ÁS, Kunzler MR, Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Priego-Quesada JI, Carpes FP. Reproducibility of skin temperature analyses by novice and experienced evaluators using infrared thermography. J Therm Biol 2022; 110:103345. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Fernández-Sanchis D, Brandín-de la Cruz N, Jiménez-Sánchez C, Gil-Calvo M, Herrero P, Calvo S. Cost-Effectiveness of Upper Extremity Dry Needling in Chronic Stroke. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10010160. [PMID: 35052323 PMCID: PMC8775940 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10010160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dry needling is a non-pharmacological approach that has proven to be effective in different neurological conditions. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a single dry needling session in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed based on a randomized controlled clinical trial. The results obtained from the values of the EuroQol-5D questionnaire and the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale were processed in order to obtain the percentage of treatment responders and the quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for each alternative. The cost analysis was that of the hospital, clinic, or health center, including the equipment and physiotherapist. The cost per respondent and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of each alternative were assessed. Results: Twenty-three patients with stroke were selected. The cost of DN treatment was EUR 14.96, and the data analysis showed a favorable cost-effectiveness ratio of both EUR/QALY and EUR/responder for IG, although the sensitivity analysis using limit values did not confirm the dominance (higher effectiveness with less cost) of the dry needling over the sham dry needling. Conclusions: Dry needling is an affordable alternative with good results in the cost-effectiveness analysis—both immediately, and after two weeks of treatment—compared to sham dry needling in persons with chronic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fernández-Sanchis
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km.299, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (D.F.-S.); (N.B.-d.l.C.); (C.J.-S.)
| | - Natalia Brandín-de la Cruz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km.299, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (D.F.-S.); (N.B.-d.l.C.); (C.J.-S.)
| | - Carolina Jiménez-Sánchez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca Km.299, Villanueva de Gállego, 50830 Zaragoza, Spain; (D.F.-S.); (N.B.-d.l.C.); (C.J.-S.)
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- IIS Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Avda. San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (S.C.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pablo Herrero
- IIS Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Avda. San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (S.C.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Sandra Calvo
- IIS Aragon, University of Zaragoza, Avda. San Juan Bosco, 13, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; (M.G.-C.); (S.C.)
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Aparicio I, Cibrián Ortiz de Anda RM, Pérez-Soriano P. Plantar pressure distribution during running with a self-customized foot orthosis in a home microwave. J Biomech 2021; 129:110791. [PMID: 34634594 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The individualization of a custom-made foot orthosis could provide improvements in plantar loading distribution regarding a prefabricated one. However, not all runners can afford it because of its high cost. A new type of low-cost prefabricated foot orthoses with self-customization could be the solution. The aim of the study was to evaluate if self-customized prefabricated foot orthoses (SCFO) could improve plantar pressure distribution with respect to generic prefabricated ones without customization, during the intense prolonged running. Thirty healthy recreational runners performed two tests of 30 min running on a treadmill, each one with a foot orthosis condition, on different days. Mean peak pressure, pressure-time integral, relative pressure and stance time were measured at the beginning and at the end of the tests. Plantar pressure data were analyzed in nine foot regions. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVAs were performed. SCFO reduced relative pressure in metatarsals (P < 0.005) and lateral heel (P = 0.004), thanks to a greater involvement of arch area in mean peak pressure (medial: P = 0.006 and lateral: P = 0.019) and relative pressure (P < 0.001). In general, prolonged run increased pressures in forefoot, in both foot orthosis, but with lower values in metatarsals with SCFO (P < 0.022), which also helped reduce relative pressure in midfoot (P = 0.007) and medial heel (P = 0.035). Stance time was not modified in any case (P > 0.05). In conclusion, customization and better fit of a low-cost prefabricated foot orthosis can improve plantar pressure distribution during a prolonged run, being a good prevention mechanism for plantar overloading in healthy runners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Jimenez-Perez
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Universitat de València, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, Ave: Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Universitat de València, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia, 5, 22001 Huesca, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Aparicio
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Universitat de València, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, 46010 Valencia, Spain; Textile Research Institute (AITEX), Sq: Emilio Sala, 1, 03801 Alcoy, Spain
| | - Rosa Mª Cibrián Ortiz de Anda
- Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, Ave: Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Pérez-Soriano
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Universitat de València, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
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Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Salvador-Palmer R, Cibrián Ortiz de Anda RM, Pérez-Soriano P, Priego-Quesada JI. Footwear outsole temperature may be more related to plantar pressure during a prolonged run than foot temperature. Physiol Meas 2021; 42. [PMID: 34186519 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ac0fbe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective. The temperature of the sole of the foot has been suggested as an alternative to the measurement of plantar pressure during running despite the scarce evidence about their relationship. The temperature of the footwear outsole could also be representative of plantar pressure distribution due to its less multifactorial dependence. The aim of the study was to determine if plantar pressure during a prolonged run could be related to plantar temperature, either of the sole of the foot or the footwear outsole.Approach. Thirty recreational runners (15 males and 15 females) performed a 30 min running test on a treadmill. Thermographic images of the sole of the foot and the footwear outsole were taken before and immediately after the test, and dynamic plantar pressure was measured at the end of the test. Pearson correlations and stepwise multiple linear regressions were performed.Main results.Plantar pressure percentage was related to a moderate correlation with plantar temperature percentage in forefoot and rearfoot (P < 0.05), showing a greater relationship with the footwear outsole than with the sole of the foot (r = 0.52-0.73 versusr = 0.40-0.61, respectively). Moreover, moderate correlations were also observed between footwear outsole and sole of the foot temperature variables, especially in rearfoot.Significance. Footwear outsole temperature may be better related to plantar pressure distribution than sole of the foot temperature, in the forefoot and rearfoot. The midfoot is the most sensitive and variable region to analyze, as it does not seem to have any relationship with plantar pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Jimenez-Perez
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, E-46010, Valencia, Spain.,Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Ave: Blasco Ibáñez, 15, E-46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, E-46010, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Science (FCSD), University of Zaragoza, Ronda Misericordia, 5, E-22001 Huesca, Spain
| | - Rosario Salvador-Palmer
- Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Ave: Blasco Ibáñez, 15, E-46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Ma Cibrián Ortiz de Anda
- Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Ave: Blasco Ibáñez, 15, E-46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Pérez-Soriano
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, E-46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, St: Gascó Oliag, 3, E-46010, Valencia, Spain.,Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Ave: Blasco Ibáñez, 15, E-46010, Valencia, Spain
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Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Vardasca R, Fernandes RJ, Vilas-Boas JP. Pre-exercise skin temperature evolution is not related with 100 m front crawl performance. J Therm Biol 2021; 98:102926. [PMID: 34016349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
During the transition between warm-up and competition there is a change in core, muscle and (eventually) skin temperature that may affect swimming performance. We have aimed to assess skin temperature evolution during transition phases of different durations before a typical front crawl effort and to investigate its relationship with performance. Following a standardized warm-up, nine adolescent male swimmers performed three maximal randomized 100 m maximum front crawl trials after 10, 20 and 45 min transition phases. Skin temperature, performance (time, stroke frequency, length and index, and propelling efficiency), heart rate, lactate and perceived effort were assessed. Data showed a skin temperature log increase over time (R2 > 0.96, p < 0.01) without differences from the 15 min with the following instants. Performance and psychophysiological variables were similar between transition phases. However, skin temperature at the end of the transition periods, i.e., just before the 100 m trials, was lower in the 10 min than the 20 and 45 min transitions (32.0 ± 0.6 vs 33.0 ± 0.4 and 33.5 ± 0.5 °C, respectively). The main finding was that no relevant relationships were observed between pre-test skin temperature and performance times (|r| < 0.6, p > 0.05) for the studied transition phases. We have concluded that transitions longer than 10 min will not present thermal changes and that, within the physiologic limits studied, pre-exercise skin temperature does not influence swimming performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Jimenez-Perez
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP-UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain; Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP-UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Faculty of health and Sport Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Ricardo Vardasca
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP-UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; ISLA Santarem, Santarem, Portugal; Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering (INEGI), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J Fernandes
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP-UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Paulo Vilas-Boas
- Porto Biomechanics Laboratory (LABIOMEP-UP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Machado ÁS, Priego-Quesada JI, Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Carpes FP, Perez-Soriano P. Influence of infrared camera model and evaluator reproducibility in the assessment of skin temperature responses to physical exercise. J Therm Biol 2021; 98:102913. [PMID: 34016340 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Infrared thermography (IRT) has been gaining in popularity in clinical and scientific research due to the increasing availability of affordable infrared cameras. This study aims to determine the similarity of measurement performance between three models of IRT camera during assessment of skin temperature before and after physical exercise. Three models of FLIR thermographic cameras (E60bx, Flir-One Pro LT, and C2) were tested. Thermal images were taken of the foot sole, anterior leg, and anterior thigh from 12 well-trained men, before and after a 30-min run on a treadmill. Image files were blinded and processed by three evaluators to extract the mean, maximum, and standard deviation of skin temperature of the region of interest. Time for data processing and rate of perceived effort was also recorded. Data processing was slower on the E60bx (CI95% E60 vs C2 [0.2, 2.6 min], p = 0.02 and ES = 0.6); vs. Flir-One [0.0, 3.4 min], p = 0.03 and ES = 0.6) and was associated with lower effort perception (E60 3.0 ± 0.1 vs. Flir-One 5.6 ± 0.2 vs C2 7.0 ± 0.2 points; p < 0.001 and ES > 0.8). The C2 and Flir-One cameras underestimated the temperature compared with the E60. In general, measuring mean temperature provided higher camera and examiner intra-class correlations than maximum and standard deviation, especially before exercise. Moreover, post exercise mean skin temperatures provided the most consistent values across cameras and evaluators. We recommend the use of mean temperature and caution when using more than one camera model in a study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro S Machado
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Irene Jimenez-Perez
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Marina Gil-Calvo
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Faculty of health and Sport Sciences, Department of Physiatry and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Huesca, Spain
| | - Felipe Pivetta Carpes
- Applied Neuromechanics Group, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Brazil
| | - Pedro Perez-Soriano
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Requena-Bueno L, Priego-Quesada JI, Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Pérez-Soriano P. Validation of ThermoHuman automatic thermographic software for assessing foot temperature before and after running. J Therm Biol 2020; 92:102639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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13
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Jimenez-Perez I, Gil-Calvo M, Priego-Quesada JI, Aparicio I, Pérez-Soriano P, Ortiz de Anda RMC. Effect of prefabricated thermoformable foot orthoses on plantar surface temperature after running: A gender comparison. J Therm Biol 2020; 91:102612. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2020.102612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Gil-Calvo M, Jimenez-Perez I, Priego-Quesada JI, Lucas-Cuevas ÁG, Pérez-Soriano P. Effect of custom-made and prefabricated foot orthoses on kinematic parameters during an intense prolonged run. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230877. [PMID: 32214390 PMCID: PMC7098605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Foot orthoses are one of the most used strategies by healthy runners in injury prevention and performance improvement. However, their effect on running kinematics throughout an intense prolonged run in this population is unknown. Moreover, there is some controversy regarding the use of custom-made versus prefabricated foot orthoses. This study analysed the effect of different foot orthoses (custom-made, prefabricated and a control condition) on spatio-temporal and angular (knee flexion and foot eversion) kinematic parameters and their behaviour during an intense prolonged run. Twenty-four recreational runners performed three similar tests that consisted of running 20 min on a treadmill at 80% of their maximal aerobic speed, each one with a different foot orthosis condition. Contact and flight time, and stride length and stride rate were measured every 5 min by an optical measurement photoelectric cell system. Knee flexion and foot eversion kinematic parameters were measured by two high-speed cameras. No significant differences were found between the different foot orthoses in any of the time points studied and between the interaction of foot orthosis and behaviour over time, in any of the variables studied (P > 0.05). The use of custom-made and prefabricated foot orthoses during an intense prolonged run does not produce changes in spatio-temporal and kinematic parameters in healthy runners. These results suggest that a healthy runner maintains its ideal movement pattern throughout a 20 minute prolonged run, regardless the type of foot orthosis used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Gil-Calvo
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Irene Jimenez-Perez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Ignacio Priego-Quesada
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Physiology, Research Group in Medical Physics (GIFIME), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel G. Lucas-Cuevas
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pedro Pérez-Soriano
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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15
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Gil-Calvo M, Priego-Quesada JI, Jimenez-Perez I, Lucas-Cuevas A, Pérez-Soriano P. Effects of prefabricated and custom-made foot orthoses on skin temperature of the foot soles after running. Physiol Meas 2019; 40:054004. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/ab1c8c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Priego Quesada JI, Gil-Calvo M, Jimenez-Perez I, Lucas-Cuevas ÁG, Pérez-Soriano P. Relationship between foot eversion and thermographic foot skin temperature after running. Appl Opt 2017; 56:5559-5565. [PMID: 29047517 DOI: 10.1364/ao.56.005559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The main instruments to assess foot eversion have some limitations (especially for field applications), and therefore it is necessary to explore new methods. The objective was to determine the relationship between foot eversion and skin temperature asymmetry of the foot sole (difference between medial and lateral side), using infrared thermography. Twenty-two runners performed a running test lasting 30 min. Skin temperature of the feet soles was measured by infrared thermography before and after running. Foot eversion during running was measured by kinematic analysis. Immediately after running, weak negative correlations were observed between thermal symmetry of the rearfoot and eversion at contact time, and between thermal symmetry of the entire plantar surface of the foot and maximum eversion during stance phase (r=-0.3 and p=0.04 in both cases). Regarding temperature variations, weak correlations were also observed (r=0.4 and p<0.05). The weak correlations observed in this study suggest that skin temperature is not related to foot eversion. However, these results open interesting future lines of research.
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Priego Quesada JI, Lucas-Cuevas AG, Gil-Calvo M, Giménez JV, Aparicio I, Cibrián Ortiz de Anda RM, Salvador Palmer R, Llana-Belloch S, Pérez-Soriano P. Effects of graduated compression stockings on skin temperature after running. J Therm Biol 2015; 52:130-6. [PMID: 26267507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High skin temperatures reduce the thermal gradient between the core and the skin and they can lead to a reduction in performance and increased risk of injury. Graduated compression stockings have become popular among runners in the last years and their use may influence the athlete's thermoregulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of graduated compression stockings on skin temperature during running in a moderate indoor environment. Forty-four runners performed two running tests lasting 30min (10min of warm-up and 20min at 75% of their maximal aerobic speed) with and without graduated compressive stockings. Skin temperature was measured in 12 regions of interest on the lower limb by infrared thermography before and after running. Heart rate and perception of fatigue were assessed during the last minute of the running test. Compression stockings resulted in greater increase of temperature (p=0.002 and ES=2.2, 95% CI [0.11-0.45°C]) not only in the body regions in contact (tibialis anterior, ankle anterior and gastrocnemius) but also in the body regions that were not in contact with the garment (vastus lateralis, abductor and semitendinosus). No differences were observed between conditions in heart rate and perception of fatigue (p>0.05 and ES<0.8). In conclusion, running with graduated compression stockings produces a greater increase of skin temperature without modifying the athlete's heart rate and perception of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- J I Priego Quesada
- Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Biophysics and Medical Physics Group, Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - A G Lucas-Cuevas
- Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - M Gil-Calvo
- Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - J V Giménez
- Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - I Aparicio
- Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R M Cibrián Ortiz de Anda
- Biophysics and Medical Physics Group, Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Salvador Palmer
- Biophysics and Medical Physics Group, Department of Physiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - S Llana-Belloch
- Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - P Pérez-Soriano
- Research Group in Sport Biomechanics (GIBD), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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