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Strumolo MJ, Eremin DB, Wang S, Mora Perez C, Prezhdo OV, Figueroa JS, Brutchey RL. Formation of a P 162- Ink from Elemental Red Phosphorus in a Thiol-Amine Mixture. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:6197-6201. [PMID: 37039460 PMCID: PMC10131223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
A P162- polyphosphide dianion ink was produced by the reaction of red phosphorus with a binary thiol-amine mixture of ethanethiol (ET) and ethylenediamine (en). The polyphosphide was identified by solution 31P NMR spectroscopy and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. This solute was compared to the reaction products of white phosphorus (P4) and other elemental pnictides in the same solvent system. The reaction of P4 with ET and en gives the same P162- polyphosphide; however, the easier handling and lower reactivity of red phosphorus highlights the novelty of that reaction. Elemental arsenic and antimony both give mononuclear pnictogen-sulfide-thiolate complexes upon reaction with ET and en under otherwise identical conditions, with this difference likely resulting from the greater covalency and tendency of phosphorus to form P-P bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa J Strumolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Dmitry B Eremin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- The Bridge@USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Shuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Carlos Mora Perez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Oleg V Prezhdo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Joshua S Figueroa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California─San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Richard L Brutchey
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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Koskela K, Mora Perez C, Eremin DB, Evans JM, Strumolo MJ, Lewis NS, Prezhdo OV, Brutchey RL. Polymorphic Control of Solution-Processed Cu 2SnS 3 Films with Thiol-Amine Ink Formulation. Chem Mater 2022; 34:8654-8663. [PMID: 36248230 PMCID: PMC9558449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing demand for tailored molecular inks that produce phase-pure solution-processed semiconductor films. Within the Cu-Sn-S phase space, Cu2SnS3 belongs to the I2-IV-VI3 class of semiconductors that crystallizes in several different polymorphs. We report the ability of thiol-amine solvent mixtures to dissolve inexpensive bulk Cu2S and SnO precursors to generate free-flowing molecular inks. Upon mild annealing, polymorphic control over phase-pure tetragonal (I4̅2m) and orthorhombic (Cmc21) Cu2SnS3 films was realized simply by switching the identity of the thiol (i.e., 1,2-ethanedithiol vs 2-mercaptoethanol, respectively). Polymorph control is dictated by differences in the resulting molecular metal-thiolate complexes and their subsequent decomposition profiles, which likely seed distinct Cu2-x S phases that template the ternary sulfide sublattice. The p-type tetragonal and orthorhombic Cu2SnS3 films possess similar experimental direct optical band gaps of 0.94 and 0.88 eV, respectively, and strong photoelectrochemical current responses. Understanding how ink formulation dictates polymorph choice should inform the development of other thiol-amine inks for solution-processed films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristopher
M. Koskela
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Carlos Mora Perez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Dmitry B. Eremin
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- The
Bridge@USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jake M. Evans
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Marissa J. Strumolo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Nathan S. Lewis
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Oleg V. Prezhdo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Richard L. Brutchey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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