1
|
Poncet M, Spotorno S, Jackson MC. Competition between emotional faces in visuospatial working memory. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn 2024:2024-58771-001. [PMID: 38421789 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Visuospatial working memory (VSWM) helps track the identity and location of people during social interactions. Previous work showed better VSWM when all faces at encoding displayed a happy compared to an angry expression, reflecting a prosocial preference for monitoring who was where. However, social environments are not typically uniform, and certain expressions may more strongly compete for and bias face monitoring according to valence and/or arousal properties. Here, we used heterogeneous encoding displays in which two faces shared one emotion and two shared another, and asked participants to relocate a central neutral probe face after a blank delay. When considering the emotion of the probed face independently of the co-occurring emotion at encoding, an overall happy benefit was replicated. However, accuracy was modulated by the nonprobed emotion, with a relocation benefit for angry over sad, happy over fearful, and sad over happy faces. These effects did not depend on encoding fixation time, stimulus arousal, perceptual similarity, or response bias. Thus, emotional competition for faces in VSWM is complex and appears to rely on more than simple arousal- or valence-biased mechanisms. We propose a "social value (SV)" account to better explain when and why certain emotions may be prioritized in VSWM. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
Collapse
|
2
|
Chakravarthi R, Nordqvist A, Poncet M, Adamian N. Fundamental units of numerosity estimation. Cognition 2023; 239:105565. [PMID: 37487302 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Humans can approximately enumerate a large number of objects at a single glance. While several mechanisms have been proposed to account for this ability, the fundamental units over which they operate remain unclear. Previous studies have argued that estimation mechanisms act only on topologically distinct units or on units formed by spatial grouping cues such as proximity and connectivity, but not on units grouped by similarity. Over four experiments, we tested this claim by systematically assessing and demonstrating that similarity grouping leads to underestimation, just as spatial grouping does. Ungrouped objects with the same low-level properties as grouped objects did not cause underestimation. Further, the underestimation caused by spatial and similarity grouping was additive, suggesting that these grouping processes operate independently. These findings argue against the proposal that estimation mechanisms operate solely on topological units. Instead, we conclude that estimation processes act on representations constructed after Gestalt grouping principles, whether similarity based or spatial, have organised incoming visual input.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andy Nordqvist
- School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| | - Marlene Poncet
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, United Kingdom.
| | - Nika Adamian
- School of Psychology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Poncet M, Ales JM. Estimating neural activity from visual areas using functionally defined EEG templates. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:1846-1861. [PMID: 36655286 PMCID: PMC9980892 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a common and inexpensive method to record neural activity in humans. However, it lacks spatial resolution making it difficult to determine which areas of the brain are responsible for the observed EEG response. Here we present a new easy-to-use method that relies on EEG topographical templates. Using MRI and fMRI scans of 50 participants, we simulated how the activity in each visual area appears on the scalp and averaged this signal to produce functionally defined EEG templates. Once created, these templates can be used to estimate how much each visual area contributes to the observed EEG activity. We tested this method on extensive simulations and on real data. The proposed procedure is as good as bespoke individual source localization methods, robust to a wide range of factors, and has several strengths. First, because it does not rely on individual brain scans, it is inexpensive and can be used on any EEG data set, past or present. Second, the results are readily interpretable in terms of functional brain regions and can be compared across neuroimaging techniques. Finally, this method is easy to understand, simple to use and expandable to other brain sources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Poncet
- School of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK
| | - Justin M. Ales
- School of Psychology and NeuroscienceUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reddy L, Zoefel B, Possel JK, Peters J, Dijksterhuis DE, Poncet M, van Straaten ECW, Baayen JC, Idema S, Self MW. Human Hippocampal Neurons Track Moments in a Sequence of Events. J Neurosci 2021; 41:6714-6725. [PMID: 34183446 PMCID: PMC8336696 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3157-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An indispensable feature of episodic memory is our ability to temporally piece together different elements of an experience into a coherent memory. Hippocampal time cells-neurons that represent temporal information-may play a critical role in this process. Although these cells have been repeatedly found in rodents, it is still unclear to what extent similar temporal selectivity exists in the human hippocampus. Here, we show that temporal context modulates the firing activity of human hippocampal neurons during structured temporal experiences. We recorded neuronal activity in the human brain while patients of either sex learned predictable sequences of pictures. We report that human time cells fire at successive moments in this task. Furthermore, time cells also signaled inherently changing temporal contexts during empty 10 s gap periods between trials while participants waited for the task to resume. Finally, population activity allowed for decoding temporal epoch identity, both during sequence learning and during the gap periods. These findings suggest that human hippocampal neurons could play an essential role in temporally organizing distinct moments of an experience in episodic memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Episodic memory refers to our ability to remember the what, where, and when of a past experience. Representing time is an important component of this form of memory. Here, we show that neurons in the human hippocampus represent temporal information. This temporal signature was observed both when participants were actively engaged in a memory task, as well as during 10-s-long gaps when they were asked to wait before performing the task. Furthermore, the activity of the population of hippocampal cells allowed for decoding one temporal epoch from another. These results suggest a robust representation of time in the human hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Reddy
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Université de Toulouse III, Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5549, Faculté de Médecine de Purpan, Toulouse 31052, France
- Artificial and Natural Intelligence Toulouse Institute, Toulouse 31052, France
| | - Benedikt Zoefel
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Université de Toulouse III, Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5549, Faculté de Médecine de Purpan, Toulouse 31052, France
| | - Jessy K Possel
- Vision and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Peters
- Vision and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cognitive Neuroscience Department, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 EV Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Doris E Dijksterhuis
- Vision and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marlene Poncet
- Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Université de Toulouse III, Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5549, Faculté de Médecine de Purpan, Toulouse 31052, France
- School of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, KY16 9JP St. Andrews, Scotland
| | - Elisabeth C W van Straaten
- Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes C Baayen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander Idema
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew W Self
- Vision and Cognition Group, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Poncet M, Fabre‐Thorpe M, Chakravarthi R. A simple rule to describe interactions between visual categories. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:4639-4666. [DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Poncet
- CerCo Université de ToulouseCNRSUPS Toulouse France
- School of Psychology University of St Andrews St Andrews UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Poncet M, Ales J. Dramatic effect of duty-cycle on brain response and motion perception. J Vis 2019. [DOI: 10.1167/19.10.211c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
7
|
Poncet M, Schmidt J, Moustafa F. Pneumomédiastin post-traumatique isolé. Ann Fr Med Urgence 2019. [DOI: 10.3166/afmu-2019-0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
8
|
Gallini A, Yrondi A, Cantet C, Poncet M, Vellas B, Schmitt L, Andrieu S. Red Blood Cell Omega-3 Fatty Acid Composition and Psychotropic Drug Use in Older Adults: Results from the MAPT Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:805-812. [PMID: 31641729 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1252-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Low docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) concentration has been associated with the development of some psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVES to assess the association between red blood cell (RBC) DHA-EPA concentration and psychotropic drug use in older adults and between the 1-year change in RBC DHA-EPA and psychotropic drug use at 12 months. DESIGN secondary analysis of multicenter, randomized controlled trial testing multidomain intervention and/or n-3 PUFA supplement on cognitive function (MAPT study). SETTING France, 2008-2014. PARTICIPANTS 1680 participants ≥70 years, community-dwelling were included. MEASUREMENTS Psychotropic drug use was self-reported during medical interviews and assessments. RBC n-3 PUFA concentration was defined by % of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) among total fatty acids. Logistic regressions models controlling for age, sex, education, depression risk and intervention group were used. RESULTS 1594 participants had baseline DHA-EPA concentration available (mean age=75.5±4.5 years, 65% females). At baseline, participants with DHA-EPA ≤4.82% (lowest quartile) reported higher prevalence of use of overall psychotropic drugs (34.0% vs 24.4%; aOR=1.33, 95%CI=[1.03-1.72]), anxiolytic/hypnotic drugs (25.0% vs 18.2%; aOR=1.42, 95%CI=[1.07-1.89]), and antidepressants (18.3% vs 13.5%; aOR=1.25, 95%CI=[0.93-1.72]) than participants with higher DHA-EPA. Participants who experienced an increase in DHA-EPA from baseline were less likely to use a psychotropic drug at 12 months than participants with no change or a decrease (aOR=0.72, 95%CI=[0.55-0.96]). CONCLUSION Low RBC DHA-EPA concentration was independently associated with psychotropic drug use. Future studies are needed to assess whether low RBC DHA-EPA is a risk marker for psychotropic drug use in older adults and to better understand underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov database (NCT00672685).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gallini
- Adeline Gallini, PharmD, PhD, Epidemiology Department 37 allées Jules Guesde, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, Tel : +33 5 61 14 56 81, Fax : + 33 5 62 26 42 40, Email :
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- N. Girard
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Nord; Marseille
| | - M. Poncet
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Nord; Marseille
| | - Y. Tallon
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Nord; Marseille
| | | | - C. Raybaud
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Nord; Marseille
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fabre-Thorpe M, Delorme A, Poncet M. Briefly flashed scenes can be stored in long-term memory. J Vis 2014. [DOI: 10.1167/14.10.850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
11
|
|
12
|
Fandiño J, Silva M, Izquierdo P, Candal A, Díaz I, Fernández C, Gesto C, Poncet M, Soto M, Triana G, Losada C, Mariño A. CBCT-guided RapidArc® for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) in lung tumors. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
13
|
Fandiño J, Triana G, Gesto C, Díaz I, Candal A, Fernández C, Izquierdo P, Poncet M, Silva M, Soto M, Losada C, Mariño A. RapidArc® for head and neck cancer (200 patients experience). Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
14
|
Fandiño J, Gesto C, Candal A, Díaz I, Fernández C, Pilar I, Poncet M, Silva M, Soto M, Triana G, Losada C, Mariño A. Fast implementation of RapidArc® in a busy centre. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2013.03.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
|
15
|
Poncet M, Reddy L, Fabre-Thorpe M. Presentation time does not affect superordinate-level advantage in ultra-rapid categorization. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
16
|
Poncet M, Reddy L, Fabre-Thorpe M. A need for more information uptake but not focused attention to access basic-level representations. J Vis 2012; 12:15. [DOI: 10.1167/12.1.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
17
|
Montlahuc C, Soumare A, Dufouil C, Berr C, Dartigues JF, Poncet M, Tzourio C, Alperovitch A. Self-rated health and risk of incident dementia: A community-based elderly cohort, the 3C Study. Neurology 2011; 77:1457-64. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31823303e1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
|
18
|
Poncet M, Reddy L, Fabre-Thorpe M. Basic-level object categorization of natural scenes in the near-absence of focal attention. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
|
19
|
Ryan J, Carrière I, Scali J, Dartigues JF, Tzourio C, Poncet M, Ritchie K, Ancelin ML. Characteristics of hormone therapy, cognitive function, and dementia: the prospective 3C Study. Neurology 2009; 73:1729-37. [PMID: 19933973 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181c34b0c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between hormone therapy (HT) and cognitive performance or dementia, focusing on the duration and type of treatment used, as well as the timing of initiation of HT in relation to the menopause. METHODS Women 65 years and older were recruited in France as part of the Three City Study. At baseline and 2- and 4-year follow-up, women were administered a short cognitive test battery and a clinical diagnosis of dementia was made. Detailed information was also gathered relating to current and past HT use. Analysis was adjusted for a number of sociodemographic, behavioral, physical, and mental health variables, as well as APOE epsilon4. RESULTS Among 3,130 naturally postmenopausal women, current HT users performed significantly better than never users on verbal fluency, working memory, and psychomotor speed. These associations varied according to the type of treatment and a longer duration of HT appeared to be more beneficial. However, initiation of HT close to the menopause was not associated with better cognition. HT did not significantly reduce dementia risk over 4 years but current treatment diminished the negative effect associated with APOE epsilon4. CONCLUSIONS Current hormone therapy (HT) was associated with better performance in certain cognitive domains but these associations are dependent on the duration and type of treatment used. We found no evidence that HT needs to be initiated close to the menopause to have a beneficial effect on cognitive function in later life. Current HT may decrease the risk of dementia associated with the APOE epsilon4 allele.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ryan
- INSERM U888, Nervous System Pathologies: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Hôpital La Colombière, BP 34493, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Didic M, Barbeau E, Felician O, Guedj E, Ranjeva JP, Cozzone P, De Anna F, Poncet M, Ceccaldi M. O3-2 Diagnostic de la maladie d’Alzheimer au stade prodromal : Suivi longitudinal de patients MCI présentant une dysfonction soushippocampique. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(09)72597-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
21
|
Guedj E, Barbeau E, Didic M, Felician O, Ranjeva JP, Poncet M, Cozzone P, Mundler O, Ceccaldi M. O2-3 Déafférentation et compensation fonctionnelles au stade prodromal de la maladie d’Alzheimer. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(09)72592-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
22
|
Cunliffe W, Caputo R, Dreno B, Förström L, Heenen M, Orfanos C, Privat Y, Aguilar AR, Poncet M, Verschoore M. Efficacy and safety comparison of adapalene (CD271) gel and tretinoin gel in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris. A European multicentre trial. J DERMATOL TREAT 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/09546639709160514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
23
|
Tramoni E, Didic M, Barbeau E, Joubert S, Felician O, Poncet M, Ceccaldi M. L’amnésie pure progressive : un syndrome amnésique avec préservation de l’autonomie. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009; 165:549-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2008.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2008] [Revised: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
Felician O, Tramoni E, Barbeau E, Bartolomei F, Guye M, Poncet M, Ceccaldi M. Amnésie autobiographique isolée : une origine neurologique ? Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009; 165:449-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2008.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2007] [Revised: 09/24/2008] [Accepted: 11/17/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
25
|
Soto ME, Andrieu S, Arbus C, Ceccaldi M, Couratier P, Dantoine T, Dartigues JF, Gillette-Guyonnet S, Nourhashemi F, Ousset PJ, Poncet M, Portet F, Touchon J, Vellas B. Rapid cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. Consensus paper. J Nutr Health Aging 2008; 12:703-13. [PMID: 19043645 DOI: 10.1007/bf03028618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2022]
Abstract
The rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) varies considerably between individuals, with some subjects showing substantial deterioration and others showing little or no change over the course of the disease. These wide variations support the relatively new concept of Rapid Cognitive Decline (RCD). Patients with an accelerated rate of cognitive decline have showed to present a worse evolution in terms of mortality, loss of autonomy and institutionalisation. The conclusions from RCD studies conducted in the past years remain very heterogeneous and sometimes contradictory. This is possibly due to methodological differences, mainly the different "a priori" definitions of RCD used to identify rapid decliners. Consequently of this, there is considerable variation in reported frequency of patients with RCD which may vary from 9.5% to 54%. The lack of both consensus definition and consensual clinical assessment tools is one of the major barriers for establishing an appropriated management of rapid decliners in clinical practice. Presently, management of rapid decliners in AD remains to be a challenge waiting to better know predictive factors of a RCD. To date no specific guidelines exist to follow-up or to treat patients with this condition. This consensus paper proposes the loss of 3 points or greater in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) during six months as an empirical definition of rapid cognitive decline to be used in routine medical practice and to be relevant for clinical-decision making in patients with mild to moderately-severe AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Soto
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Artero S, Ancelin ML, Portet F, Dupuy A, Berr C, Dartigues JF, Tzourio C, Rouaud O, Poncet M, Pasquier F, Auriacombe S, Touchon J, Ritchie K. Risk profiles for mild cognitive impairment and progression to dementia are gender specific. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2008; 79:979-84. [PMID: 18450788 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.136903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and progression to dementia in a prospective community-based study of subjects aged 65 years and over. METHODS 6892 participants who were over 65 and without dementia were recruited from a population-based cohort in three French cities. Cognitive performance, clinical diagnosis of dementia, and clinical and environmental risk factors were evaluated at baseline and 2-year and 4-year follow-ups. RESULTS 42% of the population were classified as having MCI at baseline. After adjustment for confounding with logistic regression models, men and women classified as having MCI were more likely to have depressive symptomatology and to be taking anticholinergic drugs. Men were also more likely to have a higher body mass index, diabetes and stroke, whereas women were more likely to have poor subjective health, to be disabled, to be socially isolated, and to suffer from insomnia. The principal adjusted risk factors for men for progression from MCI to dementia in descending order were ApoE4 allele (OR = 3.2, 95% CI 1.7 to 5.7), stroke (OR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.2 to 6.9), low level of education (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.3 to 4.1), loss of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.5) and age (OR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.2). In women, progression is best predicted by IADL loss (OR = 3.5, 95% CI 2.1 to 5.9), ApoE4 allele (OR = 2.3, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.0), low level of education (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.6), subclinical depression (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.6), use of anticholinergic drugs (OR = 1.8, 95% CI 1.0 to 3.0) and age (OR = 1.1, 95% CI 1.1 to 1.2). CONCLUSIONS Men and women have different risk profiles for both MCI and progression to dementia. Intervention programmes should focus principally on risk of stroke in men and depressive symptomatology and use of anticholinergic medication in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Artero
- Inserm U888, Nervous System Pathologies: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, La Colombière Hospital, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dartigues JF, Poncet M. [Treatment of Alzheimer's disease with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2008; 164 Spec No 2:F107. [PMID: 18680827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J-F Dartigues
- CMRR, service de neurologie, CHU Pellegrin, Bordeaux.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ceccaldi M, Didic M, Barbeau E, Guedj E, Ranjeva JP, Félician O, Poncet M. Quel profil de déficit mnésique dans la maladie d’Alzheimer dans sa phase prédémentielle ? Rev Neurol (Paris) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(07)90377-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
29
|
Benoit M, Arbus C, Blanchard F, Camus V, Cerase V, Clement JP, Fremont P, Guerin O, Hazif Thomas C, Jeanblanc F, Lafont C, Moreaud O, Pedra M, Poncet M, Richard Harston S, Rigaud AS, Sotto Martin ME, Touchon J, Vellas B, Fitten LJ, Robert PH. Professional consensus on the treatment of agitation, aggressive behaviour, oppositional behaviour and psychotic disturbances in dementia. J Nutr Health Aging 2006; 10:410-5. [PMID: 17066213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Benoit
- CM2R, CHU de Nice, Nice, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
The DMS48 is a visual recognition memory test designed to detect memory changes in early Alzheimer disease (AD). Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) who succeeded on this task exhibited frontal hypoperfusion on SPECT. In contrast, failure was associated with temporomesial and temporoparietal hypoperfusion, a pattern usually described in the early stages of AD. It may possible to detect patients at high risk for AD within a population of aMCI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Guedj
- Service Central de Biophysique et de Médecine Nucléaire, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de la Timone, Marseille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Yousefzadeh C, Barbeau E, Ranjeva J, Didic M, Sontheimer A, Cozzone P, Poncet M, Ceccaldi M. P2-13 Les structures du lobe temporal interne chez les patients amnestic MCI : une atrophie globale ou locale ? Rev Neurol (Paris) 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(05)85341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
32
|
Barbeau E, Ranjeva J, Didic M, Felician O, Cozzone P, Ceccaldi M, Poncet M. O3-3 DMS48 : étude en VBM de l’atrophie corticale dans un groupe de amnestic MCI. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(05)85305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
33
|
Guedj E, Barbeau E, Didic M, Félician O, Mundler O, Ceccaldi M, Poncet M. P2-5 DMS 48 et Étude de la perfusion cérébrale dans un groupe de amnestic MCI. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(05)85333-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
34
|
Reygagne P, Mrowietz U, Decroix J, de Waard-van der Spek FB, Acebes LO, Figueiredo A, Caputo R, Poncet M, Arsonnaud S. Clobetasol propionate shampoo 0.05% and calcipotriol solution 0.005%: a randomized comparison of efficacy and safety in subjects with scalp psoriasis. J DERMATOL TREAT 2005; 16:31-6. [PMID: 15897165 DOI: 10.1080/09546630410024853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scalp involvement in psoriatic patients represents a common issue. Treatment of the hairy skin requires adequate pharmaceutical formulations; hence, a new specific shampoo formulation of clobetasol propionate 0.05% was developed by Galderma R&D, Inc. METHODS For this multicenter, randomized, investigator-masked, parallel group study, 151 subjects with moderate to severe scalp psoriasis were randomized to 4 weeks of treatment with clobetasol propionate shampoo or calcipotriol solution. RESULTS Clobetasol propionate demonstrated significantly superior efficacy to calcipotriol solution (total severity score: mean difference 0.51, 95% CI 0.05-0.97, p = 0.028; global severity score: mean difference 0.43, 95% CI 0.08-0.78, p = 0.016). Adverse events were more common in the calcipotriol group than in the clobetasol propionate shampoo group. Telangiectasia and skin atrophy did not differ significantly between treatments; however, a burning sensation was significantly more common in the calcipotriol solution group. CONCLUSIONS Short contact therapy of scalp psoriasis with this new shampoo formulation of clobetasol propionate was significantly more effective and better tolerated than calcipotriol solution for the treatment of scalp psoriasis.
Collapse
|
35
|
Abstract
The authors report the longitudinal case study of a patient with the right temporal variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration. His deficit, initially limited to visuoperceptual disturbances, progressed 2 years later to a severe semantic breakdown. Neuroimaging data indicate that the underlying degenerative process, initially confined to unimodal visual associative cortices, progressed along the ventral pathways to multimodal areas in charge of integrating knowledge from various modalities (the anterior temporal lobes).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Joubert
- Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, AP-HM Timone, Marseille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Abstract
The perirhinal cortex is a structure that lies within the medial temporal lobe. In the present paper, we review current knowledge of the anatomical boundaries and functional correlates of this structure. In the past decade, numerous animal studies have attempted to understand the contribution of the perirhinal cortex to memory. Taken together, they suggest that the perirhinal cortex is crucially involved in recognition memory. This function appears to be independent from those assumed to be subserved by the hippocampus. In humans, data are scarce but tend to corroborate results found in the animal literature. The perirhinal cortex appears to support context-free (non-episodic) knowledge, such as general knowledge about the world and "item-specific" memories. Models of declarative memory that take into account the specific contribution of the perirhinal cortex are discussed, along with their potential application to early cortical neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Barbeau
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie et Neuropsychologie (INSERM EMI-U 9926), Faculté de Médecine, Marseille.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibrillary tangles seen early in Alzheimer disease (AD) initially appear in a subregion of the perirhinal cortex. In the monkey, damage to the perirhinal cortex impairs performance on visual recognition memory tasks. The authors evaluated impairment of visual recognition memory as a potential early diagnostic marker of AD. METHODS The authors developed a visual delayed matching-to-sample task (DMS48) designed to assess visual recognition memory in humans. Twenty-three patients fulfilling the criteria of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (mean Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]: 26.6, SD = 1.6) were recruited. All underwent a full neuropsychological evaluation, which included the Free and Cued Selective Reminding (FCSR) test. Their performance was compared with that of 10 patients with mild AD, 20 patients with moderate AD, 20 patients with Parkinson disease (PD), and 40 age-matched controls. RESULTS Control subjects and patients with PD performed close to ceiling. Patients with mild AD had very low scores, while patients with moderate AD answered at random. MCI patients obtained scores that were between those of control subjects and patients with mild AD (78%, SD = 16%). MCI patients who failed on the DMS48 had lower scores on free recall (p < 0.05) and received less benefit from cueing (p < 0.01) on the FCSR than the other MCI, suggesting a profile of genuine memory impairment related to medial temporal lobe lesions. CONCLUSION The DMS48, a test of visual recognition memory, is impaired early in the course of patients with MCI. Further studies are necessary to determine whether the evaluation of visual recognition memory may contribute to the identification of patients with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Barbeau
- Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie et Neuropsychologie, Inserm EMI-U 9926, Faculté de Médecine, Univ. Mediterranee, Marseille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Joubert S, Mauries S, Barbeau E, Felician O, Ceccaldi M, Poncet M. Étude de l’effet du contexte épisodique dans le rappel d’événements autobiographiques dans un cas de démence sémantique. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(04)70955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
39
|
Barbeau E, Didic M, Tramoni E, Felician O, Joubert S, Sontheimer A, Ceccaldi M, Poncet M. La mémoire de reconnaissance visuelle dans la maladie d’alzheimer. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(04)70949-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
40
|
Poncet M, Chevalier A, Bumsel F, Lahon G. [Mortality among active workers at EDG-GDF: social and occupational disparities and evolution]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2003; 51:481-91. [PMID: 14657795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Two studies, conducted in the eighties and the nineties, reported that mortality was lower in the French national electric and gas company (EDF-GDF) the utility workers than in the general French population. The purpose of our study was to compare the mortality of these 140,000 utility workers to that of the French population of the same age for the period from 1997 to 2001. Secondly we aimed to assess the disparities of mortality among the workforce according to demographic and socioprofessional criteria. Finally, we analyzed the evolution of this mortality over the last twenty years. METHODS We undertook a cross-sectional study using the indirect standardization method. RESULTS Risk of death was lower in the utility workers than in the French population (SMR=54% for men, and 58% for women). These differences had increased over the last twenty years for each main cause of death (cancers, cardio-vascular diseases and accidents). The reported excess of brain cancer death risk raises etiologic questions. Moreover, we noticed important social disparities in the workforce, increasing with time. CONCLUSION The well-known "healthy worker effect" seems to be particularly important in the EDF-GDF company. The workers have a high level of living conditions and good working conditions, although internal social disparities persist. Further studies in other large corporations are greatly needed for comparisons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Poncet
- Service Général de Médecine de Contrôle, EDF-GDF, 22-28, rue Joubert, 75009 Paris
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Magnié MN, Besson M, Poncet M, Dolisi C. The Snodgrass and Vanderwart set revisited: norms for object manipulability and for pictorial ambiguity of objects, chimeric objects, and nonobjects. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2003; 25:521-60. [PMID: 12911106 DOI: 10.1076/jcen.25.4.521.13873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a standardized set of 480 black-and-white line drawings, half meaningful and half meaningless. Meaningful pictures represent a common object, and were selected from the Snodgrass and Vanderwart set (1980). Meaningless pictures include 120 chimeric objects (made up of two halves of real objects) and 120 nonobjects, that were constructed from the meaningful pictures while controlling for visual complexity. We report the results of two experiments designed to standardize the revisited Snodgrass and Vanderwart set along two important dimensions for picture processing: object manipulability (Experiment 1) and pictorial ambiguity (Experiment 2). The relevance of these dimensions is discussed. Experiment 1 permit us to sort objects into four manipulability categories (i.e., the ease and distinctiveness with which use of the object can be mimed) and to propose a manipulability index. This experiment provides additional evidence for a partial overlap in the dichotomy between man-made objects and living things, on the one hand, and manipulable and unmanipulable objects, on the other hand. In Experiment 2, a pictorial ambiguity index was computed for meaningful and meaningless pictures. The results of this experiment point the distinction between chimeric objects and nonobjects showing that chimeric objects are more complex to process than nonobjects and objects. This standardized set of pictures provides a database and an hopefully useful tool for research in cognitive neuroscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M N Magnié
- Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Nice and Sophia Antipolis University, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Witjas T, Kaphan E, Azulay JP, Blin O, Ceccaldi M, Pouget J, Poncet M, Chérif AA. Nonmotor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease: frequent and disabling. Neurology 2002; 59:408-13. [PMID: 12177375 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.59.3.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the frequency and disability caused by nonmotor fluctuations (NMF) in PD. METHODS A structured questionnaire was administered to 50 patients with PD with motor fluctuations (MF), focused on 54 nonmotor symptoms classified in three subgroups: 26 dysautonomic, 21 cognitive and psychiatric, and seven pain/sensory NMF. The link between each NMF and the motor state was determined. Patients were asked to grade their disability from 0 (no disability) to 4 (maximum discomfort) and to specify which kind of fluctuation subgroup (motor or nonmotor) was the most incapacitating. A statistical analysis was performed to determine the frequency of each NMF and to determine whether the level of disability resulting from NMF could be correlated to the main characteristics of the population. RESULTS All patients had had at least one type of NMF, most of which were associated with the "off" state. Anxiety (66%), drenching sweats (64%), slowness of thinking (58%), fatigue (56%), and akathisia (54%) were the most frequent NMF. Some symptoms such as anxiety or dyspnea correlated with a greater level of disability. The total number of NMF was found to be correlated with the motor disability. Incapacity resulting from the dysautonomic fluctuations was also significantly correlated with levodopa treatment. Surprisingly, 28% of the patients stated that NMF involved a greater degree of disability than MF. CONCLUSION Nonmotor fluctuations are frequent and debilitating in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Witjas
- Department of Neurology, CHU Timone, 264 rue Saint Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rizova E, Pagnoni PA, Stoudemayer T, Poncet M, Kligman AM. Polarized light photography and videomicroscopy greatly enhance the capability of estimating the therapeuic response to a topical retinoid (adapalene) in acne vulgaris. Cutis 2001; 68:25-33. [PMID: 11845945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of improvement in acne lesions following treatment is often based on clinical evaluation and photographs. However, limitations are associated with this sublective evaluation, making it difficult to accurately review individual acne lesions and to observe early response to therapy. Conventional photographs do not allow us to visualize small lesions, and it can be difficult to differentiate inflammatory lesions as papules or small nodules. Our objective was to evaluate a new standardized method for tracking individual acne lesions based on photographs. The effect of adapalene gel 0.1% on both inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions was evaluated using this technique. Polarized light photography and videomicroscopy were used to record the evolution of acne lesions over a 16-week period in 5 volunteers with moderate acne vulgaris. During the first 4 weeks before treatment, acne lesions were evaluated on a 3-times weekly basis to establish a pattern of progression and determine the length of time to resolution. Sebum secretion rates were monitored using Sebutape adhesive patches applied to the forehead and both cheeks for 1 hour. After 4 weeks, adapalene gel 0.1% was used once daily at bedtime for 8 weeks; polarized light photography, videomicroscopy, and assessment of sebum production followed treatment response. This treatment period was followed by a further 4-week phase, after which acne lesions and sebum secretion rates were evaluated. Our results showed that the new methodology was appropriate to track acne lesions and allowed an accurate and more oblective evaluation of individual lesions. Using this methodology demonstrated that adapalene gel 0.1% causes rapid resolution of inflammatory and noninflammatory lesions. The probability of clearing inflammatory and noninflamma tory lesions during the treatment period increased, and the probability of new lesions appearing decreased. Sebum secretion rates declined in patients while on study drug, returning to near pretreatment levels following therapy cessation. Using sophisticated photography and videomicroscopy every other day proved to be a valuable, noninvasive, and reliable method of following response to adapalene treatment in patients with moderate acne vulgaris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Rizova
- SKIN Incorporated, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Queille-Roussel C, Poncet M, Mesaros S, Clucas A, Baker M, Soloff AM. Comparison of the cumulative irritation potential of adapalene gel and cream with that of erythromycin/tretinoin solution and gel and erythromycin/isotretinoin gel. Clin Ther 2001; 23:205-12. [PMID: 11293554 DOI: 10.1016/s0149-2918(01)80003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adapalene is a naphthoic acid derivative with retinoid activity that is effective in the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris. OBJECTIVE This study assessed the cumulative irritation potential of adapalene gel (0.1%) and adapalene cream (0.1%) compared with that of erythromycin (4%)/tretinoin (0.025%) solution, erythromycin (4%)/tretinoin (0.025%) gel, erythromycin (2%)/isotretinoin (0.05%) gel, and white petrolatum (negative control). METHODS This was a single-center, randomized, controlled, investigator-blinded, intraindividual comparison study in healthy subjects with normal skin. The cumulative irritation assay (patch test) was used to assess the potential for irritation (including erythema) of the treatments. Each subject received all study treatments, randomly applied under occlusion (patch), to sites on either side of the midline on the mid-thoracic area of the back. All patches were applied to the same sites throughout the study, unless the degree of reaction to the treatment or adhesive necessitated removal. For 3 weeks, each test material was applied daily, Monday through Friday, for approximately 24 hours; the Friday patches were left in place over the weekend for approximately 72 hours. RESULTS All 36 subjects (26 men, 10 women; age, 18-49 years [mean, 30 years]) completed the study. In the course of the study, all subjects had > or =1 application discontinued prematurely on > or =1 site due to intolerance. There were no discontinuations with white petrolatum. All erythromycin/tretinoin gel patches were discontinued at day 10; 35 of 36 erythromycin/isotretinoin gel patches were discontinued at day 9; and 35 of 36 erythromycin/tretinoin solution patches were discontinued at day 11 or day 17. The adapalene products, although slightly more irritating (mean cumulative irritation index, 0.25-1) than white petrolatum, were significantly less irritating than the erythromycin/tretinoin and erythromycin/isotretinoin products (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Adapalene gel and cream were well tolerated, with possible benefits for compliance. Their low irritation potential should be considered when prescribing a topical retinoid for the treatment of acne vulgaris.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Queille-Roussel
- Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique Applique a la Dermatologie, Nice, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Several patients with 'progressive loss of speech output' or 'progressive anarthria' of degenerative origin have been reported in the literature. We report 5 clinical cases with slowly progressive loss of speech output and initially no deficit in other cognitive domains. The early clinical features were analysed in an attempt to identify the anatomo-functional systems implied in the degenerative process. The first phase of the disorder was characterised by impaired articulation consistent with speech apraxia, telegraphic style and a difficulty to elaborate a series of orofacial or hand movements. It is argued that these symptoms result from an impairment of complex motor processing due to dysfunction of the ventral premotor system. In the second phase, a decrease in spontaneous speech and self-initiated action was combined with exaggerated dependency on external stimuli, interpreted as dysfunction of the dorsal premotor system. We suggest that the neuropsychological profile of the disorder may result from progressive degeneration of the premotor cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Didic
- Service de Neurologie et Neuropsychologie, Institut de la Maladie d'Alzheimer, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bernaudin F, Verlhac S, Fréard F, Roudot-Thoraval F, Benkerrou M, Thuret I, Mardini R, Vannier JP, Ploix E, Romero M, Cassé-Perrot C, Helly M, Gillard E, Sebag G, Kchouk H, Pracros JP, Finck B, Dacher JN, Ickowicz V, Raybaud C, Poncet M, Lesprit E, Reinert PH, Brugières P. Multicenter prospective study of children with sickle cell disease: radiographic and psychometric correlation. J Child Neurol 2000; 15:333-43. [PMID: 10830200 DOI: 10.1177/088307380001500510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
After obtaining familial informed consent, between January 1996 and July 1997, 173 children (5 to 15 years old) with sickle cell disease were enrolled in a prospective multicenter study using blood screening, transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (n = 143), cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (n = 144), and neuropsychologic performance evaluation (n = 156) (Wechsler Intelligence tests WISC-III, WIPPSI-R), which were also performed in 76 sibling controls (5 to 15 years old). Among the 173 patients with sickle cell disease (155 homozygous for hemoglobin SS, 8 sickle cell beta0 thalassemia, 3 sickle cell beta+ thalassemia, 7 sickle cell hemoglobin C disease SC), 12 (6.9%) had a history of overt stroke, and the incidence of abnormal transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (defined as mean middle cerebral artery velocity > 200 cm/sec or absent) was 8.4% in the overall study population and 9.6% in patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia The silent stroke rate was 15%. Significantly impaired cognitive functioning was observed in sickle cell disease patients with a history of stroke (Performance IQ and Full Scale IQ), but also in patients with silent strokes (Similarities, Vocabulary, and Verbal Comprehension). However, infarcts on magnetic resonance imaging were not the only factors of cognitive deficit: Verbal IQ, Performance IQ, and Full Scale IQ were strongly impaired in patients with severe chronic anemia (hematocrit < or = 20%) and in those with thrombocytosis (platelets > 500 x 10(9)/L). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal magnetic resonance imaging (odds ratio [OR] = 2.76) (P = .047), hematocrit < or =20% (OR = 5.85) (P = .005), and platelets > 500 x 10(9)/L (OR = 3.99) (P = .004) were independent factors of cognitive deficiency (Full Scale IQ < 75) in sickle cell disease patients. The unfavorable effect of low hematocrit has already been suggested, but this is the first report concerning an effect of thrombocytosis and showing that silent stroke alone is not a factor of cognitive deficit when not associated with low hematocrit or thrombocytosis. The effect of hydroxyurea, which is known to increase hematocrit and decrease platelet count, on cognitive functioning of sickle cell patients should be evaluated prospectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Bernaudin
- Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Intercommunal de Créteil, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Petit H, Albarède JL, Bakchine S, Boulliat J, Cogneau J, Darcourt G, Dubois B, Forette F, Franco A, Héres J, Hinault P, Laurent B, Léger JM, Marin La Meslée R, Montagne B, Poncet M, Robert P, Sorbé G, Touchon J, Velas B, Vetel JM. [Converging opinions of a multidisciplinary group of French experts on diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for Alzheimer type dementia]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2000; 156:542-52. [PMID: 10844378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Petit
- Neurologue (Clinique Neurologique, CHRU Roger Salengro 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ben Diane MK, Feroni I, Poncet M, Obadia Y. [Chief health risks associated with intravenous heroin and cocaine abuse]. Presse Med 2000; 29:453-7. [PMID: 10738515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
THREE CATEGORIES OF COMPLICATIONS: Heroine and cocaine are the main drugs used by injecting drug-users (IDU) in France. There are three categories of complications associated with intravenous drug abuse: effects related to drug toxicity, effects associated with the administration route, and effects associated with social implications of drug-dependence. OTHER HEALTH PROBLEMS: The impact of HIV infection among IDU, particularly in southern Europe, has led to renewed interest in the other health problems raised by this population. A review of recent literature shows that cocaine toxicity is better understood than heroine toxicity. In addition, intravenous drug abuse can lead to a whole series of disease states related to trauma or infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M K Ben Diane
- Observatoire Régional de la Santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, INSERM U379, Marseille
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Didic M, Felician O, Ceccaldi M, Poncet M. [Progressive focal cortical atrophies]. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2000; 155 Suppl 4:S73-82. [PMID: 10637941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Progressive focal cortical atrophies are degenerative conditions characterised by the insidious onset and gradual exacerbation of an impairment in a single cognitive domain related to circumscribed cerebral atrophy. Several focal cortical syndromes with deficits in the realm of cognition are reviewed: progressive impairment of language (primary progressive aphasia), speech (progressive anarthria), semantic memory (semantic dementia), episodic memory (pure progressive amnesia), vision (progressive perceptual or visuo-spatial deficits) and gesture (progressive apraxia). These conditions are histologically heterogeneous and can be associated with focal non-specific neuronal loss and gliosis with some spongiform changes (non-specific lesions), pathological features of Pick's disease (inclusion bodies and swollen neurones) or Alzheimer's disease (AD) (senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles). A relationship between neuropsychological profiles and lesional types emerges from this review of the literature. Non-fluent primary progressive aphasia, semantic dementia and progressive anarthria are usually associated with non-specific lesions and Pick-type pathology. Progressive disorders of episodic memory and progressive visuo-spatial deficits are more often related to AD. If adequate clinical characterisation can determine the underlying disorder, it appears even more important to establish the neuropsychological profile in patients with cortical degenerative disease. Progressive deficits of only one domain of cognition may well be due to preferential involvement of anatomically and functionally defined neural systems and could therefore be considered as "system atrophies". There remains no doubt that these syndromes are particularly well suited models for studies on the relationship between cerebral functions and their neural substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Didic
- Service de Neurologie et Neuropsychologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bès A, Orgogozo JM, Poncet M, Rancurel G, Weber M, Bertholom N, Calvez R, Stehlé B. A 24-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre pilot study of the efficacy and safety of nicergoline 60 mg per day in elderly hypertensive patients with leukoaraiosis. Eur J Neurol 1999; 6:313-22. [PMID: 10210912 DOI: 10.1046/j.1468-1331.1999.630313.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In this pilot study, 72 non-demented and non-depressive elderly hypertensive patients with evidence of leukoaraiosis on cerebral computed tomography scan (Rezek score: > 16) were randomly assigned to receive either nicergoline 30 mg b.i.d. (n = 36) or a placebo (n = 36) for 24 months. All patients received antihypertensives and their hypertension was controlled under treatment. They were evaluated by nine neuropsychological tests exploring memory, concentration, verbal and motor performances, administered at baseline and at every six-month interval during the study period. At baseline, the two groups were comparable for all demographic and clinical characteristics, including cognitive functions, except for the delayed recall of the Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), which was better in the placebo group (P = 0.04). Changes in scores over time were compared between the two groups. At the last visit, patients on nicergoline (n = 31) were found to have deteriorated less or to have improved more on test scores than the patients on placebo (n = 30). Significant differences were observed for memory function (AVLT short term recall, P = 0.026; AVLT delayed recall, P = 0.013; and, Benton Visual Retention Test, P = 0.002) and attention and concentration (Letter Cancellation Test, P = 0.043; and, WAIS-R Digit Symbol subtest, P = 0.006). The Rezek score remained unchanged in the two groups. Tolerance of nicergoline was similar to that of placebo. In conclusion, this study shows that nicergoline 30 mg b.i. d. administered over a 24-month period attenuates the deterioration in cognitive functions in elderly hypertensive patients with leukoaraiosis. Whether these effects were specific for this type of white matter changes could not be determined in the context of this pilot study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bès
- Department of Neurology at the Centres Hospitaliers Universitaires de Toulouse, France. The French Study Group of Leukoaraiosis
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|