1
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Murphy E, Sun B, Rüscher M, Liu Y, Zang W, Guo S, Chen YH, Hejral U, Huang Y, Ly A, Zenyuk IV, Pan X, Timoshenko J, Cuenya BR, Spoerke ED, Atanassov P. Synergizing Fe 2O 3 Nanoparticles on Single Atom Fe-N-C for Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia at Industrial Current Densities. Adv Mater 2024:e2401133. [PMID: 38619914 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of nitrates (NO3 -) enables a pathway for the carbon neutral synthesis of ammonia (NH3), via the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR), which has been demonstrated at high selectivity. However, to make NH3 synthesis cost-competitive with current technologies, high NH3 partial current densities (jNH3) must be achieved to reduce the levelized cost of NH3. Here, the high NO3RR activity of Fe-based materials is leveraged to synthesize a novel active particle-active support system with Fe2O3 nanoparticles supported on atomically dispersed Fe-N-C. The optimized 3×Fe2O3/Fe-N-C catalyst demonstrates an ultrahigh NO3RR activity, reaching a maximum jNH3 of 1.95 A cm-2 at a Faradaic efficiency (FE) for NH3 of 100% and an NH3 yield rate over 9 mmol hr-1 cm-2. Operando XANES and post-mortem XPS reveal the importance of a pre-reduction activation step, reducing the surface Fe2O3 (Fe3+) to highly active Fe0 sites, which are maintained during electrolysis. Durability studies demonstrate the robustness of both the Fe2O3 particles and Fe-Nx sites at highly cathodic potentials, maintaining a current of -1.3 A cm-2 over 24 hours. This work exhibits an effective and durable active particle-active support system enhancing the performance of the NO3RR, enabling industrially relevant current densities and near 100% selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn Murphy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Baiyu Sun
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Yuanchao Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Wenjie Zang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Shengyuan Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Uta Hejral
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alvin Ly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Iryna V Zenyuk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldán Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Erik D Spoerke
- Sandia National Laboratories, Energy Storage Technologies & Systems, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Plamen Atanassov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National Fuel Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
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2
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Bai L, Franco F, Timoshenko J, Rettenmaier C, Scholten F, Jeon HS, Yoon A, Rüscher M, Herzog A, Haase FT, Kühl S, Chee SW, Bergmann A, Beatriz RC. Electrocatalytic Nitrate and Nitrite Reduction toward Ammonia Using Cu 2O Nanocubes: Active Species and Reaction Mechanisms. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:9665-9678. [PMID: 38557016 PMCID: PMC11009949 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) enables sustainable, carbon-neutral, and decentralized routes to produce ammonia (NH3). Copper-based materials are promising electrocatalysts for NOx- conversion to NH3. However, the underlying reaction mechanisms and the role of different Cu species during the catalytic process are still poorly understood. Herein, by combining quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), we unveiled that Cu is mostly in metallic form during the highly selective reduction of NO3-/NO2- to NH3. On the contrary, Cu(I) species are predominant in a potential region where the two-electron reduction of NO3- to NO2- is the major reaction. Electrokinetic analysis and in situ Raman spectroscopy was also used to propose possible steps and intermediates leading to NO2- and NH3, respectively. This work establishes a correlation between the catalytic performance and the dynamic changes of the chemical state of Cu, and provides crucial mechanistic insights into the pathways for NO3-/NO2- electrocatalytic reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara Rettenmaier
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Fabian Scholten
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Aram Yoon
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix T. Haase
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kühl
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - See Wee Chee
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Bergmann
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roldan Cuenya Beatriz
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of Max-Planck-Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Haase FT, Ortega E, Saddeler S, Schmidt FP, Cruz D, Scholten F, Rüscher M, Martini A, Jeon HS, Herzog A, Hejral U, Davis EM, Timoshenko J, Knop-Gericke A, Lunkenbein T, Schulz S, Bergmann A, Roldan Cuenya B. Role of Fe decoration on the oxygen evolving state of Co 3O 4 nanocatalysts. Energy Environ Sci 2024; 17:2046-2058. [PMID: 38449571 PMCID: PMC10913145 DOI: 10.1039/d3ee02809g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The production of green hydrogen through alkaline water electrolysis is the key technology for the future carbon-neutral industry. Nanocrystalline Co3O4 catalysts are highly promising electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction and their activity strongly benefits from Fe surface decoration. However, limited knowledge of decisive catalyst motifs at the atomic level during oxygen evolution prevents their knowledge-driven optimization. Here, we employ a variety of operando spectroscopic methods to unveil how Fe decoration increases the catalytic activity of Co3O4 nanocatalysts as well as steer the (near-surface) active state formation. Our study shows a link of the termination-dependent Fe decoration to the activity enhancement and a significantly stronger Co3O4 near-surface (structural) adaptation under the reaction conditions. The near-surface Fe- and Co-O species accumulate an oxidative charge and undergo a reversible bond contraction during the catalytic process. Moreover, our work demonstrates the importance of low coordination surface sites on the Co3O4 host to ensure an efficient Fe-induced activity enhancement, providing another puzzle piece to facilitate optimized catalyst design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix T Haase
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Eduardo Ortega
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Sascha Saddeler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen [CENIDE], University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany
| | - Franz-Philipp Schmidt
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel Cruz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Fabian Scholten
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Andrea Martini
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Hyo Sang Jeon
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Uta Hejral
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Earl M Davis
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Axel Knop-Gericke
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36 45470 Mülheim Germany
| | - Thomas Lunkenbein
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen [CENIDE], University of Duisburg-Essen Essen Germany
| | - Arno Bergmann
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society Berlin Germany
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4
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Rettenmaier C, Herzog A, Casari D, Rüscher M, Jeon HS, Kordus D, Luna ML, Kühl S, Hejral U, Davis EM, Chee SW, Timoshenko J, Alexander DTL, Bergmann A, Cuenya BR. Operando insights into correlating CO coverage and Cu-Au alloying with the selectivity of Au NP-decorated Cu 2O nanocubes during the electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction. EES Catal 2024; 2:311-323. [PMID: 38222061 PMCID: PMC10782806 DOI: 10.1039/d3ey00162h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) is an attractive technology to reintegrate the anthropogenic CO2 back into the carbon cycle driven by a suitable catalyst. This study employs highly efficient multi-carbon (C2+) producing Cu2O nanocubes (NCs) decorated with CO-selective Au nanoparticles (NPs) to investigate the correlation between a high CO surface concentration microenvironment and the catalytic performance. Structure, morphology and near-surface composition are studied via operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, operando high-energy X-ray diffraction as well as quasi in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These operando studies show the continuous evolution of the local structure and chemical environment of our catalysts during reaction conditions. Along with its alloy formation, a CO-rich microenvironment as well as weakened average CO binding on the catalyst surface during CO2RR is detected. Linking these findings to the catalytic function, a complex compositional interplay between Au and Cu is revealed in which higher Au loadings primarily facilitate CO formation. Nonetheless, the strongest improvement in C2+ formation appears for the lowest Au loadings, suggesting a beneficial role of the Au-Cu atomic interaction for the catalytic function in CO2RR. This study highlights the importance of site engineering and operando investigations to unveil the electrocatalyst's adaptations to the reaction conditions, which is a prerequisite to understand its catalytic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Rettenmaier
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Daniele Casari
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Hyo Sang Jeon
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - David Kordus
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Mauricio Lopez Luna
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Stefanie Kühl
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Uta Hejral
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Earl M Davis
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - See Wee Chee
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Duncan T L Alexander
- Electron Spectrometry and Microscopy Laboratory (LSME), Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne CH-1015 Switzerland
| | - Arno Bergmann
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society Faradayweg 4-6 14195 Berlin Germany
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5
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Hursán D, Timoshenko J, Ortega E, Jeon HS, Rüscher M, Herzog A, Rettenmaier C, Chee SW, Martini A, Koshy D, Roldán Cuenya B. Reversible Structural Evolution of Metal-Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Catalysts During CO 2 Electroreduction: An Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Study. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2307809. [PMID: 37994692 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2 RR) is a rising technology, aiming to reduce the energy sector dependence on fossil fuels and to produce carbon-neutral raw materials. Metal-nitrogen-doped carbons (M-N-C) are emerging, cost-effective catalysts for this reaction; however, their long-term stability is a major issue. To overcome this, understanding their structural evolution is crucial, requiring systematic in-depth operando studies. Here a series of M-N-C catalysts (M = Fe, Sn, Cu, Co, Ni, Zn) is investigated using operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy. It is found that the Fe-N-C and Sn-N-C are prone to oxide clusters formation even before CO2 RR. In contrast, the respective metal cations are singly dispersed in the as-prepared Cu-N-C, Co-N-C, Ni-N-C, and (Zn)-N-C. During CO2 RR, metallic clusters/nanoparticles reversibly formed in all catalysts, except for the Ni-N-C. This phenomenon, previously observed only in Cu-N-C, thus is ubiquitous in M-N-C catalysts. The competition between M-O and M-N interactions is an important factor determining the mobility of metal species in M-N-C. Specifically, the strong interaction between the Ni centers and the N-functional groups of the carbon support results in higher stability of the Ni single-sites, leading to the excellent performance of Ni-N-C in the CO2 to CO conversion, in comparison to other transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Hursán
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduardo Ortega
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hyo Sang Jeon
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara Rettenmaier
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - See Wee Chee
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Martini
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - David Koshy
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldán Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Yang F, Lopez Luna M, Haase FT, Escalera-López D, Yoon A, Rüscher M, Rettenmaier C, Jeon HS, Ortega E, Timoshenko J, Bergmann A, Chee SW, Roldan Cuenya B. Spatially and Chemically Resolved Visualization of Fe Incorporation into NiO Octahedra during the Oxygen Evolution Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:21465-21474. [PMID: 37726200 PMCID: PMC10557136 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The activity of Ni (hydr)oxides for the electrochemical evolution of oxygen (OER), a key component of the overall water splitting reaction, is known to be greatly enhanced by the incorporation of Fe. However, a complete understanding of the role of cationic Fe species and the nature of the catalyst surface under reaction conditions remains unclear. Here, using a combination of electrochemical cell and conventional transmission electron microscopy, we show how the surface of NiO electrocatalysts, with initially well-defined surface facets, restructures under applied potential and forms an active NiFe layered double (oxy)hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) when Fe3+ ions are present in the electrolyte. Continued OER under these conditions, however, leads to the creation of additional FeOx aggregates. Electrochemically, the NiFe-LDH formation correlates with a lower onset potential toward the OER, whereas the formation of the FeOx aggregates is accompanied by a gradual decrease in the OER activity. Complementary insight into the catalyst near-surface composition, structure, and chemical state is further extracted using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, operando Raman spectroscopy, and operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy together with measurements of Fe uptake by the electrocatalysts using time-resolved inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Notably, we identified that the catalytic deactivation under stationary conditions is linked to the degradation of in situ-created NiFe-LDH. These insights exemplify the complexity of the active state formation and show how its structural and morphological evolution under different applied potentials can be directly linked to the catalyst activation and degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Yang
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mauricio Lopez Luna
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix T. Haase
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Escalera-López
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aram Yoon
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara Rettenmaier
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hyo Sang Jeon
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduardo Ortega
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Bergmann
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - See Wee Chee
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institute of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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7
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Martini A, Hursán D, Timoshenko J, Rüscher M, Haase F, Rettenmaier C, Ortega E, Etxebarria A, Roldan Cuenya B. Tracking the Evolution of Single-Atom Catalysts for the CO 2 Electrocatalytic Reduction Using Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Machine Learning. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:17351-17366. [PMID: 37524049 PMCID: PMC10416299 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-nitrogen-doped carbons (TMNCs) are a promising class of catalysts for the CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction. In particular, high CO2-to-CO conversion activities and selectivities were demonstrated for Ni-based TMNCs. Nonetheless, open questions remain about the nature, stability, and evolution of the Ni active sites during the reaction. In this work, we address this issue by combining operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy with advanced data analysis. In particular, we show that the combination of unsupervised and supervised machine learning approaches is able to decipher the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) of the TMNCs, disentangling the contributions of different metal sites coexisting in the working TMNC catalyst. Moreover, quantitative structural information about the local environment of active species, including their interaction with adsorbates, has been obtained, shedding light on the complex dynamic mechanism of the CO2 electroreduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Martini
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Haase
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Clara Rettenmaier
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eduardo Ortega
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ane Etxebarria
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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8
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Murphy E, Liu Y, Matanovic I, Rüscher M, Huang Y, Ly A, Guo S, Zang W, Yan X, Martini A, Timoshenko J, Cuenya BR, Zenyuk IV, Pan X, Spoerke ED, Atanassov P. Elucidating electrochemical nitrate and nitrite reduction over atomically-dispersed transition metal sites. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4554. [PMID: 37507382 PMCID: PMC10382506 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40174-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalytic reduction of waste nitrates (NO3-) enables the synthesis of ammonia (NH3) in a carbon neutral and decentralized manner. Atomically dispersed metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts demonstrate a high catalytic activity and uniquely favor mono-nitrogen products. However, the reaction fundamentals remain largely underexplored. Herein, we report a set of 14; 3d-, 4d-, 5d- and f-block M-N-C catalysts. The selectivity and activity of NO3- reduction to NH3 in neutral media, with a specific focus on deciphering the role of the NO2- intermediate in the reaction cascade, reveals strong correlations (R=0.9) between the NO2- reduction activity and NO3- reduction selectivity for NH3. Moreover, theoretical computations reveal the associative/dissociative adsorption pathways for NO2- evolution, over the normal M-N4 sites and their oxo-form (O-M-N4) for oxyphilic metals. This work provides a platform for designing multi-element NO3RR cascades with single-atom sites or their hybridization with extended catalytic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eamonn Murphy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Yuanchao Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Ivana Matanovic
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 4-6 Faradayweg, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Alvin Ly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Shengyuan Guo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Wenjie Zang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xingxu Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Andrea Martini
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 4-6 Faradayweg, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 4-6 Faradayweg, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldán Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, 4-6 Faradayweg, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Iryna V Zenyuk
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Erik D Spoerke
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185, USA
| | - Plamen Atanassov
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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9
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Timoshenko J, Haase FT, Saddeler S, Rüscher M, Jeon HS, Herzog A, Hejral U, Bergmann A, Schulz S, Roldan Cuenya B. Deciphering the Structural and Chemical Transformations of Oxide Catalysts during Oxygen Evolution Reaction Using Quick X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and Machine Learning. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:4065-4080. [PMID: 36762901 PMCID: PMC9951215 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c11824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic transition-metal oxides, such as spinel-like CoxFe3-xO4 materials, are known as attractive catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in alkaline electrolytes. Nonetheless, unveiling the real active species and active states in these catalysts remains a challenge. The coexistence of metal ions in different chemical states and in different chemical environments, including disordered X-ray amorphous phases that all evolve under reaction conditions, hinders the application of common operando techniques. Here, we address this issue by relying on operando quick X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy, coupled with unsupervised and supervised machine learning methods. We use principal component analysis to understand the subtle changes in the X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectra and develop an artificial neural network to decipher the extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra. This allows us to separately track the evolution of tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated species and to disentangle the chemical changes and several phase transitions taking place in CoxFe3-xO4 catalysts and on their active surface, related to the conversion of disordered oxides into spinel-like structures, transformation of spinels into active oxyhydroxides, and changes in the degree of spinel inversion in the course of the activation treatment and under OER conditions. By correlating the revealed structural changes with the distinct catalytic activity for a series of CoxFe3-xO4 samples, we elucidate the active species and OER mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janis Timoshenko
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix T. Haase
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sascha Saddeler
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen
(CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hyo Sang Jeon
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Uta Hejral
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Arno Bergmann
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen
(CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45117 Essen, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department
of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute
of the Max-Planck Society, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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10
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Liu H, Timoshenko J, Bai L, Li Q, Rüscher M, Sun C, Roldan Cuenya B, Luo J. Low-Coordination Rhodium Catalysts for an Efficient Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin300192, China
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin14195, Germany
| | - Lichen Bai
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin14195, Germany
| | - Qinye Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC3122, Australia
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin14195, Germany
| | - Chenghua Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC3122, Australia
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Berlin14195, Germany
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology, Nankai University, Tianjin300350, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin300192, China
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11
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Liu H, Lang X, Zhu C, Timoshenko J, Rüscher M, Bai L, Guijarro N, Yin H, Peng Y, Li J, Liu Z, Wang W, Cuenya BR, Luo J. Efficient Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia with Copper-Supported Rhodium Cluster and Single-Atom Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202556. [PMID: 35297151 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NITRR) provides a promising solution for restoring the imbalance in the global nitrogen cycle while enabling a sustainable and decentralized route to source ammonia. Here, we demonstrate a novel electrocatalyst for NITRR consisting of Rh clusters and single-atoms dispersed onto Cu nanowires (NWs), which delivers a partial current density of 162 mA cm-2 for NH3 production and a Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 93 % at -0.2 V vs. RHE. The highest ammonia yield rate reached a record value of 1.27 mmol h-1 cm-2 . Detailed investigations by electron paramagnetic resonance, in situ infrared spectroscopy, differential electrochemical mass spectrometry and density functional theory modeling suggest that the high activity originates from the synergistic catalytic cooperation between Rh and Cu sites, whereby adsorbed hydrogen on Rh site transfers to vicinal *NO intermediate species adsorbed on Cu promoting the hydrogenation and ammonia formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiuyao Lang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lichen Bai
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Néstor Guijarro
- Institute of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Haibo Yin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yue Peng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Weichao Wang
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology, Solar Energy Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology of Tianjin, Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Thin Film Photoelectronic Technology, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
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12
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Rüscher M, Herzog A, Timoshenko J, Jeon HS, Frandsen W, Kühl S, Roldan Cuenya B. Tracking heterogeneous structural motifs and the redox behaviour of copper-zinc nanocatalysts for the electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction using operando time resolved spectroscopy and machine learning. Catal Sci Technol 2022; 12:3028-3043. [PMID: 35662799 PMCID: PMC9089751 DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00227b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Copper-based catalysts are established catalytic systems for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), where the greenhouse gas CO2 is converted into valuable industrial chemicals, such as energy-dense C2+ products, using energy from renewable sources. However, better control over the catalyst selectivity, especially at industrially relevant high current density conditions, is needed to expedite the economic viability of the CO2RR. For this purpose, bimetallic materials, where copper is combined with a secondary metal, comprise a promising and a highly tunable catalyst for the CO2RR. Nevertheless, the synergy between copper and the selected secondary metal species, the evolution of the bimetallic structural motifs under working conditions and the effect of the secondary metal on the kinetics of the Cu redox behavior require careful investigation. Here, we employ operando quick X-ray absorption fine structure (QXAFS) spectroscopy coupled with machine-learning based data analysis and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to investigate the time-dependent chemical and structural changes in catalysts derived from shape-selected ZnO/Cu2O nanocubes under CO2RR conditions at current densities up to −500 mA cm−2. We furthermore relate the catalyst transformations observed under working conditions to the catalytic activity and selectivity and correlate potential-dependent surface and subsurface processes. We report that the addition of Zn to a Cu-based catalyst has a crucial impact on the kinetics of subsurface processes, while redox processes of the Cu surface layer remain largely unaffected. Interestingly, the presence of Zn was found to contribute to the stabilization of cationic Cu(i) species, which is of catalytic relevance since Cu(0)/Cu(i) interfaces have been reported to be beneficial for efficient electrocatalytic CO2 conversion to complex multicarbon products. At the same time, we attribute the increase of the C2+ product selectivity to the formation of Cu-rich CuZn alloys in samples with low Zn content, while Zn-rich alloy phases result in an increased formation of CO paralleled by an increase of the parasitic hydrogen evolution reaction. Elucidating the role of Zn in bimetallic CuZn nanocatalysts for the electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR), where the greenhouse gas CO2 is converted into valuable industrial chemicals using energy from renewable sources.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rüscher
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Antonia Herzog
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Hyo Sang Jeon
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Wiebke Frandsen
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Stefanie Kühl
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society 14195 Berlin Germany
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13
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Liu H, Lang X, Zhu C, Timoshenko J, Rüscher M, Bai L, Guijarro N, Yin H, Peng Y, Li J, Liu Z, Wang W, Cuenya BR, Luo J. Efficient Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia with Copper Supported Rhodium Cluster and Single‐Atom Catalysts. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Liu
- Nankai University College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering Tongyan Road 300350 Tianjin CHINA
| | - Xiuyao Lang
- Nankai University Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology CHINA
| | - Chao Zhu
- Nanyang Technological University School of Materials Science and Engineering SINGAPORE
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Department of Interface Science GERMANY
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Department of Interface Science GERMANY
| | - Lichen Bai
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Department of Interface Science GERMANY
| | - Néstor Guijarro
- University of Alicante: Universitat d'Alacant Institute of Electrochemistry SPAIN
| | - Haibo Yin
- Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control CHINA
| | - Yue Peng
- Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control CHINA
| | - Junhua Li
- Tsinghua University State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment CHINA
| | - Zheng Liu
- Nanyang Technological University School of Materials Science and Engineering SINGAPORE
| | - Weichao Wang
- Nankai University Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology CHINA
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Department of Interface Science GERMANY
| | - Jingshan Luo
- Nankai University Institute of Photoelectronic Thin Film Devices and Technology 38 Tongyan Road 300350 Tianjin CHINA
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14
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Jang J, Rüscher M, Winzely M, Morales‐Guio CG. Gastight Rotating Cylinder Electrode: Towards Decoupling Mass Transport and Intrinsic Kinetics in Electrocatalysis. AIChE J 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joonbaek Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Maximilian Winzely
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
| | - Carlos G. Morales‐Guio
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Los Angeles California USA
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15
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Feng X, Jena HS, Krishnaraj C, Arenas-Esteban D, Leus K, Wang G, Sun J, Rüscher M, Timoshenko J, Roldan Cuenya B, Bals S, Voort PVD. Creation of Exclusive Artificial Cluster Defects by Selective Metal Removal in the (Zn, Zr) Mixed-Metal UiO-66. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:21511-21518. [PMID: 34872251 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The differentiation between missing linker defects and missing cluster defects in MOFs is difficult, thereby limiting the ability to correlate materials properties to a specific type of defects. Herein, we present a novel and easy synthesis strategy for the creation of solely "missing cluster defects" by preparing mixed-metal (Zn, Zr)-UiO-66 followed by a gentle acid wash to remove the Zn nodes. The resulting material has the reo UiO-66 structure, typical for well-defined missing cluster defects. The missing clusters are thoroughly characterized, including low-pressure Ar-sorption, iDPC-STEM at a low dose (1.5 pA), and XANES/EXAFS analysis. We show that the missing cluster UiO-66 has a negligible number of missing linkers. We show the performance of the missing cluster UiO-66 in CO2 sorption and heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Feng
- Zhang Dayu School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.,Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 281, Krijgslaan (S3), Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Himanshu Sekhar Jena
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 281, Krijgslaan (S3), Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Chidharth Krishnaraj
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 281, Krijgslaan (S3), Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Daniel Arenas-Esteban
- Department of Physics, EMAT Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Karen Leus
- Department of Physics, EMAT Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Guangbo Wang
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 281, Krijgslaan (S3), Ghent B-9000, Belgium.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry for Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Jiamin Sun
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 281, Krijgslaan (S3), Ghent B-9000, Belgium
| | - Martina Rüscher
- Interface Science Department, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Janis Timoshenko
- Interface Science Department, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Interface Science Department, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max-Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Sara Bals
- Department of Physics, EMAT Electron Microscopy for Materials Science, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Pascal Van Der Voort
- Center for Ordered Materials, Organometallics and Catalysis (COMOC), Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, 281, Krijgslaan (S3), Ghent B-9000, Belgium
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