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Brinker TJ, Brieske CM, Esser S, Klode J, Mons U, Batra A, Rüther T, Seeger W, Enk AH, von Kalle C, Berking C, Heppt MV, Gatzka MV, Bernardes-Souza B, Schlenk RF, Schadendorf D. A Face-Aging App for Smoking Cessation in a Waiting Room Setting: Pilot Study in an HIV Outpatient Clinic. J Med Internet Res 2018; 20:e10976. [PMID: 30111525 PMCID: PMC6115598 DOI: 10.2196/10976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is strong evidence for the effectiveness of addressing tobacco use in health care settings. However, few smokers receive cessation advice when visiting a hospital. Implementing smoking cessation technology in outpatient waiting rooms could be an effective strategy for change, with the potential to expose almost all patients visiting a health care provider without preluding physician action needed. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to develop an intervention for smoking cessation that would make use of the time patients spend in a waiting room by passively exposing them to a face-aging, public morphing, tablet-based app, to pilot the intervention in a waiting room of an HIV outpatient clinic, and to measure the perceptions of this intervention among smoking and nonsmoking HIV patients. METHODS We developed a kiosk version of our 3-dimensional face-aging app Smokerface, which shows the user how their face would look with or without cigarette smoking 1 to 15 years in the future. We placed a tablet with the app running on a table in the middle of the waiting room of our HIV outpatient clinic, connected to a large monitor attached to the opposite wall. A researcher noted all the patients who were using the waiting room. If a patient did not initiate app use within 30 seconds of waiting time, the researcher encouraged him or her to do so. Those using the app were asked to complete a questionnaire. RESULTS During a 19-day period, 464 patients visited the waiting room, of whom 187 (40.3%) tried the app and 179 (38.6%) completed the questionnaire. Of those who completed the questionnaire, 139 of 176 (79.0%) were men and 84 of 179 (46.9%) were smokers. Of the smokers, 55 of 81 (68%) said the intervention motivated them to quit (men: 45, 68%; women: 10, 67%); 41 (51%) said that it motivated them to discuss quitting with their doctor (men: 32, 49%; women: 9, 60%); and 72 (91%) perceived the intervention as fun (men: 57, 90%; women: 15, 94%). Of the nonsmokers, 92 (98%) said that it motivated them never to take up smoking (men: 72, 99%; women: 20, 95%). Among all patients, 102 (22.0%) watched another patient try the app without trying it themselves; thus, a total of 289 (62.3%) of the 464 patients were exposed to the intervention (average waiting time 21 minutes). CONCLUSIONS A face-aging app implemented in a waiting room provides a novel opportunity to motivate patients visiting a health care provider to quit smoking, to address quitting at their subsequent appointment and thereby encourage physician-delivered smoking cessation, or not to take up smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titus Josef Brinker
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Department of Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Martin Brieske
- Department of Dermatology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Esser
- Department of Dermatology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Joachim Klode
- Department of Dermatology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ute Mons
- Cancer Prevention Unit, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anil Batra
- Section for Addiction Medicine and Addiction Research, University Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Tobias Rüther
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany
| | - Alexander H Enk
- Department of Dermatology, Heidelberg University Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof von Kalle
- National Center for Tumor Diseases, Department of Translational Oncology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carola Berking
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus V Heppt
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Munich, University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martina V Gatzka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Richard F Schlenk
- Trial Center, National Center for Tumor Diseases, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Schadendorf
- Department of Dermatology, Essen University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Gatzka MV. Targeted Tumor Therapy Remixed-An Update on the Use of Small-Molecule Drugs in Combination Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E155. [PMID: 29794999 PMCID: PMC6025289 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, the treatment of tumor patients has been revolutionized by the highly successful introduction of novel targeted therapies, in particular small-molecule kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, as well as by immunotherapies. Depending on the mutational status, BRAF and MEK inhibitor combinations or immune checkpoint inhibitors are current first-line treatments for metastatic melanoma. However, despite great improvements of survival rates limitations due to tumor heterogeneity, primary and acquired therapy resistance, immune evasion, and economical considerations will need to be overcome. Accordingly, ongoing clinical trials explore the individualized use of small-molecule drugs in new targeted therapy combinations based on patient parameters and tumor biopsies. With focus on melanoma therapy this review aims at providing a comprehensive overview of such novel alternative and combinational therapy strategies currently emerging from basic research. The molecular principles and drug classes that may hold promise for improved tumor therapy combination regimens including kinase inhibition, induction of apoptosis, DNA-damage response inhibition, epigenetic reprogramming, telomerase inhibition, redox modulation, metabolic reprogramming, proteasome inhibition, cancer stem cell transdifferentiation, immune cell signaling modulation, and others, are explained in brief. In addition, relevant targeted therapy combinations in current clinical trials and individualized treatment strategies are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina V Gatzka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
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Wilms C, Kroeger CM, Hainzl AV, Banik I, Bruno C, Krikki I, Farsam V, Wlaschek M, Gatzka MV. MYSM1/2A-DUB is an epigenetic regulator in human melanoma and contributes to tumor cell growth. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67287-67299. [PMID: 28978033 PMCID: PMC5620173 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone modifying enzymes, such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) and polycomb repressive complex (PRC) components, have been implicated in regulating tumor growth, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, tumor stem cell maintenance, or repression of tumor suppressor genes - and may be promising targets for combination therapies of melanoma and other cancers. According to recent findings, the histone H2A deubiquitinase 2A-DUB/Mysm1 interacts with the p53-axis in hematopoiesis and tissue differentiation in mice, in part by modulating DNA-damage responses in stem cell and progenitor compartments. Based on the identification of alterations in skin pigmentation and melanocyte specification in Mysm1-deficient mice, we hypothesized that MYSM1 may be involved in melanoma formation. In human melanoma samples, expression of MYSM1 was increased compared with normal skin melanocytes and nevi and co-localized with melanocyte markers such as Melan-A and c-KIT. Similarly, in melanoma cell lines A375 and SK-MEL-28 and in murine skin, expression of the deubiquitinase was detectable at the mRNA and protein level that was inducible by growth factor signals and UVB exposure, respectively. Upon stable silencing of MYSM1 in A375 and SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells by lentivirally-mediated shRNA expression, survival and proliferation were significantly reduced in five MYSM1 shRNA cell lines analyzed compared with control cells. In addition, MYSM1-silenced melanoma cells proliferated less well in softagar assays. In context with our finding that MYSM1 bound to the c-MET promoter region in close vicinity to PAX3 in melanoma cells, our data indicate that MYSM1 is an epigenetic regulator of melanoma growth and potentially promising new target for tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Wilms
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Carsten M Kroeger
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Adelheid V Hainzl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ishani Banik
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,ETH, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Clara Bruno
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Ioanna Krikki
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Vida Farsam
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Meinhard Wlaschek
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Martina V Gatzka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergic Diseases, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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