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Pedersen MT, Vilgis TA, Brewer JR, Hansen PL, Clausen MP. Structural characterization of solvent-based food preparation of jellyfish. Soft Matter 2024; 20:495-510. [PMID: 38088053 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00620d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Jellyfish as a potential sustainable food material has recently gained increasing interest. However, with their soft gel-like texture and easy spoilage, it remains challenging to achieve desirable edible structures from jellyfish. The culinary preparation of jellyfish is a complex process and extends beyond conventional cooking methods. In this study, we investigate the transformation of jellyfish into crispy-like structures by manipulating their microstructural and mechanical properties through a solvent-based preparation. The study focuses on the use of "poor solvents", namely ethanol and acetone, and employs rheology measurements and quantitative microscopy techniques to analyze the effects of these solvents on the mechanical properties and microstructure of jellyfish. Our findings reveal that both ethanol and acetone lead to a significant increase in jellyfish hardness and deswelling. Notably, a micro-scale network is formed within the jellyfish matrix, and this network is then mechanically reinforced before a crispy-like texture can be obtained. Our study points to solvent polarity as also being a crucial factor for creating these effects and determines an upper polarity limit in the range of 12.2-12.9 MPa1/2 for added solvents, corresponding to approximately 60% of added ethanol or 70% of added acetone. Our study highlights that solvent-based preparation serves as a "reverse cooking" technique, where mechanical modification rather than traditional softening mechanisms are employed to stabilize and strengthen the microstructures and fibers of jellyfish. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms of solvent-induced stabilization, our findings may facilitate the development of innovative and sustainable culinary practices, paving the way for broader applications of jellyfish and other soft edible materials in the gastronomic landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mie T Pedersen
- SDU Biotechnology, Department of Green Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Denmark.
| | | | - Jonathan R Brewer
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry & Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center (DaMBIC), University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Per L Hansen
- Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- SDU Biotechnology, Department of Green Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Denmark.
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2
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Andersen CB, Lausdahl AK, Nielsen J, Clausen MP, Mulder FAA, Otzen DE, Arnspang EC. 4-Oxo-2-nonenal-Induced α-Synuclein Oligomers Interact with Membranes in the Cell, Leading to Mitochondrial Fragmentation. Biochemistry 2023; 62:2417-2425. [PMID: 37487228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and formation of cytotoxic oligomers by the natively unfolded protein α-synuclein (α-syn) are both connected to the development of Parkinson's disease. This effect has been linked to lipid peroxidation and membrane disruption, but the specific mechanisms behind these phenomena remain unclear. To address this, we have prepared α-syn oligomers (αSOs) in vitro in the presence of the lipid peroxidation product 4-oxo-2-nonenal and investigated their interaction with live cells using in-cell NMR as well as stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution and confocal microscopy. We find that the αSOs interact strongly with organellar components, leading to strong immobilization of the protein's otherwise flexible C-terminus. STED microscopy reveals that the oligomers localize to small circular structures inside the cell, while confocal microscopy shows mitochondrial fragmentation and association with both late endosome and retromer complex before the SOs interact with mitochondria. Our study provides direct evidence for close contact between cytotoxic α-syn aggregates and membraneous compartments in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla B Andersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Green Technology, SDU-Biotechnology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Astrid K Lausdahl
- Department of Green Technology, SDU-Biotechnology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Janni Nielsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- Department of Green Technology, SDU-Biotechnology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Frans A A Mulder
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Gustav Wieds Vej 14, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Eva C Arnspang
- Department of Green Technology, SDU-Biotechnology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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3
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Birke Rune CJ, Song Q, Clausen MP, Giacalone D. Consumer perception of plant-based burger recipes studied by projective mapping. Future Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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4
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Giacalone D, Clausen MP, Jaeger SR. Understanding barriers to consumption of plant-based foods and beverages: Insights from sensory and consumer science. Curr Opin Food Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2022.100919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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5
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Song Q, Li R, Song X, Clausen MP, Orlien V, Giacalone D. The effect of high-pressure processing on sensory quality and consumer acceptability of fruit juices and smoothies: A review. Food Res Int 2022; 157:111250. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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6
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Faxholm PL, Schmidt CV, Brønnum LB, Sun YT, Clausen MP, Flore R, Olsen K, Mouritsen OG. Squids of the North: Gastronomy and gastrophysics of Danish squid. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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8
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Waithe D, Schneider F, Chojnacki J, Clausen MP, Shrestha D, de la Serna JB, Eggeling C. Optimized processing and analysis of conventional confocal microscopy generated scanning FCS data. Methods 2018; 140-141:62-73. [PMID: 28963070 PMCID: PMC6026296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Scanning Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (scanning FCS) is a variant of conventional point FCS that allows molecular diffusion at multiple locations to be measured simultaneously. It enables disclosure of potential spatial heterogeneity in molecular diffusion dynamics and also the acquisition of a large amount of FCS data at the same time, providing large statistical accuracy. Here, we optimize the processing and analysis of these large-scale acquired sets of FCS data. On one hand we present FoCuS-scan, scanning FCS software that provides an end-to-end solution for processing and analysing scanning data acquired on commercial turnkey confocal systems. On the other hand, we provide a thorough characterisation of large-scale scanning FCS data over its intended time-scales and applications and propose a unique solution for the bias and variance observed when studying slowly diffusing species. Our manuscript enables researchers to straightforwardly utilise scanning FCS as a powerful technique for measuring diffusion across a broad range of physiologically relevant length scales without specialised hardware or expensive software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK.
| | - Falk Schneider
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Jakub Chojnacki
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Dilip Shrestha
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Department of Physics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK; Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
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9
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Pedersen MT, Christensen M, Duelund L, Hansen PL, Brewer JR, Clausen MP. The Microscopic Structure of Crunchy and Crispy Jellyfish. Biophys J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.2939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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10
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Han M, Clausen MP, Christensen M, Vossen E, Van Hecke T, Bertram HC. Enhancing the health potential of processed meat: the effect of chitosan or carboxymethyl cellulose enrichment on inherent microstructure, water mobility and oxidation in a meat-based food matrix. Food Funct 2018; 9:4017-4027. [DOI: 10.1039/c8fo00835c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The addition of dietary fibers can alleviate the deteriorated textural properties and water binding capacity (WBC) that may occur when the fat content is lowered directly in the formulas of comminuted meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyi Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing
- Quality and Safety Control
- China
- College of Food Science and Technology
- Nanjing Agricultural University
| | - Mathias P. Clausen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Biotechnology and Environmental Technology
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense M
- Denmark
| | - Morten Christensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Biotechnology and Environmental Technology
- University of Southern Denmark
- Odense M
- Denmark
| | - Els Vossen
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality
- Department of Animal Production
- Ghent University
- Ghent 9000
- Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Hecke
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality
- Department of Animal Production
- Ghent University
- Ghent 9000
- Belgium
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11
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Fritzsche M, Fernandes RA, Chang VT, Colin-York H, Clausen MP, Felce JH, Galiani S, Erlenkämper C, Santos AM, Heddleston JM, Pedroza-Pacheco I, Waithe D, de la Serna JB, Lagerholm BC, Liu TL, Chew TL, Betzig E, Davis SJ, Eggeling C. Cytoskeletal actin dynamics shape a ramifying actin network underpinning immunological synapse formation. Sci Adv 2017; 3:e1603032. [PMID: 28691087 PMCID: PMC5479650 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1603032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
T cell activation and especially trafficking of T cell receptor microclusters during immunological synapse formation are widely thought to rely on cytoskeletal remodeling. However, important details on the involvement of actin in the latter transport processes are missing. Using a suite of advanced optical microscopes to analyze resting and activated T cells, we show that, following contact formation with activating surfaces, these cells sequentially rearrange their cortical actin across the entire cell, creating a previously unreported ramifying actin network above the immunological synapse. This network shows all the characteristics of an inward-growing transportation network and its dynamics correlating with T cell receptor rearrangements. This actin reorganization is accompanied by an increase in the nanoscale actin meshwork size and the dynamic adjustment of the turnover times and filament lengths of two differently sized filamentous actin populations, wherein formin-mediated long actin filaments support a very flat and stiff contact at the immunological synapse interface. The initiation of immunological synapse formation, as highlighted by calcium release, requires markedly little contact with activating surfaces and no cytoskeletal rearrangements. Our work suggests that incipient signaling in T cells initiates global cytoskeletal rearrangements across the whole cell, including a stiffening process for possibly mechanically supporting contact formation at the immunological synapse interface as well as a central ramified transportation network apparently directed at the consolidation of the contact and the delivery of effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Fritzsche
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Corresponding author. (M.F.); (C.E.)
| | - Ricardo A. Fernandes
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Veronica T. Chang
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Huw Colin-York
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Mathias P. Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Center for Biomembrane Physics (MEMPHYS), University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - James H. Felce
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | | | - Ana M. Santos
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - John M. Heddleston
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | | | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Research Complex at Harwell, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Harwell-Oxford Campus, Didcot OX11 0FA, UK
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - B. Christoffer Lagerholm
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Tsung-li Liu
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
- Vertex Pharmaceuticals, 11010 Torreyana Road, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Teng-Leong Chew
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Eric Betzig
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 19700 Helix Drive, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA
| | - Simon J. Davis
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- Corresponding author. (M.F.); (C.E.)
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12
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Schneider F, Waithe D, Clausen MP, Galiani S, Koller T, Ozhan G, Eggeling C, Sezgin E. Diffusion of lipids and GPI-anchored proteins in actin-free plasma membrane vesicles measured by STED-FCS. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1507-1518. [PMID: 28404749 DOI: 10.1101/076109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Diffusion and interaction dynamics of molecules at the plasma membrane play an important role in cellular signaling and are suggested to be strongly associated with the actin cytoskeleton. Here we use superresolution STED microscopy combined with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (STED-FCS) to access and compare the diffusion characteristics of fluorescent lipid analogues and GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in the live-cell plasma membrane and in actin cytoskeleton-free, cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs). Hindered diffusion of phospholipids and sphingolipids is abolished in the GPMVs, whereas transient nanodomain incorporation of ganglioside lipid GM1 is apparent in both the live-cell membrane and GPMVs. For GPI-APs, we detect two molecular pools in living cells; one pool shows high mobility with transient incorporation into nanodomains, and the other pool forms immobile clusters, both of which disappear in GPMVs. Our data underline the crucial role of the actin cortex in maintaining hindered diffusion modes of many but not all of the membrane molecules and highlight a powerful experimental approach to decipher specific influences on molecular plasma membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schneider
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
- MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Koller
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Medical School, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University Medical School, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
- Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
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13
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Schneider F, Waithe D, Clausen MP, Galiani S, Koller T, Ozhan G, Eggeling C, Sezgin E. Diffusion of lipids and GPI-anchored proteins in actin-free plasma membrane vesicles measured by STED-FCS. Mol Biol Cell 2017; 28:1507-1518. [PMID: 28404749 PMCID: PMC5449149 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e16-07-0536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The diffusion dynamics of lipids and GPI-anchored proteins is investigated using superresolution STED microscopy combined with single-molecule fluorescence correlation spectroscopy in the cellular membranes. The actin cytoskeleton is shown to play an essential role in the diffusion characteristics of molecules. Diffusion and interaction dynamics of molecules at the plasma membrane play an important role in cellular signaling and are suggested to be strongly associated with the actin cytoskeleton. Here we use superresolution STED microscopy combined with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (STED-FCS) to access and compare the diffusion characteristics of fluorescent lipid analogues and GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) in the live-cell plasma membrane and in actin cytoskeleton–free, cell-derived giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs). Hindered diffusion of phospholipids and sphingolipids is abolished in the GPMVs, whereas transient nanodomain incorporation of ganglioside lipid GM1 is apparent in both the live-cell membrane and GPMVs. For GPI-APs, we detect two molecular pools in living cells; one pool shows high mobility with transient incorporation into nanodomains, and the other pool forms immobile clusters, both of which disappear in GPMVs. Our data underline the crucial role of the actin cortex in maintaining hindered diffusion modes of many but not all of the membrane molecules and highlight a powerful experimental approach to decipher specific influences on molecular plasma membrane dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falk Schneider
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom.,MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas Koller
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Gunes Ozhan
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University Medical School, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey.,Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Dokuz Eylul University Medical School, Inciralti-Balcova, 35340 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom .,Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford OX39DS, United Kingdom
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14
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Clausen MP, Colin-York H, Schneider F, Eggeling C, Fritzsche M. Dissecting the actin cortex density and membrane-cortex distance in living cells by super-resolution microscopy. J Phys D Appl Phys 2017; 50:064002. [PMID: 28458398 PMCID: PMC5390943 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/aa52a1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale spacing between the plasma membrane and the underlying cortical actin cytoskeleton profoundly modulates cellular morphology, mechanics, and function. Measuring this distance has been a key challenge in cell biology. Current methods for dissecting the nanoscale spacing either limit themselves to complex survey design using fixed samples or rely on diffraction-limited fluorescence imaging whose spatial resolution is insufficient to quantify distances on the nanoscale. Using dual-color super-resolution STED (stimulated-emission-depletion) microscopy, we here overcome this challenge and accurately measure the density distribution of the cortical actin cytoskeleton and the distance between the actin cortex and the membrane in live Jurkat T-cells. We found an asymmetric cortical actin density distribution with a mean width of 230 (+105/-125) nm. The spatial distances measured between the maximum density peaks of the cortex and the membrane were bi-modally distributed with mean values of 50 ± 15 nm and 120 ± 40 nm, respectively. Taken together with the finite width of the cortex, our results suggest that in some regions the cortical actin is closer than 10 nm to the membrane and a maximum of 20 nm in others.
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Affiliation(s)
- M P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
- Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - H Colin-York
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - F Schneider
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - C Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
| | - M Fritzsche
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, OX3 9DS Oxford, UK
- Kennedy Institute for Rheumatology, Roosevelt Drive, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF Oxford, UK
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15
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Lagerholm BC, Andrade DM, Clausen MP, Eggeling C. Convergence of lateral dynamic measurements in the plasma membrane of live cells from single particle tracking and STED-FCS. J Phys D Appl Phys 2017; 50:063001. [PMID: 28458397 PMCID: PMC5390782 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/aa519e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) in combination with the super-resolution imaging method STED (STED-FCS), and single-particle tracking (SPT) are able to directly probe the lateral dynamics of lipids and proteins in the plasma membrane of live cells at spatial scales much below the diffraction limit of conventional microscopy. However, a major disparity in interpretation of data from SPT and STED-FCS remains, namely the proposed existence of a very fast (unhindered) lateral diffusion coefficient, ⩾5 µm2 s-1, in the plasma membrane of live cells at very short length scales, ≈⩽ 100 nm, and time scales, ≈1-10 ms. This fast diffusion coefficient has been advocated in several high-speed SPT studies, for lipids and membrane proteins alike, but the equivalent has not been detected in STED-FCS measurements. Resolving this ambiguity is important because the assessment of membrane dynamics currently relies heavily on SPT for the determination of heterogeneous diffusion. A possible systematic error in this approach would thus have vast implications in this field. To address this, we have re-visited the analysis procedure for SPT data with an emphasis on the measurement errors and the effect that these errors have on the measurement outputs. We subsequently demonstrate that STED-FCS and SPT data, following careful consideration of the experimental errors of the SPT data, converge to a common interpretation which for the case of a diffusing phospholipid analogue in the plasma membrane of live mouse embryo fibroblasts results in an unhindered, intra-compartment, diffusion coefficient of ≈0.7-1.0 µm2 s-1, and a compartment size of about 100-150 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Christoffer Lagerholm
- Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Débora M Andrade
- Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M DK-5230, Denmark
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
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16
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Galiani S, Waithe D, Reglinski K, Cruz-Zaragoza LD, Garcia E, Clausen MP, Schliebs W, Erdmann R, Eggeling C. Super-resolution Microscopy Reveals Compartmentalization of Peroxisomal Membrane Proteins. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:16948-62. [PMID: 27311714 PMCID: PMC5016101 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.734038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane-associated events during peroxisomal protein import processes play an essential role in peroxisome functionality. Many details of these processes are not known due to missing spatial resolution of technologies capable of investigating peroxisomes directly in the cell. Here, we present the use of super-resolution optical stimulated emission depletion microscopy to investigate with sub-60-nm resolution the heterogeneous spatial organization of the peroxisomal proteins PEX5, PEX14, and PEX11 around actively importing peroxisomes, showing distinct differences between these peroxins. Moreover, imported protein sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) occupies only a subregion of larger peroxisomes, highlighting the heterogeneous distribution of proteins even within the peroxisome. Finally, our data reveal subpopulations of peroxisomes showing only weak colocalization between PEX14 and PEX5 or PEX11 but at the same time a clear compartmentalized organization. This compartmentalization, which was less evident in cases of strong colocalization, indicates dynamic protein reorganization linked to changes occurring in the peroxisomes. Through the use of multicolor stimulated emission depletion microscopy, we have been able to characterize peroxisomes and their constituents to a yet unseen level of detail while maintaining a highly statistical approach, paving the way for equally complex biological studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Galiani
- From the Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit and
| | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | | | - Luis Daniel Cruz-Zaragoza
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Systemic Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany, and
| | - Esther Garcia
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- From the Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit and MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Schliebs
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Systemic Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany, and
| | - Ralf Erdmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Systemic Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany, and
| | - Christian Eggeling
- From the Medical Research Council Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom,
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17
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Waithe D, Clausen MP, Sezgin E, Eggeling C. FoCuS-point: software for STED fluorescence correlation and time-gated single photon counting. Bioinformatics 2016; 32:958-60. [PMID: 26589275 PMCID: PMC5939892 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) is a popular tool for measuring molecular mobility and how mobility relates to molecular interaction dynamics and bioactivity in living cells. The FCS technique has been significantly advanced by its combination with super-resolution STED microscopy (STED-FCS). Specifically, the use of gated detection has shown great potential for enhancing STED-FCS, but has also created a demand for software which is efficient and also implements the latest algorithms. Prior to this study, no open software has been available which would allow practical time-gating and correlation of point data derived from STED-FCS experiments. RESULTS The product of this study is a piece of stand-alone software called FoCuS-point. FoCuS-point utilizes advanced time-correlated single-photon counting (TCSPC) correlation algorithms along with time-gated filtering and innovative data visualization. The software has been designed to be highly user-friendly and is tailored to handle batches of data with tools designed to process files in bulk. FoCuS-point also includes advanced fitting algorithms which allow the parameters of the correlation curves and thus the kinetics of diffusion to be established quickly and efficiently. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION FoCuS-point is written in python and is available through the github repository: https://github.com/dwaithe/FCS_point_correlator Furthermore, compiled versions of the code are available as executables which can be run directly in Linux, Windows and Mac OSX operating systems. CONTACT dominic.waithe@imm.ox.ac.uk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Wolfson Imaging Centre and MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford, OX3 9DS, UK
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18
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Sezgin E, Can FB, Schneider F, Clausen MP, Galiani S, Stanly TA, Waithe D, Colaco A, Honigmann A, Wüstner D, Platt F, Eggeling C. A comparative study on fluorescent cholesterol analogs as versatile cellular reporters. J Lipid Res 2015; 57:299-309. [PMID: 26701325 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m065326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol (Chol) is a crucial component of cellular membranes, but knowledge of its intracellular dynamics is scarce. Thus, it is of utmost interest to develop tools for visualization of Chol organization and dynamics in cells and tissues. For this purpose, many studies make use of fluorescently labeled Chol analogs. Unfortunately, the introduction of the label may influence the characteristics of the analog, such as its localization, interaction, and trafficking in cells; hence, it is important to get knowledge of such bias. In this report, we compared different fluorescent lipid analogs for their performance in cellular assays: 1) plasma membrane incorporation, specifically the preference for more ordered membrane environments in phase-separated giant unilamellar vesicles and giant plasma membrane vesicles; 2) cellular trafficking, specifically subcellular localization in Niemann-Pick type C disease cells; and 3) applicability in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS)-based and super-resolution stimulated emission depletion-FCS-based measurements of membrane diffusion dynamics. The analogs exhibited strong differences, with some indicating positive performance in the membrane-based experiments and others in the intracellular trafficking assay. However, none showed positive performance in all assays. Our results constitute a concise guide for the careful use of fluorescent Chol analogs in visualizing cellular Chol dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Fatma Betul Can
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Falk Schneider
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tess A Stanly
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Waithe
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alexandria Colaco
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, OX13QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alf Honigmann
- Max Planck Institute of Cell Biology and Genetics, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Daniel Wüstner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Frances Platt
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, OX13QT Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United Kingdom
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19
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Clausen MP, Sezgin E, Bernardino de la Serna J, Waithe D, Lagerholm BC, Eggeling C. A straightforward approach for gated STED-FCS to investigate lipid membrane dynamics. Methods 2015; 88:67-75. [PMID: 26123184 PMCID: PMC4641872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen the development of multiple technologies to investigate, with great spatial and temporal resolution, the dynamics of lipids in cellular and model membranes. One of these approaches is the combination of far-field super-resolution stimulated-emission-depletion (STED) microscopy with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). STED-FCS combines the diffraction-unlimited spatial resolution of STED microscopy with the statistical accuracy of FCS to determine sub-millisecond-fast molecular dynamics with single-molecule sensitivity. A unique advantage of STED-FCS is that the observation spot for the FCS data recordings can be tuned to sub-diffraction scales, i.e. <200 nm in diameter, in a gradual manner to investigate fast diffusion of membrane-incorporated labelled entities. Unfortunately, so far the STED-FCS technology has mostly been applied on a few custom-built setups optimised for far-red fluorescent emitters. Here, we summarise the basics of the STED-FCS technology and highlight how it can give novel details into molecular diffusion modes. Most importantly, we present a straightforward way for performing STED-FCS measurements on an unmodified turnkey commercial system using a time-gated detection scheme. Further, we have evaluated the STED-FCS performance of different commonly used green emitting fluorescent dyes applying freely available, custom-written analysis software.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic Waithe
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - B Christoffer Lagerholm
- Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom; Wolfson Imaging Centre, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.
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20
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Platta HW, Brinkmeier R, Reidick C, Galiani S, Clausen MP, Eggeling C. Regulation of peroxisomal matrix protein import by ubiquitination. Biochim Biophys Acta 2015; 1863:838-49. [PMID: 26367801 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Peroxisomes are organelles that play an important role in many cellular tasks. The functionality of peroxisomes depends on the proper import of their matrix proteins. Peroxisomal matrix proteins are imported posttranslationally in a folded, sometimes even oligomeric state. They harbor a peroxisomal targeting sequence (PTS), which is recognized by dynamic PTS-receptors in the cytosol. The PTS-receptors ferry the cargo to the peroxisomal membrane, where they become part of a transient import pore and then release the cargo into the peroxisomal lumen. Subsequentially, the PTS-receptors are ubiquitinated in order to mark them for the export-machinery, which releases them back to the cytosol. Upon deubiquitination, the PTS-receptors can facilitate further rounds of cargo import. Because the ubiquitination of the receptors is an essential step in the import cycle, it also represents a central regulatory element that governs peroxisomal dynamics. In this review we want to give an introduction to the functional role played by ubiquitination during peroxisomal protein import and highlight the mechanistic concepts that have emerged based on data derived from different species since the discovery of the first ubiquitinated peroxin 15years ago. Moreover, we discuss future tasks and the potential of using advanced technologies for investigating further details of peroxisomal protein transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald W Platta
- Biochemie Intrazellulärer Transportprozesse, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Rebecca Brinkmeier
- Biochemie Intrazellulärer Transportprozesse, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christina Reidick
- Biochemie Intrazellulärer Transportprozesse, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Eggeling
- MRC Human Immunology Unit, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, United Kingdom.
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21
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Vicidomini G, Ta H, Honigmann A, Mueller V, Clausen MP, Waithe D, Galiani S, Sezgin E, Diaspro A, Hell S, Eggeling C. STED-FLCS: An Advanced Tool to Reveal Spatiotemporal Heterogeneity of Molecular Membrane Dynamics. Nano Lett 2015; 15:5912-8. [PMID: 26235350 PMCID: PMC4819494 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b02001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous diffusion dynamics of molecules play an important role in many cellular signaling events, such as of lipids in plasma membrane bioactivity. However, these dynamics can often only be visualized by single-molecule and super-resolution optical microscopy techniques. Using fluorescence lifetime correlation spectroscopy (FLCS, an extension of fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, FCS) on a super-resolution stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscope, we here extend previous observations of nanoscale lipid dynamics in the plasma membrane of living mammalian cells. STED-FLCS allows an improved determination of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in molecular diffusion and interaction dynamics via a novel gated detection scheme, as demonstrated by a comparison between STED-FLCS and previous conventional STED-FCS recordings on fluorescent phosphoglycerolipid and sphingolipid analogues in the plasma membrane of live mammalian cells. The STED-FLCS data indicate that biophysical and biochemical parameters such as the affinity for molecular complexes strongly change over space and time within a few seconds. Drug treatment for cholesterol depletion or actin cytoskeleton depolymerization not only results in the already previously observed decreased affinity for molecular interactions but also in a slight reduction of the spatiotemporal heterogeneity. STED-FLCS specifically demonstrates a significant improvement over previous gated STED-FCS experiments and with its improved spatial and temporal resolution is a novel tool for investigating how heterogeneities of the cellular plasma membrane may regulate biofunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vicidomini
- Nanoscopy, Nanophysics, Instituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- E-mail:
| | - Haisen Ta
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Alf Honigmann
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstr. 108, 01309 Dresden, Germany
| | - Veronika Mueller
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Mathias P. Clausen
- MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre
Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department
of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
- MEMPHYS−Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense MDK-5230, Denmark
| | - Dominic Waithe
- MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre
Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department
of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Silvia Galiani
- MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre
Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department
of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre
Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department
of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanoscopy, Nanophysics, Instituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Stefan
W. Hell
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Christian Eggeling
- Department of NanoBiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre
Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Radcliffe Department
of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, OX3 9DS Oxford, United Kingdom
- E-mail:
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22
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Andrade DM, Clausen MP, Keller J, Mueller V, Wu C, Bear JE, Hell SW, Lagerholm BC, Eggeling C. Cortical actin networks induce spatio-temporal confinement of phospholipids in the plasma membrane--a minimally invasive investigation by STED-FCS. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11454. [PMID: 26118385 PMCID: PMC4484492 DOI: 10.1038/srep11454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Important discoveries in the last decades have changed our view of the plasma membrane organisation. Specifically, the cortical cytoskeleton has emerged as a key modulator of the lateral diffusion of membrane proteins. Cytoskeleton-dependent compartmentalised lipid diffusion has been proposed, but this concept remains controversial because this phenomenon has thus far only been observed with artefact-prone probes in combination with a single technique: single particle tracking. In this paper, we report the first direct observation of compartmentalised phospholipid diffusion in the plasma membrane of living cells using a minimally invasive, fluorescent dye labelled lipid analogue. These observations were made using optical STED nanoscopy in combination with fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (STED-FCS), a technique which allows the study of membrane dynamics on a sub-millisecond time-scale and with a spatial resolution of down to 40 nm. Specifically, we find that compartmentalised phospholipid diffusion depends on the cortical actin cytoskeleton, and that this constrained diffusion is directly dependent on the F-actin branching nucleator Arp2/3. These findings provide solid evidence that the Arp2/3-dependent cortical actin cytoskeleton plays a pivotal role in the dynamic organisation of the plasma membrane, potentially regulating fundamental cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora M Andrade
- 1] Department of Nanobiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany [2] Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SR, UK
| | - Mathias P Clausen
- 1] Department of Nanobiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany [2] MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK [3] MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M,DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Jan Keller
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Veronika Mueller
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - Congying Wu
- Department of Cell &Developmental Biology, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
| | - James E Bear
- 1] Department of Cell &Developmental Biology, and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA [2] Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill NC 27599, USA
| | - Stefan W Hell
- Department of Nanobiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| | - B Christoffer Lagerholm
- 1] MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK [2] MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M,DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Christian Eggeling
- 1] Department of Nanobiophotonics, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, Göttingen 37077, Germany [2] MRC Human Immunology Unit and Wolfson Imaging Centre Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Headley Way, Oxford OX3 9DS, UK
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23
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Clausen MP, Arnspang EC, Ballou B, Bear JE, Lagerholm BC. Simultaneous multi-species tracking in live cells with quantum dot conjugates. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97671. [PMID: 24892555 PMCID: PMC4043679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum dots are available in a range of spectrally separated emission colors and with a range of water-stabilizing surface coatings that offers great flexibility for enabling bio-specificity. In this study, we have taken advantage of this flexibility to demonstrate that it is possible to perform a simultaneous investigation of the lateral dynamics in the plasma membrane of i) the transmembrane epidermal growth factor receptor, ii) the glucosylphospatidylinositol-anchored protein CD59, and iii) ganglioside GM1-cholera toxin subunit B clusters in a single cell. We show that a large number of the trajectories are longer than 50 steps, which we by simulations show to be sufficient for robust single trajectory analysis. This analysis shows that the populations of the diffusion coefficients are heterogeneously distributed for all three species, but differ between the different species. We further show that the heterogeneity is decreased upon treating the cells with methyl-β-cyclodextrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias P. Clausen
- MEMPHYS – Center for Biomembrane Physics and Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center (DaMBIC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Eva C. Arnspang
- MEMPHYS – Center for Biomembrane Physics and Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center (DaMBIC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - Byron Ballou
- Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center (MBIC), Mellon Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - James E. Bear
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - B. Christoffer Lagerholm
- MEMPHYS – Center for Biomembrane Physics and Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center (DaMBIC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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24
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Arnspang EC, Schwartzentruber J, Clausen MP, Wiseman PW, Lagerholm BC. Bridging the gap between single molecule and ensemble methods for measuring lateral dynamics in the plasma membrane. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78096. [PMID: 24324577 PMCID: PMC3850922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The lateral dynamics of proteins and lipids in the mammalian plasma membrane are heterogeneous likely reflecting both a complex molecular organization and interactions with other macromolecules that reside outside the plane of the membrane. Several methods are commonly used for characterizing the lateral dynamics of lipids and proteins. These experimental and data analysis methods differ in equipment requirements, labeling complexities, and further oftentimes give different results. It would therefore be very convenient to have a single method that is flexible in the choice of fluorescent label and labeling densities from single molecules to ensemble measurements, that can be performed on a conventional wide-field microscope, and that is suitable for fast and accurate analysis. In this work we show that k-space image correlation spectroscopy (kICS) analysis, a technique which was originally developed for analyzing lateral dynamics in samples that are labeled at high densities, can also be used for fast and accurate analysis of single molecule density data of lipids and proteins labeled with quantum dots (QDs). We have further used kICS to investigate the effect of the label size and by comparing the results for a biotinylated lipid labeled at high densities with Atto647N-strepatvidin (sAv) or sparse densities with sAv-QDs. In this latter case, we see that the recovered diffusion rate is two-fold greater for the same lipid and in the same cell-type when labeled with Atto647N-sAv as compared to sAv-QDs. This data demonstrates that kICS can be used for analysis of single molecule data and furthermore can bridge between samples with a labeling densities ranging from single molecule to ensemble level measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva C. Arnspang
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics & DaMBIC – Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Mathias P. Clausen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics & DaMBIC – Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Paul W. Wiseman
- Department of Physics and Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - B. Christoffer Lagerholm
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics & DaMBIC – Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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25
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Abstract
In this study, we have imaged plasma membrane molecules labeled with quantum dots in live cells using a conventional wide-field microscope with high spatial precision at sampling frequencies of 1.75 kHz. Many of the resulting single molecule trajectories are sufficiently long (up to several thousand steps) to allow for robust single trajectory analysis. This analysis indicates that a majority of the investigated molecules are transiently confined in nanoscopic compartments with a mean size of (100–150 nm)(2) for a mean duration of 50–100 ms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias P Clausen
- MEMPHYS − Center for Biomembrane Physics and DaMBIC − Danish Molecular Biomedical Imaging Center, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Clausen MP, Lagerholm BC. The probe rules in single particle tracking. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2012; 12:699-713. [PMID: 22044141 DOI: 10.2174/138920311798841672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2010] [Revised: 01/25/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Single particle tracking (SPT) enables light microscopy at a sub-diffraction limited spatial resolution by a combination of imaging at low molecular labeling densities and computational image processing. SPT and related single molecule imaging techniques have found a rapidly expanded use within the life sciences. This expanded use is due to an increased demand and requisite for developing a comprehensive understanding of the spatial dynamics of bio-molecular interactions at a spatial scale that is equivalent to the size of the molecules themselves, as well as by the emergence of new imaging techniques and probes that have made historically very demanding and specialized bio-imaging techniques more easily accessible and achievable. SPT has in particular found extensive use for analyzing the molecular organization of biological membranes. From these and other studies using complementary techniques it has been determined that the organization of native plasma membranes is heterogeneous over a very large range of spatial and temporal scales. The observed heterogeneities in the organization have the practical consequence that the SPT results in investigations of native plasma membranes are time dependent. Furthermore, because the accessible time dynamics, and also the spatial resolution, in an SPT experiment is mainly dependent on the luminous brightness and photostability of the particular SPT probe that is used, available SPT results are ultimately dependent on the SPT probes. The focus of this review is on the impact that the SPT probe has on the experimental results in SPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias P Clausen
- Department of Physics and Chemistry, and MEMPHYS - Center for Biomembrane Physics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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Lagerholm C, Clausen MP. High-Speed Single Quantum Dot Imaging of in Live Cells Reveal Hop Diffusion. Biophys J 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.1594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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