1
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Rondeau D, Gimbert Y, Vékey K, Dráhos L, Turbiez M, Frère P, Roncali J. Mass spectrometry evidence for self-rigidification of π-conjugated oligomers containing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene groups using RRKM theory and internal energy calibration. Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester) 2019; 25:239-250. [PMID: 31018695 DOI: 10.1177/1469066718811712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The self-rigidification of ionized π-conjugated systems based on two combinations of thiophene (T) and 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (E) is investigated using mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry (MIKES) of ions produced from electron impact ionization at 70 eV. The m/z 446 radical cations of the two isomers ETTE and TEET lead to detect m/z 418 and 390 daughter ions. The MIKE spectra differ only by the intensities of these fragment ions. As the m/z 418 daughter ion is produced through a same retro-Diels Alder reaction whatever the fragmenting isomer, the difference in daughter ion intensities is interpreted in term of unimolecular dissociation rate constants ( k( Eint)) ratios. Considering that the transition state (TS) of such reaction is attributed to a quinoid form, equivalent vibration modes are assumed for the TS of both dissociating ETTE and TEET radical cations. As a result, by using the Rice-Ramsperger-Kassel-Marcus (RRKM) theory, the difference in daughter ion intensities is interpreted by considering that the fragmenting ion is more or less ordered in its ground state than at the transition state, resulting from the influence of the number of the S…O interactions in the planarization of the TEET ion toward the ETTE charged species. The comparison of this behavior in MIKES experiments is supported by the modeling of ion behavior in mass spectrometer and the calibration in internal energy of the radical cations produced in an EI source.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Rondeau
- 1 Univ Rennes, CNRS IETR (Institut d'Electronique et de Télécommunications de Rennes) UMR 6164, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes Cedex, France
- 2 Département de Chimie, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Cedex, France
| | - Yves Gimbert
- 3 Université Grenoble Alpes and CNRS, DCM (UMR 5250) BP 53, Cedex, France
| | - Károly Vékey
- 4 MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Laszlo Dráhos
- 4 MS Proteomics Research Group, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mathieu Turbiez
- 5 Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, Group Linear Conjugated Systems, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, Angers, France
| | - Pierre Frère
- 5 Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, Group Linear Conjugated Systems, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, Angers, France
| | - Jean Roncali
- 5 Université d'Angers, MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200, Group Linear Conjugated Systems, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, Angers, France
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2
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Esiner S, van Eersel H, van Pruissen GWP, Turbiez M, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ. Water Splitting with Series-Connected Polymer Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:26972-26981. [PMID: 27643525 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b06381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate light-driven electrochemical water splitting with series-connected polymer solar cells using a combined experimental and modeling approach. The expected maximum solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency (ηSTH) for light-driven water splitting is modeled for two, three, and four series-connected polymer solar cells. In the modeling, we assume an electrochemical water splitting potential of 1.50 V and a polymer solar cell for which the external quantum efficiency and fill factor are both 0.65. The minimum photon energy loss (Eloss), defined as the energy difference between the optical band gap (Eg) and the open-circuit voltage (Voc), is set to 0.8 eV, which we consider a realistic value for polymer solar cells. Within these approximations, two series-connected single junction cells with Eg = 1.73 eV or three series-connected cells with Eg = 1.44 eV are both expected to give an ηSTH of 6.9%. For four series-connected cells, the maximum ηSTH is slightly less at 6.2% at an optimal Eg = 1.33 eV. Water splitting was performed with series-connected polymer solar cells using polymers with different band gaps. PTPTIBDT-OD (Eg = 1.89 eV), PTB7-Th (Eg = 1.56 eV), and PDPP5T-2 (Eg = 1.44 eV) were blended with [70]PCBM as absorber layer for two, three, and four series-connected configurations, respectively, and provide ηSTH values of 4.1, 6.1, and 4.9% when using a retroreflective foil on top of the cell to enhance light absorption. The reasons for deviations with experiments are analyzed and found to be due to differences in Eg and Eloss. Light-driven electrochemical water splitting was also modeled for multijunction polymer solar cells with vertically stacked photoactive layers. Under identical assumptions, an ηSTH of 10.0% is predicted for multijunction cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Esiner
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Harm van Eersel
- Simbeyond B.V. , P.O. Box 513, NL 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs W P van Pruissen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Turbiez
- BASF Schweiz AG , Schwarzwaldallee 215, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martijn M Wienk
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research , De Zaale 20, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - René A J Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology , P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research , De Zaale 20, 5612 AJ Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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3
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Tait JG, Paetzold UW, Cheyns D, Turbiez M, Heremans P, Rand BP. Interfacial Depletion Regions: Beyond the Space Charge Limit in Thick Bulk Heterojunctions. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2016; 8:2211-2219. [PMID: 26690662 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Space charge limited photocurrent is typically described as the limiting factor in carrier extraction efficiency for organic bulk heterojunctions with increasing thickness. It successfully characterizes the carrier extraction efficiency in these devices with thin to moderate thickness and dissimilar carrier mobilities. However, in this article we show that space charge limited photocurrent cannot solely explain the intensity dependent spectral response of extremely thick organic photovoltaics. In addition, interfacial depletion regions near the contacts contribute to the field distribution and carrier collection. Here, we describe charge collection efficiency with an optical p-i-n model, allowing for collection from band bending due to mobility-induced and interfacial-doping-induced space charge regions. We verify the model with up to 1400 nm thick spray-coated devices in both p-i-n (conventional) and n-i-p (inverted) architecture, including variations of thickness, illumination intensity, transport materials, and bifacial (semitransparent) devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey G Tait
- IMEC , Kapeldreef 75, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KULeuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Paul Heremans
- IMEC , Kapeldreef 75, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
- Department of Electrical Engineering, KULeuven , Kasteelpark Arenberg 10, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Barry P Rand
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Andlinger Center for Energy and the Environment, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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4
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Bartesaghi D, Pérez IDC, Kniepert J, Roland S, Turbiez M, Neher D, Koster LJA. Competition between recombination and extraction of free charges determines the fill factor of organic solar cells. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7083. [PMID: 25947637 PMCID: PMC4432638 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the parameters that characterize a solar cell and define its power-conversion efficiency, the fill factor is the least well understood, making targeted improvements difficult. Here we quantify the competition between charge extraction and recombination by using a single parameter θ, and we demonstrate that this parameter is directly related to the fill factor of many different bulk-heterojunction solar cells. Our finding is supported by experimental measurements on 15 different donor:acceptor combinations, as well as by drift-diffusion simulations of organic solar cells in which charge-carrier mobilities, recombination rate, light intensity, energy levels and active-layer thickness are all varied over wide ranges to reproduce typical experimental conditions. The results unify the fill factors of several very different donor:acceptor combinations and give insight into why fill factors change so much with thickness, light intensity and materials properties. To achieve fill factors larger than 0.8 requires further improvements in charge transport while reducing recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bartesaghi
- 1] Department of Photophysics and Optoelectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands [2] Dutch Polymer Institute, P. O. Box 902, 5600AX Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Del Carmen Pérez
- Department of Photophysics and Optoelectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Juliane Kniepert
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Steffen Roland
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mathieu Turbiez
- BASF Schweiz AG, Schwarzwaldallee 215, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Neher
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - L Jan Anton Koster
- Department of Photophysics and Optoelectronics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, NL-9747AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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5
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Qiu W, Müller R, Voroshazi E, Conings B, Carleer R, Boyen HG, Turbiez M, Froyen L, Heremans P, Hadipour A. Nafion-modified MoOx as effective room-temperature hole injection layer for stable, high-performance inverted organic solar cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2015; 7:3581-9. [PMID: 25626465 DOI: 10.1021/am507459t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We present a hole injection layer processed from solution at room temperature for inverted organic solar cells. Bis(2,4-pentanedionato) molybdenum(VI) dioxide (MoO2(acac)2) is used as the precursor for MoOx. Small amounts of Nafion in the precursor solution allow it to form continuous films with good wetting onto the active layers. The hydrolysis of MoO2(acac)2 and the effects of adding Nafion to the precursor solution are studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The devices with solution-processed MoOx including Nafion exhibited comparable performance to the reference devices based on the commonly used hole injection layers such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) or evaporated MoO3. Inverted poly(3-hexylthiophene):[6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester devices with Nafion-modified MoOx maintain 80% of their initial power conversion efficiency upon exposure to ambient air for ∼5000 h, outperforming devices with PEDOT:PSS or with evaporated MoO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Qiu
- Imec , Kapeldreef 75, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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6
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Turbiez M, Faye D, Leriche P, Frère P. Bis-EDOT end capped by n-hexyl or n-hexylsulfanyl groups: the effect of the substituents on the stability of the oxidized states. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4nj01684j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur atoms of hexylsulfanyl groups stabilize the radical cation and dication states and prevent the σ-dimerization of the radical cation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Djibril Faye
- University of Angers
- MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200
- 49045 Anger cedex
- France
| | - Philippe Leriche
- University of Angers
- MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200
- 49045 Anger cedex
- France
| | - Pierre Frère
- University of Angers
- MOLTECH-Anjou UMR CNRS 6200
- 49045 Anger cedex
- France
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7
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Li W, Roelofs WSC, Turbiez M, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ. Polymer solar cells with diketopyrrolopyrrole conjugated polymers as the electron donor and electron acceptor. Adv Mater 2014; 26:3304-3309. [PMID: 24668859 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201305910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2013] [Revised: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A new class of diketopyrrolopyrrole conjugated acceptor polymer incorporating thiazoles with low-lying energy levels, high electron mobility, and broad absorption to the near infrared region provides a power conversion efficiency of 2.9% in solar cells with a second diketopyrrolo-pyrrole polymer as the donor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Li
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600, MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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8
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Kouijzer S, Michels JJ, van den Berg M, Gevaerts VS, Turbiez M, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ. Predicting Morphologies of Solution Processed Polymer:Fullerene Blends. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12057-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ja405493j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Kouijzer
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jasper J. Michels
- Holst Centre/TNO, High Tech Campus 31,
5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mauricio van den Berg
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Veronique S. Gevaerts
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mathieu Turbiez
- Organic Electronic Materials Basel, BASF Schweiz AG, Schwarzwaldallee 215, 4002 Basel,
Switzerland
| | - Martijn M. Wienk
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600
MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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9
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Ripolles-Sanchis T, Raga SR, Guerrero A, Welker M, Turbiez M, Bisquert J, Garcia-Belmonte G. Molecular Electronic Coupling Controls Charge Recombination Kinetics in Organic Solar Cells of Low Bandgap Diketopyrrolopyrrole, Carbazole, and Thiophene Polymers. J Phys Chem C Nanomater Interfaces 2013; 117:8719-8726. [PMID: 23662167 PMCID: PMC3646405 DOI: 10.1021/jp402751v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Low-bandgap diketopyrrolopyrrole- and carbazole-based polymer bulk-heterojunction solar cells exhibit much faster charge carrier recombination kinetics than that encountered for less-recombining poly(3-hexylthiophene). Solar cells comprising these polymers exhibit energy losses caused by carrier recombination of approximately 100 mV, expressed as reduction in open-circuit voltage, and consequently photovoltaic conversion efficiency lowers in more than 20%. The analysis presented here unravels the origin of that energy loss by connecting the limiting mechanism governing recombination dynamics to the electronic coupling occurring at the donor polymer and acceptor fullerene interfaces. Previous approaches correlate carrier transport properties and recombination kinetics by means of Langevin-like mechanisms. However, neither carrier mobility nor polymer ionization energy helps understanding the variation of the recombination coefficient among the studied polymers. In the framework of the charge transfer Marcus theory, it is proposed that recombination time scale is linked with charge transfer molecular mechanisms at the polymer/fullerene interfaces. As expected for efficient organic solar cells, small electronic coupling existing between donor polymers and acceptor fullerene (Vif < 1 meV) and large reorganization energy (λ ≈ 0.7 eV) are encountered. Differences in the electronic coupling among polymer/fullerene blends suffice to explain the slowest recombination exhibited by poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based solar cells. Our approach reveals how to directly connect photovoltaic parameters as open-circuit voltage to molecular properties of blended materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Ripolles-Sanchis
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Sonia R. Raga
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Antonio Guerrero
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Matthias Welker
- BASF
Schweiz AG, Schwarzwaldallee 215, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Turbiez
- BASF
Schweiz AG, Schwarzwaldallee 215, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Juan Bisquert
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
| | - Germà Garcia-Belmonte
- Photovoltaic and Optoelectronic
Devices Group, Departament de Física, Universitat Jaume I, ES-12071 Castelló,
Spain
- E-mail:
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10
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Nielsen CB, Turbiez M, McCulloch I. Recent advances in the development of semiconducting DPP-containing polymers for transistor applications. Adv Mater 2013. [PMID: 23008141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.v25.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This progress report summarizes the numerous DPP-containing polymers recently developed for field-effect transistor applications including diphenyl-DPP and dithienyl-DPP-based polymers as the most commonly reported materials, but also difuranyl-DPP, diselenophenyl-DPP and dithienothienyl-DPP-containing polymers. We discuss the hole and electron mobilities that were reported in relation to structural properties such as alkyl substitution patterns, polymer molecular weights and solid state packing, as well as electronic properties including HOMO and LUMO energy levels. We moreover consider important aspects of ambipolar charge transport and highlight fundamental structure-property relations such as the relationships between the thin film morphologies and the charge carrier mobilities observed for DPP-containing polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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Nielsen CB, Turbiez M, McCulloch I. Recent advances in the development of semiconducting DPP-containing polymers for transistor applications. Adv Mater 2013; 25:1859-80. [PMID: 23008141 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201201795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This progress report summarizes the numerous DPP-containing polymers recently developed for field-effect transistor applications including diphenyl-DPP and dithienyl-DPP-based polymers as the most commonly reported materials, but also difuranyl-DPP, diselenophenyl-DPP and dithienothienyl-DPP-containing polymers. We discuss the hole and electron mobilities that were reported in relation to structural properties such as alkyl substitution patterns, polymer molecular weights and solid state packing, as well as electronic properties including HOMO and LUMO energy levels. We moreover consider important aspects of ambipolar charge transport and highlight fundamental structure-property relations such as the relationships between the thin film morphologies and the charge carrier mobilities observed for DPP-containing polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian B Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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12
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Gevaerts VS, Furlan A, Wienk MM, Turbiez M, Janssen RAJ. Solution processed polymer tandem solar cell using efficient small and wide bandgap polymer:fullerene blends. Adv Mater 2012; 24:2130-2134. [PMID: 22438114 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201104939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2011] [Revised: 01/21/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Solution processed polymer tandem solar cells that combine wide and small bandgap absorber layers reach a power conversion efficiency of 7% in a series configuration. This represents a 20% increase compared to the best single junction cells made with the individual active layers and shows that the tandem configuration reduces transmission and thermalization losses in converting sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronique S Gevaerts
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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13
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Bijleveld JC, Gevaerts VS, Di Nuzzo D, Turbiez M, Mathijssen SGJ, de Leeuw DM, Wienk MM, Janssen RAJ. Efficient solar cells based on an easily accessible diketopyrrolopyrrole polymer. Adv Mater 2010; 22:E242-E246. [PMID: 20734379 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201001449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan C Bijleveld
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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14
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Turbiez M, Hergué N, Leriche P, Frère P. Rigid oligomers based on the combination of 3,6-dimethoxythieno[3,2-b]thiophene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Bijleveld JC, Zoombelt AP, Mathijssen SGJ, Wienk MM, Turbiez M, de Leeuw DM, Janssen RAJ. Poly(diketopyrrolopyrrole−terthiophene) for Ambipolar Logic and Photovoltaics. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:16616-7. [PMID: 19886605 DOI: 10.1021/ja907506r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johan C. Bijleveld
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and BASF, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arjan P. Zoombelt
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and BASF, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon G. J. Mathijssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and BASF, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martijn M. Wienk
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and BASF, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Turbiez
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and BASF, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dago M. de Leeuw
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and BASF, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - René A. J. Janssen
- Molecular Materials and Nanosystems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands, Philips Research Laboratories, High Tech Campus 4, 5656 AE Eindhoven, The Netherlands, and BASF, Klybeckstrasse 141, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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Turbiez M, Frère P, Allain M, Gallego-Planas N, Roncali J. Effect of Structural Factor on the Electropolymerization of Bithiophenic Precursors Containing a 3,4-Ethylenedisulfanylthiophene Unit. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma050655q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Turbiez
- Groupe SCL, CIMMA UMR CNRS 6200, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex, France, and CIMMA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Pierre Frère
- Groupe SCL, CIMMA UMR CNRS 6200, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex, France, and CIMMA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Magali Allain
- Groupe SCL, CIMMA UMR CNRS 6200, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex, France, and CIMMA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Nuria Gallego-Planas
- Groupe SCL, CIMMA UMR CNRS 6200, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex, France, and CIMMA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jean Roncali
- Groupe SCL, CIMMA UMR CNRS 6200, Université d'Angers, 2 boulevard Lavoisier 49045 Angers Cedex, France, and CIMMA, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
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Turbiez M, Frère P, Allain M, Videlot C, Ackermann J, Roncali J. Design of Organic Semiconductors: Tuning the Electronic Properties of π-Conjugated Oligothiophenes with the 3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) Building Block. Chemistry 2005; 11:3742-52. [PMID: 15832400 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200401058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Hybrid oligothiophenes based on a various combinations of thiophene and 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) groups have been synthesized. UV/Vis absorption spectra show that the number and relative positions of the EDOT groups considerably affect the width of the HOMO-LUMO gap and the rigidity of the conjugated system. Analysis of the crystallographic structure of two hybrid quaterthiophenes confirms that insertion of two adjacent EDOT units in the middle of the molecule leads to a self-rigidification of the conjugated systems by intramolecular SO interactions. Cyclic voltammetry data shows that the first oxidation potential of the oligomers decreases with increasing chain length and increasing number of EDOT groups for a given chain length. Electrochemical studies and theoretical calculations show that the positions of the EDOT units in the conjugated chain control the potential difference (DeltaE(p)) between the first and second oxidation steps. Moving the EDOT groups from the outer to the inner positions of the conjugated system increases DeltaE(p). Theoretical calculations confirm that this phenomenon reflects an increase of the intramolecular coulombic repulsion between positive charges in the dication. A thin-film field-effect transistor was fabricated by vacuum sublimation of a pentamer with alternating thiophene-EDOT structure, and the hole mobility was determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Turbiez
- Groupe Systèmes Conjugués Linéaires, CIMMA, UMR CNRS 6200, Université d'Angers, France
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Turbiez M, Frère P, Leriche P, Mercier N, Roncali J. Poly(3,6-dimethoxy-thieno[3,2-b]thiophene): a possible alternative to poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). Chem Commun (Camb) 2005:1161-3. [PMID: 15726178 DOI: 10.1039/b414822c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electropolymerization of the title compound leads to a conjugated polymer with redox potential, band gap, optical transparency in the doped state and stability similar to those of PEDOT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Turbiez
- Groupe Systemes Conjugues Lineaires, CIMMA CNRS UMR 6200, 2 Boulevard Lavoisier, 49045 Angers, France
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Abstract
The synthesis of a new series of stable and soluble EDOT oligomers end-capped with n-hexyl groups is described. Optical and electrochemical results indicate that the synergy between the direct electron-releasing effects of the ethylenedioxy groups and the self-rigidification resulting from intramolecular interactions controls to a large extent the HOMO-LUMO gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Turbiez
- Groupe Systèmes Conjugués Linéaires, Laboratoire IMMO, UMR CNRS 6501 Université d'Angers, 2 Bd Lavoisier, 49000 Angers Cedex, France
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Leriche P, Raimundo JM, Turbiez M, Monroche V, Allain M, Sauvage FX, Roncali J, Frère P, Skabara PJ. Linearly extended tetrathiafulvalene analogues with fused thiophene units as π-conjugated spacers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1039/b301149f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Leriche P, Turbiez M, Monroche V, Frère P, Blanchard P, Skabara PJ, Roncali J. Strong π-electron donors based on a self-rigidified 2,2′-bi(3,4-ethylenedioxy)thiophene–tetrathiafulvalene hybrid π-conjugated system. Tetrahedron Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)02702-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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