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Stone WJ, Garver MJ, Wakeman A, Tolusso DV, Nelson H, Hair J, Nehlsen EJ. More than Body Composition: A Darwinian Theory of Somatotype Applied to a DII Track and Field Outdoor Season. Int J Exerc Sci 2024; 17:1-12. [PMID: 38665857 PMCID: PMC11042888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
This study presents somatotype data on a team sport with chronic and diverse sporting demands. The aims were to (1) characterize a somatotype profile for Division II (DII) track and field athletes (n=54) by sex, class, and events; (2) determine if somatotype changed across the season; (3) determine if changes differed based on class or sex; and, (4) assess potential differences in somatotype between sexes. Methods Anthropometrics (height, weight, body composition, somatotype) were evaluated after a competitive indoor season and immediately before the outdoor conference championships (41 days). Body measurements were assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis device, skinfold assessment, boney breadths, and limb girths. Descriptive statistics are provided as well as results from two-way ANOVAs which evaluate differences in actual and change scores across sex and class. Results Our DII track and field athletes were primarily endomorphic (scores displayed as ENDO, MESO, ECTO, respectively). Males were found to be primarily ENDO-MESO somatotypes (4.7, 4.1, 3.0), while females were dominantly ENDO (7.7, 2.9, 2.9). Upperclass were more ENDO-MESO balanced compared with lowerclass (5.8, 3.8, 2.8 vs 6.0, 3.5, 3.0). When investigated based on sex, class level, and event, the groups were similar. There was no meaningful change to ECTO scores across the season for males or females. Female athletes improved ENDO scores (-0.89%) and males and females improved MESO scores (14.29% and 5.29%, respectively), indicating adaptations can be accomplished despite the chronic demands of a competitive season. Conclusion Our research offers practitioners information about the potential changes they may expect across a competitive track and field season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitley J Stone
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA
| | - Matthew J Garver
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Health, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Amanda Wakeman
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Health, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Danilo V Tolusso
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA
| | - Hannah Nelson
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Josie Hair
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Health, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Eric J Nehlsen
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Health, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
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Anderson OK, Voskuil CC, Byrd MT, Garver MJ, Rickard AJ, Miller WM, Bergstrom HC, Dinyer McNeely TK. Affective and Perceptual Responses During an 8-Week Resistance Training to Failure Intervention at Low vs. High Loads in Untrained Women. J Strength Cond Res 2023; 37:546-554. [PMID: 35947512 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Anderson, AlOK, Voskuil, CC, Byrd, MT, Garver, MJ, Rickard, AJ, Miller, WM, Bergstrom, HC, and Dinyer McNeely, TK. Affective and perceptual responses during an 8-week resistance training to failure intervention at low vs. high loads in untrained women. J Strength Cond Res 37(3): 546-554, 2023-This study examined the effects of resistance training (RT) to failure on the perceptual and affective responses, intent-to-continue RT to failure in a self-initiated session, and affect-intent relationship. Twenty-three untrained women (mean ± SD : age 21.2 ± 2.2 years; height 167 ± 5.7 cm; body mass, 62.3 ± 16.2 kg) completed an 8-week, full-body RT to failure intervention at a low (30% 1RM; n = 11) or high (80% 1RM; n = 12) load. The Borg's rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale was used to assess the acute (aRPE) and session (sRPE) RPE immediately after repetition failure and each training session, respectively. Immediately, 15-minute, and 60-minute postsession affective responses were assessed using the feeling scale (FS; -5 to +5), and intent to continue to RT was assessed on a scale of 0-100% intention. During week 4 (W4) and week 8 (W8), aRPE (W4: 18 ± 2, W8: 18 ± 2; p ≤ 0.032) and sRPE (W4: 17 ± 2, W8: 18 ± 1; p ≤ 0.018) were greater than that during week 1 (W1; aRPE: 17 ± 2; sRPE: 16 ± 2). The FS responses increased from immediately to 60-minute postsession during W4 ( p ≤ 0.019) and W8 ( p ≤ 0.049). The correlation between affect and intent-to-continue RT increased from W1 ( r = 0.416) to W8 ( r = 0.777). Regardless of load, untrained women reported similar perceptual, affective, and intention responses. These variables should be considered to improve RT program adoption and adherence in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia K Anderson
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
| | - Caleb C Voskuil
- Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - M Travis Byrd
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Matthew J Garver
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Missouri
| | - Alex J Rickard
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Missouri
| | - William M Miller
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi; and
| | - Haley C Bergstrom
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Taylor K Dinyer McNeely
- School of Kinesiology, Applied Health and Recreation, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma
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Garver MJ, Navalta JW, Heijnen MJH, Davis DW, Reece JD, Stone WJ, Siegel SR, Lyons TS. IJES Self-Study on Participants' Sex in Exercise Science: Sex-Data Gap and Corresponding Author Survey. Int J Exerc Sci 2023; 16:364-376. [PMID: 37123815 PMCID: PMC10128117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A sex-data gap exists between females and males within the sport and exercise science literature, and implications are far-reaching. The purpose of this work was to (a) heed recent calls and scrutinize data from within IJES to address the gap and (b) gain insight on self-identified sex of IJES corresponding authors. The present self-study included all published manuscripts from 2008 through 2021. A total of 851 publications were included, and 806 (94.7%) reported data on participant sex. There was a difference between publications that included only females (n = 132) versus only males (n = 215), and three publications reported data on sex according to non-binary identifications (0.4%). There was an overall difference between the number of female (n = 54,153; 35.9%) and male (n = 96,890; 64.1%) participants. To gain insight on self-identified sex of corresponding authors, we performed an IRB-approved research study. Among 761 unique corresponding authors, 168 individuals provided 157 usable responses-58 biological females (36.9%) and 99 biological males (63.1%). We fully support the prerogative of researchers to ethically conduct investigations and encourage open-mindedness and inclusion in future research. With data revealing an approximate one-third female (36%) and two-thirds male (64%) composition, and corresponding author feedback on self-identified sex being similar (36.9% and 63.1%, respectively), we propose a new concept that should be analyzed: is the sex-data gap representative of the composition of the field? We are not excusing the sex-data gap issue as if it cannot be addressed, and we urge others to join us in researching this line of inquiry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Garver
- Department of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Health, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - James W Navalta
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Michel J H Heijnen
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Dustin W Davis
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Joel D Reece
- Faculty of Science, Brigham Young University Hawaii, La'ie, HI, USA
| | - Whitley J Stone
- School of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, USA
| | - Shannon R Siegel
- Dept of Kinesiology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - T Scott Lyons
- Department of Kinesiology, University of North Alabama, Florence, AL, USA
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Philipp NM, Crawford DA, Garver MJ, Strohmeyer HS. Evaluating Novel Methods of Classifying Interlimb Asymmetries Within Collegiate American Football Players. Int J Exerc Sci 2022; 15:473-487. [PMID: 35519436 PMCID: PMC9022697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few years, researchers and sport scientists have expressed an increased interest in the effects of interlimb asymmetry on aspects of sport performance such as jumping, sprinting, and changing direction. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of three different means of classifying asymmetry to highlight if a 6-week resistance training intervention can meaningfully reduce levels of asymmetry, and to determine the relation between asymmetry reduction and improvements in change of direction (CoD) performance, if any. Eighteen, division-two collegiate American football skill position players completed all pre- and post-intervention procedures. These procedures involved the completion of the Bulgarian Split Squat (BSS) exercise from which asymmetries in relative average power (Rel.AP), and relative peak power (Rel.PP) were derived. Additionally, participants completed three repetitions within the 505 and L-drill tests to quantify CoD performance. Results from our study show that participants classified as asymmetrical, exhibiting observed asymmetry in Rel.PP scores larger than the sample mean plus one standard deviation, had the greatest likelihood of reducing asymmetry (OR = 6.99, 95% CI: 1.4, 12.5) and improving L-drill performance (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: -2.1, 4.8). Further, our training intervention meaningfully reduced Rel.AP asymmetry (p = 0.027, Cohen's d = 0.73). At the group level, these reductions in asymmetry were accompanied by improvements in L-drill performance that were larger than the sample smallest worthwhile change (SWC). At the individual level, however, change scores in asymmetry and change scores in CoD performance only showed small, non-significant correlations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas M Philipp
- Jayhawk Athletic Performance Laboratory, Wu Tsai Human Performance Alliance - University of Kansas; University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS
| | - Derek A Crawford
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO; USA
| | - Matthew J Garver
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO; USA
| | - H Scott Strohmeyer
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO; USA
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Voskuil CC, Dinyer TK, Succi PJ, Byrd MT, Garver MJ, Rickard AJ, Miller WM, Burns S, Bergstrom HC. Affective And Perceptual Responses During A 4-week Low- Vs. High-load Resistance Training Intervention. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000762900.16390.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Garver MJ, Gordon AM, Philipp NM, Huml MR, Wakeman AJ. Change-Event Steals "Athlete" from "College Athlete": Perceived Impact and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:1873-1882. [PMID: 34285505 PMCID: PMC8286735 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s320243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This research sought to establish the impact of the change-event of COVID-19 on college athletes and members of other campus groups (eg, marching band, eSports, Reserve Officers Training Corps). The specific purpose was to assess the perceived impact and impact on mental health (eg, depression, anxiety, and stress). Methods The survey battery presented a total of 37 items. Demographic, sport or group-specific, and academic-related questions were included alongside the assessment of psychological well-being coming from the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. Results There were 249 participants completing some or all of the survey battery. It is notable that 172 participants (69.1%) indicated “a lot has changed”. Common one-word responses to the experience surrounding this change-event were feeling disappointment, upset, frustrated, sadness, annoyance, and depression. Life events that conjured similar magnitude of emotion included significant injury, surgery, and losing a loved one. There were no differences by sport for the depression subscale, but 110 participants reported elevated scores and females had a higher mean depression subscale score compared with males. Differences between sports for the anxiety subscale were negated when evaluating Bonferroni correction for multiple tests, but 69 participants reported elevated scores and females had a higher mean anxiety subscale score compared with males. There was no difference by sport for the stress subscale, but 77 participants reported elevated scores and females had a higher mean stress subscale score compared with males. Discussion Authors urge the campus and athletics community to be diligent in monitoring the holistic wellness of college athletes and members of other campus groups. Mainly, we contend it is important to consider that COVID-19 is a significant and widespread change-event, and other change-events are known to have significant impact. We should consider that COVID-19 may be acutely and longitudinally impactful to the American college student.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Garver
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Aqualus M Gordon
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Nicolas M Philipp
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Matt R Huml
- School of Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amanda J Wakeman
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
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Philipp NM, Crawford DA, Garver MJ, Davis DW, Hair JN. Interlimb Asymmetry Thresholds that Negatively Affect Change of Direction Performance in Collegiate American Football Players. Int J Exerc Sci 2021; 14:606-612. [PMID: 34055168 PMCID: PMC8136553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Researchers and strength and conditioning practitioners have had an increased interest in the effects of interlimb asymmetries on different aspects of sport performance over the past couple of years. Interlimb asymmetries have been found to negatively affect performance in key performance indicators (KPI) such as jumping, sprinting, and changing directions, within various sports populations. However, there is no consensus about a meaningful threshold at which asymmetries start to negatively affect KPIs or performance. The aim of this study was to investigate a potentially meaningful threshold for three asymmetry metrics (mean peak velocity [mPV], mean peak power [mPP], mean average power [mAP]) that were extracted from the Bulgarian split squat and found to be significantly related to change of direction performance (via L-drill test) within a sample of collegiate American football players. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to identify asymmetry thresholds for all metrics that discriminated between faster and slower performers in the L-drill. Players with asymmetries over 10.65% (mAP), 14.59% (MPP), and 14.96% (mPV) were identified by ROC curves as more likely to be classified as low performers. These findings may be helpful for practitioners interested in screening athletes for interlimb asymmetries that may negatively affect their change of direction performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas M Philipp
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Derek A Crawford
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Matthew J Garver
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Dustin W Davis
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV, USA
| | - Josie N Hair
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
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Philipp NM, Garver MJ, Crawford DA, Davis DW, Hair JN. Interlimb asymmetry in collegiate American football players: Effects on combine-related performance. jhse 2021. [DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2022.173.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Garver MJ, Stone WJ, Wakeman AJ, Hair JN, Davis DW, Grinde DA, Allan SJ, Nehlsen EJ. Somatotype Of Female And Male Field Athletes: Comparing Between Sexes And Among Select Events. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000685024.76610.df] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Davis DW, Garver MJ, Stone WJ, Penumetcha M, Hair JN, Philipp NM. Endothelial Function In Young Adults Reporting Histories Of Chronic Resistance Activity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000685296.23344.e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Stone WJ, Wakeman AJ, Garver MJ, Hair JN, Davis DW, Nehlsen EJ, Grinde DA, Allan SJ. SOMATOTYPING IN COLLEGE TRACK & FIELD ATHLETES: EVALUATING CHANGE ACROSS A COMPETITIVE SEASON. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000685012.15561.ba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Carducci JL, Garver MJ, Stone WJ, Penumetcha M, Davis DW, Hair JN, Philipp NM. Metabolic And Perceived Exertion Outcomes During Maximal Runs At Ends Of The Day. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000686916.68808.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hair JN, Garver MJ, Stone WJ, Wakeman AJ, Davis DW, Grinde DA, Allan SJ, Nehlsen EJ. Somatotyping Male And Female Sprinters And Endurance Sprinters. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000685028.68682.cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Davis DW, Garver MJ, Stone WJ, Penumetcha M, Hair JN, Philipp NM. Endothelial function and arterial stiffness in young adults with histories of chronic resistance activity. jhse 2020. [DOI: 10.14198/jhse.2022.172.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Dinyer TK, Byrd MT, Garver MJ, Rickard AJ, Miller WM, Burns S, Clasey JL, Bergstrom HC. Low-Load vs. High-Load Resistance Training to Failure on One Repetition Maximum Strength and Body Composition in Untrained Women. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:1737-1744. [PMID: 31136545 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dinyer, TK, Byrd, MT, Garver, MJ, Rickard, AJ, Miller, WM, Burns, S, Clasey, JL, and Bergstrom, HC. Low-load vs. high-load resistance training to failure on one repetition maximum strength and body composition in untrained women. J Strength Cond Res 33(7): 1737-1744, 2019-This study examined the effects of resistance training (RT) to failure at low and high loads on one repetition maximum (1RM) strength and body composition (bone- and fat-free mass [BFFM] and percent body fat [%BF]) in untrained women. Twenty-three untrained women (age: 21.2 ± 2.2 years; height: 167.1 ± 5.7 cm; body mass: 62.3 ± 16.2 kg) completed a 12-week RT to failure intervention at a low (30% 1RM) (n = 11) or high (80% 1RM) (n = 12) load. On weeks 1, 5, and 12, subjects completed 1RM testing for 4 different exercises (leg extension [LE], seated military press [SMP], leg curl [LC], and lat pull down [LPD]) and a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan to assess body composition. During weeks 2-4 and 6-7, the subjects completed 2 sets to failure for each exercise. During weeks 8-11, the subjects completed 3 sets to failure for each exercise. The 1RM strength increased from week 1 to week 5 (LE: 18 ± 16%; SMP: 9 ± 11%; LC: 12 ± 22%; LPD: 13 ± 9%), week 1 to week 12 (LE: 32 ± 24%; SMP: 17 ± 14%; LC: 23 ± 26%; LPD: 25 ± 13%), and week 5 to week 12 (LE: 11 ± 9%; SMP: 7 ± 9%; LC: 10 ± 7%; LPD: 11 ± 11%) in each exercise, with no significant differences between groups. There were no significant changes in BFFM (p = 0.241) or %BF (p = 0.740) for either group. Resistance training to failure at 30% 1RM and 80% 1RM resulted in similar increases in 1RM strength, but no change in BFFM or %BF. Untrained women can increase 1RM strength during RT at low and high loads, if repetitions are taken to failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor K Dinyer
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - M Travis Byrd
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Matthew J Garver
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Missouri
| | - Alex J Rickard
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Missouri
| | - William M Miller
- Department of Health, Science, and Recreation Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, Mississippi
| | - Steve Burns
- School of Nutrition, Kinesiology, and Psychological Science, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, Missouri
| | - Jody L Clasey
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Haley C Bergstrom
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Garver MJ, Davis DW, Jennings MA, Dinyer TK, Rickard A, Burns S, Hughes BJ, Burnett DM. Asthma and EIB Testing Among Collegiate Athletes in Indoor Winter Sports. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000561766.27191.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Stone WJ, Wakeman AJ, Younkin BA, Davis DW, Garver MJ, Strohmeyer HS. Should We Stick with Step Counts after Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury? A Case-Control Investigation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000561581.43803.2a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Holmer BJ, Taylor SJ, Scheadler CM, Garver MJ. Post-Meal Walking Vs. Pre-Meal Vinegar Ingestion: Strategies to Reduce Postprandial Hyperglycemia. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563438.85749.3b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wakeman AJ, Stone WJ, Younkin BA, Davis DW, Garver MJ, Strohmeyer HS. Case-Control Investigation Of Speed And Gait After An Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000562595.73889.d4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Davis DW, Carducci JL, Garver MJ, Stone WJ, Penumetcha M, Philipp NM, Hair JH, Elledge JR, Williams HR, Oliphant MT, Hopkins ZS. Ability to Predict Impending Volitional Exhaustion Based on Aerobic Capacity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563340.80460.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Davis DW, Garver MJ, Jennings MA, Hughes BJ, Burns S, Dinyer TK, Rickard A, Colf JL, Wilson LA, Carducci JL, Blazer AL. Comparison of Overall and Segmental Body Composition in Collegiate Track Athletes Using BIA and DXA. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000535637.63880.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Martinez MF, Garver MJ. Knowledge and Perceived Physician Encouragement Toward Exercise in Congenital Heart Disease Patients and Their Sphere. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000536248.20785.7e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Garver MJ, Jennings MA, Davis DW, Hughes BJ, Burns S, Dinyer TK, Rickard A, Colf JL, Carducci JL, Blazer AL, Wilson LA, Burnett DM. Pulmonary Testing and Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Collegiate Baseball Players. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000538749.27444.bd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Garver MJ, Scheadler CM, Smith LM, Taylor SJ, Harbach CM. Simulated Altitude via Re-Breathing Creates Arterial Hypoxemia but Fails to Improve Elements of Running Performance. Int J Exerc Sci 2018; 11:187-197. [PMID: 29795741 PMCID: PMC5955285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Acclimatization to altitude has been shown to improve elements of performance. Use of simulated altitude is popular among athletes across the sports spectrum. This work was on a handheld, re-breathing device touted to enhance performance. Seven recreationally-trained athletes used the device for 18 hours over the course of the 37-day intervention trial. The elevations simulated were progressively increased from 1,524m to 6,096m. To ascertain potential efficacy, four performance trials were included (familiarization, baseline, and 2 follow-ups). Hematological (hematocrit, hemoglobin, and lactate), physiological (respiratory exchange ratio, heart rate, and oxygen consumption), and perceptual (Borg's RPE) variables were monitored at rest, during two steady state running economy stages, and at maximal effort during each visit. The device is clearly capable of creating arterial hypoxemic conditions equating to high altitude. This fact is exemplified by average pulse oximetry values of approximately 78.5% in the final 6-day block of simulation. At the same time, there were no changes observed in any hematological (p>0.05), physiological (p>0.05), or perceptual (p>0.05) variable at either follow-up performance trial. Relative VO2 data was analyzed with a 15-breath moving average sampling frequency in accordance with our recent findings (Scheadler et al.) reported in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. Effect sizes are reported within, but most were trivial (d=0.0-0.19). Overall, findings align with speculation that a more robust altitude stimulus than can be offered by short-term arterial hypoxemia is required for changes to be evidenced. The device has shown some promise in other work, but our data is not supportive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Garver
- Department of Nutrition and Kinesiology, University of Central Missouri, Warrensburg, MO, USA
| | - Cory M Scheadler
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Northern Kentucky University, Highland Heights, KY, USA
| | - Logan M Smith
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Sarah J Taylor
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Chase M Harbach
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX, USA
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Cotter JA, Garver MJ, Dinyer TK, Fairman CM, Focht BC. Ratings of Perceived Exertion During Acute Resistance Exercise Performed at Imposed and Self-Selected Loads in Recreationally Trained Women. J Strength Cond Res 2017; 31:2313-2318. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Garver MJ, Burns S, Hughes BJ, Glover D, Dinyer TK, Rickard A, Jennings MA, Wilson LA, Lewis T, Miller W, Brown RK, Burnett DM, Godard MP. Asthma, Undiagnosed Asthma, And Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction In Collegiate Men’s Basketball. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519868.51877.9b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Focht BC, Garver MJ, Lucas AR, Devor ST, Emery CF, Hackshaw KV, Fairman CM, Bowman J, Rejeski WJ. A group-mediated physical activity intervention in older knee osteoarthritis patients: effects on social cognitive outcomes. J Behav Med 2017; 40:530-537. [PMID: 28108936 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-017-9822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to compare a group-mediated cognitive behavioral (GMCB) physical activity intervention with traditional exercise therapy (TRAD) upon select social cognitive outcomes in sedentary knee osteoarthritis (knee OA) patients. A total of 80 patients (mean age = 63.5 years; 84% women) were recruited using clinic and community-based strategies to a 12-month, single-blind, two-arm, randomized controlled trial. Mobility-related self-efficacy, self-regulatory self-efficacy (SRSE), and satisfaction with physical function (SPF) were assessed at baseline, 3, and 12 months. Results of intent-to-treat 2 (Treatment: GMCB and TRAD) × 2 (Time: 3 and 12 month) analyses of covariance yielded significantly greater increases in SRSE and SPF (P < 0.01) relative to TRAD. Partial correlations revealed that changes in SRSE and SPF were significantly related (P < 0.05) to improvements in physical activity and mobility at 3 and 12-months. The GMCB intervention yielded more favorable effects on important social cognitive outcomes than TRAD; these effects were related to improvements in physical activity and mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Focht
- Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie and John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
| | | | | | - Steven T Devor
- Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie and John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Charles F Emery
- Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie and John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Kevin V Hackshaw
- Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie and John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ciaran M Fairman
- Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie and John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jessica Bowman
- Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, 305 Annie and John Glenn Ave, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
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Focht BC, Garver MJ, Cotter JA, Devor ST, Lucas AR, Fairman CM. Affective Responses to Acute Resistance Exercise Performed at Self-Selected and Imposed Loads in Trained Women. J Strength Cond Res 2015; 29:3067-74. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000000985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
As the lifetime risk, societal cost, and overall functional impact of osteoarthritis (OA) is imposing, it is imperative that clinicians provide an individualized care model for patients. Patients must be offered a multiplicity of care strategies and encouraged to embrace lifestyle approaches for self-managing the effects and symptoms of OA. Certainly, the attitude of the clinician and patient will directly influence receptivity and implementation of lifestyle approaches. This work proposes how the use of structured and routine assessments and cognitive therapy ideologies may complement a comprehensive treatment plan. Assessments described herein include objective and/or self-report measures of physical function, pain, attitude about social support, and sleep quality. Baseline assessments followed by systematic monitoring of the results may give patients and clinicians valuable insight into the effectiveness of the care plan. Empirical evidence from randomized trials with OA patients highlights the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral change strategies for addressing salient concerns for OA (pain control, mobility performance, and sleep quality). Cognitive restructuring can provide patients with renewed power in managing their disease. Cognitive therapy topics discussed presently include: 1) what is OA?, 2) effectiveness of exercise and FITT (frequency, intensity, time, and type) principles for OA patients, 3) goal-setting and barriers, and 4) translating to independent care. Woven within the discussion about cognitive therapy are ideas about how the results from baseline assessments and group-mediated dynamics might assist more favorable outcomes. There are a plethora of assessments and cognitive therapy topics that could be utilized in the care strategy that we are promoting, but the present topics were selected for their low clinician and patient burden and promising results in trials with OA patients. Clinicians who are comfortable and knowledgeable about a wider range of management tools may serve more effectively in the critical, central management process and help patients embrace personal care more successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Garver
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, TX, USA
| | - Brian C Focht
- Department of Human Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sarah J Taylor
- School of Occupational Therapy, Texas Woman's University, Dallas, TX, USA
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Focht BC, Garver MJ, Lucas AR, Devor ST, Hackshaw KV, Dials J, Emery CF, Rejeski WJ. Self-Regulatory Self-Efficacy Mediates 3 Month Change in Physical Activity in Sedentary Knee Osteoarthritis Patients. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000477516.83264.d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Focht BC, Garver MJ, Devor ST, Dials J, Lucas AR, Emery CF, Hackshaw KV, Rejeski WJ. Group-mediated physical activity promotion and mobility in sedentary patients with knee osteoarthritis: results from the IMPACT-pilot trial. J Rheumatol 2014; 41:2068-77. [PMID: 25179854 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.140054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of a group-mediated cognitive behavioral exercise intervention (GMCB) with traditional center-based exercise therapy (TRAD) on objectively assessed levels of physical activity (PA) and mobility in sedentary patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS The Improving Maintenance of Physical Activity in Knee Osteoarthritis Trial-Pilot (IMPACT-P) was a 12-month, 2-arm, single-blind, randomized controlled pilot study designed to compare the effects of GMCB and TRAD on 80 sedentary patients with knee OA with self-reported difficulty in daily activities [mean age 63.5 yrs, 84% women, mean body mass index (BMI) 32.7 kg/m(2)]. Objective assessments of PA (LIFECORDER Plus Accelerometer) and mobility (400-m walk) were obtained at baseline, 3 months, and 12 months by study personnel blinded to participants' treatment assignment. RESULTS Intent to treat 2 (treatment: GMCB and TRAD) × 2 (time: 3 mos and 12 mos) analyses of covariance of controlling for baseline, age, sex, and BMI-adjusted change in the outcomes demonstrated that the GMCB intervention yielded significantly greater increases in PA (p < 0.01) and a nonsignificant yet more favorable improvement in mobility (p = 0.09) relative to TRAD. Partial correlation analyses also revealed that change in PA was significantly correlated with the 400-m walk performance at 3-month (r = -0.51, p < 0.01) and 12-month (r = -0.40, p < 0.01) followup assessments. CONCLUSION Findings from the IMPACT-P trial suggest that the GMCB treatment resulted in significantly greater improvement in PA and nonsignificant yet more favorable change in mobility relative to TRAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Focht
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University.
| | - Matthew J Garver
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University
| | - Steven T Devor
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University
| | - Justin Dials
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University
| | - Alexander R Lucas
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University
| | - Charles F Emery
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University
| | - Kevin V Hackshaw
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University
| | - W Jack Rejeski
- The Ohio State University, Columbus; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas; Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.B.C. Focht, PhD, FACSM, CSCS; S.T. Devor, PhD; A.R. Lucas, MS, Kinesiology, Department of Human Sciences; C.F. Emery, PhD, Psychology; K.V. Hackshaw, MD, Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University; M.J. Garver, PhD, Kinesiology, Nutrition, Abilene Christian University; J. Dials, PhD, Exercise Science, Capital University; W.J. Rejeski, PhD, Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University
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Garver MJ, McCurley LE, Bell JD. Discrepancy in Auscultation and Oscillometric Determination of Blood Pressure Based on Visual Display of Pressure. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000496011.17497.a2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sterling NA, Garver MJ, Bell JD. Avoiding White Coat Hypertension. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000495753.07128.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Focht BC, Clinton SK, Devor ST, Garver MJ, Lucas AR, Thomas-Ahner JM, Grainger E. Resistance exercise interventions during and following cancer treatment: a systematic review. J Support Oncol 2013; 11:45-60. [PMID: 23967493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Findings from prior systematic reviews suggest that exercise results in meaningful improvements in many clinically relevant physiologic and quality of life (QOL) outcomes during and following cancer treatment. However, the majority of exercise-cancer studies have focused upon the benefits of aerobic exercise (AE) and knowledge of the efficacy of resistance exercise (RE) alone as a supportive care intervention for cancer patients and survivors remains limited. Consequently, the purpose of this review was to provide the first systematic evaluation of the effects of RE alone upon clinically relevant physiologic and QOL outcomes during and following cancer treatment. Literature searches were conducted to identify studies examining RE interventions in cancer patients and survivors. Data were extracted on physiologic (fitness, physical function, and body composition) and QOL (fatigue, psychological well-being, and cancer-specific and global QOL outcomes. Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated for each outcome. A total of 15 studies (6 in samples undergoing active cancer treatment and 9 in samples having completed cancer treatment) involving 1,077 participants met the inclusion criteria. Findings revealed that, on average, RE resulted in large effect-size improvements in muscular strength (d = 0.86), moderate effect-size improvements in physical function (d = 0.66), and small effect-size improvements in body composition (d = 0.28) and QOL (d = 0.25) outcomes. The effect sizes observed following RE are comparable in magnitude to the effects of exercise interventions reported in prior comprehensive reviews of the exercise-cancer literature which primarily focused upon AE. Additionally, the methodologic quality of the studies was generally strong. Taken collectively, results of this systematic review suggest that RE is a promising supportive care intervention that results in meaningful improvements in clinically relevant physiologic and QOL outcomes during and following cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Focht
- Exercise and Behavioral Medicine Laboratory, Kinesiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Focht BC, Garver MJ, Devor ST, Dials J, Rose M, Lucas AR, Emery CF, Hackshaw K, Rejeski WJ. Improving maintenance of physical activity in older, knee osteoarthritis patients trial-pilot (IMPACT-P): design and methods. Contemp Clin Trials 2012; 33:976-82. [PMID: 22575796 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2012.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2012] [Revised: 04/20/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Promoting increased physical activity participation is now consistently advocated in the medical management of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Unfortunately, physical activity interventions targeting older knee OA patients are plagued by high attrition rates and poor long-term adherence. Consequently, identifying effective approaches for promoting maintenance of physical activity participation is integral for the successful behavioral management of knee OA. The present study, the Improving Maintenance of Physical Activity in Knee Osteoarthritis Pilot Trial (IMPACT-P), was a single-blind two-arm, randomized controlled pilot study designed to contrast the effects of a group-mediated cognitive behavioral (GMCB) exercise intervention with those of traditional center-based exercise therapy approach (TRAD) in older, knee OA patients. A total of 80 older adults with symptomatic knee OA were randomly assigned to GMCB or TRAD interventions. The primary outcome of the IMPACT-P study was changed in self-reported (CHAMPS questionnaire) and objectively assessed (LIFECORDER EX Plus) physical activity participation of moderate intensity or greater. Secondary outcomes include physical function, quality of life, and social cognitive variables. Outcomes were obtained at baseline, 3 month, and 12 month assessments by trial personnel blinded to participants' randomization assignment. Discussion. Determining the comparable efficacy of the GMCB and TRAD exercise interventions in producing meaningful improvements in physical activity and OA outcomes could enhance the efficacy of implementing physical activity participation in the behavioral management of symptomatic knee OA.
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Garver MJ, Focht BC, Devor ST, Dials J, Emery C, Hackshaw K. Functional Performance, Mobility-Related Self-efficacy, and Physical Activity In Older, Overweight and Obese Knee Osteoarthritis Patients. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000400885.91650.89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Focht BC, Garver MJ, Devor ST, Dials J, Rose M, Emery C, Hackshaw K. Short-Term Changes In Pedometer-Determined Physical Activity In Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: Evidence From The IMPACT-P Trial. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402900.22556.9e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Saunders NW, Garver MJ, Jamison ST, Scheadler CM, Chaudhari AM, Devor ST. Postural Control in Figure Skaters Following a Neuromuscular Training Intervention. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402588.59369.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Scheadler CM, Saunders NW, Garver MJ, Chaudhari AM, Devor ST. Sampling Rates Influence Interpretation of Data from Force Plate Center of Pressure Measures of Postural Control. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402580.27089.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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DiGeronimo MK, Scheadler CM, Garver MJ, Saunders NW, Rose MT, Devor ST. Energy Cost and Stroke Parameter Changes during Long Distance Swimming in Ironman Triathletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2011. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000402990.51734.dd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Scheadler CM, Garver MJ, DiGeronimo MK, Huber CM, Kirby TE, Devor ST. Glycerol Hyperhydration and Endurance Running Performance in the Heat. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000384639.22115.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Focht BC, Garver MJ, Cotter JA, Devor ST. Affective Responses To Resistance Exercise Performed At Self-selected And Imposed Loads In Trained Women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000385199.64419.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Garver MJ, Hovey G, Nielsen L, Dickinson J, Melvin N, Schaefer T, Gee D, Nethery V, Papadopoulos C. Effect of Glycerol Hyperhydration on Running Performance in the Heat. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2007. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000274227.72400.a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Matern PD, Dickinson JM, Garver MJ, Nethery V, Roberts S. Light Exercise Does Not Ameliorate DOMS Symptoms Beyond that Achieved by Rest. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Garver MJ, Nielsen LJ, Dickinson JM, Campbell DS, Papadopoulos C, Brandon LJ. Effect of Storage Techniques on Blood Lactate Concentration and Determination of Various Lactate Threshold Definitions. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-03022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nielsen L, Garver MJ, Dickinson JM, Campbell DS, Papadopoulos C, Brandon LJ. Physiological and Metabolic Responses during Two Self-Selected Cycling Time Trials. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2006. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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