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Martin SL, Cardel MI, Carson TL, Hill JO, Stanley T, Grinspoon S, Steger F, Blackman Carr LT, Ashby-Thompson M, Stewart D, Ard J, Stanford FC. Increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion in the fields of nutrition and obesity: A road map to equity in academia. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1240-1254. [PMID: 36896568 PMCID: PMC10191885 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Research shows that a diverse faculty improves academic, clinical, and research outcomes in higher education. Despite that, persons in minority groups, usually categorized by race or ethnicity, are underrepresented in academia (URiA). The Nutrition Obesity Research Centers (NORCs), supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, hosted workshops on five separate days in September and October 2020. NORCs convened these workshops to identify barriers and facilitators for diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) and provide specific recommendations to improve DEI within obesity and nutrition for individuals from URiA groups. Recognized experts on DEI presented each day, after which the NORCs conducted breakout sessions with key stakeholders who engage in nutrition and obesity research. The breakout session groups included early-career investigators, professional societies, and academic leadership. The consensus from the breakout sessions was that glaring inequities affect URiA in nutrition and obesity, particularly related to recruitment, retention, and advancement. Recommendations from the breakout sessions to improve DEI across academia focused on six themes: (1) recruitment, (2) retention, (3) advancement, (4) intersectionality of multiple challenges (e.g., being Black and a woman), (5) funding agencies, and (6) implementation of strategies to address problems related to DEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Martin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
- Center for Women’s Reproductive Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL
| | - Michelle I. Cardel
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, University of Florida
- WW International, Inc., New York, NY
| | - Tiffany L. Carson
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL
| | - James O. Hill
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - Takara Stanley
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard School, Boston, MA
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard (NORCH), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Steven Grinspoon
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard School, Boston, MA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard (NORCH), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem
| | - Felicia Steger
- Department of Nutrition, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham AL
| | - Loneke T. Blackman Carr
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture, Health and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | | | - Delisha Stewart
- Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Nutrition Research Institute, Kannapolis NC
| | - Jamy Ard
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem NC
| | | | - Fatima Cody Stanford
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard (NORCH), Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Winston Salem
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Martin SL, Cardel MI, Carson TL, Hill JO, Stanley T, Grinspoon S, Steger F, Blackman Carr LT, Ashby-Thompson M, Stewart D, Ard J, Stanford FC. Increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion in the fields of nutrition and obesity: A roadmap to equity in academia. Am J Clin Nutr 2023; 117:659-671. [PMID: 36907515 PMCID: PMC10273076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Research shows that a diverse faculty improves academic, clinical, and research outcomes in higher education. Despite that, persons in minority groups, usually categorized by race or ethnicity, are underrepresented in academia (URiA). The Nutrition Obesity Research Centers (NORCs), supported by the NIDDK, hosted workshops on five separate days in September and October 2020. NORCs convened these workshops to identify barriers and facilitators for diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) and provide specific recommendations to improve DEI within obesity and nutrition for individuals from URiA groups. Recognized experts on DEI presented each day, after which the NORCs conducted breakout sessions with key stakeholders who engage in nutrition and obesity research. The breakout session groups included early-career investigators, professional societies, and academic leadership. The consensus from the breakout sessions was that glaring inequities affect URiA in nutrition and obesity, particularly related to recruitment, retention, and advancement. Recommendations from the breakout sessions to improve DEI across the academe focused on six themes: (1) recruitment, (2) retention, (3) advancement, (4) intersectionality of multiple challenges (e.g., being Black and a woman), (5) funding agencies, and (6) implementation of strategies to address problems related to DEI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L Martin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Center for Women's Reproductive Health University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
| | - Michelle I Cardel
- Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, USA; Center for Integrative Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA; WW International, Inc. New York, New York, USA
| | - Tiffany L Carson
- Department of Health Outcomes and Behavior Moffitt Cancer Center Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - James O Hill
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Takara Stanley
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard School Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Pediatric Endocrinology Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard (NORCH) Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven Grinspoon
- Department of Medicine, Metabolism Unit Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard School Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard (NORCH) Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston-Salem, North Carolina USA
| | - Felicia Steger
- Department of Nutrition University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Loneke T Blackman Carr
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture, Health and Natural Resources University of Connecticut Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Maxine Ashby-Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics Columbia University, New York Obesity Research Center New York, New York, USA
| | - Delisha Stewart
- Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Nutrition Research Institute Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jamy Ard
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention Wake Forest University Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
| | - Fatima Cody Stanford
- Pediatric Endocrinology Massachusetts General Hospital, and Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard (NORCH) Harvard Medical School Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center Winston-Salem, North Carolina USA
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Feng J, Divjan A, Acosta L, Rundle A, Ashby-Thompson M, Thompson J, Perzanowski M. Report of Indoor Mold Exposure and Rhinitis in Preschool Children Attending Head Start Centers in New York City. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.12.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ashby-Thompson M, Heshka S, Rizkalla B, Zurlo R, Lemos T, Janumala I, Goodpaster B, DeLany J, Courcoulas A, Strain G, Pomp A, Kang P, Lin S, Thornton J, Gallagher D. Validity of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for estimation of visceral adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue change after surgery-induced weight loss in women with severe obesity. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2022; 30:1057-1065. [PMID: 35384351 PMCID: PMC10001428 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reliable and simple methods to quantify visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and VAT changes are needed. This study investigated the validity of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for estimating VAT cross sectionally and longitudinally after surgery-induced weight loss in women with severe obesity. METHODS Women with obesity (n = 36; mean age 43 [SD 10] years; 89% White) with DXA and MRI before bariatric surgery (T0) at 12 (T12) and 24 months (T24) post surgery were included. CoreScan (GE Healthcare, Chicago, Illinois) estimated VAT from 20% of the distance between the top of the iliac crest and the base of the skull. MRI VAT (total VAT) was measured from the base of the heart to the sacrum/coccyx on a whole-body scan. RESULTS Mean DXA VAT was 45% of MRI VAT at T0, 46% at T12, and 68% at T24. DXA underestimated change in MRI VAT between T0 and T12 by 26.1% (0.81 kg, p = 0.03) and by 71.7% (0.43 kg, p < 0.001) between T12 and T24. The relationship between DXA VAT and MRI VAT differed between T12 and T24 (p value for interaction = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS CoreScan lacks validity for comparing VAT across individuals or for estimating the size of changes within individuals; however, within the limits of measurement error, it may provide a useful indicator of whether some VAT change has occurred within an individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Ashby-Thompson
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Deparent of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stanley Heshka
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bridgette Rizkalla
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Dept. of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rosalie Zurlo
- Division of Endocrinology, Dept. of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Thaisa Lemos
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Isaiah Janumala
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bret Goodpaster
- AdventHealth Orlando, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - James DeLany
- AdventHealth Orlando, Translational Research Institute, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Anita Courcoulas
- Deparent of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Gladys Strain
- Division of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alfons Pomp
- Deparent of Surgery, University of Montréal, Montréal Quebec, Canada
| | - Patrick Kang
- New York Radiology Partners, New York, New York, USA
| | - Susan Lin
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Family and Community Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - John Thornton
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dympna Gallagher
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Dept. of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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Ashby-Thompson M, Goldstein I, Contento I, Wolf R, Jacobson J. Diet Quality of Mothers of Children in NYC Head Start Is Not Associated With Child Adiposity. Curr Dev Nutr 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/cdn/nzab046_007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
To assess whether maternal diet quality, measured when child was between ages 3 and 5, is associated with child overweight/obesity at ages 3 to 5.
Methods
Baseline data from the Endotoxin Obesity and Asthma longitudinal study were used for these analyses. 380 African American and Hispanic mothers of children attending NYC Head Start answered a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) about their own intake and a demographic questionnaire about themselves and child. FFQ data were converted to Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015 total scores (higher scores suggest better diet quality). Anthropometric measurements (weight, height, skinfolds, and waist circumference) were obtained from children. BMI, triceps and subscapular z-scores, and weight-to-height ratio (WHtR) were calculated.
Results
Mean HEI total score at baseline was 64.3 ± 8.7 of 100 (considered a “D” grade or poor diet quality), but 69.8 ± 8.6 for Dominican and 60.2 ± 6.5 for Mexican mothers. Children were 50% female, 25% Mexican, 18% Dominican, 19% African American, 15% Puerto Rican and 23% Other. Mean age was 49 months. 52% of children fell below the 85th percentile for BMI, 20% between 85th and 95th, and 28% above the 95th percentile. Mother's HEI-2015 total score was not associated with child's BMI z-score (p = 0.830), child's triceps z-score (p = 0.77), child's subscapular z-score (p = 0.29), or child's WHtR (p = 0.83). More weight loss attempts by the mother (p = 0.03) and child's birthplace in (vs. outside) the United States (p = 0.01) were associated with higher BMI z-scores. Mexican ethnicity was associated with greater triceps z-scores (p = 0.03). Child's age was positively associated with subscapular z-score (p = 0.02). Child's age (p < 0.001) and Mexican ethnicity (p < 0.001) were associated with greater WHtR.
Conclusions
Maternal diet quality was not associated with child adiposity; however, mother's weight loss attempts, child's age and being born in the US, and a child being identified as Mexican were related did. A novel maternal characteristic, number of weight loss attempts, and several child characteristics suggest targets for intervention.
Funding Sources
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
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Phelan S, Marquez F, Redman LM, Arteaga S, Clifton R, Grice BA, Haire-Joshu D, Martin CK, Myers CA, Pomeroy J, Vincent E, Van Horn L, Peaceman A, Ashby-Thompson M, Gallagher D, Pi-Sunyer X, Boekhoudt T, Drews K, Brown G. The moderating role of the built environment in prenatal lifestyle interventions. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1357-1361. [PMID: 33637948 PMCID: PMC8164971 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00782-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined whether the neighborhood built environment moderated gestational weight gain (GWG) in LIFE-Moms clinical trials. Participants were 790 pregnant women (13.9 weeks' gestation) with overweight or obesity randomized within four clinical centers to standard care or lifestyle intervention to reduce GWG. Geographic information system (GIS) was used to map the neighborhood built environment. The intervention relative to standard care significantly reduced GWG (coefficient = 0.05; p = 0.005) and this effect remained significant (p < 0.03) after adjusting for built environment variables. An interaction was observed for presence of fast food restaurants (coefficient = -0.007; p = 0.003). Post hoc tests based on a median split showed that the intervention relative to standard care reduced GWG in participants living in neighborhoods with lower fast food density 0.08 [95% CI, 0.03,0.12] kg/week (p = 0.001) but not in those living in areas with higher fast food density (0.02 [-0.04, 0.08] kg/week; p = 0.55). Interaction effects suggested less intervention efficacy among women living in neighborhoods with more grocery/convenience stores (coefficient = -0.005; p = 0.0001), more walkability (coefficient -0.012; p = 0.007) and less crime (coefficient = 0.001; p = 0.007), but post-hoc tests were not significant. No intervention x environment interaction effects were observed for total number of eating establishments or tree canopy. Lifestyle interventions during pregnancy were effective across diverse physical environments. Living in environments with easy access to fast food restaurants may limit efficacy of prenatal lifestyle interventions, but future research is needed to replicate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Phelan
- Department of Kinesiology & Public Health and Center for Health Research, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA.
| | - Fred Marquez
- Department of Anthropology & Geography and Center for Health Research, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | | | - Sonia Arteaga
- The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca Clifton
- The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brian A Grice
- Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Debra Haire-Joshu
- Center for Diabetes Translation Research, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | | | - Jeremy Pomeroy
- Clinical Research Center, Marshfield Clinic Research Institute, Marshfield Clinic Health System, Marshfield, WI, USA
| | - Eileen Vincent
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Linda Van Horn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alan Peaceman
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maxine Ashby-Thompson
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dympna Gallagher
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xavier Pi-Sunyer
- New York Nutrition Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Trisha Boekhoudt
- The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kimberly Drews
- The Biostatistics Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Greg Brown
- Department of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences, Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
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Ashby-Thompson M, Ji Y, Wang J, Yu W, Thornton JC, Wolper C, Weil R, Chambers EC, Laferrère B, Pi-Sunyer FX, Gallagher D. High-Resolution Three-Dimensional Photonic Scan-Derived Equations Improve Body Surface Area Prediction in Diverse Populations. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2020; 28:706-717. [PMID: 32100449 PMCID: PMC7375836 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Equations for predicting body surface area (BSA) produce flawed estimates, especially for individuals with obesity. This study aimed to compare BSA measured by a three-dimensional photonic scanner (3DPS) with BSA predicted by six commonly cited prediction equations and to develop new prediction equations if warranted. METHODS The 3DPS was validated against manual measurements by breadth caliper for body thicknesses measured at three anatomical sites on a mannequin. BSA was derived from 3DPS whole-body scans of 67 males and 201 females, aged 18 to 83 years, with BMI between 17.8 and 77.8 kg/m2 and varied races/ethnicities. RESULTS Width and depth measurements by 3DPS and caliper were within 1%, except for hip, with an error of 1.8%. BSA3DPS differed from BSA predicted by each equation (P < 0.05), except for males by DuBois and DuBois (P = 0.60), Tikuisis (P = 0.27), and Yu (P = 0.45) and for females by Tikuisis (P = 0.70). The combined and sex-specific equations obtained by regressing ln(BSA) on ln(weight in kilograms [W]) and ln(height in meters [H]) are as follows (R2 and SEE correspond to ln[BSA]): combined, BSA3DPS = 0.03216 × W0.4904 × H0.3769 , R2 = 0.982, SEE = 0.021; males, BSA3DPS = 0.01624 × W0.4725 × H0.5231 ; and females, BSA3DPS = 0.01522 × W0.4921 × H0.5231 , R2 = 0.986, SEE = 0.019. CONCLUSIONS New height and weight BSA equations improve BSA estimation in individuals with BMI ≥ 40 and in African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Asian Americans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxine Ashby-Thompson
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ying Ji
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jack Wang
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Wen Yu
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Carla Wolper
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Richard Weil
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Disease, Mount Sinai Health System, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Earle C Chambers
- Department of Family and Social Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Blandine Laferrère
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - F Xavier Pi-Sunyer
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dympna Gallagher
- New York Obesity Research Center, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
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Hagobian T, Phelan S, Schaffner A, Brannen A, McHugh A, Ashby-Thompson M, Gorin A, Pi-Sunyer X, Gallagher D, Wing R. Ripple Effect Of Lifestyle Interventions During Pregnancy On Untreated Partners’ Weight. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000563069.16382.ce] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Hagobian TA, Phelan S, Schaffner A, Brannen A, McHugh A, Ashby-Thompson M, Gorin AA, Pi-Sunyer X, Gallagher D, Wing R. Ripple Effect of Lifestyle Interventions During Pregnancy on Untreated Partners' Weight. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:733-739. [PMID: 30957985 PMCID: PMC6478509 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Weight-loss interventions have a positive "ripple effect" on untreated partners' weight, but ripple effects in pregnancy are unknown. The objective of this study was to determine whether prenatal lifestyle interventions that reduce gestational weight gain in pregnant women have a positive ripple effect on untreated partners' weight. METHODS Two clinical trials with the same outcome measures randomly assigned pregnant women to a lifestyle intervention or usual care. Untreated partners were randomly assigned according to their pregnant partner's group allocation and were assessed at study entry (~13 weeks' gestation), 35 weeks' gestation, and 6 and 12 months after delivery. RESULTS A total of 122 partners (100% male, 23% Hispanic, 82% married, and 48% with obesity) were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 59) or usual care (n = 63). There was no intervention or intervention-by-time interaction effect on partner weight (P = 0.795). Partner weight changes were not statistically significant (P = 0.120) from study entry to 35 weeks' gestation (mean 0.19 kg; 95% CI: -0.73 to 1.24) or to 12 months after delivery (mean 0.82 kg; 95% CI: -0.26 to 1.91). CONCLUSIONS There was no evidence of a ripple effect on partner weight. In a self-selected sample, partners of pregnant women appeared not to experience sympathy weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd A Hagobian
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
| | - Suzanne Phelan
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
| | - Andrew Schaffner
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
- Department of Statistics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
| | - Anna Brannen
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
- Center for Health Research, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA
| | - Angelica McHugh
- Department of Psychiatry, The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Maxine Ashby-Thompson
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy A Gorin
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention and Policy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xavier Pi-Sunyer
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dympna Gallagher
- Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rena Wing
- Department of Psychiatry, The Miriam Hospital, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Grann V, Ashby-Thompson M. Role of genetic testing for screening and prevention for ovarian cancer: comment on "Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy and ovarian cancer screening in 1077 women after BRCA testing". JAMA Intern Med 2013; 173:103-4. [PMID: 23247884 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.2729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Victor Grann
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, 722W168th St, Room 734, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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Sanchez M, Ashby-Thompson M, Jacobson JS, Hepburn P, Grann VE. Abstract A16: Promoting colorectal cancer screening in urban, minority populations with community health workers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.disp12-a16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Screening prevents not only mortality but also the occurrence of CRC. Our group reaches out to and educates members of our predominantly low-income Hispanic and African American community about cancer treatment, research, and prevention by establishing partnerships with community-based organizations (CBOs) and training community health workers (CHWs). In 2010, we learned that relatively few CBO clients had been screened or intended to be screened for CRC, and that the CHWs also were not well informed about CRC.
Methods: We developed an enhanced training program about CRC for CHWs and their clients. We renewed two of our CBO partnerships, added one more, retrained some previously trained CHWs, and recruited and trained CHWs from the new CBO. We developed a new pre- and post-training 10-question instrument to evaluate what the CHWs already knew and what they learned from our training. We compared the CHWs' average scores (proportions of correct answers) before and after the training. Further training was conducted to reinforce CHWs' knowledge. Using focus groups and community-based participatory research methods with the CHWs, we then developed two educational interventions that the CHWs will implement in the coming months.
Results: Fifteen CHWs were trained or retrained. Most of the participating CHWs had previously received our training. All of them answered at least 6 of the 10 questions correctly both before and after the training, but average scores improved from 75% correct before the training to 82% correct afterwards.
Next steps: Each CHW will educate 20 clients (n=300) aged 50+ years about CRC screening and attempt to schedule them for screening. In the two intervention groups, we will compare proportions of clients who receive CRC screening. Results will be disseminated to the community in our quarterly community newsletter, a report to the CBOs, and a press release to the local media.
Citation Format: Martha Sanchez, Maxine Ashby-Thompson, Judith S. Jacobson, Patricia Hepburn, Victor E. Grann. Promoting colorectal cancer screening in urban, minority populations with community health workers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Fifth AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2012 Oct 27-30; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012;21(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A16.
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Grann VR, Patel PR, Jacobson JS, Warner E, Heitjan DF, Ashby-Thompson M, Hershman DL, Neugut AI. Comparative effectiveness of screening, surgery, and chemoprevention among BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. J Clin Oncol 2010. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2010.28.15_suppl.6011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Rotsides DZ, Goldstein IF, Canfield SM, Perzanowski M, Mellins RB, Hoepner L, Ashby-Thompson M, Jacobson JS. Asthma, allergy, and IgE levels in NYC head start children. Respir Med 2009; 104:345-55. [PMID: 19913396 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2009.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2009] [Revised: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Among preschool-age children in New York City neighborhoods with high asthma hospitalization rates, we analyzed the associations of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE to common indoor allergens, and allergy symptoms with asthma. METHODS Parents of children in New York City Head Start programs were asked to complete a questionnaire covering demographic factors, health history (including respiratory conditions), lifestyle, and home environment. Children's serum samples were analyzed for total IgE and specific IgE antibodies to cockroach, dust mite, mouse, and cat allergens by immunoassay. Logistic regression was used to model the association between asthma and IgE, controlling for age, gender, ethnicity/national origin, BMI, parental asthma, smokers in the household, and allergy symptoms (e.g., runny nose, rash). RESULTS Among 453 participating children (mean age 4.0+/-0.5 years), 150 (33%) met our criteria for asthma. In our multivariable logistic regression models, children with asthma were more likely than other children to be sensitized to each allergen, to be sensitized to any of the four allergens (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.0-2.6), or to be in the highest quartile of total IgE (OR=3.1, 95% CI 1.5-6.4). Allergy symptoms based on questionnaire responses were independently associated with asthma (OR=3.7, 95% CI 2.3-5.9). CONCLUSIONS Among preschool-aged urban children, asthma was associated with total IgE and sensitization to cat, mouse, cockroach, and dust mite allergens. However, allergy symptoms were more prevalent and more strongly associated with asthma than was any allergen-specific IgE; such symptoms may precede elevated specific IgE or represent a different pathway to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetra Z Rotsides
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, NY 10032, New York, United States
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Rundle A, Goldstein IF, Mellins RB, Ashby-Thompson M, Hoepner L, Jacobson JS. Physical Activity and Asthma Symptoms among New York City Head Start Children. J Asthma 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/02770900903114564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rundle A, Goldstein IF, Mellins RB, Ashby-Thompson M, Hoepner L, Jacobson JS. Physical activity and asthma symptoms among New York City Head Start Children. J Asthma 2009; 46:803-809. [PMID: 19863284 PMCID: PMC3144487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The coincidence of both an obesity epidemic and an asthma epidemic among children in the United States has suggested that childhood overweight and sedentary lifestyles may be risk factors for asthma development. We therefore conducted a study of those factors among children enrolled in Head Start Centers located in areas of New York City with high asthma hospitalization rates. Data were gathered from 547 children through an intensive home visit, and physical activity was measured on 463 children using the Actiwatch accelerometer. Data on allergy and asthma symptoms and demographic variables were obtained from parents' responses to a questionnaire and complete data were available from 433 children. Overall physical activity was highest in warmer months, among boys, among children whose mothers did not work or attend school, and among children of mothers born in the United States. Activity was also positively associated with the number of rooms in the home. The season in which the activity data were collected modified many of the associations between demographic predictor variables and activity levels. Nearly half the children were above the range considered healthy weight. In cross-sectional analyses, before and after control for demographic correlates of physical activity, asthma symptoms were not associated with physical activity in this age group. Comparing the highest quartile of activity to the lowest, the odds ratio for asthma was 0.91 (95% CI = 0.46, 1.80). However, the novel associations with physical activity that we have observed may be relevant to the obesity epidemic and useful for planning interventions to increase physical activity among preschool children living in cities in the northern United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
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Jacobson JS, Goldstein IF, Canfield SM, Ashby-Thompson M, Husain SA, Chew GL, Perzanowski MS, Hoepner L, Garfinkel R, Mellins RB. Early respiratory infections and asthma among New York City Head Start children. J Asthma 2008; 45:301-8. [PMID: 18446594 DOI: 10.1080/02770900801911186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory infections in neonates have been found to predict wheeze among young children. We hypothesized that among preschool children from low-income minority communities in New York City, current asthma would be associated with a history of respiratory infection in the first few months after their birth. METHODS We asked parents of children in New York City Head Start centers (preschool programs for children of low-income families) to respond to a questionnaire covering demographic factors, lifestyle, home environment, and health history, including a detailed history of respiratory conditions. We used logistic regression to model the association of asthma and asthma severity with history of respiratory infections, controlling for gender, ethnicity, family history of asthma, and other factors. RESULTS Among 1,022 children (mean age 4+/- 0.6 years) whose parents provided information about their health history, 359 (35%) met our criteria for asthma. Overall, 22% had had a cold by 6 months and 17% an ear infection by 8 months of age. In multivariable models, children with asthma had had more colds (OR = 2.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-6.0) and ear infections (OR = 3.4, 95% CI 1.7-6.9) in the past year than other children. Associations of respiratory infections with emergency department use for asthma (as a measure of severity) were similar. In models that did not control for infections in the past year, ages at first cold and first ear infection were associated with asthma and emergency department visits in the past year. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of preschool children, respiratory infections were common and were associated with asthma and health care utilization for asthma exacerbations. If these findings are confirmed, preventive measures among children who develop such infections at a very early age should be explored to help reduce the burden of asthma in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith S Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
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