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Fu R, Qi R, Xiong H, Lei X, Jiang Y, He J, Chen F, Zhang L, Qiu D, Chen Y, Nie M, Guo X, Zhu Y, Zhang J, Yue M, Cao J, Wang G, Que Y, Fang M, Wang Y, Chen Y, Cheng T, Ge S, Zhang J, Yuan Q, Zhang T, Xia N. Combination therapy with oncolytic virus and T cells or mRNA vaccine amplifies antitumor effects. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:118. [PMID: 38702343 PMCID: PMC11068743 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01824-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Antitumor therapies based on adoptively transferred T cells or oncolytic viruses have made significant progress in recent years, but the limited efficiency of their infiltration into solid tumors makes it difficult to achieve desired antitumor effects when used alone. In this study, an oncolytic virus (rVSV-LCMVG) that is not prone to induce virus-neutralizing antibodies was designed and combined with adoptively transferred T cells. By transforming the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment into an immunosensitive one, in B16 tumor-bearing mice, combination therapy showed superior antitumor effects than monotherapy. This occurred whether the OV was administered intratumorally or intravenously. Combination therapy significantly increased cytokine and chemokine levels within tumors and recruited CD8+ T cells to the TME to trigger antitumor immune responses. Pretreatment with adoptively transferred T cells and subsequent oncolytic virotherapy sensitizes refractory tumors by boosting T-cell recruitment, down-regulating the expression of PD-1, and restoring effector T-cell function. To offer a combination therapy with greater translational value, mRNA vaccines were introduced to induce tumor-specific T cells instead of adoptively transferred T cells. The combination of OVs and mRNA vaccine also displays a significant reduction in tumor burden and prolonged survival. This study proposed a rational combination therapy of OVs with adoptive T-cell transfer or mRNA vaccines encoding tumor-associated antigens, in terms of synergistic efficacy and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Ruoyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jinhang He
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Dekui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xueran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yuhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jinlei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Mingxi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jiali Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Guosong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqiong Que
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Mujing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen, 361102, Fujian, China.
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Qi R, Fu R, Lei X, He J, Jiang Y, Zhang L, Wu Y, Wang S, Guo X, Chen F, Nie M, Yang M, Chen Y, Zeng J, Xu J, Xiong H, Fang M, Que Y, Yao Y, Wang Y, Cao J, Ye H, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Cheng T, Zhang J, Lin X, Yuan Q, Zhang T, Xia N. Therapeutic vaccine-induced plasma cell differentiation is defective in the presence of persistently high HBsAg levels. J Hepatol 2024; 80:714-729. [PMID: 38336348 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Mechanisms behind the impaired response of antigen-specific B cells to therapeutic vaccination in chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remain unclear. The development of vaccines or strategies to overcome this obstacle is vital for advancing the management of chronic hepatitis B. METHODS A mouse model, denominated as E6F6-B, was engineered to feature a knock-in of a B-cell receptor (BCR) that specifically recognizes HBsAg. This model served as a valuable tool for investigating the temporal and spatial dynamics of humoral responses following therapeutic vaccination under continuous antigen exposure. Using a suite of immunological techniques, we elucidated the differentiation trajectory of HBsAg-specific B cells post-therapeutic vaccination in HBV carrier mice. RESULTS Utilizing the E6F6-B transfer model, we observed a marked decline in antibody-secreting cells 2 weeks after vaccination. A dysfunctional and atypical pre-plasma cell population (BLIMP-1+ IRF4+ CD40- CD138- BCMA-) emerged, manifested by sustained BCR signaling. By deploying an antibody to purge persistent HBsAg, we effectively prompted the therapeutic vaccine to provoke conventional plasma cell differentiation. This resulted in an enhanced anti-HBs antibody response and facilitated HBsAg clearance. CONCLUSIONS Sustained high levels of HBsAg limit the ability of therapeutic hepatitis B vaccines to induce the canonical plasma cell differentiation necessary for anti-HBs antibody production. Employing a strategy combining antibodies with vaccines can surmount this altered humoral response associated with atypical pre-plasma cells, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy in HBV carrier mice. IMPACT AND IMPLICATIONS Therapeutic vaccines aimed at combatting HBV encounter suboptimal humoral responses in clinical settings, and the mechanisms impeding their effectiveness have remained obscure. Our research, utilizing the innovative E6F6-B mouse transfer model, reveals that the persistence of HBsAg can lead to the emergence of an atypical pre-plasma cell population, which proves to be relevant to the potency of therapeutic HBV vaccines. Targeting the aberrant differentiation process of these atypical pre-plasma cells stands out as a critical strategy to amplify the humoral response elicited by HBV therapeutic vaccines in carrier mouse models. This discovery suggests a compelling avenue for further study in the context of human chronic hepatitis B. Encouragingly, our findings indicate that synergistic therapy combining HBV-specific antibodies with vaccines offers a promising approach that could significantly advance the pursuit of a functional cure for HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Rao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jinhang He
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Siling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xueran Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Man Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; Department of clinical laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Mujin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yuqiong Que
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Youliang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jiali Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; Department of clinical laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Huiming Ye
- Department of clinical laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Zizheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Xu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.
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Zhang X, Gao Y, Lu L, Cao Y, Zhang W, Sun B, Wu X, Tong A, Chen S, Wang X, Mao J, Nie M. Targeted long-read sequencing for comprehensive detection of CYP21A2 mutations in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:833-841. [PMID: 37815751 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02197-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 21-Hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) is caused by pathogenic CYP21A2 variations. CYP21A2 is arranged in tandem with its highly homologous pseudogene CYP21A1P; therefore, it is prone to mismatch and rearrangement, producing different types of complex variations. There were few reports on using only one method to detect different CYP21A2 variants simultaneously. AIMS Targeted long-read sequencing method was used to detect all types of CYP21A2 variants in a series of patients with 21-OHD. METHODS A total of 59 patients with 21-OHD were enrolled from Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Long-range locus-specific PCR and long-read sequencing (LRS) were performed to detect the pathogenic variants in CYP21A2. RESULTS Copy-number variants of CYP21A2 were found in 25.4% of patients, including 5.1% with 3 copies of CYP21A2, 16.9% with 1 copy of CYP21A2, and 3.4% with 0 copy of CYP21A2. The remaining 74.6% of patients had 2 copies of CYP21A2. Pathogenic variants were identified in all 121 alleles of 59 patients. Specifically, single-nucleotide variants and small insertions/deletions (< 50 bp) were detected in 79 alleles, of which conversed from CYP21A1P were detected in 63 alleles, and rare variants were found in the other 16 alleles. Large gene conversions (> 50 bp) from pseudogene were detected in 10 alleles, and different chimeric genes (CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 or TNXA/TNXB) formed by large deletions were detected in 32 alleles. Of all variants, p.I173N was the most common variant (19.0%). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated that targeted long-read sequencing is a comprehensive method for detecting CYP21A2 variations, which is helpful for genetic diagnosis in 21-OHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - W Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - B Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - A Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - J Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - M Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission (NHC), Peking Union Medical College Hospital), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Mao JF, Xu HL, Liu ZX, Wang X, Yu BQ, Zhu YY, Ji W, Zhang JY, Nie M, Wu XY. [Effect of growth hormone supplementation on liver and lung function in patients with hypopituitarism]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 104:450-452. [PMID: 38326058 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230802-00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
To analyze the clinical features of patients with anterior hypopituitarism (HP) complicated with cirrhosis, and to explore the effects of growth hormone supplementation on liver and lung function. A total of 11 patients with HP complicated with cirrhosis admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2016 to December 2022 were included in the study, including 8 males and 3 females, aged [M(Q1, Q3)]31 (20, 37) years. There were 6 patients with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome, 4 patients after craniopharyngioma resection, and 1 patient after germinal cell tumor chemoradiotherapy. Cirrhosis appeared at [M(Q1, Q3)]7 (1, 16) years after the diagnosis of HP. There were 7 cases complicated with hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS). The liver and lung function of 5 patients were improved significantly after the addition of growth hormone, and the arterial partial pressure of oxygen increased from (47±11) mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) to (84±12) mmHg. Timely supplementation of growth hormone can improve the symptoms of fatty liver, cirrhosis and HPS, and postpone or even avoid the transplantation of liver and other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - H L Xu
- Department of Abdominal Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Z X Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tsinghua Changgeng Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - B Q Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Y Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - J Y Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Y Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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5
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Nie M, Wu S, Chen Y, Wu Y, Chen R, Liu Y, Yue M, Jiang Y, Qiu D, Yang M, Wang Z, Gao J, Xiong H, Qi R, He J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Wang Y, Fang M, Que Y, Yao Y, Li S, Zhang J, Zhao Q, Yuan Q, Zhang T, Xia N. Micronanoparticled risedronate exhibits potent vaccine adjuvant effects. J Control Release 2024; 365:369-383. [PMID: 37972764 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Micro/Nano-scale particles are widely used as vaccine adjuvants to enhance immune response and improve antigen stability. While aluminum salt is one of the most common adjuvants approved for human use, its immunostimulatory capacity is suboptimal. In this study, we modified risedronate, an immunostimulant and anti-osteoporotic drug, to create zinc salt particle-based risedronate (Zn-RS), also termed particulate risedronate. Compared to soluble risedronate, micronanoparticled Zn-RS adjuvant demonstrated increased recruitment of innate cells, enhanced antigen uptake locally, and a similar antigen depot effect as aluminum salt. Furthermore, Zn-RS adjuvant directly and quickly stimulated immune cells, accelerated the formulation of germinal centers in lymph nodes, and facilitated the rapid production of antibodies. Importantly, Zn-RS adjuvant exhibited superior performance in both young and aged mice, effectively protecting against respiratory diseases such as SARS-CoV-2 challenge. Consequently, particulate risedronate showed great potential as an immune-enhancing vaccine adjuvant, particularly beneficial for vaccines targeting the susceptible elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shuyu Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ruitong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Mingxi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Dekui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Man Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Zikang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jiahua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Ruoyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jinhang He
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jinlei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Mujin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yuqiong Que
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Youliang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Infectious Disease Diagnostic Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China.
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6
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Abdulhamid MI, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adams JR, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Aitbaev A, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aslam S, Atchison J, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Cap JGB, Barish K, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bhatta S, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Cai XZ, Caines H, Sánchez MCDLB, Cebra D, Ceska J, Chakaberia I, Chan BK, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cheng Y, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Dale-Gau G, Das A, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flor FA, Fu C, Gao T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Hamed A, Han Y, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison-Smith H, He W, He XH, He Y, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jalotra A, Jena C, Ji Y, Jia J, Jin C, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Kimelman B, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Korobitsin AA, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Elayavalli RK, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Liang X, Liang Y, Lin T, Liu C, Liu F, Liu G, Liu H, Liu H, Liu L, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomicky O, Longacre RS, Loyd EM, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Luong VB, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Matis HS, Mazer JA, McNamara G, Mi K, Minaev NG, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mudrokh A, Nagy MI, Nain AS, Nam JD, Nasim M, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Pani T, Parfenov P, Paul A, Perkins C, Pokhrel BR, Posik M, Protzman T, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qin Z, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Robertson CW, Rogachevsky OV, Aguilar MAR, Roy D, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Samigullin E, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao T, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma R, Sharma SR, Sheikh AI, Shen D, Shen DY, Shen K, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Si F, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Söhngen Y, Song Y, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Su Y, Sun C, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Tamis A, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev MV, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tsai OD, Tsang CY, Tu Z, Tyler J, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vasiliev AN, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang J, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wilks G, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu J, Wu X, Wu X, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yan Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Hyperon Polarization along the Beam Direction Relative to the Second and Third Harmonic Event Planes in Isobar Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:202301. [PMID: 38039468 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The polarization of Λ and Λ[over ¯] hyperons along the beam direction has been measured relative to the second and third harmonic event planes in isobar Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. This is the first experimental evidence of the hyperon polarization by the triangular flow originating from the initial density fluctuations. The amplitudes of the sine modulation for the second and third harmonic results are comparable in magnitude, increase from central to peripheral collisions, and show a mild p_{T} dependence. The azimuthal angle dependence of the polarization follows the vorticity pattern expected due to elliptic and triangular anisotropic flow, and qualitatively disagrees with most hydrodynamic model calculations based on thermal vorticity and shear induced contributions. The model results based on one of existing implementations of the shear contribution lead to a correct azimuthal angle dependence, but predict centrality and p_{T} dependence that still disagree with experimental measurements. Thus, our results provide stringent constraints on the thermal vorticity and shear-induced contributions to hyperon polarization. Comparison to previous measurements at RHIC and the LHC for the second-order harmonic results shows little dependence on the collision system size and collision energy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - A Aitbaev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - S Aslam
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - J Atchison
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Bhatta
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J Ceska
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - I Chakaberia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Chang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Chatterjee
- National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur-713209, India
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Cheng
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Dale-Gau
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Das
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- University of Calabria & INFN-Cosenza, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - F A Flor
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - T Gao
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Hamed
- American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Hu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408
| | - Q Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Hu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - M Isshiki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jalotra
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Jin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - D Kalinkin
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Liu
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - O Lomicky
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E M Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V B Luong
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - G McNamara
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - K Mi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Mudrokh
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - A S Nain
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - M Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - K Okubo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - T Pani
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - A Paul
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - T Protzman
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Qin
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | | | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - E Samigullin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - N Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - S R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | | | - D Shen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - K Shen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - F Si
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - P Sinha
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Stewart
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - Y Su
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Sun
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - X Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Tamis
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M V Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - O D Tsai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Y Tsang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Tyler
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - I Upsal
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A N Vasiliev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - J Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Wilks
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X Wu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - X Wu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Yan
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Zhang
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - J Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris JW, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sheikh AI, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Erratum: Global Polarization of Ξ and Ω Hyperons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV [Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 162301 (2021)]. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:089901. [PMID: 37683178 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.089901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.162301.
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Zhang L, Jiang Y, He J, Chen J, Qi R, Yuan L, Shao T, Zhao H, Chen C, Chen Y, Wang X, Lei X, Gao Q, Zhuang C, Zhou M, Ma J, Liu W, Yang M, Fu R, Wu Y, Chen F, Xiong H, Nie M, Chen Y, Wu K, Fang M, Wang Y, Zheng Z, Huang S, Ge S, Cheng SC, Zhu H, Cheng T, Yuan Q, Wu T, Zhang J, Chen Y, Zhang T, Li C, Qi H, Guan Y, Xia N. Intranasal influenza-vectored COVID-19 vaccine restrains the SARS-CoV-2 inflammatory response in hamsters. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4117. [PMID: 37433761 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39560-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants and "anatomical escape" characteristics threaten the effectiveness of current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. There is an urgent need to understand the immunological mechanism of broad-spectrum respiratory tract protection to guide broader vaccines development. Here we investigate immune responses induced by an NS1-deleted influenza virus vectored intranasal COVID-19 vaccine (dNS1-RBD) which provides broad-spectrum protection against SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters. Intranasal delivery of dNS1-RBD induces innate immunity, trained immunity and tissue-resident memory T cells covering the upper and lower respiratory tract. It restrains the inflammatory response by suppressing early phase viral load post SARS-CoV-2 challenge and attenuating pro-inflammatory cytokine (Il6, Il1b, and Ifng) levels, thereby reducing excess immune-induced tissue injury compared with the control group. By inducing local cellular immunity and trained immunity, intranasal delivery of NS1-deleted influenza virus vectored vaccine represents a broad-spectrum COVID-19 vaccine strategy to reduce disease burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jinhang He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Junyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ruoyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Lunzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tiange Shao
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, 102629, Beijing, China
| | - Congjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yaode Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xijing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xing Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Qingxiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Chunlan Zhuang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Man Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Rao Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Feng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Mujin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Zizheng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shoujie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Shih Chin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Huachen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Joint Laboratory for International Collaboration in Virology and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Institute of Virology (STU/HKU), Shantou University, 515063, Shantou, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Changgui Li
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, 102629, Beijing, China.
| | - Hai Qi
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Laboratory of Dynamic Immunobiology, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, 100084, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases/Joint Laboratory for International Collaboration in Virology and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Institute of Virology (STU/HKU), Shantou University, 515063, Shantou, China.
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics; National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
- Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, 361102, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Abdulhamid MI, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adams JR, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Aitbaev A, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aslam S, Atchison J, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bhatta S, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Ceska J, Chakaberia I, Chan BK, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cheng Y, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Dale-Gau G, Das A, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flor FA, Fu C, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Hamed A, Han Y, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison-Smith H, He W, He XH, He Y, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jalotra A, Jena C, Ji Y, Jia J, Jin C, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Kimelman B, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Korobitsin AA, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Liang X, Liang Y, Lin T, Liu C, Liu F, Liu G, Liu H, Liu H, Liu L, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomicky O, Longacre RS, Loyd EM, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Luong VB, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Matis HS, Mazer JA, McNamara G, Mi K, Minaev NG, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mudrokh A, Nagy MI, Nain AS, Nam JD, Nasim M, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Pani T, Parfenov P, Paul A, Perkins C, Pokhrel BR, Posik M, Protzman T, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qin Z, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Robertson CW, Rogachevsky OV, Rosales Aguilar MA, Roy D, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Samigullin E, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao T, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma R, Sharma SR, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shen K, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Si F, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Söhngen Y, Song Y, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Su Y, Sun C, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Tamis A, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev MV, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tsai OD, Tsang CY, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vasiliev AN, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wilks G, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu J, Wu X, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yan Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurements of the Elliptic and Triangular Azimuthal Anisotropies in Central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au and p+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:242301. [PMID: 37390421 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.242301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The elliptic (v_{2}) and triangular (v_{3}) azimuthal anisotropy coefficients in central ^{3}He+Au, d+Au, and p+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV are measured as a function of transverse momentum (p_{T}) at midrapidity (|η|<0.9), via the azimuthal angular correlation between two particles both at |η|<0.9. While the v_{2}(p_{T}) values depend on the colliding systems, the v_{3}(p_{T}) values are system independent within the uncertainties, suggesting an influence on eccentricity from subnucleonic fluctuations in these small-sized systems. These results also provide stringent constraints for the hydrodynamic modeling of these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Abdulhamid
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - A Aitbaev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - S Aslam
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - J Atchison
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Bhatta
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J Ceska
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - I Chakaberia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Chang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Chatterjee
- National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur - 713209, India
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Cheng
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Dale-Gau
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Das
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
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- University of Calabria & INFN-Cosenza, Rende 87036, Italy
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
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- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
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- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jalotra
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
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- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Liu
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - O Lomicky
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V B Luong
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - G McNamara
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - K Mi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Mudrokh
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - A S Nain
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - K Okubo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - T Pani
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - A Paul
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Qin
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - E Samigullin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - N Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - S R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - K Shen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - F Si
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - P Sinha
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, 47306
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Stewart
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - Y Su
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Sun
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - X Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M V Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Qiu D, Liu Y, Wang Z, Zhang Z, Nie M, Xia N, Li S, Zhao Q. Precision and correlation of ED 50 and endpoint titer method in measuring HPV vaccine immunogenicity. J Virol Methods 2023; 316:114716. [PMID: 36965633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2023.114716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women, is caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted virus. Vaccination is an effective preventive measure against viral infections and subsequent development of cervical cancer. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is commonly used to measure specific binding antibody titers and assess the immunogenicity of test vaccines in preclinical models or clinical volunteers. Two methods of deriving titers, the endpoint titer (ET) and the effective dilution producing a median maximal effective fold of dilution (ED50) with a cut-off value, are widely used. For HPV, a pseudovirion-based neutralization assay (PBNA) is used to measure functional antibody titers. The ELISA binding titers and functional PBNA titers were found to be well-correlated for all nine HPV types tested in the vaccine, consistent with previous studies on HPV 16/18. Comparing the PBNA results with the two titration methods, the ED50 method showed higher precision and a closer correlation with PBNA results, both for individual types and pooled data analysis for all nine types. When comparing the titration results of the ET method based on a cut-off value with the ED50 method using all the data points across the dilution series, the ED50 method demonstrated better precision and a stronger correlation with PBNA results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dekui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; The Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PR China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China; Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, PR China.
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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Aboona BE, Adam J, Adams JR, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Aitbaev A, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Atchison J, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bhatta S, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Ceska J, Chakaberia I, Chan BK, Chang Z, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cheng Y, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Dale-Gau G, Das A, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flor FA, Fu C, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Hamed A, Han Y, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He W, He XH, He Y, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jalotra A, Jena C, Ji Y, Jia J, Jin C, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Kimelman B, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Korobitsin AA, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Liang X, Liang Y, Lin T, Liu C, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu L, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomicky O, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Luong VB, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Matis HS, Mazer JA, McNamara G, Mi K, Minaev NG, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mudrokh A, Nagy MI, Nain AS, Nam JD, Nasim M, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Pani T, Parfenov P, Paul A, Perkins C, Pokhrel BR, Posik M, Protzman T, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qin Z, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Robertson CW, Rogachevsky OV, Rosales Aguilar MA, Roy D, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Samigullin E, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma R, Sharma SR, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shen K, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Si F, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Söhngen Y, Song Y, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Su Y, Sun C, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Tamis A, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev MV, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tsai OD, Tsang CY, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vasiliev AN, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wilks G, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu J, Wu X, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yan Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Observation of Directed Flow of Hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:212301. [PMID: 37295104 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.212301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report here the first observation of directed flow (v_{1}) of the hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H in mid-central Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV at RHIC. These data are taken as part of the beam energy scan program carried out by the STAR experiment. From 165×10^{6} events in 5%-40% centrality, about 8400 _{Λ}^{3}H and 5200 _{Λ}^{4}H candidates are reconstructed through two- and three-body decay channels. We observe that these hypernuclei exhibit significant directed flow. Comparing to that of light nuclei, it is found that the midrapidity v_{1} slopes of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H follow baryon number scaling, implying that the coalescence is the dominant mechanism for these hypernuclei production in the 3 GeV Au+Au collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - A Aitbaev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - J Atchison
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Bhatta
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J Ceska
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - I Chakaberia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Chang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Cheng
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Dale-Gau
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Das
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- University of Calabria & INFN-Cosenza, Italy
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - F A Flor
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Hu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - M Isshiki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jalotra
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Jin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - O Lomicky
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V B Luong
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - G McNamara
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - K Mi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Mudrokh
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - A S Nain
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - K Okubo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - T Pani
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - A Paul
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - T Protzman
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Qin
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | | | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - E Samigullin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - N Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - S R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - K Shen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - F Si
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - P Sinha
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, 47306
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Stewart
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - Y Su
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Sun
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - X Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Tamis
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M V Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - O D Tsai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Y Tsang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - I Upsal
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A N Vasiliev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Wilks
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X Wu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Yan
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - J Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Abdulhamid MI, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adams JR, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Aitbaev A, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aslam S, Atchison J, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bhatta S, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Ceska J, Chakaberia I, Chan BK, Chang Z, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cheng Y, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Dale-Gau G, Das A, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flor FA, Fu C, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Hamed A, Han Y, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison-Smith H, He W, He XH, He Y, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jalotra A, Jena C, Ji Y, Jia J, Jin C, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Kimelman B, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Korobitsin AA, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Liang X, Liang Y, Lin T, Liu C, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu L, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomicky O, Longacre RS, Loyd EM, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Luong VB, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Matis HS, Mazer JA, McNamara G, Mi K, Minaev NG, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mudrokh A, Nagy MI, Nain AS, Nam JD, Nasim M, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Pani T, Parfenov P, Paul A, Perkins C, Pokhrel BR, Posik M, Protzman T, Pruthi NK, Putschke J, Qin Z, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Ritter HG, Robertson CW, Rogachevsky OV, Rosales Aguilar MA, Roy D, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Samigullin E, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao T, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma R, Sharma SR, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shen K, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Si F, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Söhngen Y, Song Y, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Su Y, Sun C, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Tamis A, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev MV, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tsai OD, Tsang CY, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vasiliev AN, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wilks G, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu J, Wu X, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yan Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu N, Yu Y, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Beam Energy Dependence of Triton Production and Yield Ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}) in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:202301. [PMID: 37267557 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the triton (t) production in midrapidity (|y|<0.5) Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment from the first phase of the beam energy scan at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The nuclear compound yield ratio (N_{t}×N_{p}/N_{d}^{2}), which is predicted to be sensitive to the fluctuation of local neutron density, is observed to decrease monotonically with increasing charged-particle multiplicity (dN_{ch}/dη) and follows a scaling behavior. The dN_{ch}/dη dependence of the yield ratio is compared to calculations from coalescence and thermal models. Enhancements in the yield ratios relative to the coalescence baseline are observed in the 0%-10% most central collisions at 19.6 and 27 GeV, with a significance of 2.3σ and 3.4σ, respectively, giving a combined significance of 4.1σ. The enhancements are not observed in peripheral collisions or model calculations without critical fluctuation, and decreases with a smaller p_{T} acceptance. The physics implications of these results on the QCD phase structure and the production mechanism of light nuclei in heavy-ion collisions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Abdulhamid
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - A Aitbaev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - S Aslam
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - J Atchison
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Bhatta
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J Ceska
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - I Chakaberia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Chang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Chatterjee
- National Institute of Technology Durgapur, Durgapur - 713209, India
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Cheng
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Dale-Gau
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Das
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- University of Calabria & INFN-Cosenza, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - F A Flor
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Hu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - M Isshiki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jalotra
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Jin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - D Kalinkin
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - O Lomicky
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E M Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V B Luong
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - G McNamara
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - K Mi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Mudrokh
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - A S Nain
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - K Okubo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - T Pani
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - A Paul
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - T Protzman
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Qin
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | | | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - E Samigullin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - N Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - S R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - K Shen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - F Si
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - P Sinha
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, 47306
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Stewart
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - Y Su
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Sun
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - X Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - A Tamis
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M V Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - O D Tsai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Y Tsang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - I Upsal
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A N Vasiliev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Wilks
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X Wu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101408
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Yan
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - J Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Aboona BE, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Anderson DM, Aschenauer EC, Atchison J, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bhatta S, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Brandenburg JD, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Ceska J, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang Z, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cheng Y, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Dale-Gau G, Das A, Daugherity M, Deppner IM, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flor FA, Fu C, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Holub L, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jalotra A, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jin C, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu C, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu L, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomicky O, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, McNamara G, Mi K, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Mukherjee A, Nagy MI, Nain AS, Nam JD, Nasim M, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Pani T, Paul A, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Perkins C, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Posik M, Protzman T, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qin Z, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robertson CW, Robotkova M, Romero JL, Rosales Aguilar MA, Roy D, Roy Chowdhury P, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seck FJ, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma R, Sharma SR, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shen K, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Si F, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Song Y, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Stringfellow B, Su Y, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun C, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tamis A, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tsang CY, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wielanek D, Wieman H, Wilks G, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu J, Wu J, Wu X, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yan Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurement of Sequential ϒ Suppression in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV with the STAR Experiment. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:112301. [PMID: 37001106 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.112301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
We report on measurements of sequential ϒ suppression in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV with the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) through both the dielectron and dimuon decay channels. In the 0%-60% centrality class, the nuclear modification factors (R_{AA}), which quantify the level of yield suppression in heavy-ion collisions compared to p+p collisions, for ϒ(1S) and ϒ(2S) are 0.40±0.03(stat)±0.03(sys)±0.09(norm) and 0.26±0.08(stat)±0.02(sys)±0.06(norm), respectively, while the upper limit of the ϒ(3S) R_{AA} is 0.17 at a 95% confidence level. This provides experimental evidence that the ϒ(3S) is significantly more suppressed than the ϒ(1S) at RHIC. The level of suppression for ϒ(1S) is comparable to that observed at the much higher collision energy at the Large Hadron Collider. These results point to the creation of a medium at RHIC whose temperature is sufficiently high to strongly suppress excited ϒ states.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | | | - J Atchison
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Bhatta
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | | | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J Ceska
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - I Chakaberia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Chang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Cheng
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - G Dale-Gau
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Das
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- University of Calabria & INFN-Cosenza, Rende 87036, Italy
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - F A Flor
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - C Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Hu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - M Isshiki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jalotra
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Jin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | | | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - C Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - O Lomicky
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - G McNamara
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - K Mi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Mukherjee
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - A S Nain
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - K Okubo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - T Pani
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - A Paul
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - T Protzman
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - V Prozorova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Qin
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - M Robotkova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | | | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | | | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - F-J Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - M Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - N Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - S R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - K Shen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - F Si
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - P Sinha
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana 47306
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - D J Stewart
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | | | - Y Su
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - C Sun
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - X Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A Tamis
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Truhlar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Y Tsang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - I Upsal
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - D Wielanek
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Wilks
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X Wu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Yan
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhao
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - M Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - J Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Aboona BE, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Anderson DM, Aschenauer EC, Atchison J, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bhatta S, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Brandenburg JD, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Ceska J, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang Z, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cheng Y, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Dale-Gau G, Das A, Daugherity M, Deppner IM, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flor FA, Fu C, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Holub L, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jalotra A, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jin C, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Li Y, Li Z, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lisa MA, Liu C, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu L, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomicky O, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, McNamara G, Mi K, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Mukherjee A, Nagy MI, Nain AS, Nam JD, Nasim M, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Pani T, Paul A, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Perkins C, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Posik M, Protzman T, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qin Z, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robertson CW, Robotkova M, Romero JL, Rosales Aguilar MA, Roy D, Roy Chowdhury P, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Seck FJ, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sharma M, Sharma N, Sharma R, Sharma SR, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shen K, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Si F, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Song Y, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Stringfellow B, Su Y, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun C, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tamis A, Tang AH, Tang Z, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tsang CY, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wielanek D, Wieman H, Wilks G, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu J, Wu J, Wu X, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yan Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Beam Energy Dependence of Fifth- and Sixth-Order Net-Proton Number Fluctuations in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:082301. [PMID: 36898098 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.082301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the beam energy and collision centrality dependence of fifth and sixth order cumulants (C_{5}, C_{6}) and factorial cumulants (κ_{5}, κ_{6}) of net-proton and proton number distributions, from center-of-mass energy (sqrt[s_{NN}]) 3 GeV to 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Cumulant ratios of net-proton (taken as proxy for net-baryon) distributions generally follow the hierarchy expected from QCD thermodynamics, except for the case of collisions at 3 GeV. The measured values of C_{6}/C_{2} for 0%-40% centrality collisions show progressively negative trend with decreasing energy, while it is positive for the lowest energy studied. These observed negative signs are consistent with QCD calculations (for baryon chemical potential, μ_{B}≤110 MeV) which contains the crossover transition range. In addition, for energies above 7.7 GeV, the measured proton κ_{n}, within uncertainties, does not support the two-component (Poisson+binomial) shape of proton number distributions that would be expected from a first-order phase transition. Taken in combination, the hyperorder proton number fluctuations suggest that the structure of QCD matter at high baryon density, μ_{B}∼750 MeV at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV is starkly different from those at vanishing μ_{B}∼24 MeV at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV and higher collision energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | | | - J Atchison
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - S Bhatta
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | | | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J Ceska
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - I Chakaberia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Chang
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Cheng
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - G Dale-Gau
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Das
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- University of Calabria & INFN-Cosenza, Italy
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - F A Flor
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - C Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Hu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - M Isshiki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jalotra
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Jin
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | | | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - C Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - O Lomicky
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - G McNamara
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - K Mi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A Mukherjee
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - A S Nain
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - K Okubo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - T Pani
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - A Paul
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - T Protzman
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - V Prozorova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Qin
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - M Robotkova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | | | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | | | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - F-J Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Sharma
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - N Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - S R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - K Shen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - F Si
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - P Sinha
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, 47306
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | | | - D J Stewart
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | | | - Y Su
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - C Sun
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - X Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A Tamis
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Truhlar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Y Tsang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - D Wielanek
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Wilks
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - X Wu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Yan
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - J Zhou
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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15
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Liao Y, Sun L, Nie M, Li J, Huang X, Heng S, Zhang W, Xia T, Guo Z, Zhao Q, Zhang LJ. Modulation of Skin Inflammatory Responses by Aluminum Adjuvant. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020576. [PMID: 36839900 PMCID: PMC9966661 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aluminum salt (AS), one of the most commonly used vaccine adjuvants, has immuno-modulatory activity, but how the administration of AS alone may impact the activation of the skin immune system under inflammatory conditions has not been investigated. Here, we studied the therapeutic effect of AS injection on two distinct skin inflammatory mouse models: an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like model and an MC903 (calcipotriol)-induced atopic dermatitis-like model. We found that injection of a high dose of AS not only suppressed the IMQ-mediated development of T-helper 1 (Th1) and T-helper 17 (Th17) immune responses but also inhibited the IMQ-mediated recruitment and/or activation of neutrophils and macrophages. In contrast, AS injection enhanced MC903-mediated development of the T-helper 2 (Th2) immune response and neutrophil recruitment. Using an in vitro approach, we found that AS treatment inhibited Th1 but promoted Th2 polarization of primary lymphocytes, and inhibited activation of peritoneal macrophages but not bone marrow derived neutrophils. Together, our results suggest that the injection of a high dose of AS may inhibit Th1 and Th17 immune response-driven skin inflammation but promote type 2 immune response-driven skin inflammation. These results may provide a better understanding of how vaccination with an aluminum adjuvant alters the skin immune response to external insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Lixiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Xiaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Shujun Heng
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Wenlu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Tian Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
| | - Zhuolin Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (L.-j.Z.)
| | - Ling-juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361002, China
- Correspondence: (Q.Z.); (L.-j.Z.)
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16
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Abdallah MS, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi FM, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robotkova M, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy D, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sheikh AI, Shen D, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Collision-System and Beam-Energy Dependence of Anisotropic Flow Fluctuations. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:252301. [PMID: 36608250 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.252301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Elliptic flow measurements from two-, four-, and six-particle correlations are used to investigate flow fluctuations in collisions of U+U at sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV, Cu+Au at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV and Au+Au spanning the range sqrt[s_{NN}]=11.5-200 GeV. The measurements show a strong dependence of the flow fluctuations on collision centrality, a modest dependence on system size, and very little if any, dependence on particle species and beam energy. The results, when compared to similar LHC measurements, viscous hydrodynamic calculations, and trento model eccentricities, indicate that initial-state-driven fluctuations predominate the flow fluctuations generated in the collisions studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdallah
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - F M Fawzi
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
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- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
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- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
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- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
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- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | | | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - G Ponimatkin
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - D Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
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- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
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- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Wu Y, Wang S, Zhang Y, Yuan L, Zheng Q, Wei M, Shi Y, Wang Z, Ma J, Wang K, Nie M, Xiao J, Huang Z, Chen P, Guo H, Lan M, Xu J, Hou W, Hong Y, Chen D, Sun H, Xiong H, Zhou M, Liu C, Guo W, Guo H, Gao J, Gan C, Li Z, Zhang H, Wang X, Li S, Cheng T, Zhao Q, Chen Y, Wu T, Zhang T, Zhang J, Cao H, Zhu H, Yuan Q, Guan Y, Xia N. Lineage-mosaic and mutation-patched spike proteins for broad-spectrum COVID-19 vaccine. Cell Host Microbe 2022; 30:1732-1744.e7. [PMID: 36323313 PMCID: PMC9576691 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 spread in humans results in continuous emergence of new variants, highlighting the need for vaccines with broad-spectrum antigenic coverage. Using inter-lineage chimera and mutation-patch strategies, we engineered a recombinant monomeric spike variant (STFK1628x) that contains key regions and residues across multiple SAR-CoV-2 variants. STFK1628x demonstrated high immunogenicity and mutually complementary antigenicity to its prototypic form (STFK). In hamsters, a bivalent vaccine composed of STFK and STFK1628x elicited high titers of broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies to 19 circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron sublineages BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.2.75, and BA.4/5. Furthermore, this vaccine conferred robust protection against intranasal challenges by either SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain or immune-evasive Beta and Omicron BA.1. Strikingly, vaccination with the bivalent vaccine in hamsters effectively blocked within-cage virus transmission of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, Beta variant, and Omicron BA.1 to unvaccinated sentinels. Thus, our study provided insight and antigen candidates for the development of next-generation COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lunzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zikang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zehong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Peiwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Laboratory for International Collaboration in Virology and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Institute of Virology (STU/HKU), Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- EKIH Pathogen Research Institute, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518045, China
| | - Huilin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Miaolin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wangheng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yunda Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dabing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Che Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Wenjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Huiyu Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jiahua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Congling Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate, National Health Commission, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate, National Health Commission, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate, National Health Commission, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hua Cao
- Key Laboratory of Technical Evaluation of Fertility Regulation for Non-human Primate, National Health Commission, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350013, China
| | - Huachen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Laboratory for International Collaboration in Virology and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Institute of Virology (STU/HKU), Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- EKIH Pathogen Research Institute, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518045, China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Yi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Laboratory for International Collaboration in Virology and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Joint Institute of Virology (STU/HKU), Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- EKIH Pathogen Research Institute, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518045, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health & School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
- Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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Abdallah MS, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi FM, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robotkova M, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy D, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhou C, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Evidence for Nonlinear Gluon Effects in QCD and Their Mass Number Dependence at STAR. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:092501. [PMID: 36083674 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of back-to-back azimuthal correlations of di-π^{0}s produced at forward pseudorapidities (2.6<η<4.0) in p+p, p+Al, and p+Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV. We observe a clear suppression of the correlated yields of back-to-back π^{0} pairs in p+Al and p+Au collisions compared to the p+p data. The observed suppression of back-to-back pairs as a function of transverse momentum suggests nonlinear gluon dynamics arising at high parton densities. The larger suppression found in p+Au relative to p+Al collisions exhibits a dependence of the saturation scale Q_{s}^{2} on the mass number A. A linear scaling of the suppression with A^{1/3} is observed with a slope of -0.09±0.01.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdallah
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - F M Fawzi
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Mukherjee
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | | | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - G Ponimatkin
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - V Prozorova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Robotkova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - M J Skoby
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T Truhlar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S Zhang
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Abdallah MS, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi FM, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robotkova M, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy D, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Song Y, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu J, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhou C, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurements of Proton High-Order Cumulants in sqrt[s_{NN}]=3 GeV Au+Au Collisions and Implications for the QCD Critical Point. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:202303. [PMID: 35657878 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.202303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report cumulants of the proton multiplicity distribution from dedicated fixed-target Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.0 GeV, measured by the STAR experiment in the kinematic acceptance of rapidity (y) and transverse momentum (p_{T}) within -0.5<y<0 and 0.4<p_{T}<2.0 GeV/c. In the most central 0%-5% collisions, a proton cumulant ratio is measured to be C_{4}/C_{2}=-0.85±0.09 (stat)±0.82 (syst), which is 2σ below the Poisson baseline with respect to both the statistical and systematic uncertainties. The hadronic transport UrQMD model reproduces our C_{4}/C_{2} in the measured acceptance. Compared to higher energy results and the transport model calculations, the suppression in C_{4}/C_{2} is consistent with fluctuations driven by baryon number conservation and indicates an energy regime dominated by hadronic interactions. These data imply that the QCD critical region, if created in heavy-ion collisions, could only exist at energies higher than 3 GeV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdallah
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - F M Fawzi
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Mukherjee
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | | | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - G Ponimatkin
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - V Prozorova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Robotkova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - M J Skoby
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de S ao Paulo, S ao Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T Truhlar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - I Upsal
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S Zhang
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Abdallah MS, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi FM, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robotkova M, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Roy D, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbaek F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu J, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhou C, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurements of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H Lifetimes and Yields in Au+Au Collisions in the High Baryon Density Region. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:202301. [PMID: 35657899 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.202301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We report precision measurements of hypernuclei _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H lifetimes obtained from Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.0 GeV and 7.2 GeV collected by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and the first measurement of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H midrapidity yields in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=3.0 GeV. _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H, being the two simplest bound states composed of hyperons and nucleons, are cornerstones in the field of hypernuclear physics. Their lifetimes are measured to be 221±15(stat)±19(syst) ps for _{Λ}^{3}H and 218±6(stat)±13(syst) ps for _{Λ}^{4}H. The p_{T}-integrated yields of _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H are presented in different centrality and rapidity intervals. It is observed that the shape of the rapidity distribution of _{Λ}^{4}H is different for 0%-10% and 10%-50% centrality collisions. Thermal model calculations, using the canonical ensemble for strangeness, describes the _{Λ}^{3}H yield well, while underestimating the _{Λ}^{4}H yield. Transport models, combining baryonic mean-field and coalescence (jam) or utilizing dynamical cluster formation via baryonic interactions (phqmd) for light nuclei and hypernuclei production, approximately describe the measured _{Λ}^{3}H and _{Λ}^{4}H yields. Our measurements provide means to precisely assess our understanding of the fundamental baryonic interactions with strange quarks, which can impact our understanding of more complicated systems involving hyperons, such as the interior of neutron stars or exotic hypernuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdallah
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - F M Fawzi
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - A Mukherjee
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | | | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - G Ponimatkin
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - V Prozorova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Robotkova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - M J Skoby
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T Truhlar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - I Upsal
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbaek
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S Zhang
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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21
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Liu L, Chen T, Zhou L, Sun J, Li Y, Nie M, Xiong H, Zhu Y, Xue W, Wu Y, Li T, Zhang T, Kong Z, Yu H, Zhang J, Gu Y, Zheng Q, Zhao Q, Xia N, Li S. A Bacterially Expressed SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain Fused With Cross-Reacting Material 197 A-Domain Elicits High Level of Neutralizing Antibodies in Mice. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:854630. [PMID: 35558112 PMCID: PMC9087041 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.854630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents an unprecedented public health crisis worldwide. Although several vaccines are available, the global supply of vaccines, particularly within developing countries, is inadequate, and this necessitates a need for the development of less expensive, accessible vaccine options. To this end, here, we used the Escherichia coli expression system to produce a recombinant fusion protein comprising the receptor binding domain (RBD) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; residues 319-541) and the fragment A domain of Cross-Reacting Material 197 (CRM197); hereafter, CRMA-RBD. We show that this CRMA-RBD fusion protein has excellent physicochemical properties and strong reactivity with COVID-19 convalescent sera and representative neutralizing antibodies (nAbs). Furthermore, compared with the use of a traditional aluminum adjuvant, we find that combining the CRMA-RBD protein with a nitrogen bisphosphonate-modified zinc-aluminum hybrid adjuvant (FH-002C-Ac) leads to stronger humoral immune responses in mice, with 4-log neutralizing antibody titers. Overall, our study highlights the value of this E. coli-expressed fusion protein as an alternative vaccine candidate strategy against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lizhi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yuhe Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenhui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhibo Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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22
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Nie M, Liu Y, Huang X, Zhang Z, Zhao Q. Microtiter plate-based differential scanning fluorimetry: a high-throughput method for efficient formulation development. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2397-2403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Abdallah MS, Aboona BE, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Aitbaev A, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dixit P, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi FM, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu C, Hu Q, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Isenhower D, Isshiki M, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Kikoła DP, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Ko HS, Kochenda L, Korobitsin A, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Lewis N, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lu T, Lukow NS, Luo XF, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman N, Mallick D, Manukhov SL, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Okubo K, Page BS, Pak R, Pan J, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Paul A, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Perkins C, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robotkova M, Romero JL, Roy D, Ruan L, Sahoo AK, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Samigullin E, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sharma R, Sheikh AI, Shen DY, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Sinha P, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Song Y, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu J, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yan G, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Zhao J, Zhao M, Zhou C, Zhou Y, Zhu X, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Probing the Gluonic Structure of the Deuteron with J/ψ Photoproduction in d+Au Ultraperipheral Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:122303. [PMID: 35394314 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.122303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Understanding gluon density distributions and how they are modified in nuclei are among the most important goals in nuclear physics. In recent years, diffractive vector meson production measured in ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at heavy-ion colliders has provided a new tool for probing the gluon density. In this Letter, we report the first measurement of J/ψ photoproduction off the deuteron in UPCs at the center-of-mass energy sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV in d+Au collisions. The differential cross section as a function of momentum transfer -t is measured. In addition, data with a neutron tagged in the deuteron-going zero-degree calorimeter is investigated for the first time, which is found to be consistent with the expectation of incoherent diffractive scattering at low momentum transfer. Theoretical predictions based on the color glass condensate saturation model and the leading twist approximation nuclear shadowing model are compared with the data quantitatively. A better agreement with the saturation model has been observed. With the current measurement, the results are found to be directly sensitive to the gluon density distribution of the deuteron and the deuteron breakup process, which provides insights into the nuclear gluonic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdallah
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - B E Aboona
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - A Aitbaev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | | | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Dixit
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - F M Fawzi
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Fazio
- University of Calabria and INFN-Cosenza, Italy
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - C Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Q Hu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - M Isshiki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H S Ko
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A Korobitsin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - N Lewis
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T Lu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X F Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - S L Manukhov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Mukherjee
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Okubo
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Pan
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - A Paul
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - G Ponimatkin
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - V Prozorova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Robotkova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Roy
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A K Sahoo
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - E Samigullin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Sharma
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | | | - D Y Shen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - P Sinha
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, 47306
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - Y Song
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T Truhlar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - I Upsal
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - J Wu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G Yan
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510631
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J Zhang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S Zhang
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - F Zhao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Zhao
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - M Zhao
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - Y Zhou
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Abdallah MS, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi FM, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lukow NS, Luo X, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robotkova M, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sheikh AI, Shen D, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Search for the Chiral Magnetic Effect via Charge-Dependent Azimuthal Correlations Relative to Spectator and Participant Planes in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:092301. [PMID: 35302834 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chiral magnetic effect (CME) refers to charge separation along a strong magnetic field due to imbalanced chirality of quarks in local parity and charge-parity violating domains in quantum chromodynamics. The experimental measurement of the charge separation is made difficult by the presence of a major background from elliptic azimuthal anisotropy. This background and the CME signal have different sensitivities to the spectator and participant planes, and could thus be determined by measurements with respect to these planes. We report such measurements in Au+Au collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. It is found that the charge separation, with the flow background removed, is consistent with zero in peripheral (large impact parameter) collisions. Some indication of finite CME signals is seen in midcentral (intermediate impact parameter) collisions. Significant residual background effects may, however, still be present.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdallah
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - F M Fawzi
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Y Han
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - M D Harasty
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - H Harrison
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A G Knospe
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | | | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - X Liang
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - H Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - E Loyd
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Mukherjee
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - R Nishitani
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - A K Pandey
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - G Ponimatkin
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - V Prozorova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - C Racz
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - N Raha
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Robotkova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Shao
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - D Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - M J Skoby
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Söhngen
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - Z W Sweger
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T Truhlar
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B A Trzeciak
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - V Verkest
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - J Wu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Xi
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - S Zhang
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | | | - Y Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhou
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Yang J, Wang YB, Nie M, Jiang Y, Li M, Xia WB, Xing XP, Wang O. [Clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms of hypoparathyroidism related to GATA3 gene mutation]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:66-71. [PMID: 34979772 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20210519-00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics and molecular mechanisms of 5 cases of hypoparathyroidism caused by GATA3 gene mutation. Methods: A total of 5 childhood-onset hypoparathyroidism patients with GATA3 mutation were identified from 198 hypoparathyroidism (aged ≤18 years) from 1975 to 2021 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Clinical data and biochemical indices of the 5 patients were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Genetic screening was conducted by targeted next-generation sequencing (T-NGS), and bioinformatics analysis was performed to analyze the underline mechanisms. Results: The medium onset age of hypoparathyroidism of the 5 patients was 0.5 (0.1, 1.3) years old, and the time duration from onset to confirmed diagnosis of hypoparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism- deafness-renal dysplasia syndrome was (7.0±5.2) years and (15.0±5.4) years, respectively. The clinical manifestations included carpopedal spasm accompanied by seizures (5 cases), basal ganglia calcification (5 cases), cataract (1 case), deafness (4 cases), and renal malformations or absence (2 cases). The blood calcium and blood parathormone(PTH) before treatment was (1.65±0.31) mmol/L and (4.64±2.63) ng/L, respectively. The 5 patients carried different heterozygous mutations in GATA3 gene, which caused nonsense mutations, frameshift mutations and splice site mutations, respectively. All the GATA3 gene mutations of the 5 patients are classified as pathogenic or likely pathogenic by the Clin Var database and American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics(ACMG). Conclusions: Attention should be paid to genetic diseases in patients with childhood-onset hypoparathyroidism. The possibility of hypoparathyroidism-deafness-renal dysplasia syndrome should be considered in hypoparathyroidism patients with hearing loss or renal dysplasia. GATA3 gene screening is highly recommended for the confirmation of the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y B Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Li
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - W B Xia
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X P Xing
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - O Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Union Translational Medicine Center,Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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Abdallah MS, Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal I, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Baker W, Ball Cap JG, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhagat P, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Cai XZ, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Dhamija A, Di Carlo L, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Duckworth E, Dunlop JC, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fawzi FM, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Han Y, Harabasz S, Harasty MD, Harris JW, Harrison H, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Huang Y, Humanic TJ, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Knospe AG, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang X, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu H, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Loyd E, Lukow NS, Luo X, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Mukherjee A, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nishitani R, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Pandey AK, Panebratsev Y, Parfenov P, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Ponimatkin G, Porter J, Posik M, Prozorova V, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Racz C, Radhakrishnan SK, Raha N, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Robotkova M, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shao T, Sheikh AI, Shen D, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Skoby MJ, Smirnov N, Söhngen Y, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Sweger ZW, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Truhlar T, Trzeciak BA, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Verkest V, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Wu J, Wu Y, Xi B, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurement of the Sixth-Order Cumulant of Net-Proton Multiplicity Distributions in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=27, 54.4, and 200 GeV at RHIC. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:262301. [PMID: 35029466 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.262301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
According to first-principle lattice QCD calculations, the transition from quark-gluon plasma to hadronic matter is a smooth crossover in the region μ_{B}≤T_{c}. In this range the ratio, C_{6}/C_{2}, of net-baryon distributions are predicted to be negative. In this Letter, we report the first measurement of the midrapidity net-proton C_{6}/C_{2} from 27, 54.4, and 200 GeV Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The dependence on collision centrality and kinematic acceptance in (p_{T}, y) are analyzed. While for 27 and 54.4 GeV collisions the C_{6}/C_{2} values are close to zero within uncertainties, it is observed that for 200 GeV collisions, the C_{6}/C_{2} ratio becomes progressively negative from peripheral to central collisions. Transport model calculations without critical dynamics predict mostly positive values except for the most central collisions within uncertainties. These observations seem to favor a smooth crossover in the high-energy nuclear collisions at top RHIC energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Abdallah
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I Aggarwal
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - W Baker
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - P Bhagat
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - X Z Cai
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Dhamija
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - L Di Carlo
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
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- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
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- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Parfenov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Huang X, Li Y, Nie M, Yue M, Li Y, Lin Z, Pan H, Fang M, Wu T, Li S, Zhang J, Xia N, Zhao Q. Capsid destabilization and epitope alterations of human papillomavirus 18 in the presence of thimerosal. J Pharm Anal 2021; 11:617-627. [PMID: 34765275 PMCID: PMC8572666 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Thimerosal has been widely used as a preservative in drug and vaccine products for decades. Due to the strong propensity to modify thiols in proteins, conformational changes could occur due to covalent bond formation between ethylmercury (a degradant of thimerosal) and thiols. Such a conformational change could lead to partial or even complete loss of desirable protein function. This study aims to investigate the effects of thimerosal on the capsid stability and antigenicity of recombinant human papillomavirus (HPV) 18 virus-like particles (VLPs). Dramatic destabilization of the recombinant viral capsid upon thimerosal treatment was observed. Such a negative effect on the thermal stability of VLPs preserved with thimerosal was shown to be dependent on the thimerosal concentration. Two highly neutralizing antibodies, 13H12 and 3C3, were found to be the most sensitive to thimerosal treatment. The kinetics of antigenicity loss, when monitored with 13H12 or 3C3 as probes, yielded two distinctly different sets of kinetic parameters, while the data from both monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) followed a biphasic exponential decay model. The potential effect of thimerosal on protein function, particularly for thiol-containing proteinaceous active components, needs to be comprehensively characterized during formulation development when a preservative is necessary. Altered antigenicity of thimerosal-treated HPV VLPs was observed with antibodies. Antigenicity reduction and capsid destabilization were concentration dependent. The kinetics of epitope-specific antigenicity loss were monitored in real time. The reduced antigenicity of adjuvant-adsorbed antigens was visualized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yike Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Mingxi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Yufang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Zhijie Lin
- Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Huirong Pan
- Xiamen Innovax Biotech Company, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Mujin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Ting Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China.,School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fu C, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris JW, He S, He W, He X, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sheikh AI, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Observation of D_{s}^{±}/D^{0} Enhancement in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:092301. [PMID: 34506181 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurement of charm-strange meson D_{s}^{±} production at midrapidity in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV from the STAR experiment. The yield ratio between strange (D_{s}^{±}) and nonstrange (D^{0}) open-charm mesons is presented and compared to model calculations. A significant enhancement, relative to a pythia simulation of p+p collisions, is observed in the D_{s}^{±}/D^{0} yield ratio in Au+Au collisions over a large range of collision centralities. Model calculations incorporating abundant strange-quark production in the quark-gluon plasma and coalescence hadronization qualitatively reproduce the data. The transverse-momentum integrated yield ratio of D_{s}^{±}/D^{0} at midrapidity is consistent with a prediction from a statistical hadronization model with the parameters constrained by the yields of light and strange hadrons measured at the same collision energy. These results suggest that the coalescence of charm quarks with strange quarks in the quark-gluon plasma plays an important role in D_{s}^{±}-meson production in heavy-ion collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Edmonds
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - C Fu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - X He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - P Huo
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | | | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Song A, Zhao H, Yang Y, Liu S, Nie M, Wang O, Xing X. Safety and efficacy of common vitamin D supplementation in primary hyperparathyroidism and coexistent vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 2021; 44:1667-1677. [PMID: 33453021 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-020-01473-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is characterized by excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Vitamin D deficiency can stimulate parathyroid secretion. However, whether to correct vitamin D deficiency in patients with PHPT is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vitamin D replacement in patients with PHPT. METHODS We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The relevant data were extracted from the included documents. The methodological items for non-randomized studies score entries were used for evaluation of quality. Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0 were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS A total of 11 articles were included with a total of 388 patients. The serum calcium mean difference (MD) was - 0.06 mg/dL [95% confidence interval (95% CI) - 0.16, 0.04]. Subgroup analysis showed that serum calcium levels did not change if the intervention time exceeded 1 month. The 24-h urinary calcium MD was 36.78 mg/day (95% CI - 37.15, 110.71), which indicated that there was no significant effect of vitamin D supplementation on 24-h urinary calcium levels. The MD of PTH was - 16.01 pg/mL (95% CI - 28.79, - 3.24). Subgroup analysis according to the intervention time showed that vitamin D intervention for more than 1 month significantly reduced PTH levels. The ALP MD was - 10.81 U/L (95% CI - 13.98, - 7.63), which indicated Vitamin D supplementation reduced its level. The MD of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 22.09 μg/L (95% CI 15.01, 29.17), and no source of heterogeneity was found. CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplementation in patients with PHPT and vitamin D deficiency significantly reduces PTH and ALP levels without causing hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Song
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - H Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Y Yang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - S Liu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - O Wang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - X Xing
- Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gopal K, Grosnick D, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harris JW, He S, He W, He X, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kisiel A, Klein SR, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shen F, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurement of e^{+}e^{-} Momentum and Angular Distributions from Linearly Polarized Photon Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:052302. [PMID: 34397228 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.052302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Breit-Wheeler process which produces matter and antimatter from photon collisions is experimentally investigated through the observation of 6085 exclusive electron-positron pairs in ultraperipheral Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The measurements reveal a large fourth-order angular modulation of cos4Δϕ=(16.8±2.5)% and smooth invariant mass distribution absent of vector mesons (ϕ, ω, and ρ) at the experimental limit of ≤0.2% of the observed yields. The differential cross section as a function of e^{+}e^{-} pair transverse momentum P_{⊥} peaks at low value with sqrt[⟨P_{⊥}^{2}⟩]=38.1±0.9 MeV and displays a significant centrality dependence. These features are consistent with QED calculations for the collision of linearly polarized photons quantized from the extremely strong electromagnetic fields generated by the highly charged Au nuclei at ultrarelativistic speed. The experimental results have implications for vacuum birefringence and for mapping the magnetic field which is important for emergent QCD phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J D Brandenburg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Edmonds
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
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- American University of Cairo, New Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
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- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
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- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
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- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - S R Klein
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
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| | - J M Landgraf
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
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- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
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- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - F Shen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
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- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
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- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05314-970, Brazil
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
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- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
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- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
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- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
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- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
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- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Wu Y, Huang X, Yuan L, Wang S, Zhang Y, Xiong H, Chen R, Ma J, Qi R, Nie M, Xu J, Zhang Z, Chen L, Wei M, Zhou M, Cai M, Shi Y, Zhang L, Yu H, Hong J, Wang Z, Hong Y, Yue M, Li Z, Chen D, Zheng Q, Li S, Chen Y, Cheng T, Zhang J, Zhang T, Zhu H, Zhao Q, Yuan Q, Guan Y, Xia N. A recombinant spike protein subunit vaccine confers protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in hamsters. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:scitranslmed.abg1143. [PMID: 34285130 PMCID: PMC9836081 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg1143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Multiple safe and effective vaccines that elicit immune responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are necessary to respond to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Here, we developed a protein subunit vaccine composed of spike ectodomain protein (StriFK) plus a nitrogen bisphosphonate-modified zinc-aluminum hybrid adjuvant (FH002C). StriFK-FH002C generated substantially higher neutralizing antibody titers in mice, hamsters, and cynomolgus monkeys than those observed in plasma isolated from COVID-19 convalescent individuals. StriFK-FH002C also induced both TH1- and TH2-polarized helper T cell responses in mice. In hamsters, StriFK-FH002C immunization protected animals against SARS-CoV-2 challenge, as shown by the absence of virus-induced weight loss, fewer symptoms of disease, and reduced lung pathology. Vaccination of hamsters with StriFK-FH002C also reduced within-cage virus transmission to unvaccinated, cohoused hamsters. In summary, StriFK-FH002C represents an effective, protein subunit-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Lunzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Yali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Rirong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Joint Institute of Virology (Shantou University and University of Hong Kong), Guangdong-Hongkong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Ruoyao Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Liqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Joint Institute of Virology (Shantou University and University of Hong Kong), Guangdong-Hongkong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Min Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Minping Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Joint Institute of Virology (Shantou University and University of Hong Kong), Guangdong-Hongkong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Yang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Huan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Joint Institute of Virology (Shantou University and University of Hong Kong), Guangdong-Hongkong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China
| | - Junping Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Zikang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Yunda Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Mingxi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Zonglin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Dabing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Tong Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China.,Corresponding author. (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (H.Z.); (Q. Zhao); (Q.Y.); (Y.G.); (N.X.)
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China.,Corresponding author. (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (H.Z.); (Q. Zhao); (Q.Y.); (Y.G.); (N.X.)
| | - Huachen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Joint Institute of Virology (Shantou University and University of Hong Kong), Guangdong-Hongkong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China.,Corresponding author. (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (H.Z.); (Q. Zhao); (Q.Y.); (Y.G.); (N.X.)
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China.,Corresponding author. (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (H.Z.); (Q. Zhao); (Q.Y.); (Y.G.); (N.X.)
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China.,Corresponding author. (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (H.Z.); (Q. Zhao); (Q.Y.); (Y.G.); (N.X.)
| | - Yi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China.,Joint Institute of Virology (Shantou University and University of Hong Kong), Guangdong-Hongkong Joint Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, P. R. China.,Corresponding author. (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (H.Z.); (Q. Zhao); (Q.Y.); (Y.G.); (N.X.)
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences & School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, P. R. China.,Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China.,Corresponding author. (J.Z.); (T.Z.); (H.Z.); (Q. Zhao); (Q.Y.); (Y.G.); (N.X.)
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams J, Adkins J, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal M, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson D, Aparin A, Aschenauer E, Ashraf M, Atetalla F, Attri A, Averichev G, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland L, Bordyuzhin I, Brandenburg J, Brandin A, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan B, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen J, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford H, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich T, Deppner I, Derevschikov A, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg J, Dunlop J, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng C, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi C, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad A, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris J, He S, He W, He X, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang H, Huang S, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic T, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs W, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd E, Kabana S, Kabir M, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke H, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak Y, Kikoła D, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn T, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski L, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur J, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf J, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee J, Leung Y, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa M, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope W, Longacre R, Lukow N, Luo S, Luo X, Ma G, Ma L, Ma R, Ma Y, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis H, Mazer J, Minaev N, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mondal M, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov D, Nagy M, Nam J, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson J, Nemes D, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach L, Nonaka T, Nunes A, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov V, Page B, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér R, Pluta J, Pokhrel B, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi N, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan S, Ramachandran S, Ray R, Reed R, Ritter H, Rogachevskiy O, Romero J, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo N, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke W, Schmitz N, Schweid B, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan P, Shao M, Sheikh A, Shen W, Shi S, Shi Y, Shou Q, Sichtermann E, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka H, Srivastava B, Stanislaus T, Stefaniak M, Stewart D, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide A, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun X, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida D, Szymanski P, Tang A, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas J, Timmins A, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel C, Trentalange S, Tribble R, Tribedy P, Tripathy S, Tsai O, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood D, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev A, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin S, Wang F, Wang G, Wang J, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb J, Weidenkaff P, Wen L, Westfall G, Wieman H, Wissink S, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao Z, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu Q, Xu Y, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Measurement of transverse single-spin asymmetries of
π0
and electromagnetic jets at forward rapidity in 200 and 500 GeV transversely polarized proton-proton collisions. Int J Clin Exp Med 2021. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.103.092009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Ghimire N, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris JW, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Pokhrel BR, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sheikh AI, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Global Polarization of Ξ and Ω Hyperons in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:162301. [PMID: 33961449 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Global polarization of Ξ and Ω hyperons has been measured for the first time in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. The measurements of the Ξ^{-} and Ξ[over ¯]^{+} hyperon polarization have been performed by two independent methods, via analysis of the angular distribution of the daughter particles in the parity violating weak decay Ξ→Λ+π, as well as by measuring the polarization of the daughter Λ hyperon, polarized via polarization transfer from its parent. The polarization, obtained by combining the results from the two methods and averaged over Ξ^{-} and Ξ[over ¯]^{+}, is measured to be ⟨P_{Ξ}⟩=0.47±0.10(stat)±0.23(syst)% for the collision centrality 20%-80%. The ⟨P_{Ξ}⟩ is found to be slightly larger than the inclusive Λ polarization and in reasonable agreement with a multiphase transport model. The ⟨P_{Ξ}⟩ is found to follow the centrality dependence of the vorticity predicted in the model, increasing toward more peripheral collisions. The global polarization of Ω, ⟨P_{Ω}⟩=1.11±0.87(stat)±1.97(syst)% was obtained by measuring the polarization of daughter Λ in the decay Ω→Λ+K, assuming the polarization transfer factor C_{ΩΛ}=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Chu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Edmonds
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - N Ghimire
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - X Gou
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S He
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - T J Humanic
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - P Huo
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - B R Pokhrel
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
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- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen J, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Chu X, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben A, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gopal K, Gou X, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harabasz S, Harris JW, He S, He W, He XH, He Y, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kumar S, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Nunes AS, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Sheikh AI, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shi Y, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yu Y, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang C, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Nonmonotonic Energy Dependence of Net-Proton Number Fluctuations. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:092301. [PMID: 33750161 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonmonotonic variation with collision energy (sqrt[s_{NN}]) of the moments of the net-baryon number distribution in heavy-ion collisions, related to the correlation length and the susceptibilities of the system, is suggested as a signature for the quantum chromodynamics critical point. We report the first evidence of a nonmonotonic variation in the kurtosis times variance of the net-proton number (proxy for net-baryon number) distribution as a function of sqrt[s_{NN}] with 3.1 σ significance for head-on (central) gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions measured solenoidal tracker at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data in noncentral Au+Au collisions and models of heavy-ion collisions without a critical point show a monotonic variation as a function of sqrt[s_{NN}].
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
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- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
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- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
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- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - A Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - C A Gagliardi
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
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- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
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- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
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- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
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- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383, USA
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Harabasz
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
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- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - X H He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Y He
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
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- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
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- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - T J Humanic
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
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- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Ji
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Kabana
- Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Kumar
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | | | - J H Kwasizur
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - C Li
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - S Margetis
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A S Nunes
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Oh
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | | | - S Ramachandran
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055, USA
| | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA
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- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
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- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - A I Sheikh
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Y Shi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05314-970, Brazil
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - X Sun
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A R Timmins
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178, USA
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
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- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - S A Voloshin
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA
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- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402, USA
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Z Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251, USA
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Y Yu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - C Zhang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X P Zhang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Z Zhang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Gao YJ, Sun B, Lu L, Wu XY, Mao JF, Wang X, Tong AL, Chen S, Nie M. [Prevalence and related factors of dyslipidemia in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:127-130. [PMID: 33455128 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200723-02199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the prevalence and the related factors of dyslipidemia in 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) patients. Methods: A total of 205 patients with 21-OHD were recruited in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2016 to January 2018. The basic information, glucocorticoid replacement therapy, and laboratory examination results of patients were obtained from medical records. The genotypes of CYP21A2 were identified by Sanger sequencing and multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification. The prevalence of dyslipidemia among 21-OHD patients, basic information and related hormone levels of 21-OHD patients with different status of blood lipid were described. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the related factors of dyslipidemia in 21-OHD patients. Results: The age of subjects was 17.0 (8.3, 25.0) years old, including 51 males (24.9%). According to CYP21A2 genotypes, there were 16 cases in Null group, 26 cases in Group A, 105 cases in group B, 27 cases in group C, and 31 cases in group D. The incidence of dyslipidemia was 29.3% (60/205), among which 37.3% (19/51) in male and 26.6% (41/154) in female patients, respectively. The M (Q1, Q3) of total cortisol level (nmol/L) and body mass index (kg/m2) of male 21-OHD patients with dyslipidemia were 0.17 (0.06, 0.35) and 25.76 (17.01, 30.45), respectively, which were higher than those with ortholiposis [0.04 (0.02, 0.21) and 18.83 (16.53, 23.88)] (all P<0.05). The M (Q1, Q3) of progesterone level (nmol/L), body mass index (kg/m2) and age (years) of female 21-OHD patients with dyslipidemia were 74.40 (50.97, 98.52), 23.09 (21.78, 27.78) and 23.00 (16.50, 28.00), respectively, which were higher than those with ortholiposis [52.81 (33.41, 68.85), 21.55 (18.63, 25.71) and 18.00 (9.50, 25.00)] (all P<0.05). The risk of dyslipidemia increased by 5.0% [OR (95%CI): 1.05 (1.01, 1.09)] for every 1 nmol/L increase of progesterone. Conclusion: The incidence of dyslipidemia is high in 21-OHD patients, and progesterone level is positively correlated with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - B Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Y Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J F Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - A L Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
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Liu J, Chen S, Quan T, Wang Y, Wang O, Nie M, Jiang Y, Li M, Xing X, Xia W. Bone microstructure of adult patients with non-surgical hypoparathyroidism assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:2219-2230. [PMID: 32623488 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05506-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED There is limited evidence regarding changes in bone microstructure in patients with hypoparathyroidism. In the current study, we used a non-invasive technique to assess bone structure in hypoparathyroidism patients and discovered site-specific changes which were mainly influenced by age and menstrual status. Such changes were more prominent in the trabeculae as well as in non-surgical as opposed to post-surgical patients. INTRODUCTION Hypoparathyroidism (hypoPT) is a rare disease characterized by the lack of parathyroid hormone. There is limited evidence regarding changes in bone microstructure in patients with non-surgical hypoPT. We investigated bone microstructure of patients with non-surgical hypoPT using a non-invasive technique. METHODS Patients with hypoPT were assessed using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and compared to age- and sex-matched healthy controls randomly selected from a pre-existing HR-pQCT database in a cross-sectional study. Preliminary comparison between patients with different etiologies of hypoPT was performed. Associations between bone microstructure and clinical parameters were investigated using correlation and regression analyses. RESULTS A total of 94 patients with non-surgical hypoPT were recruited. Patients displayed an increase in trabecular volumetric BMD of the tibia (170.57 ± 34.32 vs. 156.48 ± 40.55 mg HA/cm3, p = 0.011) and increase in trabecular number of both the radius (1.48 ± 0.29 vs. 1.36 ± 0.22 mm-1, p = 0.003) and tibia (1.42 ± 0.23 vs. 1.24 ± 0.22 mm-1, p < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. Trabecular number was higher for non-surgical hypoPT compared to post-surgical hypoPT (1.37 ± 0.25 and 1.17 ± 0.13 mm-1, p = 0.022). Trends towards increase in cortical volumetric BMD were only present for post-menopausal female and male patients above the age of 50. For female patients, cortical volumetric BMD and area increased with age and decreased after menopause. For males, age had little influence on bone microstructure, but cortical porosity increased with longer treatment durations. CONCLUSIONS Results from this pilot study suggested that both cortical and trabecular bone were altered in this group of patients with hypoPT. Etiology for hypoPT might influence bone microstructure, mainly on trabeculae. Age, menstrual status, and treatment duration were likely to influence bone microstructure in hypoPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - T Quan
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
- Department of Radiology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - O Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Y Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - M Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - X Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - W Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of the Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shuaifuyuan No.1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Li T, Zheng Q, Yu H, Wu D, Xue W, Xiong H, Huang X, Nie M, Yue M, Rong R, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Zha Z, Chen T, Deng T, Wang Y, Zhang T, Chen Y, Yuan Q, Zhao Q, Zhang J, Gu Y, Li S, Xia N. SARS-CoV-2 spike produced in insect cells elicits high neutralization titres in non-human primates. Emerg Microbes Infect 2020; 9:2076-2090. [PMID: 32897177 PMCID: PMC7534368 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1821583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was the result of the rapid transmission of a highly pathogenic coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), for which there is no efficacious vaccine or therapeutic. Toward the development of a vaccine, here we expressed and evaluated as potential candidates four versions of the spike (S) protein using an insect cell expression system: receptor binding domain (RBD), S1 subunit, the wild-type S ectodomain (S-WT), and the prefusion trimer-stabilized form (S-2P). We showed that RBD appears as a monomer in solution, whereas S1, S-WT, and S-2P associate as homotrimers with substantial glycosylation. Cryo-electron microscopy analyses suggested that S-2P assumes an identical trimer conformation as the similarly engineered S protein expressed in 293 mammalian cells but with reduced glycosylation. Overall, the four proteins confer excellent antigenicity with convalescent COVID-19 patient sera in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), yet show distinct reactivities in immunoblotting. RBD, S-WT and S-2P, but not S1, induce high neutralization titres (>3-log) in mice after a three-round immunization regimen. The high immunogenicity of S-2P could be maintained at the lowest dose (1 μg) with the inclusion of an aluminium adjuvant. Higher doses (20 μg) of S-2P can elicit high neutralization titres in non-human primates that exceed 40-times the mean titres measured in convalescent COVID-19 subjects. Our results suggest that the prefusion trimer-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 S-protein from insect cells may offer a potential candidate strategy for the development of a recombinant COVID-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Dinghui Wu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Hualong Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Meifeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxi Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Rong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Sibo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangtao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaojuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghui Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingbin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinjian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Life Sciences, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Disease, Xiamen University, Xiamen, People's Republic of China.,The Research Unit of Frontier Technology of Structural Vaccinology of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, People's Republic of China
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Nie M, Sun H, Tian X, Liao J, Xue Z, Zhao Z, Xia F, Luo J. Preparation of PtAuFe/C composite catalyst and performance for hydrogen evolution reaction. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Gao YJ, Yu BQ, Lu L, Wu XY, Mao JF, Wang X, Tong AL, Chen S, Nie M. [Clinical characteristics of testicular adrenal rest tumor and factors associated with its occurrence in 21-hydroxylase deficiency patients]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:1850-1855. [PMID: 32575926 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20191104-02389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the occurrence and clinical characteristics of testicular adrenal rest tumor (TART) in 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) patients, and further explore the possible factors related to the occurrence of TART. Methods: Twenty-seven male 21-OHD patients who visited Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January to December 2018 were enrolled and their clinical and biochemical data were collected. The CYP21A2 mutations were identified by Sanger sequencing and multiple ligation probe amplification (MLPA). Patients were divided into different subgroups according to the residual activity of 21-hydroxylase: Null (residual enzymatic activity 0, 3 cases), group A (0-<1%, 9 cases), group B (1%-5%, 7 cases), group C (20%-50%, 2 cases) and group D (6 cases). The ultrasound of testis was used to detect whether there was TART and its morphological characteristics. Results: Among 27 patients with 21-OHD [average age (17.4±9.3) years], 55.6% (15/27) had TART lesions, most of them were adolescents, and the youngest was only 4 years old. The lesions were mostly bilateral and hypoechoic. The levels of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) and progesterone in patients with TART were higher than those in patients without TART [17-OHP: 199.6 (62.1, 232.7) nmol/L vs 7.4 (3.2, 105.0) nmol/L, P=0.003; progesterone: 97.1 (42.0, 126.8) nmol/L vs 5.4 (0.7, 20.0) nmol/L, P=0.004]. There was a correlation between the occurrence of TART and genotype of CYP21A2. Patients with Null and A genotypes were more likely to have TART than those with B and C genotypes (8/12 vs 4/9, P=0.021). Conclusions: TART is common in 21-OHD male patients, which is related to 17-OHP and CYP21A2 genotype. It is of great significance for the early screening of TART in 21-OHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - B Q Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Y Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J F Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - A L Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
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Nie M, Sun H, Gao Z, Li Q, Xue Z, Luo J, Liao J. Co–Ni nanowires supported on porous alumina as an electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chen D, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen Z, Cheng J, Cherney M, Chevalier M, Choudhury S, Christie W, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Daugherity M, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben J, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng CJ, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Francisco A, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gopal K, Grosnick D, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harris JW, He W, He X, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hoffman E, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Hu Y, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Isenhower D, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kabir ML, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kimelman B, Kincses D, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kiselev A, Kisiel A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Lan S, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Leung YH, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lin Y, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Longacre RS, Lukow NS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Mazer JA, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mohanty B, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nagy M, Nam JD, Nasim M, Nayak K, Neff D, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Pandav A, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinsky L, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Qiu H, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Sahoo NR, Sako H, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Sato S, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shen F, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang JS, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wang Z, Webb JC, Weidenkaff PC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Y, Xu Z, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang D, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang ZJ, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. First Measurement of Λ_{c} Baryon Production in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:172301. [PMID: 32412276 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.172301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurement of the charmed baryon Λ_{c}^{±} production at midrapidity (|y|<1) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV collected by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The Λ_{c}/D^{0} [denoting (Λ_{c}^{+}+Λ_{c}^{-})/(D^{0}+D[over ¯]^{0})] yield ratio is measured to be 1.08±0.16 (stat)±0.26 (sys) in the 0%-20% most central Au+Au collisions for the transverse momentum (p_{T}) range 3<p_{T}<6 GeV/c. This is significantly larger than the pythia model calculations for p+p collisions. The measured Λ_{c}/D^{0} ratio, as a function of p_{T} and collision centrality, is comparable to the baryon-to-meson ratios for light and strange hadrons in Au+Au collisions. Model calculations including coalescence hadronization for charmed baryon and meson formation reproduce the features of our measured Λ_{c}/D^{0} ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M U Ashraf
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J D Brandenburg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Chen
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Chen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Chevalier
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | | | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - M Daugherity
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Edmonds
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C J Feng
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Francisco
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W He
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - X He
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - E Hoffman
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Y Hu
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - P Huo
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - M L Kabir
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - B Kimelman
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kiselev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Lan
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y H Leung
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Y Lin
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N S Lukow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Nagy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J D Nam
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - D Neff
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Pandav
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - L Pinsky
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - R L Pintér
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - H Qiu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - H Sako
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - S Sato
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801106, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - F Shen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J S Wang
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Wang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Xu
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z J Zhang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Gao YJ, Yu BQ, Lu L, Wu XY, Mao JF, Wang X, Tong AL, Chen S, Nie M. [Detection of CYP21A2 gene mutations and the differences in the levels of hormones in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 100:586-592. [PMID: 32164112 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the detection of CYP21A2 gene mutations in 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) patients, so as to determine the accuracy of clinical diagnosis. Methods: Totally, 514 patients with 21-OHD who visited Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled and their clinical and biochemical data were collected. DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes and CYP21A2 mutations were detected by Sanger sequencing and multiple ligation probe amplification (MLPA) technique. We divided 514 patients into three groups: two mutations of CYP21A2 alleles (group A), one mutation of CYP21A2 (group B), and no mutation of CYP21A2 (group C). Results: Mutation was detected in each allele of CYP21A2 gene in 401 (78.0%) patients, ninety (17.5%) had only one mutant allele and 23 (4.5%) had no mutation. There was no significant difference between the patients with different clinical phenotypes and the number of CYP21A2 gene mutations detected. In male, the cortisol of the patients with simple virilizing 21-OHD in group A [0.04 (0.02, 0.20) nmol/L] was lower than that of group B [0.24 (0.17, 0.28) nmol/L] and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.014). In female, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) of patients with salt wasting 21-OHD in group A [153.7 (90.1, 204.5) nmol/L] was higher than that of group B [38.2 (31.0, 183.3) nmol/L] and C [42.6 (27.8, 48.1) nmol/L] and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). The progesterone of patients with simple virilizing 21-OHD in group C [23.0 (8.6, 33.2) nmol/L] was lower than that of gourp A [57.8 (34.4, 110.2) nmol/L] and B [63.6 (31.4, 110.8) nmol/L] and the difference were statistically significant (both P<0.05). The 17-OHP of patients with non-classical 21-OHD in group C [24.5 (20.4, 54.2) nmol/L] was lower than that of group A [158.7 (59.1, 187.6) nmol/L] and B [147.8 (131.9, 179.3) nmol/L]. The difference were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Conclusions: Mutations of two alleles have not been found in all patients with clinically diagnosed 21-OHD. Other congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) types which can cause similar changes in 17-OHP and other hormones may be misdiagnosed as 21-OHD. Therefore, 21-OHD cannot be diagnosed with help of 17-OHP level only, and gene detection plays a vital role in the differential diagnosis of different CAH types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, National Health Commission, Beijing 100730, China
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Wang W, Nie M, Jiang Y, Li M, Meng X, Xing X, Wang O, Xia W. Impaired geometry, volumetric density, and microstructure of cortical and trabecular bone assessed by HR-pQCT in both sporadic and MEN1-related primary hyperparathyroidism. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:165-173. [PMID: 31642976 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05186-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study evaluated bone features of PHPT using HR-pQCT. The results showed both cortical and trabecular bones were significantly impaired in PHPT patients. Male and female PHPT patients suffered similar damages in bone. HR-pQCT indices were not observed to differ in MEN1 and sporadic PHPT patients. INTRODUCTION High-resolution peripheral quantitative CT is a novel imaging technique used to separately assess trabecular and cortical bone status of the radius and tibia in vivo. Using HR-pQCT, we aimed to evaluate bone features of primary hyperparathyroidism patients in a Chinese population and reveal similarities and differences in bone features in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1-related PHPT and sporadic PHPT patients in the Chinese population. METHODS A case-control study was designed. In 58 PHPT patients and 58 sex- and age-matched healthy controls, the distal radius and tibia were scanned using HR-pQCT. Areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was also determined in PHPT patients using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS In comparison with controls, PHPT patients were observed to exhibit reduced volumetric BMD at the cortical and trabecular compartments, thinner cortices, and more widely spaced trabeculae. Significant differences were still observed when comparing data of female and male patients with age-matched controls separately. MHPT patients (n = 11) were found to have lower aBMD Z-scores in the lumbar spine, trochanteric region, and total hip compared with sporadic PHPT patients (n = 47), while no differences were observed in HR-pQCT indices between the two groups. In multiple linear regression models, no significant correlations were identified between PTH and HR-pQCT indices. However, height was found to positively correlate with HR-pQCT-derived trabecular indices at both the radius and tibia. CONCLUSIONS PHPT affects geometry, volumetric density, and microstructure in both the cortical and trabecular bones in both male and female Chinese patients. MHPT patients were observed to have reduced aBMD as determined by DXA in the lumbar spine and hip in comparison with sporadic PHPT patients. However, HR-pQCT indices were not observed to differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wang
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - M Nie
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Y Jiang
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - M Li
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - X Meng
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - X Xing
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - O Wang
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - W Xia
- Key laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shuai Fuyuan 1#, Dongdan, Dongcheng district, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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Gao YJ, Yu BQ, Lu L, Wu XY, Mao JF, Wang X, Tong AL, Chen S, Nie M. [Analysis of copy number variation of CYP21A2 gene and the type of CYP21A1P/ CYP21A2 fused gene in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:3765-3769. [PMID: 31874511 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.48.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the copy number variation of CYP21A2 gene in 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) patients, and identify the three copy repetition, single copy deletion of CYP21A2 gene and the type and proportion of CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 fused gene in 21-OHD patients. Methods: A total of 424 patients (140 males and 284 females) with 21-OHD who visited Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled and the average age was (17.1±12.4) years. All clinical and biochemical data were collected. DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes, and CYP21A2 gene mutation and copy number variation were detected by Sanger sequencing and multiple ligation probe amplification (MLPA). Results: Of 424 21-OHD patients, 287 (67.7%) had two copies of CYP21A2 gene, 137 (32.3%) had copy number variation, of which 1 patients (0.2%) had 3 copies of CYP21A2 gene and 136 (32.1%) were carriers of large deletion/rearrangement mutation of CYP21A2 gene. Three pathogenic mutations including a truncated Q319X protein mutation were detected in the patient with 3 copies of CYP21A2 gene. Of 136 patients with large deletion/rearrangement mutation of CYP21A2 gene, 82 (60.3%) carried fused CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 gene, and the remaining 54 harbored the one allele deletion of CYP21A2. The most common types of fused CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 gene were CH-5, CH-1 and CH-2, with the frequency being 31.7% (26 cases), 26.8% (22 cases) and 19.5% (16 cases), respectively, and followed by CH-4 and CH-7, with the incidence being 8.5% (7 cases) and 4.9% (4 cases), respectively. In addition, two cases of CH-3, CH-6 and CH-8 and one case of CH-9 were detected. Conclusions: This is the first study to detect the occurrence of CYP21A2 gene copy number variation and fused CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 gene in a large cohort of 21-OHD patients. The number of CYP21A2 gene copies in 21-OHD patients includes 2 copies, 1 copy deletion and 3 copies duplication. One copy deletion of CYP21A2 includes one allele deletion of CYP21A2 gene and fused CYP21A1P/CYP21A2 gene. In patients with 3 copies of CYP21A2 gene, pathogenic mutations should be verified in all 3 copies of CYP21A2 gene to make the precise diagnosis. Therefore, the accurate molecular diagnosis of 21-OHD patients should take both genotype and copy number variation of CYP21A2 into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y J Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - B Q Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - L Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Y Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J F Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - A L Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - S Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing 100730, China
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla FG, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Bassill AJ, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bryslawskyj J, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Das S, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben J, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gopal K, Greiner L, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lipiec A, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Matonoha O, Mazer JA, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nasim M, Nayak K, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Schambach J, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shen F, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Siejka S, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szelezniak MA, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Tawfik A, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu B, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang D, Zhang L, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. First Observation of the Directed Flow of D^{0} and D^{0}[over ¯] in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:162301. [PMID: 31702332 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurement of rapidity-odd directed flow (v_{1}) for D^{0} and D^{0}[over ¯] mesons at midrapidity (|y|<0.8) in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV using the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. In 10-80% Au+Au collisions, the slope of the v_{1} rapidity dependence (dv_{1}/dy), averaged over D^{0} and D^{0}[over ¯] mesons, is -0.080±0.017(stat)±0.016(syst) for transverse momentum p_{T} above 1.5 GeV/c. The absolute value of D^{0} meson dv_{1}/dy is about 25 times larger than that for charged kaons, with 3.4σ significance. These data give a unique insight into the initial tilt of the produced matter, and offer constraints on the geometric and transport parameters of the hot QCD medium created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Aoyama
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | | | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A J Bassill
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J D Brandenburg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | | | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - S Das
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Edmonds
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - L Greiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - P Huo
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Tirupati, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Ji
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Lipiec
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - O Matonoha
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Md Nasim
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Berhampur 760010, India
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Oh
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R L Pintér
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Indian Institute Technology, Patna, Bihar 801103, India
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - F Shen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Siejka
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - T Sugiura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - M A Szelezniak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - A Tawfik
- Nile University, ECPT, 12677 Giza, Egypt
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S K Tripathy
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - B Tu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla F, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Bassill AJ, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bryslawskyj J, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Crawford HJ, Csanád M, Das S, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben J, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Gopal K, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jena C, Jentsch A, Ji Y, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Khyzhniak YV, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga Mudiyanselage N, Kumar L, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lipiec A, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu T, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Matonoha O, Mazer JA, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nasim M, Nayak K, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pawlowska D, Pei H, Perkins C, Pintér RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Schambach J, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shen F, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Siejka S, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stefaniak M, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu B, Tu Z, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Yang Z, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang D, Zhang L, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek M, Zyzak M. Polarization of Λ (Λ[over ¯]) Hyperons along the Beam Direction in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:132301. [PMID: 31697517 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.132301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The Λ (Λ[over ¯]) hyperon polarization along the beam direction has been measured in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV, for the first time in heavy-ion collisions. The polarization dependence on the hyperons' emission angle relative to the elliptic flow plane exhibits a second harmonic sine modulation, indicating a quadrupole pattern of the vorticity component along the beam direction, expected due to elliptic flow. The polarization is found to increase in more peripheral collisions, and shows no strong transverse momentum (p_{T}) dependence at p_{T} greater than 1 GeV/c. The magnitude of the signal is about 5 times smaller than those predicted by hydrodynamic and multiphase transport models; the observed phase of the emission angle dependence is also opposite to these model predictions. In contrast, the kinematic vorticity calculations in the blast-wave model tuned to reproduce particle spectra, elliptic flow, and the azimuthal dependence of the Gaussian source radii measured with the Hanbury Brown-Twiss intensity interferometry technique reproduce well the modulation phase measured in the data and capture the centrality and transverse momentum dependence of the polarization signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Aoyama
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A J Bassill
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - J D Brandenburg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanád
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - S Das
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Edmonds
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - K Gopal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- American Univerisity of Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - P Huo
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - C Jena
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati 517507, India
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - Y Ji
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Y V Khyzhniak
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Lipiec
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - T Liu
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - O Matonoha
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - S Oh
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - D Pawlowska
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R L Pintér
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - F Shen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Siejka
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - M Stefaniak
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - T Sugiura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - B Tu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Tu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Yang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla F, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bairathi V, Barish K, Bassill AJ, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Bryslawskyj J, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Sánchez MCDLB, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Crawford HJ, Csanad M, Das S, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Edmonds T, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben J, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Fedorisin J, Feng Y, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Grosnick D, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kelsey M, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kocan M, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kramarik L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Mudiyanselage NK, Kumar L, Elayavalli RK, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li W, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Licenik R, Lin T, Lipiec A, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu X, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Matonoha O, Mazer JA, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Moravcova Z, Morozov DA, Nasim M, Nayak K, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Page BS, Pak R, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinter RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Schambach J, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shen F, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Siejka S, Sikora R, Simko M, Singha S, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun Y, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu B, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Wang F, Wang G, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu H, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang D, Zhang L, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zurek MK, Zyzak M. Observation of Excess J/ψ Yield at Very Low Transverse Momenta in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV and U+U Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:132302. [PMID: 31697545 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.132302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurements of J/ψ production at very low transverse momentum (p_{T}<0.2 GeV/c) in hadronic Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV and U+U collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV. Remarkably, the inferred nuclear modification factor of J/ψ at midrapidity in Au+Au (U+U) collisions reaches about 24 (52) for p_{T}<0.05 GeV/c in the 60%-80% collision centrality class. This noteworthy enhancement cannot be explained by hadronic production accompanied by cold and hot medium effects. In addition, the dN/dt distribution of J/ψ for the very low p_{T} range is presented for the first time. The distribution is consistent with that expected from the Au nucleus and shows a hint of interference. Comparison of the measurements to theoretical calculations of coherent production shows that the excess yield can be described reasonably well and reveals a partial disruption of coherent production in semicentral collisions, perhaps due to the violent hadronic interactions. Incorporating theoretical calculations, the results strongly suggest that the dramatic enhancement of J/ψ yield observed at extremely low p_{T} originates from coherent photon-nucleus interactions. In particular, coherently produced J/ψ's in violent hadronic collisions may provide a novel probe of the quark-gluon plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Aoyama
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A J Bassill
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanad
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - S Das
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A A Derevschikov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - T Edmonds
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - Y Feng
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - P Huo
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - M Kelsey
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M Kocan
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - L K Kosarzewski
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - R Licenik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Lipiec
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Liu
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - O Matonoha
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - N G Minaev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - Z Moravcova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - D A Morozov
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - K Nayak
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - S Oh
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R L Pinter
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - F Shen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Siejka
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - T Sugiura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Sun
- Huzhou University, Zhejiang 313000
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - B Tu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute", Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - H Xu
- Huzhou University, Zhejiang 313000
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Z Ye
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - D Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - L Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M K Zurek
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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Wang Y, Nie M, Diwu Z, Lei Y, Li H, Bai X. Characterization of trehalose lipids produced by a unique environmental isolate bacteriumRhodococcus qingshengiistrain FF. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 127:1442-1453. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
| | - M. Nie
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
| | - Z. Diwu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
| | - Y. Lei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
| | - H. Li
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
| | - X. Bai
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Xi'an Shaanxi Province The People's Republic of China
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Ma WL, Wang X, Mao JF, Cheng XQ, Nie M, Liu ZX, Zheng JJ, Yu BQ, Hao M, Huang QB, Zhang R, Gao YJ, Wu XY. [Changes of sex hormones and sex hormone-binding globulin levels in male adults with hyperthyroidism before and after antithyroid drug treatment]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:1875-1880. [PMID: 31269583 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.24.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To observe the changes of sex hormone and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels in young male patients with hyperthyroidism before and after antithyroid drug (ATD) treatment. Methods: Between January 2015 and July 2016, forty male patients with hyperthyroidism aged 19-52 years (with an median age of 33.1 years) were enrolled in the Department of Endocrinology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Blood samples were taken before treatment and at 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 5 months after treatment to evaluate thyroid function, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone(T), free testosterone(FT), estradiol(E2), prolactin and SHBG. Results: A total of 40 patients were enrolled but only 35 patients completed the follow-up. The patients had high levels of thyroid function, SHBG and sex hormones before treatment. Before treatment, free thyroxine (FT(4)), free triiodothyronine (FT(3)), SHBG, LH, estradiol, testosterone and free testosterone was (0.30±0.12) pmol/L, (9.68±4.73) pmol/L, (146±111) nmol/L, (8.41±3.61) U/L, (19.9±7.7) pmol/L, (29.9±9.5) nmol/L and (0.24±0.08) nmol/L, respectively. After treatment, the level of triiodothyronine, thyroxine, FT(3) and FT(4) gradually decreased to normal (all P<0.001). Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) gradually increased to normal (P<0.001). LH and estradiol levels gradually decreased (all P<0.001). FSH decreased but the difference was not statistically significant. Prolactin did not change significantly. Testosterone and SHBG levels decreased significantly while the levels of free testosterone, free testosterone percentage (FT%), bio-available testosterone (BAT), bio-available testosterone percentage (BAT%), free androgen index (FAI) gradually increased and stabilized (all P<0.001). The difference was not statistically significant between T/LH and E2/LH before and after treatment (all P>0.05). However FT/LH gradually increased and its difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The levels of LH, estradiol, testosterone and SHBG in male patients with hyperthyroidism significantly increased, while the free testosterone level decreased, but they all gradually returned to normal with the lowering of thyroid hormone levels during ATD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- W L Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J F Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Q Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z X Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing 102218, China
| | - J J Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology, Beijing Hospital, Beijing 100730, China
| | - B Q Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - M Hao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Q B Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Y J Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Y Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
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50
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Adam J, Adamczyk L, Adams JR, Adkins JK, Agakishiev G, Aggarwal MM, Ahammed Z, Alekseev I, Anderson DM, Aoyama R, Aparin A, Arkhipkin D, Aschenauer EC, Ashraf MU, Atetalla F, Attri A, Averichev GS, Bai X, Bairathi V, Barish K, Bassill AJ, Behera A, Bellwied R, Bhasin A, Bhati AK, Bielcik J, Bielcikova J, Bland LC, Bordyuzhin IG, Brandenburg JD, Brandin AV, Brown D, Bryslawskyj J, Bunzarov I, Butterworth J, Caines H, Calderón de la Barca Sánchez M, Cebra D, Chakaberia I, Chaloupka P, Chan BK, Chang FH, Chang Z, Chankova-Bunzarova N, Chatterjee A, Chattopadhyay S, Chen JH, Chen X, Chen X, Cheng J, Cherney M, Christie W, Contin G, Crawford HJ, Csanad M, Das S, Dedovich TG, Deppner IM, Derevschikov AA, Didenko L, Dilks C, Dong X, Drachenberg JL, Dunlop JC, Efimov LG, Elsey N, Engelage J, Eppley G, Esha R, Esumi S, Evdokimov O, Ewigleben J, Eyser O, Fatemi R, Fazio S, Federic P, Federicova P, Fedorisin J, Filip P, Finch E, Fisyak Y, Flores CE, Fulek L, Gagliardi CA, Galatyuk T, Geurts F, Gibson A, Grosnick D, Gunarathne DS, Guo Y, Gupta A, Guryn W, Hamad AI, Hamed A, Harlenderova A, Harris JW, He L, Heppelmann S, Heppelmann S, Herrmann N, Hirsch A, Holub L, Hong Y, Horvat S, Huang B, Huang HZ, Huang SL, Huang T, Huang X, Humanic TJ, Huo P, Igo G, Jacobs WW, Jentsch A, Jia J, Jiang K, Jowzaee S, Ju X, Judd EG, Kabana S, Kagamaster S, Kalinkin D, Kang K, Kapukchyan D, Kauder K, Ke HW, Keane D, Kechechyan A, Kikoła DP, Kim C, Kinghorn TA, Kisel I, Kisiel A, Kochenda L, Kosarzewski LK, Kraishan AF, Kramarik L, Krauth L, Kravtsov P, Krueger K, Kulathunga N, Kumar L, Kunnawalkam Elayavalli R, Kvapil J, Kwasizur JH, Lacey R, Landgraf JM, Lauret J, Lebedev A, Lednicky R, Lee JH, Li C, Li W, Li X, Li Y, Liang Y, Lidrych J, Lin T, Lipiec A, Lisa MA, Liu F, Liu H, Liu P, Liu P, Liu Y, Liu Z, Ljubicic T, Llope WJ, Lomnitz M, Longacre RS, Luo S, Luo X, Ma GL, Ma L, Ma R, Ma YG, Magdy N, Majka R, Mallick D, Margetis S, Markert C, Matis HS, Matonoha O, Mazer JA, Meehan K, Mei JC, Minaev NG, Mioduszewski S, Mishra D, Mohanty B, Mondal MM, Mooney I, Morozov DA, Nasim M, Negrete JD, Nelson JM, Nemes DB, Nie M, Nigmatkulov G, Niida T, Nogach LV, Nonaka T, Odyniec G, Ogawa A, Oh K, Oh S, Okorokov VA, Olvitt D, Page BS, Pak R, Panebratsev Y, Pawlik B, Pei H, Perkins C, Pinter RL, Pluta J, Porter J, Posik M, Pruthi NK, Przybycien M, Putschke J, Quintero A, Radhakrishnan SK, Ramachandran S, Ray RL, Reed R, Ritter HG, Roberts JB, Rogachevskiy OV, Romero JL, Ruan L, Rusnak J, Rusnakova O, Sahoo NR, Sahu PK, Salur S, Sandweiss J, Schambach J, Schmah AM, Schmidke WB, Schmitz N, Schweid BR, Seck F, Seger J, Sergeeva M, Seto R, Seyboth P, Shah N, Shahaliev E, Shanmuganathan PV, Shao M, Shen F, Shen WQ, Shi SS, Shou QY, Sichtermann EP, Siejka S, Sikora R, Simko M, Singh J, Singha S, Smirnov D, Smirnov N, Solyst W, Sorensen P, Spinka HM, Srivastava B, Stanislaus TDS, Stewart DJ, Strikhanov M, Stringfellow B, Suaide AAP, Sugiura T, Sumbera M, Summa B, Sun XM, Sun X, Sun Y, Surrow B, Svirida DN, Szymanski P, Tang AH, Tang Z, Taranenko A, Tarnowsky T, Thomas JH, Timmins AR, Tlusty D, Todoroki T, Tokarev M, Tomkiel CA, Trentalange S, Tribble RE, Tribedy P, Tripathy SK, Tsai OD, Tu B, Ullrich T, Underwood DG, Upsal I, Van Buren G, Vanek J, Vasiliev AN, Vassiliev I, Videbæk F, Vokal S, Voloshin SA, Vossen A, Wang F, Wang G, Wang P, Wang Y, Wang Y, Webb JC, Wen L, Westfall GD, Wieman H, Wissink SW, Witt R, Wu Y, Xiao ZG, Xie G, Xie W, Xu J, Xu N, Xu QH, Xu YF, Xu Z, Yang C, Yang Q, Yang S, Yang Y, Ye Z, Ye Z, Yi L, Yip K, Yoo IK, Yu N, Zbroszczyk H, Zha W, Zhang J, Zhang J, Zhang L, Zhang S, Zhang S, Zhang XP, Zhang Y, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Zhong C, Zhou C, Zhu X, Zhu Z, Zyzak M. Azimuthal Harmonics in Small and Large Collision Systems at RHIC Top Energies. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:172301. [PMID: 31107064 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.172301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The first (v_{1}^{fluc}), second (v_{2}), and third (v_{3}) harmonic coefficients of the azimuthal particle distribution at midrapidity are extracted for charged hadrons and studied as a function of transverse momentum (p_{T}) and mean charged particle multiplicity density ⟨N_{ch}⟩ in U+U (sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV), Au+Au, Cu+Au, Cu+Cu, d+Au, and p+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV with the STAR detector. For the same ⟨N_{ch}⟩, the v_{1}^{fluc} and v_{3} coefficients are observed to be independent of the collision system, while v_{2} exhibits such a scaling only when normalized by the initial-state eccentricity (ϵ_{2}). The data also show that ln(v_{2}/ϵ_{2}) scales linearly with ⟨N_{ch}⟩^{-1/3}. These measurements provide insight into initial-geometry fluctuations and the role of viscous hydrodynamic attenuation on v_{n} from small to large collision systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Adam
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - L Adamczyk
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J R Adams
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J K Adkins
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - G Agakishiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - Z Ahammed
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | - I Alekseev
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D M Anderson
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - R Aoyama
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - A Aparin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D Arkhipkin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | | | | | - A Attri
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - G S Averichev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - X Bai
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - V Bairathi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - K Barish
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A J Bassill
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - A Behera
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Bellwied
- University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - A Bhasin
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - A K Bhati
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - J Bielcik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Bielcikova
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, Prague 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - L C Bland
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I G Bordyuzhin
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | | | - A V Brandin
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Brown
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - I Bunzarov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - H Caines
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - D Cebra
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Chakaberia
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - P Chaloupka
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - B K Chan
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - F-H Chang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Chang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - A Chatterjee
- Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, Kolkata 700064, India
| | | | - J H Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Chen
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - X Chen
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - J Cheng
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - M Cherney
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - W Christie
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - G Contin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - H J Crawford
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Csanad
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - S Das
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T G Dedovich
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - I M Deppner
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | | | - L Didenko
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Dilks
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X Dong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - J C Dunlop
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L G Efimov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - N Elsey
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - J Engelage
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - G Eppley
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - R Esha
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S Esumi
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - O Evdokimov
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - J Ewigleben
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - O Eyser
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Fatemi
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506-0055
| | - S Fazio
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - P Federic
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, Prague 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - P Federicova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J Fedorisin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - P Filip
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - E Finch
- Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven, Connecticut 06515
| | - Y Fisyak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C E Flores
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Fulek
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | | | - T Galatyuk
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - F Geurts
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - A Gibson
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | - D Grosnick
- Valparaiso University, Valparaiso, Indiana 46383
| | | | - Y Guo
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Gupta
- University of Jammu, Jammu 180001, India
| | - W Guryn
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A I Hamad
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Hamed
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Harlenderova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J W Harris
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - L He
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - S Heppelmann
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - S Heppelmann
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - N Herrmann
- University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - A Hirsch
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - L Holub
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - Y Hong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Horvat
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - B Huang
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - H Z Huang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - S L Huang
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - T Huang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - X Huang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | | | - P Huo
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - G Igo
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - W W Jacobs
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - A Jentsch
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - J Jia
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - K Jiang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Jowzaee
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - X Ju
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - E G Judd
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Kabana
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - S Kagamaster
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - D Kalinkin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - K Kang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - D Kapukchyan
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - K Kauder
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H W Ke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D Keane
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - A Kechechyan
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - D P Kikoła
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - C Kim
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - T A Kinghorn
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - I Kisel
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - A Kisiel
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - L Kochenda
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A F Kraishan
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - L Kramarik
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - L Krauth
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Kravtsov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - K Krueger
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | | | - L Kumar
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | | | - J Kvapil
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | | | - R Lacey
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - J M Landgraf
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Lauret
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - A Lebedev
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Lednicky
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - J H Lee
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - W Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Li
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Li
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Y Liang
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - J Lidrych
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - T Lin
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - A Lipiec
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - M A Lisa
- Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - F Liu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Liu
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Liu
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - P Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Y Liu
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Z Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - T Ljubicic
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - W J Llope
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - M Lomnitz
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R S Longacre
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Luo
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - X Luo
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G L Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - L Ma
- Fudan University, Shanghai 200433
| | - R Ma
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y G Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - N Magdy
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - R Majka
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - D Mallick
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | | | - C Markert
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - H S Matis
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - O Matonoha
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - J A Mazer
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - K Meehan
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - J C Mei
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - N G Minaev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | | | - D Mishra
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - B Mohanty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Jatni 752050, India
| | - M M Mondal
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - I Mooney
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - D A Morozov
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Md Nasim
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - J D Negrete
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - J M Nelson
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - D B Nemes
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - G Nigmatkulov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Niida
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - L V Nogach
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T Nonaka
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - G Odyniec
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - A Ogawa
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - K Oh
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - S Oh
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - V A Okorokov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - D Olvitt
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - B S Page
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - R Pak
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Panebratsev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - B Pawlik
- Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN, Cracow 31-342, Poland
| | - H Pei
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - C Perkins
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - R L Pinter
- Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary H-1117
| | - J Pluta
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - J Porter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - N K Pruthi
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - M Przybycien
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - J Putschke
- Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201
| | - A Quintero
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | | | | | - R L Ray
- University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712
| | - R Reed
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - H G Ritter
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | | | - J L Romero
- University of California, Davis, California 95616
| | - L Ruan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Rusnak
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, Prague 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - O Rusnakova
- Czech Technical University in Prague, FNSPE, Prague 115 19, Czech Republic
| | - N R Sahoo
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P K Sahu
- Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar 751005, India
| | - S Salur
- Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854
| | - J Sandweiss
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | | | - A M Schmah
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - W B Schmidke
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Schmitz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - B R Schweid
- State University of New York, Stony Brook, New York 11794
| | - F Seck
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64289, Germany
| | - J Seger
- Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68178
| | - M Sergeeva
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R Seto
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521
| | - P Seyboth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, Munich 80805, Germany
| | - N Shah
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E Shahaliev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - M Shao
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - F Shen
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - W Q Shen
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - S S Shi
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Q Y Shou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - E P Sichtermann
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S Siejka
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - R Sikora
- AGH University of Science and Technology, FPACS, Cracow 30-059, Poland
| | - M Simko
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, Prague 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - J Singh
- Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - S Singha
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - D Smirnov
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - N Smirnov
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - W Solyst
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - P Sorensen
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - H M Spinka
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - B Srivastava
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | | | - D J Stewart
- Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - M Strikhanov
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | | | - A A P Suaide
- Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil 05314-970
| | - T Sugiura
- University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan
| | - M Sumbera
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, Prague 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - B Summa
- Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - X M Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - X Sun
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Sun
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - B Surrow
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
| | - D N Svirida
- Alikhanov Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117218, Russia
| | - P Szymanski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - A H Tang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Z Tang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - T Tarnowsky
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - J H Thomas
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | | | - D Tlusty
- Rice University, Houston, Texas 77251
| | - T Todoroki
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - M Tokarev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | - C A Tomkiel
- Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015
| | - S Trentalange
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - R E Tribble
- Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - P Tribedy
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | | | - O D Tsai
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - B Tu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - T Ullrich
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - D G Underwood
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439
| | - I Upsal
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - G Van Buren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - J Vanek
- Nuclear Physics Institute AS CR, Prague 250 68, Czech Republic
| | - A N Vasiliev
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - I Vassiliev
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
| | - F Videbæk
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - S Vokal
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141 980, Russia
| | | | - A Vossen
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - F Wang
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - G Wang
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - P Wang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Y Wang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - Y Wang
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - J C Webb
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - L Wen
- University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - G D Westfall
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - H Wieman
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - S W Wissink
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408
| | - R Witt
- United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland 21402
| | - Y Wu
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242
| | - Z G Xiao
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - G Xie
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - W Xie
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - J Xu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - N Xu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Q H Xu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Y F Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - Z Xu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - C Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - Q Yang
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - S Yang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - Y Yang
- National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - Z Ye
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607
| | - L Yi
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - K Yip
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973
| | - I-K Yoo
- Pusan National University, Pusan 46241, Korea
| | - N Yu
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - H Zbroszczyk
- Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw 00-661, Poland
| | - W Zha
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - J Zhang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - J Zhang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000
| | - L Zhang
- Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079
| | - S Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - S Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | | | - Y Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026
| | - Z Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - J Zhao
- Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907
| | - C Zhong
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - C Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800
| | - X Zhu
- Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084
| | - Z Zhu
- Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237
| | - M Zyzak
- Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies FIAS, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
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