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Lüdke D, Roth C, Kamrad SA, Messerschmidt J, Hartken D, Appel J, Hörnich BF, Yan Q, Kusch S, Klenke M, Gunkel A, Wirthmueller L, Wiermer M. Functional requirement of the Arabidopsis importin-α nuclear transport receptor family in autoimmunity mediated by the NLR protein SNC1. Plant J 2021; 105:994-1009. [PMID: 33210758 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTIN-α3/MOS6 (MODIFIER OF SNC1, 6) is one of nine importin-α isoforms in Arabidopsis that recruit nuclear localization signal-containing cargo proteins to the nuclear import machinery. IMP-α3/MOS6 is required genetically for full autoimmunity of the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptor mutant snc1 (suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive 1) and MOS6 also contributes to basal disease resistance. Here, we investigated the contribution of the other importin-α genes to both types of immune responses, and we analyzed potential interactions of all importin-α isoforms with SNC1. By using reverse-genetic analyses in Arabidopsis and protein-protein interaction assays in Nicotiana benthamiana, we provide evidence that among the nine α-importins in Arabidopsis, IMP-α3/MOS6 is the main nuclear transport receptor of SNC1, and that IMP-α3/MOS6 is required selectively for autoimmunity of snc1 and basal resistance to mildly virulent Pseudomonas syringae in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lüdke
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Charlotte Roth
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Sieglinde A Kamrad
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jana Messerschmidt
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Denise Hartken
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jonas Appel
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Bojan F Hörnich
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Qiqi Yan
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Kusch
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Klenke
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Annette Gunkel
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Lennart Wirthmueller
- Biochemistry of Plant Interactions, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Marcel Wiermer
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
- Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions Research Group, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
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Roth C, Lüdke D, Klenke M, Quathamer A, Valerius O, Braus GH, Wiermer M. The truncated NLR protein TIR-NBS13 is a MOS6/IMPORTIN-α3 interaction partner required for plant immunity. Plant J 2017; 92:808-821. [PMID: 28901644 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Importin-α proteins mediate the translocation of nuclear localization signal (NLS)-containing proteins from the cytoplasm into the nucleus through nuclear pore complexes (NPCs). Genetically, Arabidopsis IMPORTIN-α3/MOS6 (MODIFIER OF SNC1, 6) is required for basal plant immunity and constitutive disease resistance activated in autoimmune mutant snc1 (suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive 1), suggesting that MOS6 plays a role in the nuclear import of proteins involved in plant defense signaling. Here, we sought to identify and characterize defense-regulatory cargo proteins and interaction partners of MOS6. We conducted both in silico database analyses and affinity purification of functional epitope-tagged MOS6 from pathogen-challenged stable transgenic plants coupled with mass spectrometry. We show that among the 13 candidate MOS6 interactors we selected for further functional characterization, the TIR-NBS-type protein TN13 is required for resistance against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 lacking the type-III effector proteins AvrPto and AvrPtoB. When expressed transiently in N. benthamiana leaves, TN13 co-immunoprecipitates with MOS6, but not with its closest homolog IMPORTIN-α6, and localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), consistent with a predicted N-terminal transmembrane domain in TN13. Our work uncovered the truncated NLR protein TN13 as a component of plant innate immunity that selectively binds to MOS6/IMPORTIN-α3 in planta. We speculate that the release of TN13 from the ER membrane in response to pathogen stimulus, and its subsequent nuclear translocation, is important for plant defense signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Roth
- RG Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Lüdke
- RG Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Klenke
- RG Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Annalena Quathamer
- RG Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Valerius
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gerhard H Braus
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Genetics, Institute for Microbiology and Genetics, University of Goettingen, Grisebachstrasse 8, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Marcel Wiermer
- RG Molecular Biology of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077, Goettingen, Germany
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Genenncher B, Wirthmueller L, Roth C, Klenke M, Ma L, Sharon A, Wiermer M. Nucleoporin-Regulated MAP Kinase Signaling in Immunity to a Necrotrophic Fungal Pathogen. Plant Physiol 2016; 172:1293-1305. [PMID: 27591188 PMCID: PMC5047096 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Pathogen-responsive mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MPK) cascades relay signals from activated immune receptors across the nuclear envelope to intranuclear targets. However, in plants, little is known about the spatial control of MAPK signaling. Here, we report that the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) nuclear pore complex protein Nup88/MOS7 is essential for immunity to the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea The mos7-1 mutation, causing a four-amino acid deletion, compromises B. cinerea-induced activation of the key immunoregulatory MAPKs MPK3/MPK6 and reduces MPK3 protein levels posttranscriptionally. Furthermore, MOS7 contributes to retaining a sufficient MPK3 abundance in the nucleus, which is required for full immunity to B. cinerea Finally, we present a structural model of MOS7 and show that the mos7-1 mutation compromises interactions with Nup98a/b, two phenylalanine-glycine repeat nucleoporins implicated in maintaining the selective nuclear pore complex permeability barrier. Together, our analysis uncovered MOS7 and Nup98 as novel components of plant immunity toward a necrotrophic pathogen and provides mechanistic insights into how these nucleoporins coordinate nucleocytoplasmic transport to mount a robust immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Genenncher
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany (B.G., C.R., M.K., M.W.);Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (L.W.); andDepartment of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel (L.M., A.S.)
| | - Lennart Wirthmueller
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany (B.G., C.R., M.K., M.W.);Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (L.W.); andDepartment of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel (L.M., A.S.)
| | - Charlotte Roth
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany (B.G., C.R., M.K., M.W.);Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (L.W.); andDepartment of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel (L.M., A.S.)
| | - Melanie Klenke
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany (B.G., C.R., M.K., M.W.);Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (L.W.); andDepartment of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel (L.M., A.S.)
| | - Liang Ma
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany (B.G., C.R., M.K., M.W.);Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (L.W.); andDepartment of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel (L.M., A.S.)
| | - Amir Sharon
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany (B.G., C.R., M.K., M.W.);Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (L.W.); andDepartment of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel (L.M., A.S.)
| | - Marcel Wiermer
- Department of Plant Cell Biology, Albrecht-von-Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany (B.G., C.R., M.K., M.W.);Department of Plant Biochemistry, Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany (L.W.); andDepartment of Molecular Biology and Ecology of Plants, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel (L.M., A.S.)
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