1
|
Drubina B, Kökönyei G, Várnai D, Reinhardt M. Online and school bullying roles: are bully-victims more vulnerable in nonsuicidal self-injury and in psychological symptoms than bullies and victims? BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:945. [PMID: 38098002 PMCID: PMC10722836 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullying leads to adverse mental health outcomes and it has also been linked to nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) in community adolescents. It is not clear whether different roles of bullying (bully, victim, bully-victim) are associated with NSSI, furthermore the same associations in cyberbullying are even less investigated. METHODS The aim of the current study was to test whether students involved in school or online bullying differed from their not involved peers and from each other in psychological symptoms (externalizing and internalizing problems) and in NSSI severity (number of episodes, number of methods). Furthermore, mediation models were tested to explore the possible role of externalizing and internalizing problems in the association of school and online bullying roles with NSSI. In our study, 1011 high school students (66.07% girls; n = 668), aged between 14 and 20 years (Mage = 16.81; SD = 1.41) participated. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of at least one episode of NSSI was 41.05% (n = 415). Students involved in bullying used more methods of NSSI than not involved adolescents. In general, victim status was associated mostly with internalizing symptoms, while bully role was more strongly associated with externalizing problems. Bully-victims status was associated with both types of psychological problems, but this group did not show a significantly elevated NSSI severity compared to other bullying roles. Externalizing and internalizing problems mediated the relationship between bullying roles and NSSI with different paths at different roles, especially in case of current NSSI that happened in the previous month. CONCLUSIONS Results highlight that students involved in bullying are more vulnerable to NSSI and to psychological symptoms compared to their peers who are not involved in bullying. It is suggested that bullying roles, especially bully-victim status, need to be identified in school and online settings and thus special attention should be addressed to them to reduce psychological symptoms and NSSI, for example by enhancing adaptive coping skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boglárka Drubina
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- NAP3.0-SE Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, Hungarian Brain Research Program, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Várnai
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Heim Pál National Institute of Pediatrics, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- 14th District Medical Center, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kunze K, Gossler C, Reinhardt M, Arnold M, Schwenzer F, Helke C, Reuter D, Keppeler D, Moser T, Schwarz UT. Multichannel laser diode to polymer waveguide array coupling with a double-aspheric lens. Appl Opt 2023; 62:9353-9360. [PMID: 38108707 DOI: 10.1364/ao.505167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
An optical system for multichannel coupling of laser arrays to polymer waveguide array probes with a single biconvex lens is developed. The developed cylindrical module with 13 mm and 20 mm in diameter and length, respectively, enables coupling of eight individual optical channels using an aspheric lens. Specific coupling with crosstalk below -13d B for each channel and quasi-uniform coupling over all channels is achieved for a waveguide array with 100 µm lateral facet pitch at the incoupling site. The polymer waveguide technology allows for tapering of the lateral waveguide pitch to 25 µm toward the tip of the flexible waveguide array. SU-8 and PMMA are used as the waveguide core and cladding, respectively. The optical coupling module is designed as a prototype for preclinical evaluation of optical neural stimulators.
Collapse
|
3
|
Ünsal BC, Demetrovics Z, Reinhardt M. Stronger together: community participation, structural stigma, and depression among sexual and gender minority adults in 28 European countries. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:657-669. [PMID: 36434298 PMCID: PMC10066166 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02385-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although discriminatory laws, policies, and public attitudes (i.e., structural stigma) are linked to adverse mental health outcomes among sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations, little attention has been paid to protective factors, such as community participation, about which inconsistencies exist whether it ameliorates or exacerbates mental health burdens. Thus, we examined the mediator roles of identity disclosure and victimization and the moderator role of structural stigma in the association of community participation with depression. METHODS Data from the EU-LGBTI-II survey assessing community participation, identity disclosure, victimization, and depression among sexual minority men (n = 62,939), women (n = 38,976), and gender minority adults (n = 15,845) in 28 European countries were used. Structural stigma was measured as discriminatory legislation, policies, and societal attitudes using publicly available data. RESULTS Findings showed that community participation predicted lower and higher levels of depression through identity disclosure and victimization, respectively. For sexual minority men and women, structural stigma moderated the indirect effect through identity disclosure, with a larger effect in higher structural stigma countries. Only for sexual minority men, the indirect effect through victimization was also moderated, with a larger effect in high-stigma countries. For gender minorities, no moderation effect was found. CONCLUSIONS Community participation is differentially linked to depression through identity disclosure and victimization, and as a function of structural stigma. It can be a double-edged sword, especially for sexual minority men in high-stigma countries, who are expected to pay the price while enjoying its benefits, highlighting the targets and considerations for interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Berk C Ünsal
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Huart L, Fournier M, Dupuy R, Vacheresse R, Reinhardt M, Cubaynes D, Céolin D, Hervé du Penhoat MA, Renault JP, Guigner JM, Kumar A, Lutet-Toti B, Bozek J, Ismail I, Journel L, Lablanquie P, Penent F, Nicolas C, Palaudoux J. First (e,e) coincidence measurements on solvated sodium benzoate in water using a magnetic bottle time-of-flight spectrometer. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:11085-11092. [PMID: 36484473 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02982k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sodium benzoate molecules solvated in water are studied using coincidence electron spectroscopy coupled with a liquid microjet device.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Huart
- Synchrotron Soleil, 91192 Saint Aubin, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MHNH, 75252 Paris, France
| | - M. Fournier
- Synchrotron Soleil, 91192 Saint Aubin, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - R. Dupuy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - R. Vacheresse
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - M. Reinhardt
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, FI-90014, Finland
| | - D. Cubaynes
- ISMO, CNRS UMR 8214, Université Paris Sud, bâtiment 350, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - D. Céolin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - M. A. Hervé du Penhoat
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MHNH, 75252 Paris, France
| | - J. P. Renault
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, NIMBE, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J.-M. Guigner
- Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, UMR CNRS 7590, MHNH, 75252 Paris, France
| | - A. Kumar
- Synchrotron Soleil, 91192 Saint Aubin, France
| | - B. Lutet-Toti
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - J. Bozek
- Synchrotron Soleil, 91192 Saint Aubin, France
| | - I. Ismail
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - L. Journel
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - P. Lablanquie
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - F. Penent
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - C. Nicolas
- Synchrotron Soleil, 91192 Saint Aubin, France
| | - J. Palaudoux
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique – Matière et Rayonnement, LCP-MR, F-75005 Paris Cedex 05, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Reinhardt M, Rice KG, Horváth Z. Non-suicidal self-injury motivations in the light of self-harm severity indicators and psychopathology in a clinical adolescent sample. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1046576. [PMID: 36532173 PMCID: PMC9751932 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1046576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Adolescents with psychiatric problems are also considered a vulnerable population in terms of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). In the current study, we examined the associations of interpersonal and intrapersonal NSSI motivations with several NSSI severity indicators and psychopathological characteristics. Materials and methods In a cross-sectional research design, 158 adolescents (83.5% girls; mean age = 16.10 years; SD = 1.49) who have received inpatient or outpatient psychiatric treatment completed the Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and the Self-Critical Rumination Scale. Results More than two-thirds of the sample (75.3%; n = 119) reported at least one episode of NSSI in their life, and 45.38% (n = 54) have engaged in NSSI in the past month (current self-injury). The results indicated that only intrapersonal NSSI functions were linked to NSSI severity indicators (current and repetitive NSSI, versatility), interpersonal functions were not. Furthermore, a number of psychopathological features (co-occurring mental disorders, presence of a mood disorder, more internalizing mental illness symptoms, and more pronounced self-critical rumination) were associated with engaging in NSSI for intrapersonal reasons. We also identified other differences within the specific intrapersonal NSSI motivations. It should be highlighted that the anti-suicide function of NSSI behaved in exactly the opposite way as the other intrapersonal motivations. Discussion All this points to the fact that in clinical settings, detailed assessment of NSSI motivations and severity indicators can help to develop a more effective treatment plan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Reinhardt
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kenneth G. Rice
- Center for the Study of Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zsolt Horváth
- Department of Personality and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ünsal B, Demetrovics Z, Reinhardt M. Stronger together: Community participation, structural stigma, and depressive symptoms of sexual and gender minority individuals living across 28 European countries. Eur J Public Health 2022. [PMCID: PMC9594195 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckac129.194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although previous studies demonstrated that structural stigma (i.e., discriminatory state laws, public policies, and attitudes) predicts adverse mental health outcomes among sexual and gender minority (SGM) populations, less is known how protective factors interact with structural stigma. Thus, we aimed to examine the associations between structural stigma, community participation, and depressive symptoms in a large sample of SGM adults. Methods Discriminatory laws, policies, and attitudes affecting SGM people were assessed to measure each country's structural stigma levels (i.e., sexual and gender). Data from the 2019 EU-LGBTI-II-Survey assessing community participation levels and depressive symptoms of sexual minority men (n = 62.825), women (n = 38.912), and gender minority adults (n = 15.801) in 28 European countries were analyzed by using multilevel models. Results The results demonstrated that structural stigma was positively, and community participation was negatively associated with depressive symptoms of sexual minority men (β = .147, p < .001; β = -.020, p < .05), women (β = .149, p < .01; β = −.040, p < .01), and gender minority adults (β = .085, p < .05; β = -.088, p < .001), respectively. Unlike sexual minority women and gender minority adults, for sexual minority men, a statistically significant interaction was found (β = .018, p < .05) such that participating to the community predicted lower depressive symptoms only in lower-stigma countries. Conclusions The results highlight the need for changes in discriminatory laws, social policies, and negative attitudes that impact depressive symptoms of SGM individuals. Although community participation protects individuals from depression, these findings suggest that sexual minority men in higher-stigma countries benefit less from community participation. Thus, interventions aiming to increase SGM individuals’ community participation should consider structural factors and gender differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Ünsal
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - Z Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest, Hungary
| | - M Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the association between death attitudes and depressive and anxiety symptoms among Norwegian and Turkish women. 304 participants were recruited (NNorwegian = 127 [41.8%]; NTurkish = 177 [58.2%]). The Beck Depression Inventory, the trait anxiety subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Death Attitude Profile-Revised were administered. The results showed that Fear of Death was positively correlated with anxiety symptoms among Turkish respondents; Approach Acceptance was negatively correlated with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Norwegian participants; and none of the death attitudes had significant negative associations with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Turkish participants. The analysis showed that Escape Acceptance was the only death attitude positively associated with depressive and anxiety symptoms for both countries. We may thus hypothesise that Escape Acceptance is the most maladaptive death attitude for both countries. Patients with this death attitude should be paid closer attention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Oker
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Klinke N, Reinhardt M, Ratnavadivel S, Harten H, Malmendal A, Milting H, Paululat A. An invertebrate model for TMEM43-induced arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) type 5. Cardiovasc Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvac066.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): DFG
Objectives
TMEM43 encodes for a transmembrane protein located in the ER membrane and the nuclear rim. TMEM43 has predicted four transmembrane domains. The missense variant TMEM43 p.S358L is fully penetrant in males and associated with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) type 5. Even though, TMEM43 is a phyllogenetically conserved protein throughout different species, little is known on the molecular mechanism of the mutation. TMEM43 is highly homologous to the single CG8111 gene in Drosophila melanogaster. The clincal relevant amino acid serine at position p358 is situated in the third transmembrane domain, the same applies to the corresponding amino acid p.S333L in the Drosophila homologue. Here, we established the first invertebrate model to study the pathophysiological effects of the human variant in the Drosophila homologue CG8111.
Methods
To investigate the effect of this missense mutation in flies, we introduced the variant CG8111 p.S333L in Drosophila and overexpressed the mutant variant CG8111p.S333L in transgenic flies, either ubiquitously or in a tissue specific manner. Cardiac specific physiological effects of the mutant variant were examined by Semi-automatic Optical Heartbeat Analysis (SOHA) for heart rate, systolic and diastolic interval, fractional shortening and arrhythmicity index. Mutant and wildtype flies were further compared by mass-spectrometry for differentially regulated proteins. Metabolites were analysed by NMR accordingly.
Results
Our studies showed that in comparison to the wild type the ubiquitously overexpressed variant leads to lethal effects at pupal stages. Individuals died from reduced food uptake and excessive lipid droplet accumulation in adipocytes. CG8111p.S333L animals up-regulate proteins, involved in fatty acid metabolism pathways. Metabolomic data revealed increased amounts of fatty acids accumulation in mutant versus wild-type animals. Furthermore, heart specific overexpression of CG8111p.S333L was associated with arrhythmias in five week old male flies.
Conclusions
CG8111p.S333L overexpression is a lethal genotype in Drosophila. Our data suggest a metabolic dysfunction associated with the mutant form of CG8111p.S333L, which shares pathophysiological characteristics of the human condition in TMEM43 p.S358L carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Klinke
- University of Osnabrueck, Zoology and Developmental Genetics , Osnabrueck , Germany
| | - M Reinhardt
- University of Osnabrueck, Zoology and Developmental Genetics , Osnabrueck , Germany
| | - S Ratnavadivel
- Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Erich und Hanna Klessman Institut , Bad Oeynhausen , Germany
| | - H Harten
- University of Osnabrueck, Zoology and Developmental Genetics , Osnabrueck , Germany
| | - A Malmendal
- Rosklide University, Science and Environment , Rosklide , Denmark
| | - H Milting
- Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Erich und Hanna Klessman Institut , Bad Oeynhausen , Germany
| | - A Paululat
- University of Osnabrueck, Zoology and Developmental Genetics , Osnabrueck , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kocsel N, Horváth Z, Reinhardt M, Szabó E, Kökönyei G. Nonproductive thoughts, somatic symptoms and well-being in adolescence: testing the moderator role of age and gender in a representative study. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09688. [PMID: 35734556 PMCID: PMC9207659 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous findings suggest a female preponderance in nonproductive thoughts -rumination and worry-, but studies on gender differences in the strength of the relationship between nonproductive thoughts, somatic symptoms and subjective well-being are scarce. Our aim was to test whether gender and age would moderate these associations. Methods 1572 adolescents were involved in this representative cross-sectional study (770 boys; mean age = 15.39; SD = 2.26 years). Nonproductive thoughts were measured by Nonproductive Thoughts Questionnaire for Children (NPTQ-C), somatic symptoms were assessed by Somatic Complaint List (SCL), while Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF) was used to measure subjective well-being. To assess the moderation effects of age and gender on the relationship between nonproductive thoughts, somatic symptoms and well-being, four multiple indicator multiple causes (MIMIC) models were defined. Results Our results suggested that higher rates of nonproductive thoughts predicted a higher level of somatic symptoms and a lower level of subjective well-being. The analyses revealed that although nonproductive thoughts were strongly and equally associated with somatic symptoms among boys and girls, age was a significant moderator. Gender also moderated the relationship between nonproductive thoughts and subjective well-being. Conclusions Our results support the importance of nonproductive thoughts in somatic symptoms and highlight that the strength of the relationship is similar across both genders but could be dependent upon age. The findings also shed light on the decreased well-being of girls, especially with elevated level of nonproductive thoughts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Kocsel
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Horváth
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,XIV. District Medical Center, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Szabó
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Center for Pain and the Brain, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Oker K, Reinhardt M, Schmelowszky Á. Effects of COVID-19 on Mental Health and Its Relationship With Death Attitudes and Coping Styles Among Hungarian, Norwegian, and Turkish Psychology Students. Front Psychol 2022; 13:812720. [PMID: 35197905 PMCID: PMC8858930 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate mental effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its relationship with death attitudes and coping styles among Hungarian, Norwegian, and Turkish psychology students. A total of 388 participants from Hungary (N = 122, 31.4%), Norway (N = 96, 24.7%), and Turkey (N = 170, 43.8%) were recruited during the pandemic. The Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale, the Impact of Event Scale-Revised, the Carver Brief COPE Inventory, and the Death Attitude Profile-Revised were used. The results indicated that escape acceptance might be the most maladaptive death attitude during COVID-19, as it was related to poorer mental health among the Hungarian, Norwegian, and Turkish psychology students. Self-blame, behavioral disengagement, self-distraction, and substance use coping styles were also related to poorer mental health, whereas positive-reframing (only among the Hungarian and Turkish participants) and humor (only among the Norwegian participants) were related to better mental health among our sample in the context of COVID-19. The findings implied that death attitudes and coping styles may differ in their efficacy among the Hungarian, Norwegian, and Turkish participants. These differences were discussed in detail in the discussion part. During the pandemic, practitioners might pay closer attention to patients with higher escape acceptance death attitude and patients who use dysfunctional coping styles. Additionally, patients can be encouraged to use techniques involving positive reframing and humor coping styles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Oker
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Kemal Oker,
| | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Reinhardt M, Horváth Z, Urbán R, Rice KG, Drubina B, Kökönyei G. Dissociative Tendencies Aggregate the Impact of Negative Life Events on Non-Suicidal Self-Injury among Male Juvenile Delinquents. Arch Suicide Res 2022; 26:226-244. [PMID: 32603215 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2020.1784335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury is a significant global public health problem during adolescence, nevertheless there is a lack of investigations among juvenile offenders. Our cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between negative life events and self-harm, including the effects of dissociation and experiential avoidance that accounted for this link in a sample of underaged male offenders (N = 226; Mage = 16.97, SD = 1.31; 23.5% performed self-harm in the past month). Structural equation modeling showed that dissociation can explain the effect of friendship- and romantic relationship-related negative life events on self-harm. Our findings pointed out that dissociative tendencies could reduce intense emotions stemming from negative life events associated with peer relationships, but consequences of such tendencies might be self-harm in a correctional context.
Collapse
|
12
|
Reinhardt M, Kökönyei G, Rice KG, Drubina B, Urbán R. Functions of nonsuicidal self-injury in a Hungarian community adolescent sample: a psychometric investigation. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:618. [PMID: 34886827 PMCID: PMC8662905 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Inventory of Statements About Self-Injury (ISAS) is a psychometrically valid tool to evaluate the motives of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI), but there are a few studies that test gender differences in the factor structure of the measurement. However, several differences across gender were identified in NSSI (e.g., in prevalence, methods, functions). Therefore, our study focused on further analyses of the dimensionality of the ISAS functions. METHODS Among Hungarian adolescents with a history of NSSI (N = 418; 70.6% girls; mean age was 16.86, SD = 1.45), confirmatory factor analysis and exploratory structural equation modeling frameworks were used to test the factor structure of the ISAS part II. RESULTS Results support the two-factor structure of the questionnaire. Intrapersonal and interpersonal motivation factors emerged in the whole sample, but this factor structure varied across gender. Among girls, intrapersonal motivation of NSSI was associated with higher loneliness, more inflexible emotion regulation, and a more pronounced level of internalizing and externalizing mental illness symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide sufficiently solid arguments for the need to examine NSSI functionality separately for adolescent girls and boys because there were clear gender differences in the motives underlying NSSI. In addition, precise scanning of patterns of NSSI functions may further help us to identify the most at-risk adolescents regarding self-injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Reinhardt
- Department of Personality and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 14th District Medical Center, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Department of Personality and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kenneth G Rice
- Center for the Study of Stress, Trauma, and Resilience, Department of Counseling and Psychological Services, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Boglárka Drubina
- Department of Personality and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Urbán
- Department of Personality and Health Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Drubina B, Kökönyei G, Reinhardt M. Associations between non-suicidal self-injury and negative romantic relationship life events in male justice-involved adolescents. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:401. [PMID: 34388998 PMCID: PMC8361803 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03408-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the current study we investigated impulsivity and negative life events in relation to non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in correctional settings. METHODS A total of 141 male justice-involved juveniles participated in our cross-sectional study, aged between 14 and 21 years old (M = 17.75; SD = 1.38). Data collection took place in correctional institutions in Hungary. A binary logistic regression was conducted to investigate possible associations between NSSI, impulsivity and negative life events. RESULTS Lifetime prevalence of NSSI was 53.9% (N = 76). In a binary logistic regression model, only negative romantic relationship events were significantly associated with the risk of current NSSI (OR = 1.29; 95% CI = [1.06-1.56]). Other types of negative life events (family-related, friendship-related), impulsivity, age and conviction status did not have a significant role in the model. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that juvenile offenders should receive additional support to manage stress that is associated with negative life events, especially problems in romantic relationships. It is essential to help young inmates to find an adaptive way of reducing stress caused by negative relationship life events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boglárka Drubina
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary. .,Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest, H-1064, Hungary. .,Child Protection Centre of Budapest and Local Child Protection Professional Services, Expert Committee, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- grid.5591.80000 0001 2294 6276Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest, H-1064 Hungary ,grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary ,grid.11804.3c0000 0001 0942 9821Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Addiction, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, 46 Izabella Street, Budapest, H-1064, Hungary. .,XIV District Medical Center, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Budapest, Hungary.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reinhardt M, Horváth Z, Morgan A, Kökönyei G. Well-being profiles in adolescence: psychometric properties and latent profile analysis of the mental health continuum model - a methodological study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:95. [PMID: 32252785 PMCID: PMC7137408 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01332-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Adolescent Mental Health Continuum Short Form (MHC-SF) is a psychometrically valid tool to evaluate the domains of subjective well-being, but there is a lack of investigations which could distinguish subgroups with distinct subjective well-being profiles based on this measurement. Therefore, after testing the competing measurement models of the MHC-SF, our main aim was to identify subjective well-being profiles in a large adolescent sample. Methods On a representative Hungarian adolescent sample (N = 1572; 51% girl; mean age was 15.39, SD = 2.26) confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) were used to test the factor stucture of the Adolescent MHC-SF. In addition, gender invariance of the best fitting model was also tested. Latent Profile Analyses (LPA) were conducted to reveal distinct subgroups and these profiles were then compared. Results Results support the bifactor model of MHC-SF: the general and specific well-being factors which were invariant across gender. LPA yielded four subgroups, three of them have been theoretically hypothesized in previous works (i.e. flourishing, moderate mental health, languishing), but an emotionally vulnerable subgroup also emerged. Compared to the languishing group, this new subgroup demonstrated higher scores on prosocial behaviour, but had comparable level of loneliness and internalizing symptoms. Conclusions Our results suggest that the MHC-SF is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing overall well-being and its components. In addition, the identification of young people to be at risk for low mental health may help us to tailor mental health promotion programs to their special needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Zsolt Horváth
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Seider D, Reinhardt M, Zajonz D, Voigt P, Kahn T, Moche M. [Analysis of the quality of life of patients with osteoid osteoma before and after radiofrequency ablation treatment]. Chirurg 2019; 90:851-857. [PMID: 30783725 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-019-0818-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the treatment of osteoid osteomas (OO) by radiofrequency ablation (RFA). In particular, the recurrence rate and the improvement in the quality of life as assessed by the reduction of pain intensity were evaluated. METHODS Retrospective analysis of 26 patients after RFA of an OO and prospective analysis of 14 patients using a self-developed quality of life questionnaire. The questionnaire, the electronic patient file and the histopathological findings were processed. RESULTS An average of 22 months passed between the first onset of complaints and the causative treatment by RFA. After RFA, there was a significant reduction in pain symptoms and thus an increase in the quality of life. These results confirm that RFA from OO is a safe and efficient treatment procedure. DISCUSSION In order to avoid long-term conservative treatment attempts and to reduce effects on the musculoskeletal system, a timely RFA of OO should be performed after diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Seider
- Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - M Reinhardt
- Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - D Zajonz
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Orthopädie, Unfallchirurgie und Plastische Chirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - P Voigt
- Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - T Kahn
- Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - M Moche
- Medizinische Fakultät der Universität Leipzig, Klinik und Poliklinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gerdes S, Pinter A, Papavassilis C, Reinhardt M. Effects of secukinumab on metabolic and liver parameters in plaque psoriasis patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:533-541. [PMID: 31599476 PMCID: PMC7065121 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is associated with metabolic, liver and cardiovascular comorbidity. Secukinumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that selectively neutralizes interleukin-17A, has shown significant and sustained efficacy in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. OBJECTIVES This was an exploratory post hoc analysis of pooled data from three phase 3 studies in plaque psoriasis patient populations. The objective was to show the course of metabolic and liver parameters under secukinumab, etanercept or placebo treatment over time. A further objective was to assess the impact of selected comorbidities and metabolic characteristics on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), as a surrogate marker of systemic inflammation. METHODS Data from the phase 3 randomized controlled trials [FIXTURE (NCT01358578), ERASURE (NCT01365455) and SCULPTURE (NCT01406938); n = 3010] were included in this analysis. Patients were treated with secukinumab 150 mg or 300 mg, placebo or etanercept 50 mg (FIXTURE only) as active comparator. A set of metabolic and liver parameters was longitudinally assessed over 52 weeks. Multivariate regression analyses assessed the impact of selected comorbidities and metabolic characteristics on hs-CRP levels at baseline and under treatment. RESULTS Secukinumab treatment reduced hs-CRP levels. Body weight and uric acid levels tended to decrease over 52 weeks with secukinumab. Secukinumab showed a neutral effect on fasting plasma glucose, lipid parameters and liver enzymes. Psoriatic arthritis, metabolic syndrome, obesity, impaired glucose metabolism, and hyperuricemia were each associated with increased hs-CRP levels at baseline. Concomitant obesity attenuated the decline in hs-CRP under treatment. CONCLUSIONS These analyses suggest neutral to favourable long-term trends in metabolic and liver parameters under secukinumab treatment. Metabolic comorbidities were associated with increased hs-CRP levels, reflecting the role of systemic inflammatory processes in their pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Gerdes
- Psoriasis-Center, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - A Pinter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - M Reinhardt
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.,Novartis Pharma GmbH, Nürnberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Oker K, Schmelowszky Á, Reinhardt M. Comparison of the Relationship Between Death Anxiety and Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms Among Norwegian and Turkish Female Psychology Students. Omega (Westport) 2019; 83:816-830. [PMID: 31393217 DOI: 10.1177/0030222819868111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between death anxiety and depressive and anxiety symptoms among Norwegian and Turkish female psychology students. For this purpose, 304 participants were recruited, of whom 127 were Norwegian and 177 were Turkish. Participants' ages ranged from 18 to 35 years. The Beck Depression Inventory, the trait anxiety subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Death Anxiety Scale were used to examine these relationships. The findings showed that death anxiety was significantly related to depressive and anxiety symptoms in both countries. Furthermore, Turkish participants scored higher on both death anxiety and depressive and anxiety symptoms than their Norwegian counterparts. The findings encourage researchers to focus more on the relationship between death anxiety and depressive and anxiety symptoms in a cross-cultural frame.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kemal Oker
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Reinhardt M, Cushman TR, Thearle MS, Krakoff J. Epicardial adipose tissue is a predictor of decreased kidney function and coronary artery calcification in youth- and early adult onset type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:979-986. [PMID: 30674009 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-019-1011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the association of epicardial and pericardial fat volume (EFV, PFV) with cardiovascular risk factors and kidney function in Native Americans of southwestern heritage with youth and early adult onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) versus healthy controls. METHODS Using computed tomography, we quantified EFV and PFV in 149 Native Americans (92 women, 57 men), 95 of which had T2DM (38 diagnosed prior to age 20 years). Duration of T2DM, mean carotid arterial mass (AM), coronary artery calcification (CAC), IL-6, and estimated glomerular filtration rate eGFRcr(CKD-EPI) were measured. RESULTS EFV and PFV were associated with BMI (r = 0.37, p < 0.0001; r = 0.26, p = 0.001) and did not differ between onset age-groups and controls (p > 0.05). EFV was associated with AM only in controls (r = 0.51, p < 0.0001). After adjustment for BMI, T2DM duration, HbA1C, age, and sex, EFV was a predictor of CAC and IL-6 concentrations in early adult onset T2DM (β = 0.05 ± 0.02 cm3, p = 0.03; β = 0.05 ± 0.01 pg/ml/cm3, p = 0.002). EFV and PFV were independent predictors of reduced eGFRcr(CKD-EPI) in the youth onset T2DM group (β = -0.3 ± 0.08 ml/min/cm3, p = 0.001; β = -0.25 ± 0.05 ml/min/cm3, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Epicardial fat volume may be a risk factor for heart disease in individuals with early adult onset T2DM and a predictor of decreased kidney function in individuals with youth onset T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Reinhardt
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4212 N. 16th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA.
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Liebigstraße 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - T R Cushman
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4212 N. 16th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
| | - M S Thearle
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4212 N. 16th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
| | - J Krakoff
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 4212 N. 16th Street, Phoenix, AZ, 85016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
Background: Adiponectin is an adipocyte-secreted protein potentially relevant in the context of cardiometabolic comorbidity of psoriasis patients.Objective: This post-hoc analysis aimed to assess the impact of obesity, metabolic syndrome, psoriasis severity and treatment with secukinumab/etanercept on adiponectin.Methods: Three phase III trials in moderate to severe plaque psoriasis were included. Correlations of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), body mass index (BMI), and associated comorbidity with adiponectin levels as well as the impact of secukinumab, etanercept, and placebo were analyzed.Results: Data of 3010 patients were included of whom 71.2% had a BMI >25. Adiponectin levels were significantly higher in patients with lower BMI (r = -0.23; p < .0001) and in patients without metabolic syndrome compared to patients with higher BMI and with metabolic syndrome. PASI score was negatively associated with adiponectin levels (r = -0.065; p = .0004). However, the correlation was extremely weak and thus clinically irrelevant. During treatment with secukinumab or etanercept over 52 weeks adiponectin levels remained stable.Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome and BMI are key determinants of adiponectin levels in psoriasis patients. Psoriasis severity and anti-psoriatic treatment had no relevant impact on adiponectin levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Gerdes
- Psoriasis-Center, Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - A Pinter
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - M Biermann
- Novartis Pharma GmbH, Nuernberg, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Szemenyei E, Reinhardt M, Szabó E, Szabó KG, Urbán R, Harvey ST, Morgan A, Demetrovics Z, Kökönyei G. Measuring Psychological Inflexibility in Children and Adolescents: Evaluating the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth. Assessment 2018; 27:1810-1820. [PMID: 30198319 DOI: 10.1177/1073191118796558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth (AFQ-Y8) was developed to measure psychological inflexibility. Although the questionnaire is a well-known tool in clinical practice, its psychometric properties have not been widely investigated in the target population of children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the factor structure and validity of the AFQ-Y8 (N = 1,572, mean age 15.39 years, girls 51%) on a Hungarian sample. We also tested the invariance of the measurement model across two age groups (11-14 and 15-20 years old). Results confirmed the single-factor structure of the AFQ-Y8. Psychological inflexibility was also found to be positively related to emotional instability, externalizing, and internalizing problems. Furthermore, psychological inflexibility explained the variance of life satisfaction when personality dimensions, emotional, and behavioral problems were accounted for. Measurement invariance across age groups was partially supported. These results suggest that the AFQ-Y8 is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing psychological inflexibility in children and adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Szemenyei
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Szabó
- Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Neuropsychopharmacology and Neurochemistry Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Róbert Urbán
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Institute of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.,SE-NAP2 Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Reinhardt M, Duda JP, Blumenberg M, Ostertag-Henning C, Reitner J, Heim C, Thiel V. The taphonomic fate of isorenieratene in Lower Jurassic shales-controlled by iron? Geobiology 2018; 16:237-251. [PMID: 29569335 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fossil derivatives of isorenieratene, an accessory pigment in brown-colored green sulfur bacteria, are often used as tracers for photic zone anoxia through Earth's history, but their diagenetic behavior is still incompletely understood. Here, we assess the preservation of isorenieratene derivatives in organic-rich shales (1.5-8.4 wt.% TOC) from two Lower Jurassic anoxic systems (Bächental oil shale, Tyrol, Austria; Posidonia Shale, Baden-Württemberg, Germany). Bitumens and kerogens were investigated using catalytic hydropyrolysis (HyPy), closed-system hydrous pyrolysis (in gold capsules), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio-mass spectrometry (GC-C-IRMS). Petrography and biomarkers indicate a syngenetic relationship between bitumens and kerogens. All bitumens contain abundant isorenieratane, diverse complex aromatized isorenieratene derivatives, and a pseudohomologous series of 2,3,6-trimethyl aryl isoprenoids. In contrast, HyPy and mild closed-system hydrous pyrolysis of the kerogens yielded only minor amounts of these compounds. Given the overall low maturity of the organic matter (below oil window), it appears that isorenieratene and its abundant derivatives from the bitumen had not been incorporated into the kerogens. Accordingly, sulfur cross-linking, the key mechanism for sequestration of functionalized lipids into kerogens in anoxic systems, was not effective in the Jurassic environments studied. We explain this by (i) early cyclization/aromatization and (ii) hydrogenation reactions that have prevented effective sulfurization. In addition, (iii) sulfide was locally removed via anoxygenic photosynthesis and efficiently trapped by the reaction with sedimentary iron, as further indicated by elevated iron contents (4.0-8.7 wt.%) and the presence of abundant pyrite aggregates in the rock matrix. Although the combined processes have hampered the kerogen incorporation of isorenieratene and its derivatives, they may have promoted the long-term preservation of these biomarkers in the bitumen fraction via early defunctionalization. This particular taphonomy of aromatic carotenoids has to be considered in studies of anoxic iron-rich environments (e.g., the Proterozoic ocean).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Reinhardt
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Planets and Comets, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - J-P Duda
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- 'Origin of Life' Group, Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Göttingen, Germany
| | - M Blumenberg
- Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hannover, Germany
| | - C Ostertag-Henning
- Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Hannover, Germany
| | - J Reitner
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- 'Origin of Life' Group, Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Göttingen, Germany
| | - C Heim
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - V Thiel
- Department of Geobiology, Geoscience Centre, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Costa PF, Reinhardt M, Poppe B. OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE FROM F-18-FDG PET/CT: IMPLEMENTATION TO ROUTINE CLINICAL PRACTICE. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2018; 179:291-298. [PMID: 29253239 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncx276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess the occupational radiation exposure arising from positron emission tomography combined with X-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) procedures. From 2009 through the end of 2014, in a team of six technologists, personal dosimetry was performed using electronic personal dosemeters and film badge dosemeters. The technologists registered the separate exposure after each PET/CT operational step, which included radiopharmaceutical arrival, dispensing in individual syringes, injection and patient positioning.From the total of 3024 PET/CT procedures, 2142 were available for analysis. The personal dose equivalent for the technologists performing PET/CT ranged from 11.5 nSv/MBq to 23.8 nSv/MBq. Whole-body radiation dose originated mainly from radiopharmaceutical injection (41.5%) and patient positioning (51.1%). The sources of occupational exposure were successfully identified for PET/CT procedures. Record keeping using on-site occupational dosimetry is a useful tool for exposure optimisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Fragoso Costa
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Pius-Hospital, Medical Campus, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
- University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Pius-Hospital, Medical Campus, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - M Reinhardt
- Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, Pius-Hospital, Medical Campus, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - B Poppe
- University Clinic for Medical Radiation Physics, Pius-Hospital, Medical Campus, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Heintze SD, Monreal D, Reinhardt M, Eser A, Peschke A, Reinshagen J, Rousson V. Fatigue resistance of all-ceramic fixed partial dentures - Fatigue tests and finite element analysis. Dent Mater 2018; 34:494-507. [PMID: 29395474 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the fatigue resistance of a new translucent zirconia material in comparison to lithium disilicate for 3-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs). METHODS Eighteen 3-unit FPDs (replacement of first upper molar) with a connector size of 4mm×4mm were dry milled with a five-axis milling machine (Zenotec Select, Wieland, Germany) using discs made of a new translucent zirconia material (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT, Ivoclar Vivadent). Another 9 FPDs with a reduced connector size (3mm×4mm) were milled. The zirconia FPDs were sintered at 1500°C. For a comparison, 9 FPDs were made of IPS e.max Press, using the same dimensions. These IPS e.max Press FPDs were ground from a wax disc (Wieland), invested and pressed at 920°C. All FPDs were glazed twice. The FPDs were adhesively luted to PMMA dies with Multilink Automix. Dynamic cyclic loading was carried out on the molar pontic using Dyna-Mess testing machines (Stolberg, Germany) with 2×106 cycles at 2Hz in water (37°C). Two specimens per group and load were subjected to decreasing load levels (at least 4) until the two specimens no longer showed any failures. Another third specimen was subjected to this load to confirm the result. All the specimens were evaluated under a stereo microscope (20× magnification). The number of cycles reached before observing a failure, and their dependence on the load and on the material, were modeled, using a Weibull model. This made it possible to estimate the fatigue resistance as the maximum load for which one would observe less than 1% failure after 2×106 cycles. In addition to the experimental study, Finite Element Modeling (FEM) simulations were conducted to predict the force to failure for IPS e.max ZirCAD MT and IPS e.max Press with a reduced cross-section of the connectors. RESULTS The failure mode of the zirconia FPDs was mostly the fracture of the distal connector, whereas the failure mode of the lithium disilicate FPDs observed to be the fracture of the connectors or multiple cracks of the pontic. The fatigue resistance with 1% fracture probability was estimated to be 488N for the IPS e.max ZirCAD MT FPDs (453N for repeated test), 365N for IPS e.max ZirCAD MT FPDs with reduced connector size and 286N for the e.max Press FPDs. All three IPS e.max ZirCAD groups statistically performed significantly better than IPS e.max Press (p<0.001). On the other hand, no significant difference could be established between the two IPS e.max ZirCAD MT3 groups with a 4mm×4mm connector size (p>0.05). The allowable maximum principal stress (σmax) which did not lead to failure during fatigue testing for IPS e.max ZirCAD MT3 was calculated between 208MPa and 223MPa for FPDs with 4mm×4mm connectors for 2×106 cycles. This value could also be verified for the FPDs of the same material with 3mm×4mm connectors. On the other hand fatigue strength in terms of σmax at 2×106 cycles of IPS e.max Press was calculated to be between 78 and 90MPa. SIGNIFICANCE The fatigue resistance of the translucent zirconia 3-unit FPDs was about 60-70% higher than that of the lithium disilicate 3-unit FPDs, which may justify their use for molar replacements, provided that a minimal connector size of 4mm×4mm is observed. Even with a limited number of specimens (n=9) per group it was possible to statistically differentiate between the tested groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S D Heintze
- R&D, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein.
| | - D Monreal
- R&D, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - M Reinhardt
- R&D, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - A Eser
- R&D, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | - A Peschke
- R&D, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Bendererstrasse 2, FL-9494 Schaan, Liechtenstein
| | | | - V Rousson
- University Hospital Lausanne, Biostatistical Division, Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Oexle C, Moser E, Reinhardt M. Erste Ergebnisse der Radioiodtherapie bei multifokaler und disseminierter Autonomie der Schilddrüse unter Verwendung eines TcTUs-adaptierten Dosiskonzepts. Nuklearmedizin 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1632319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Ziel: Die Studie untersucht prospektiv die Wirksamkeit eines an den prätherapeutischen 99mTc-Pertechnetat Uptake der Schilddrüse unter Suppression (TcTUs) angepaßten Dosiskonzeptes zur Radioiodtherapie (RIT) bei Patienten mit multifokaler (MFA) und disseminierter Autonomie (DISA). Dieses Konzept berücksichtigt die gesamte Schilddrüse als Zielvolumen und verwendet Herddosen von 150 Gy bis 300 Gy entsprechend dem TcTUs als Maß für das »autonome Volumen« der Schilddrüse. Methoden: Es wurden 75 Patienten (54 Frauen, 21 Männer; Alter 71 ± 9 Jahre) mit MFA oder DISA ausgewertet. Die Therapie wurde bei Normalwerten für fT3 und fT4 und bei endogener Suppression des TSH durchgeführt. Als Herddosen wurden appliziert: bei einem TcTUs zwischen 1,5-2,5% 150 Gy, bei 2,51-3,5% 200 Gy, bei 3,51-4,5% 250 Gy und bei >4,5% 300 Gy. Die Abschätzung der zu applizierenden Aktivität erfolgte mit einer modifizierten Marinelli-Formel. Als Therapieerfolg galt ein TSH >0,5 mU/l und ein Verschwinden der autonomen Areale im Szintigramm bzw. ein posttherapeutischer TcTU <1,5%. Die mittlere Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 8 ± 4 Monate. Ergebnisse: Die Erfolgsraten betragen im Durchschnitt 92%. Nur in einem Fall kam es zu einer konsekutiven subklinischen Hypothyreose und in einem weiteren Fall trat eine immunogene Hyperthyreose auf. Schlußfolgerung: Die vorliegenden Daten sprechen dafür, daß auch Patienten mit ausgeprägter Autonomie (TcTUs >3,5%) bei einzeitiger Therapie mit einer Erfolgsrate von über 90% mit dem hier vorgestellten Dosiskonzept behandelt werden können. Die Frühhypothyreoserate ist insgesamt sehr niedrig.
Collapse
|
25
|
Reinhardt M, Nitzsche E, Moser E, Krause T. Photopenic Lesions in Bone Marrow Scintigraphy Using Technetium-99m Labeled Antigranulocyte Antibody without Known Tumour. Nuklearmedizin 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1632197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Aim: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the frequency of photopenic lesions in patients without known tumour disease by using bone marrow scintigraphy with Tc-99m labeled anti-NCA-95. Methods: Whole body immunoscintigraphy (IS) was performed in 141 consecutive patients with fever of unknown origin. The age ranged between 20 and 88 years with a mean age of 57 years. None of the patients had known tumour disease. Scans were evaluated with respect to photopenic lesions and to bone marrow distribution. Results: IS showed bone marrow defects in the axial skeleton in 16 patients (11 %). With the help of the typical scintigraphic defect pattern, the cause of the lesions was clearly identified as degenerative changes in four patients and in one patient as due to prior sternotomy. In the remaining 11 patients the origin of the defects became evident when the case history or additional imaging was consulted. The mean age of these 16 patients was 69 years ranging from 50 to 88 years. There was an age-related frequency of defects. 10% of the patients from 50 to 59 years showed defects, 60-69 years 9%, 70-79 years 30%, and 33% of the patients from 80 to 89 years had defects. IS was not hampered by tracer uptake to liver or spleen in 93 patients. Left caudal ribs were obscured in 48 patients with intense tracer uptake to the spleen. No or markedly reduced tracer uptake was found in caput humeri and caput femori in 94 and 82 patients, respectively. Patchy tracer uptake to the bone marrow of the limbs was seen in 13/62 patients showing marrow expansion in the lower limbs and 14/55 with marrow expansion in the upper limbs. The patchy pattern was asymmetric in 12 of these patients. Conclusion: The results of the present study reveal that using Tc-99m NCA-95, photopenic lesions of the bone marrow are rarely seen in patients without known malignant disease. The occurrence of benign lesions is age-related. The benign cause of the lesion was obvious from location and pattern of the lesion in about 30% of the cases. Evaluation of lesions in the upper and lower limbs may be hindered due to physiological variation of marrow distribution. Nevertheless, IS appears to be well-suited for the detection and localization of bone marrow metastases.
Collapse
|
26
|
Poeppel TD, Reinhardt M, Vester EG, Yong M, Mau J, Strauer BE, Vosberg H, Müller HW, Krause BJ. Myocardial perfusion/metabolism mismatch and ventricular arrhythmias in the chronic post infarction state. Nuklearmedizin 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1625688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Aim: Ventricular arrhythmias have been shown to originate in the myocardial peri-infarct region due to irregular heterotopic conduction. Hypoperfused but viable myocardium is often localised in those areas and may be involved in the pathogenesis of arrhythmias. We tested the hypothesis that these myocardial perfusion/metabolism mismatches (MM) are significantly associated with ventricular arrhythmias in the chronic post infarction state. Patients, methods: 47 post infarction patients were included in the study. 33 suffered from ventricular arrhythmia whereas 14 did not. All patients underwent 99mTc tetrofosmin SPECT and 18F-FDG PET. A region-of-interest(ROI)-analysis was used to assess viable myocardium based on predefined MM-criteria. Univariate analyses as well as a logistic regression model for the multivariate analysis were carried out. Results: 94% of the arrhythmic patients displayed at least one MM-segment as compared to 64% of the non-arrhythmic patients. MMsegments and arrhythmia showed a statistically significant relation (p = 0.018). The logistic regression model predicted the occurrence or absence of arrhythmia in 85% of all cases. Multivariate analysis gave consistent results, after adjusting for symptomatic chronic heart failure (CHF), aneurysms and age. Conclusion: Our results support the hypothesis that hypoperfused but viable myocardium represents an arrhythmogenic substrate and is a relevant risk factor for developing ventricular arrhythmias following myocardial infarction. Therefore, the detection of MM-segments allows the identification of patients with a higher risk for future cardiac events.
Collapse
|
27
|
Ebert A, Reichmann K, Reinhardt M, Palmedo H, Biersack HJ, von Mallek D, Rödel R. Effectiveness of syringe shieldings using radionuclides in radiation synovectomy. Nuklearmedizin 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1623906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Aim: The radiation exposure in radiation synovectomy was investigated for technician and therapist using Erbium-169, Rhenium-186 and Yttrium-90 with and without syringe shieldings. Methods: Dose rates were measured in relation to the distance of the syringe containing the radionuclide. Measurements were repeated using syringe shieldings which consist of plastic surrounded by a lead layer. Results: The most relevant radiation exposure arises from Yttrium-90. Using syringe shieldings radiation exposure can be reduced by a factor of thousand. Conclusion: This kind of radiological protection is completely sufficient for the therapist. Concerning the technician preparing the radiopharmaceutics, the limit of the official German dosimetry service (500 mSv) might be exceeded if no special radiological protection is established. Thus, special dosimetry is recommended.
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
Summary:Aim: The diagnosis of abnormalities of thyroid function is generally based on the measurement of thyroid hormones and TSH in blood. The recommended reference ranges for serum T4 and T3 as well as TSH are quite wide as the result of large differences in thyroid function tests in healthy persons. It has been proven that the individual variation within an individual is small, compared with the variation between individuals. We investigated long term variations of these parameters in patients with and without benign thyroid diseases. Methods: We performed long term follow-up serum determinations of T3, T4, and TSH in a total of 150 patients for a time period of 3 to 13 years. The majority of patients had been put on L-thyroxine. Values of total T3, total T4, free T4 were measured with an almost unmodified test (RIA) over the years. Results: The lowest relative coefficient of variation (<10%) was observed in the group of patients who had been treated with L-thyroxine only. Even for TSH, relatively low cofficients of variation were observed in this group. In the group of patients who had not received any medication, T3 and T4 showed also a variation of 10%. FT4 and TSH revealed a wider range of variation. Even after radioiodine therapy, T3 and T4 showed only a quite small variation, while TSH demonstrated a wide range with a variation of >30%. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that there are only narrow variations of serum T4 and T3 within individuals with and without thyroid disorders.
Collapse
|
29
|
Koc A, Reinhardt M, von Reppert A, Rössle M, Leitenberger W, Gleich M, Weinelt M, Zamponi F, Bargheer M. Grueneisen-approach for the experimental determination of transient spin and phonon energies from ultrafast x-ray diffraction data: gadolinium. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:264001. [PMID: 28557803 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa7187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We study gadolinium thin films as a model system for ferromagnets with negative thermal expansion. Ultrashort laser pulses heat up the electronic subsystem and we follow the transient strain via ultrafast x-ray diffraction. In terms of a simple Grueneisen approach, the strain is decomposed into two contributions proportional to the thermal energy of spin and phonon subsystems. Our analysis reveals that upon femtosecond laser excitation, phonons and spins can be driven out of thermal equilibrium for several nanoseconds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Koc
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kocsel N, Mónok K, Szabó E, Morgan A, Reinhardt M, Urbán R, Demetrovics Z, Kökönyei G. Gender Invariance and Psychometric Properties of the Nonproductive Thoughts Questionnaire for Children. Assessment 2017; 26:1480-1491. [DOI: 10.1177/1073191117706140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Perseverative cognitions—rumination and worry—can contribute to mental and somatic health problems in adolescence. Girls usually report stronger rumination or worry than boys even in earlier years across the development age spectrum. Our aim was to test the gender invariance and psychometric properties of the Nonproductive Thoughts Questionnaire for Children (NPTQ-C). Study 1 involved 1,572 students (mean age = 15.39 years, SD = 2.26; 49% boy) recruited representatively from local schools. We applied confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to test the measurement model of perseverative cognitions. The gender invariance of the measurement model and the convergent validity were analyzed as well with CFA with covariates model. The original one-factor structure of NPTQ-C was supported in our adolescent sample. Gender invariance was also confirmed. The NPTQ-C indicated high convergent validity: showing positive correlations with emotional instability and emotional symptoms. In Study 2 (385 students; mean age = 16.05; SD = 1.23; 34% boy), we tested the construct validity of NPTQ-C. The applied CFA with covariates model supported the construct validity. In summary, NPTQ-C proved to be a good instrument for measuring ruminative and worrying thoughts of adolescents, which reliably measures perseverative cognitions across genders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natália Kocsel
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE-NAP B Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kata Mónok
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Szabó
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE-NAP B Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Urbán
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Demetrovics
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE-NAP B Genetic Brain Imaging Migraine Research Group, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Weise CM, Piaggi P, Reinhardt M, Chen K, Savage CR, Krakoff J, Pleger B. The obese brain as a heritable phenotype: a combined morphometry and twin study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 41:458-466. [PMID: 27916985 PMCID: PMC5402354 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Body weight and adiposity are heritable traits. To date it remains unknown whether obesity-associated brain structural alterations are under a similar level of genetic control. Methods For this study we utilized magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from the Human Connectome Project. Voxel based morphometry (VBM) was used to investigate associations between body mass index (BMI) and regional gray matter volume (GMV) in a sample of 875 young adults with a wide BMI range (386m/489f; age 28.8 ± 3.7y; BMI 26.6 ± 5.3 kg*m-2), that included 86 pairs of monozygotic twins and 82 pairs of dizygotic twins. Twin data were analyzed by applying the additive genetic, common environmental and residual effects (ACE) model to determine heritability of brain regions that were associated with BMI. Results We observed positive associations between BMI and GMV in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the right cerebellum and widespread negative associations within the prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, temporal lobes and distinct subcortical structures. Varying degrees of heritability were found for BMI-associated brain regions, with highest heritability estimates for cerebellar GMV and subcortical structures. Conclusions These data indicate that brain regions associated with obesity are subject to differing levels of genetic control and environmental influences. Specific brain regions with high heritability might represent an inherent vulnerability factor for obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C M Weise
- Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P Piaggi
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M Reinhardt
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C R Savage
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - J Krakoff
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - B Pleger
- Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Neurology, BG University Clinic Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Iurchuk V, Schick D, Bran J, Colson D, Forget A, Halley D, Koc A, Reinhardt M, Kwamen C, Morley NA, Bargheer M, Viret M, Gumeniuk R, Schmerber G, Doudin B, Kundys B. Optical Writing of Magnetic Properties by Remanent Photostriction. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:107403. [PMID: 27636494 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.107403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We present an optically induced remanent photostriction in BiFeO_{3}, resulting from the photovoltaic effect, which is used to modify the ferromagnetism of Ni film in a hybrid BiFeO_{3}/Ni structure. The 75% change in coercivity in the Ni film is achieved via optical and nonvolatile control. This photoferromagnetic effect can be reversed by static or ac electric depolarization of BiFeO_{3}. Hence, the strain dependent changes in magnetic properties are written optically, and erased electrically. Light-mediated straintronics is therefore a possible approach for low-power multistate control of magnetic elements relevant for memory and spintronic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Iurchuk
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Cedex 2, Strasbourg, France
| | - D Schick
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Bran
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Cedex 2, Strasbourg, France
| | - D Colson
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris, Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - A Forget
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris, Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - D Halley
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Cedex 2, Strasbourg, France
| | - A Koc
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam/Golm, Germany
| | - M Reinhardt
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam/Golm, Germany
| | - C Kwamen
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam/Golm, Germany
| | - N A Morley
- University of Sheffield, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Mappin Street, Sheffield S1 3JD, United Kingdom
| | - M Bargheer
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Physik & Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam/Golm, Germany
| | - M Viret
- SPEC, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris, Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - R Gumeniuk
- Institut für Experimentelle Physik, TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Leipziger Straße 23, 09596 Freiberg, Germany
| | - G Schmerber
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Cedex 2, Strasbourg, France
| | - B Doudin
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Cedex 2, Strasbourg, France
| | - B Kundys
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-UdS 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Cedex 2, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
von Reppert A, Pudell J, Koc A, Reinhardt M, Leitenberger W, Dumesnil K, Zamponi F, Bargheer M. Persistent nonequilibrium dynamics of the thermal energies in the spin and phonon systems of an antiferromagnet. Struct Dyn 2016; 3:054302. [PMID: 27679803 PMCID: PMC5018005 DOI: 10.1063/1.4961253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We present a temperature and fluence dependent Ultrafast X-Ray Diffraction study of a laser-heated antiferromagnetic dysprosium thin film. The loss of antiferromagnetic order is evidenced by a pronounced lattice contraction. We devise a method to determine the energy flow between the phonon and spin system from calibrated Bragg peak positions in thermal equilibrium. Reestablishing the magnetic order is much slower than the cooling of the lattice, especially around the Néel temperature. Despite the pronounced magnetostriction, the transfer of energy from the spin system to the phonons in Dy is slow after the spin-order is lost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A von Reppert
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - J Pudell
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - A Koc
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin , Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Reinhardt
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin , Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - W Leitenberger
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - K Dumesnil
- Institut Jean Lamour (UMR CNRS 7198), Université Lorraine , Boulevard des Aiguillettes B.P. 239, F-54500 Vandoeuvre les Nancy Cédex, France
| | - F Zamponi
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam , Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Reinhardt M, Parigi AD, Chen K, Reiman EM, Thiyyagura P, Krakoff J, Hohenadel MG, Le DSNT, Weise CM. Deactivation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in Prader-Willi syndrome after meal consumption. Int J Obes (Lond) 2016; 40:1360-8. [PMID: 27121248 PMCID: PMC5014561 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2016.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a type of human genetic obesity that may give us information regarding the physiology of non-syndromic obesity. The objective of this study was to investigate the functional correlates of hunger and satiety in individuals with PWS in comparison with healthy controls with obesity, hypothesizing that we would see significant differences in activation in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) based on prior findings. SUBJECTS/METHODS This study compared the central effects of food consumption in nine individuals with PWS (7 men, 2 women; body fat 35.3±10.0%) and seven controls (7 men; body fat 28.8±7.6%), matched for percentage body fat. H2(15)O-PET (positron emission tomography) scans were performed before and after consumption of a standardized liquid meal to obtain quantitative measures of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), a marker of neuronal activity. RESULTS Compared with obese controls, PWS showed altered (P<0.05 family-wise error cluster-level corrected; voxelwise P<0.001) rCBF before and after meal consumption in multiple brain regions. There was a significant differential rCBF response within the left DLPFC after meal ingestion with decreases in DLPFC rCBF in PWS; in controls, DLPFC rCBF tended to remain unchanged. In more liberal analyses (P<0.05 family-wise error cluster-level corrected; voxelwise P<0.005), rCBF of the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) increased in PWS and decreased in controls. In PWS, ΔrCBF of the right OFC was associated with changes in appetite ratings. CONCLUSIONS The pathophysiology of eating behavior in PWS is characterized by a paradoxical meal-induced deactivation of the left DLPFC and activation in the right OFC, brain regions implicated in the central regulation of eating behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Reinhardt
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A D Parigi
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Ridgefield, CT, USA
| | - K Chen
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - E M Reiman
- Banner Alzheimer's Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Neurogenomics Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, University of Arizona, and Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | - J Krakoff
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M G Hohenadel
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - D S N T Le
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C M Weise
- Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Department of Neurology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Reinhardt M, Piaggi P, Thearle M, Krakoff J. Validierung vollautomatischer dual-röntgen-Absorptiometriemessungen von viszeralem Fettgewebe im Vergleich zu MRT. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1581325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
36
|
Griesinger F, Lüers A, Falk M, Conradi I, Reinhardt M, Kluge A, Willborn K, Prenzel R, Scriba DC, Henke R, Eberhardt W, Hallas C, Tiemann M. Intercalated TKI and chemotherapy induction in EGFR mt+ NSCLC stage IIIA and IIIB: report of 3 cases with complete pathologic remission in mediastinal lymph nodes. Pneumologie 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1572236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
37
|
Heintze S, Reinhardt M, Monreal D, Kolb E, Reinshagen J, Rousson V. Fatigue resistance of 3-unit zirconia and lithium disilicate molar FPDs. Dent Mater 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
38
|
Bojahr A, Gohlke M, Leitenberger W, Pudell J, Reinhardt M, von Reppert A, Roessle M, Sander M, Gaal P, Bargheer M. Second Harmonic Generation of Nanoscale Phonon Wave Packets. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:195502. [PMID: 26588396 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.195502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phonons are often regarded as delocalized quasiparticles with certain energy and momentum. The anharmonic interaction of phonons determines macroscopic properties of the solid, such as thermal expansion or thermal conductivity, and a detailed understanding becomes increasingly important for functional nanostructures. Although phonon-phonon scattering processes depicted in simple wave-vector diagrams are the basis of theories describing these macroscopic phenomena, experiments directly accessing these coupling channels are scarce. We synthesize monochromatic acoustic phonon wave packets with only a few cycles to introduce nonlinear phononics as the acoustic counterpart to nonlinear optics. Control of the wave vector, bandwidth, and consequently spatial extent of the phonon wave packets allows us to observe nonlinear phonon interaction, in particular, second harmonic generation, in real time by wave-vector-sensitive Brillouin scattering with x-rays and optical photons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Bojahr
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Gohlke
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - W Leitenberger
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - J Pudell
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Reinhardt
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - A von Reppert
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Roessle
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - M Sander
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - P Gaal
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - M Bargheer
- Institut für Physik and Astronomie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Reinhardt M, Schlögl M, Bonfiglio S, Votruba SB, Krakoff J, Thearle MS. Lower core body temperature and greater body fat are components of a human thrifty phenotype. Int J Obes (Lond) 2015; 40:754-60. [PMID: 26499440 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2015.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2015] [Revised: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES In small studies, a thrifty human phenotype, defined by a greater 24-hour energy expenditure (EE) decrease with fasting, is associated with less weight loss during caloric restriction. In rodents, models of diet-induced obesity often have a phenotype including a reduced EE and decreased core body temperature. We assessed whether a thrifty human phenotype associates with differences in core body temperature or body composition. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data for this cross-sectional analysis were obtained from 77 individuals participating in one of two normal physiology studies while housed on our clinical research unit. Twenty-four-hour EE using a whole-room indirect calorimeter and 24-h core body temperature were measured during 24 h each of fasting and 200% overfeeding with a diet consisting of 50% carbohydrates, 20% protein and 30% fat. Body composition was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry. To account for the effects of body size on EE, changes in EE were expressed as a percentage change from 24-hour EE (%EE) during energy balance. RESULTS A greater %EE decrease with fasting correlated with a smaller %EE increase with overfeeding (r=0.27, P=0.02). The %EE decrease with fasting was associated with both fat mass and abdominal fat mass, even after accounting for covariates (β=-0.16 (95% CI: -0.26, -0.06) %EE per kg fat mass, P=0.003; β=-0.0004 (-0.0007, -0.00004) %EE kg(-1) abdominal fat mass, P=0.03). In men, a greater %EE decrease in response to fasting was associated with a lower 24- h core body temperature, even after adjusting for covariates (β=1.43 (0.72, 2.15) %EE per 0.1 °C, P=0.0003). CONCLUSIONS Thrifty individuals, as defined by a larger EE decrease with fasting, were more likely to have greater overall and abdominal adiposity as well as lower core body temperature consistent with a more efficient metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Reinhardt
- Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M Schlögl
- Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA.,Department of Geriatrics and Aging Research, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Bonfiglio
- Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - S B Votruba
- Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - J Krakoff
- Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - M S Thearle
- Department of Health and Human Services, Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Berger MR, Yanapirut P, Reinhardt M, Klenner T, Scherf HR, Schmeiser HH, Eibl H. Antitumor activity of alkylphosphocholines and analogues in methylnitrosourea-induced rat mammary carcinomas. Prog Exp Tumor Res 2015; 34:98-115. [PMID: 1438807 DOI: 10.1159/000420836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M R Berger
- Institute of Toxicology and Chemotherapy, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Viswanathan R, Rana R, Lee Y, Alagkiozidis I, Reinhardt M, Arain A, Tolentino J, Pradhan T. Relationship of locus of control and depression to treatment adherence in gynecologic oncology patients. Gynecol Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2015.01.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
42
|
Hillmann A, Jung E, Engbers A, Reinhardt M, Wardemann H, Rieger M, Pap T, Jacobi A. A2.13 DNA-antibody complexes are internalised by podocytes. Ann Rheum Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2015-207259.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
43
|
Kökönyei G, Józan A, Morgan A, Szemenyei E, Urbán R, Reinhardt M, Demetrovics Z. Perseverative thoughts and subjective health complaints in adolescence: Mediating effects of perceived stress and negative affects. Psychol Health 2015; 30:969-86. [PMID: 25599581 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2015.1007982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Stable tendency to perseverative thoughts such as trait rumination and worry can influence somatic health. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between perseverative thoughts and somatic complaints, and the possible mediating effects of perceived stress, negative and positive affectivity in adolescence. Having an acute or a chronic condition was also assessed to be controlled for and to reveal their effects on symptom reporting. Three hundred and six adolescents from 7th to 12th grade with mean age of 16.33 (SD = 1.29) participated in the study. Mediation analysis suggested that impact of trait-like perseverative thoughts on complaints were mediated by perceived stress and negative affectivity. Having an acute condition had also an effect on symptom reporting through increased negative affectivity. Our results highlight that ruminations or worry as stable intrapersonal characteristics are relevant processes in health and can be potential targets in prevention programmes in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyöngyi Kökönyei
- a Institute of Psychology , Eötvös Loránd University , Budapest , Hungary
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Schumacher T, Brink I, Mix M, Reinhardt M, Herget G, Digel W, Henke M, Moser E, Nitzsche E. FDG-PET imaging for the staging and follow-up of small cell lung cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 28:483-8. [PMID: 11357499 DOI: 10.1007/s002590100474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The staging procedures for small cell lung cancer do not differ appreciably from those for other forms of lung cancer. For practical purposes, the TNM stages are usually collapsed into a simple binary classification: limited disease and extensive disease. This study was performed to answer the question of whether fluorine-18 labelled 2-deoxy-2-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging permits appropriate work-up (including both primary and follow-up staging) of patients presenting with small cell lung cancer, as compared with currently recommended staging procedures. Thirty-six FDG-PET examinations were performed in 30 patients with histologically proven small cell lung cancer. Twenty-four patients were examined for primary staging while four were imaged for therapy follow-up only. Two patients underwent both primary staging and up to four examinations for therapy follow-up. Static PET imaging was performed according to a standard protocol. Image reconstruction was based on an ordered subset expectation maximization algorithm including post-injection segmented attenuation correction. Results of FDG-PET were compared with those of the sum of other staging procedures. Identical results from FDG-PET and the sum of the other staging procedures were obtained in 23 of 36 examinations (6x limited disease, 12x extensive disease, 5x no evidence of disease). In contrast to the results of conventional staging, FDG-PET indicated extensive disease resulting in an up-staging in seven patients. In one patient in whom there was no evidence for tumour on conventional investigations following treatment, FDG-PET was suggestive of residual viability of the primary tumour. Furthermore, discordant results were observed in five patients with respect to lung, bone, liver and adrenal gland findings, although in these cases the results did not affect staging as limited or extensive disease. Moreover, FDG-PET appeared to be more sensitive for the detection of metastatic mediastinal and hilar lymph nodes and bone metastases. Finally, all findings considered suspicious for tumour involvement on the other staging procedures were also detected by FDG-PET. It is concluded that FDG-PET has potential for use as a simplified staging tool for small cell lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Schumacher
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, Albert Ludwigs University, Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kökönyei G, Urbán R, Reinhardt M, Józan A, Demetrovics Z. The Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale: Factor Structure in Chronic Pain Patients. J Clin Psychol 2013; 70:589-600. [DOI: 10.1002/jclp.22036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Melinda Reinhardt
- Eötvös Loránd University
- Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kreuzer M, Strobl M, Reinhardt M, Hemmer M, Hauß T, Dahint R, Steitz R. Impact of a model synovial fluid on supported lipid membranes. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes 2012; 1818:2648-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
47
|
Grunewald S, Reinhardt M, Blumenauer V, Hmeidan AF, Glander HJ, Paasch U. Effects of post-density gradient swim-up on apoptosis signalling in human spermatozoa. Andrologia 2010; 42:127-31. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2009.00978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
48
|
Hothorn M, Neumann H, Lenherr ED, Wehner M, Rybin V, Hassa PO, Uttenweiler A, Reinhardt M, Schmidt A, Seiler J, Ladurner AG, Herrmann C, Scheffzek K, Mayer A. Catalytic Core of a Membrane-Associated Eukaryotic Polyphosphate Polymerase. Science 2009; 324:513-6. [DOI: 10.1126/science.1168120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
49
|
Palmowski M, Peschke P, Huppert JH, Hauff P, Reinhardt M, Mäurer M, Huber P, Semmler W, Kießling F. Erfassung biologischer Effekte einer Schwerionentherapie auf die Tumorgefäße von Prostatakarzinomen-Modellen mittels Molekularer Ultraschallbildgebung. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1221635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
50
|
Abstract
Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors consisting of self-complementary genomes and packaged in certain capsids can target primary sensory neurons efficiently and can control neuropathic pain long term by expressing opioid or non-opioid analgesic genes. This review examines the therapeutic potential of the approach in five sections: Pain control in oncology (including a discussion of cancer centers as translational pain research environment); vector biology; safety considerations and immunological lessons learned from rAAV clinical trials of other disorders; development of intrathecal rAAV therapy in rodent models of pain; and preclinical steps towards clinical translation of rAAV for pain. In the field of analgesic drug development, clinical validation of new approaches identified in rodents is currently a critical limiting step. Small-molecule therapeutics suitable as conventional drugs to probe novel targets in clinical trials are often unavailable. In this context, gene therapy could fill an important gap in the drug development process facilitating first-into-human trials of untested targeted treatments, each instantiated as a therapeutic gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Beutler
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|