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Li X, Li Y, Chernick M, Hinton DE, Zheng N, Du C, Dong W, Wang S, Hou S. Single and mixture toxicity of cadmium and copper to swim bladder in early life stages of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Environ Geochem Health 2024; 46:27. [PMID: 38225481 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01817-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Toxicity observed in aquatic ecosystems often cannot be explained by the action of a single pollutant. Likewise, evaluation standards formulated by a single effect cannot truly reflect the environmental quality requirements. The study of mixtures is needed to provide environmental relevance and knowledge of combined toxicity. In this study, the embryos of Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were treated with individual and binary mixture of copper (Cu) and cadmium (Cd) until 12 days post-fertilization (dpf). Hatching, mortality, development, histology and gene expression were assessed. Our results showed that the highest concentration mixture of Cd (10 mg/L) and Cu (1 mg/L) affected survival, hatching time and hatching success. Occurrence of uninflated swim bladder was the highest (value) with exposure to 10 mg/L Cd. Swim bladder was commonly over-inflated in a mixture (0.1 mg/L Cd + 1.0 mg/L Cu) exposure. Individuals exposed to the mixture (0.1 Cd + 1.0 Cu mg/L) showed up to a 7.69% increase in swim bladder area compared to the control group. The mixtures containing 0.1 or 10 mg/L Cd, each with 1.0 mg/L Cu resulted in significantly increased of Pbx1b expression, higher than any Cd or Cu alone (p < 0.01). In the co-exposure group (0.1/10 Cd + 1.0 Cu mg/L), Pbx1b expression was found at 12 dpf but not 7 dpf in controls. Higher concentrations of Cd may progressively reduce Pbx1b expression, potentially explaining why 75% of individuals in the 10 mg/L Cd group failed to inflate their swim bladders. Additionally, the swim bladder proved to be a valuable bio-indicator for biological evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Yunyang Li
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0328, USA
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708-0328, USA
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Chenyang Du
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Hohhot, 028000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Sujing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, 2519 Jiefang Road, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Shengnan Hou
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, Jilin, China
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Chernick M, Kennedy A, Thomas T, Scott KCK, Hendren CO, Wiesner MR, Hinton DE. Impacts of ingested MWCNT-Embedded nanocomposites in Japanese medaka ( Oryzias latipes). Nanotoxicology 2022; 15:1403-1422. [PMID: 35166633 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2022.2028919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Polymer nanocomposites combine the versatile, lightweight characteristics of polymers with the properties of nanomaterials. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) is commonly used in polymer additive manufacturing due to its controllable transparency, high modulus, and mechanical properties. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) add tensile strength, electrical conductivity, and thermal stability. The increased use of nanocomposites has led to concern over potential human health risks. We assessed morphologic alterations to determine impacts of ingested abraded nanocomposites compared to its component materials, pristine MWCNTs (1000 mg/L) and PETG. Adult transparent Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were administered materials via oral gavage in 7 doses over 16 days. In vivo observations revealed altered livers and gallbladders following exposure to pristine MWCNTs and nanocomposites. Subsequent histologic sections showed fish exposed to pristine MWCNTs had highly altered biliary structures, and exposure to nanocomposites resulted in hepatocellular alteration. Thyroid follicle proliferation was also observed in fish exposed to materials containing MWCNTs. Transmission electron microscopy of livers showed that hepatocytes of fish exposed to MWCNTs had widespread swelling of rough endoplasmic reticulum, pronounced lysosomal activity, and swelling of intrahepatic biliary passageways. Fish exposed to nanocomposites had areas of degenerated hepatocytes with interspersed cellular debris. Each analysis showed that fish exposed to pristine PETG were most similar to controls. These results suggest that MWCNTs are the source of toxicity in abraded nanocomposite materials but that nanocomposites may also have some unique effects. The similarities of many teleost and mammalian tissues are such that these findings may indicate human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alan Kennedy
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Environmental Laboratory, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - Treye Thomas
- United States Consumer Product Safety Commission, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keana C K Scott
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Christine Ogilvie Hendren
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Mark R Wiesner
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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Zhang YT, Chen M, He S, Fang C, Chen M, Li D, Wu D, Chernick M, Hinton DE, Bo J, Xie L, Mu J. Microplastics decrease the toxicity of triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) in the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) larvae. Sci Total Environ 2021; 763:143040. [PMID: 33129518 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plastics have been recognized as a serious threat to the environment. Besides their own toxicity, microplastics can interact with other environmental pollutants, acting as carriers and potentially modulating their toxicity. In this study, the toxicity of polystyrene (PS) microplastic fragments (plain PS; carboxylated PS, PS-COOH and aminated PS, PS-NH2) and triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) (an emerging organophosphate flame retardant) at the environmentally relevant concentrations to the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) larvae was investigated. Larvae were exposed to 20 μg/L of microplastic fragments or 20 and 100 μg/L of TPhP or a combination of both for 7 days. The results showed that the three microplastics did not affect the larval locomotor activity. For TPhP, the larval moving duration and distance moved were significantly decreased by the TPhP exposure, with a maximum decrease of 43.5% and 59.4% respectively. Exposure to 100 μg/L TPhP respectively down-regulated the expression levels of sine oculis homeobox homologue 3 (six3) and short wavelength-sensitive type 2 (sws2) by 19.1% and 41.7%, suggesting that TPhP might disturb eye development and photoreception and consequently the low locomotor activity in the larvae. Interestingly, during the binary mixture exposure, the presence of PS, PS-COOH or PS-NH2 reversed the low locomotor activity induced by 100 μg/L TPhP to the normal level. Relative to the larvae from the 100 μg/L TPhP group, the movement duration and distance moved were increased by approximately 60% and 100%, respectively, in the larvae from the TPhP + PS, TPhP + PS-COOH and TPhP + PS-NH2 groups. However, the gene expression profiles were distinct among the fish from the TPhP + PS, TPhP + PS-COOH and TPhP + PS-NH2 groups, implying different mechanisms underlying the reversal of the locomotor activity. The findings in this study challenge the general view that microplastics aggravate the toxicity of the adsorbed pollutants, and help better understand the environmental risk of microplastic pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ting Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Mengyun Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shuiqing He
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Mingliang Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Dan Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicant and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Jingli Mu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
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Chernick M, Burke T, Lieberman N, Brown DR, Di Giulio RT, Hinton DE. Heart development in two populations of Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) following exposure to a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon mixture. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2021; 208:111580. [PMID: 33396103 PMCID: PMC7837385 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Historic industrial pollution of the Elizabeth River, Virginia resulted in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) contamination in sediments. Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting the Atlantic Wood (AW) industrial site adapted to complex PAH mixture at this Superfund site. Their embryos have proved highly resistant to cardiac abnormalities indicative of PAH toxicity. In this study, embryos spawned from adults collected at AW and King's Creek (KC), a reference site, were exposed at 24 h post fertilization (hpf) to Elizabeth River Sediment Extract (ERSE), a complex PAH mixture, in a range of concentrations (0, 5.04, 50.45, 100.90, 151.35, or 252.25 µg/L total PAHs). Embryos were processed for histology at 144 hpf to enable evaluations of hearts at tissue and cellular levels. Morphometry and severity scoring were used to evaluate the extent of alterations. Unexposed embryos were similar in both populations. ERSE exposure resulted in multiple changes to hearts of KC embryos but not AW. Alterations were particularly evident in KC embryos exposed to concentrations above 1% ERSE (50.45 µg/L), which had thinner ventricular walls and larger pericardial edema. Individuals with moderate pericardial edema maintained arrangement and proximity of heart chambers, but changes were seen in ventricular myocytes. Severe pericardial edema was prevalent in exposed KC embryos and typically resulted in tube heart formation. Ventricles of tube hearts had very thin walls composed of small, basophilic cells and lacked trabeculae. Edematous pericardial fluid contained small amounts of proteinaceous material, as did controls, and was free of cells. This fluid was primarily unstained, suggesting water influx due to increased permeability. The use of histological approaches provided more specific detail for tissue and cellular effects in hearts of embryos exposed to PAHs and enabled understanding of potential links to later life effects of early life exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham 27708, NC, USA
| | | | - Noah Lieberman
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham 27708, NC, USA
| | - Daniel R Brown
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham 27708, NC, USA; Department of Biology Western Carolina University Cullowhee, 28723, NC, USA
| | | | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham 27708, NC, USA.
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Wang H, Chen H, Chernick M, Li D, Ying GG, Yang J, Zheng N, Xie L, Hinton DE, Dong W. Selenomethionine exposure affects chondrogenic differentiation and bone formation in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). J Hazard Mater 2020; 387:121720. [PMID: 31812480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Excess selenium entering the aquatic environment from anthropogenic activities has been associated with developmental abnormalities in fish including skeletal deformities of the head and spine. However, mechanisms of this developmental toxicity have not been well-characterized. In this study, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos were exposed to seleno-l-methionine (Se-Met) in a range of concentrations. Gene expression was evaluated for sex-determining region Y (SRY)-related box (Sox9a and Sox9b), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and melatonin receptor (Mtr). Alterations in the length of Meckel's cartilage, tail curvature, and decreased calcification were observed in skeletal stains at 10- and 22-days post-fertilization (dpf). Embryonic exposure of Osterix-mCherry transgenic medaka resulted in fewer teeth. Sox9a and Sox9b were up-regulated, while Runx2 and Mtr were down-regulated by Se-Met prior to hatch. Whole mount in situ hybridization (WISH) localized gene expression to areas observed to be affected in vivo. In addition, Se-Met exposures of a Mtr morpholino (Mtr-MO) as well as Luzindole exposed embryos developed similar skeletal malformations, supporting involvement of Mtr. These findings demonstrate that Se-Met modulates expression of key genes involved in chondrogenic differentiation and bone formation during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Dan Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Guang-Guo Ying
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jingfeng Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao, 028000, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA; Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environment, South China Normal University, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
| | - Wu Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao, 028000, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
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Hu L, Chernick M, Lewis AM, Ferguson PL, Hinton DE. Chronic microfiber exposure in adult Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229962. [PMID: 32150587 PMCID: PMC7062270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microplastic fibers (MFs) pollute aquatic habitats globally via sewage release, stormwater runoff, or atmospheric deposition. Of the synthetic MFs, polyester (PES) and polypropylene (PP) are the most common. Field studies show that fish ingest large quantities of MFs. However, few laboratory studies have addressed host responses, particularly at the organ and tissue levels. Adult Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), a laboratory model fish, were exposed to aqueous concentrations of PES or PP MFs (10,000 MFs/L) for 21 days. Medaka egested 1,367 ± 819 PES MFs (0.1 ± 0.04 mg) and 157 ± 105 PP MFs (1.4 ± 0.06 mg) per 24 hrs, with PP egestion increasing over time. Exposure did not result in changes in body condition, gonadosomatic- or hepatosomatic indices. PES exposure resulted in no reproductive changes, but females exposed to PP MFs produced more eggs over time. MF exposure did not affect embryonic mortality, development, or hatching. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of gills revealed denuding of epithelium on arches, fusion of primary lamellae, and increased mucus. Histologic sections revealed aneurysms in secondary lamellae, epithelial lifting, and swellings of inner opercular membrane that altered morphology of rostral most gill lamellae. SEM and histochemical analyses showed increased mucous cells and secretions on epithelium of foregut; however, overt abrasions with sloughing of cells were absent. For these reasons, increased focus at the tissue and cell levels proved necessary to appreciate toxicity associated with MFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Hu
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anna M. Lewis
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - P. Lee Ferguson
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - David E. Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhu M, Chernick M, Rittschof D, Hinton DE. Chronic dietary exposure to polystyrene microplastics in maturing Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). Aquat Toxicol 2020; 220:105396. [PMID: 31927063 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Fish studies report consumption of microplastics (MPs) in the field, and concern exists over associated risks. However, laboratory studies with adult fish are scarce. In this study, outbred and see-through Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) were fed diets amended with 500, 1000, or 2000 μg/g 10 μm fluorescent spherical polystyrene microplastics (MPs) for 10 weeks during their maturation from juveniles to spawning adults. No behavioral changes, growth differences, or mortalities occurred. In vivo examinations and histologic sections showed no evidence of translocation of MPs from the gut to other internal organs. Mature females experienced dose-dependent decreases in egg number. Scanning electron microscopic examination of gills and gut revealed MPs in both areas. Swollen enterocytes were observed on apices of gut folds only in exposed fish. These were particularly apparent in foreguts of the high exposure group. Enterocytes with eroded brush borders were found in foregut of high and medium exposure groups. Increased mucus production, in long strands and sheets, was seen over primary and secondary lamellae of gills. Histological analysis showed alteration in buccal cavity, kidney, and spleen. Thickening and roughening of epithelium in headgut and pharynx and cellular alterations in spleen occurred. Head kidney was the primary site of alteration. Glomerulopathy and nephrogenesis were observed in exposed fish, increasing in severity with exposure level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhu
- Integrated Toxicology & Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Inner Mongolia University of Finance and Economics, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010051, China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Integrated Toxicology & Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Daniel Rittschof
- Integrated Toxicology & Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Duke University Marine Laboratory, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - David E Hinton
- Integrated Toxicology & Environmental Health Program, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Dong W, Wang F, Fang M, Wu J, Wang S, Li M, Yang J, Chernick M, Hinton DE, Pei DS, Chen H, Zheng N, Mu J, Xie L, Dong W. Use of biological detection methods to assess dioxin-like compounds in sediments of Bohai Bay, China. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2019; 173:339-346. [PMID: 30784797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bohai Bay, in the western region of northeastern China's Bohai Sea, receives water from large rivers containing various pollutants including dioxin-like compounds (DLCs). This study used the established zebrafish (Danio rerio) model, its known developmental toxicity endpoints and sensitive molecular analyses to evaluate sediments near and around an industrial effluent site in Bohai Bay. The primary objective was to assess the efficacy of rapid biological detection methods as an addition to chemical analyses. Embryos were exposed to various concentrations of sediment extracts as well as a 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) positive control. Exposure to sediment extract nearest the discharge site (P1) resulted in the most severe- and highest rates of change in embryos and larvae, suggesting that DLC contaminated sediment probably did not occur much beyond it. P1 extract resulted in concentration dependent increases in mortality and pericardial edema. Its highest concentration caused up-regulation of P-450 (CYP)-1A1(CYP1A) mRNA expression at 72 h post fertilization (hpf), an increase in its expression in gill arches as observed by whole mount in situ hybridization, and an increased signal in the Tg(cyp1a: mCherry) transgenic line. The pattern and magnitude of response was very similar to that of TCDD and supported the presence of DLCs in these sediment samples. Follow-up chemical analysis confirmed this presence and identified H7CDF, O8CDF and O8CDD as the main components in P1 extract. This study validates the use of biological assays as a rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective method to evaluate DLCs and their effects in sediment samples. Additionally, it provides support for the conclusion that DLCs have limited remobilization capacity in marine sediments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Jie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Shuaiyu Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Jingfeng Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - De-Sheng Pei
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, 130021, China
| | - Jingli Mu
- Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Wu Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao 028000, China.
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Chen X, Fang M, Chernick M, Wang F, Yang J, Yu Y, Zheng N, Teraoka H, Nanba S, Hiraga T, Hinton DE, Dong W. The case for thyroid disruption in early life stage exposures to thiram in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 271:73-81. [PMID: 30408483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Thiram, a pesticide in the dithiocarbamate chemical family, is widely used to prevent fungal disease in seeds and crops. Its off-site movement to surface waters occurs and may place aquatic organisms at potential harm. Zebrafish embryos were used for investigation of acute (1 h) thiram exposure (0.001-10 µM) at various developmental stages. Survival decreased at 1 µM and 10 µM and hatching was delayed at 0.1 µM and 1 µM. Notochord curvatures were seen at 0.1 and 1 μM thiram when exposure was initiated at 2 and at 10 hpf. Similar notochord curvatures followed exposure to the known TPO inhibitor, methimazole (MMI). Changes were absent in embryos exposed at later stages, i.e., 12 hpf. In embryos exposed to 0.1 or 1 μM at 10 hpf, levels of the thyroid enzyme, Deiodinase 3, increased by 12 hpf. Thyroid peroxide (TPO), important in T4 synthesis, decreased by 48 hpf in embryos exposed to 1 µM at 10 hpf. Thiram toxicity was stage-dependent and early life stage exposure may be responsible for adverse effects seen later. These effects may be due to impacts on the thyroid via regulation of specific thyroid genes including TPO and Deiodinase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Feng Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Jingfeng Yang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Yongli Yu
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China
| | - Na Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Hiroki Teraoka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Satomi Nanba
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - Takeo Hiraga
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu 069-8501, Japan
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
| | - Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia 028000, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, USA.
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10
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Abstract
Although microplastic (MP) pollution in freshwater systems is gaining attention, our knowledge of its distribution in small waterbodies is scarce. Small waterbodies are freshwater habitats to many species, including amphibians, that are vulnerable to MP pollution. This study analyzed the distribution and characteristics of MPs in 25 small waterbodies from the Yangtze River Delta, China. MPs were detected in surface water, sediment, and tadpoles with abundances ranging from 0.48 to 21.52 items L-1, 35.76 to 3185.33 items kg-1, and 0 to 2.73 items individual-1 (0 to 168.48 items g-1), respectively. The dominant shape and polymer of MPs in water and tadpole samples were polyester (PES) fibers, and polypropylene (PP) fibers and fragments were dominant in sediment samples. In addition, MPs were primarily <0.5 mm in length in all samples. Tadpole length was positively correlated to the number of MPs detected. The abundance, shape, and polymer distribution of MPs in tadpoles resembled that of water rather than sediment, suggesting that tadpoles likely take up MPs from the surrounding water. This study demonstrated that MPs are abundant in these small waterbodies and are ingested by resident tadpoles. This may suggest a pathway of MP entry into aquatic and terrestrial food webs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
- Nicholas School of the Environment , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment , Duke University , Durham , North Carolina 27708 , United States
| | - Huahong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200062 , China
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11
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Wang F, Fang M, Hinton DE, Chernick M, Jia S, Zhang Y, Xie L, Dong W, Dong W. Increased coiling frequency linked to apoptosis in the brain and altered thyroid signaling in zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio) exposed to the PBDE metabolite 6-OH-BDE-47. Chemosphere 2018; 198:342-350. [PMID: 29421749 PMCID: PMC7006228 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a group of brominated flame retardants that are ubiquitously detected in the environment and associated with adverse health outcomes. 6-OH-BDE-47 is a metabolite of the flame retardant, 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), and there is increasing concern regarding its developmental neurotoxicity and endocrine disrupting properties. In this study, we report that early life exposure in zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos to 6-OH-BDE-47 (50 and 100 nM) resulted in higher coiling frequency and significantly increased apoptotic cells in the brain. These effects were partially rescued by overexpression of thyroid hormone receptor β (THRβ) mRNA. Moreover, exposure to 100 nM 6-OH-BDE-47 significantly reduced the number of hypothalamic 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT, serotonin)-immunoreactive (5-HT-ir) neurons and the mRNA expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2). These results indicate that 6-OH-BDE-47 affected thyroid hormone regulation through THRβ and negatively impacted the nervous system, in turn, affecting coiling behavior. Correlations of these endpoints suggest that coiling frequency could be used as an indicator of neurotoxicity in embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, 028000, China
| | - Mingliang Fang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States
| | - Shenglan Jia
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yingdan Zhang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lingtian Xie
- The Environmental Research Institute, MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Wenjing Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, 028000, China
| | - Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Collage of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, Inner Mongolia, 028000, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, United States.
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12
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Brown DR, Thompson J, Chernick M, Hinton DE, Di Giulio RT. Later life swimming performance and persistent heart damage following subteratogenic PAH mixture exposure in the Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus). Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:3246-3253. [PMID: 28585726 PMCID: PMC5942201 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
High-level, acute exposures to individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and complex PAH mixtures result in cardiac abnormalities in developing fish embryos. Whereas acute PAH exposures can be developmentally lethal, little is known about the later life consequences of early life, lower level PAH exposures in survivors. A population of PAH-adapted Fundulus heteroclitus from the PAH-contaminated Superfund site, Atlantic Wood Industries, Elizabeth River, Portsmouth, Virginia, United States, is highly resistant to acute PAH cardiac teratogenicity. We sought to determine and characterize long-term swimming performance and cardiac histological alterations of a subteratogenic PAH mixture exposure in both reference killifish and PAH-adapted Atlantic Wood killifish embryos. Killifish from a relatively uncontaminated reference site, King's Creek, Virginia, United States, and Atlantic Wood killifish were treated with dilutions of Elizabeth River sediment extract at 24 h post fertilization (hpf). Two proven subteratogenic dilutions, 0.1 and 1.0% Elizabeth River sediment extract (total PAH 5.04 and 50.4 µg/L, respectively), were used for embryo exposures. Then, at 5-mo post hatching, killifish were subjected to a swim performance test. A separate subset of these individuals was processed for cardiac histological analysis. Unexposed King's Creek killifish significantly outperformed the unexposed Atlantic Wood killifish in swimming performance as measured by Ucrit (i.e., critical swimming speed). However, King's Creek killifish exposed to Elizabeth River sediment extract (both 0.1 and 1.0%) showed significant declines in Ucrit. Histological analysis revealed the presence of blood in the pericardium of King's Creek killifish. Although Atlantic Wood killifish showed baseline performance deficits relative to King's Creek killifish, their pericardial cavities were nearly free of blood and atrial and ventricular alterations. These findings may explain, in part, the diminished swimming performance of King's Creek fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:3246-3253. © 2017 SETAC.
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Mu J, Chernick M, Dong W, Di Giulio RT, Hinton DE. Early life co-exposures to a real-world PAH mixture and hypoxia result in later life and next generation consequences in medaka (Oryzias latipes). Aquat Toxicol 2017; 190:162-173. [PMID: 28728047 PMCID: PMC5584607 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute effects of individual and complex mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are well documented in vertebrate species. Hypoxia in fish reduces metabolic rate and reproduction. However, less is known about the later life consequences stemming from early-life exposure to PAHs or hypoxia, particularly their co-exposure. To address this, medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos were exposed to a complex PAH mixture sediment extract from the Elizabeth River, VA (ERSE) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, or 1.0% or to one of three different hypoxia scenarios: continuous, nocturnal, or late stage embryogenesis hypoxia. Co-exposures with 0.1% ERSE and each of the hypoxia scenarios were conducted. Results included decreased survival with ERSE, hatching delays with hypoxia, and higher occurrences of deformities with each. The continuous hypoxia scenario caused the most significant changes in all endpoints. These early-life exposures altered later-life growth, impaired reproductive capacity, and reduced the quality of their offspring. ERSE alone resulted in a female-biased sex ratio while continuous or nocturnal hypoxia produced significantly greater numbers of males; and co-exposure produced an equal sex ratio. Exposure to a PAH mixture and hypoxia during early life stages has meaningful later-life and next generational consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Mu
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Key Laboratory for Ecological Environment in Coastal Areas (SOA), National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Wu Dong
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities/Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Toxicant Monitoring and Toxicology, Tongliao, China
| | | | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
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14
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Macaulay LJ, Chernick M, Chen A, Hinton DE, Bailey JM, Kullman SW, Levin ED, Stapleton HM. Exposure to a PBDE/OH-BDE mixture alters juvenile zebrafish (Danio rerio) development. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017; 36:36-48. [PMID: 27329031 PMCID: PMC5535307 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and their metabolites (e.g., hydroxylated BDEs [OH-BDEs]) are contaminants frequently detected together in human tissues and are structurally similar to thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones partially mediate metamorphic transitions between life stages in zebrafish, making this a critical developmental window that may be vulnerable to chemicals disrupting thyroid signaling. In the present study, zebrafish were exposed to 6-OH-BDE-47 (30 nM; 15 μg/L) alone, or to a low-dose (30 μg/L) or high-dose (600 μg/L) mixture of PentaBDEs, 6-OH-BDE-47 (0.5-6 μg/L), and 2,4,6-tribromophenol (5-100 μg/L) during juvenile development (9-23 d postfertilization) and evaluated for developmental endpoints mediated by thyroid hormone signaling. Fish were sampled at 3 time points and examined for developmental and skeletal morphology, apical thyroid and skeletal gene markers, and modifications in swimming behavior (as adults). Exposure to the high-dose mixture resulted in >85% mortality within 1 wk of exposure, despite being below reported acute toxicity thresholds for individual congeners. The low-dose mixture and 6-OH-BDE-47 groups exhibited reductions in body length and delayed maturation, specifically relating to swim bladder, fin, and pigmentation development. Reduced skeletal ossification was also observed in 6-OH-BDE-47-treated fish. Assessment of thyroid and osteochondral gene regulatory networks demonstrated significantly increased expression of genes that regulate skeletal development and thyroid hormones. Overall, these results indicate that exposures to PBDE/OH-BDE mixtures adversely impact zebrafish maturation during metamorphosis. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:36-48. © 2016 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Macaulay
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Albert Chen
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - David E. Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
| | - Jordan M. Bailey
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Seth W. Kullman
- Department of Biological Sciences, NC State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA
| | - Edward D. Levin
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 USA
| | - Heather M. Stapleton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 USA
- Corresponding author: Heather Stapleton, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Box 90328 LSRC A220, Durham, NC 27708, Phone: 919-613-8717, Fax: (919) 684-8741.,
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15
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Dong W, Liu J, Wei L, Jingfeng Y, Chernick M, Hinton DE. Developmental toxicity from exposure to various forms of mercury compounds in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) embryos. PeerJ 2016; 4:e2282. [PMID: 27635309 PMCID: PMC5012308 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined developmental toxicity of different mercury compounds, including some used in traditional medicines. Medaka (Oryzias latipes) embryos were exposed to 0.001–10 µM concentrations of MeHg, HgCl2, α-HgS (Zhu Sha), and β-HgS (Zuotai) from stage 10 (6–7 hpf) to 10 days post fertilization (dpf). Of the forms of mercury in this study, the organic form (MeHg) proved the most toxic followed by inorganic mercury (HgCl2), both producing embryo developmental toxicity. Altered phenotypes included pericardial edema with elongated or tube heart, reduction of eye pigmentation, and failure of swim bladder inflation. Both α-HgS and β-HgS were less toxic than MeHg and HgCl2. Total RNA was extracted from survivors three days after exposure to MeHg (0.1 µM), HgCl2 (1 µM), α-HgS (10 µM), or β-HgS (10 µM) to examine toxicity-related gene expression. MeHg and HgCl2 markedly induced metallothionein (MT) and heme oxygenase-1 (Ho-1), while α-HgS and β-HgS failed to induce either gene. Chemical forms of mercury compounds proved to be a major determinant in their developmental toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Dong
- Inner Mongolia Provincial Key Laboratory for Toxicants and Animal Disease, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao, China; Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Jie Liu
- Zunyi Medical College, Department of Pharmacology , Zunyi , China
| | - Lixin Wei
- Department of Tibetan Medicine, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining , China
| | - Yang Jingfeng
- Inner Mongolia Provincial Key Laboratory for Toxicants and Animal Disease, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities , Tongliao , China
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University , Durham , NC , United States
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University , Durham , NC , United States
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16
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Kwok KWH, Dong W, Marinakos SM, Liu J, Chilkoti A, Wiesner MR, Chernick M, Hinton DE. Silver nanoparticle toxicity is related to coating materials and disruption of sodium concentration regulation. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1306-17. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1206150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W. H. Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, China,
| | - Wu Dong
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tong Liao, China,
| | | | - Jie Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Chemistry, Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Mark R. Wiesner
- Department of Chemistry, Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,
| | - David E. Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment and Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA,
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Riley AK, Chernick M, Brown DR, Hinton DE, Di Giulio RT. Hepatic Responses of Juvenile Fundulus heteroclitus from Pollution-adapted and Nonadapted Populations Exposed to Elizabeth River Sediment Extract. Toxicol Pathol 2016; 44:738-48. [PMID: 26992886 DOI: 10.1177/0192623316636717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Atlantic killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) inhabiting the Atlantic Wood Industries region of the Elizabeth River, Virginia, have passed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) resistance to their offspring as evidenced by early life stage testing of developmental toxicity after exposure to specific PAHs. Our study focused on environmentally relevant PAH mixtures in the form of Elizabeth River sediment extract (ERSE). Juvenile (5 month) F1 progeny of pollution-adapted Atlantic Wood (AW) parents and of reference site (King's Creek [KC]) parents were exposed as embryos to ERSE. Liver alterations, including nonneoplastic lesions and microvesicular vacuolation, were observed in both populations. ERSE-exposed KC fish developed significantly more alterations than unexposed KC fish. Interestingly, unexposed AW killifish developed significantly more alterations than unexposed KC individuals, suggesting that AW juveniles are not fully protected from liver disease; rapid growth of juvenile fish may also be an accelerating factor for tumorigenesis. Because recent reports show hepatic tumor formation in adult AW fish, the differing responses from the 2 populations provided a way to determine whether embryo toxicity protection extends to juveniles. Future investigations will analyze older life stages of killifish to determine differences in responses related to chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Riley
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA Biology Department, Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Daniel R Brown
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Richard T Di Giulio
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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18
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Chernick M, Ware M, Albright E, Kwok KWH, Dong W, Zheng N, Hinton DE. Parental dietary seleno-L-methionine exposure and resultant offspring developmental toxicity. Aquat Toxicol 2016; 170:187-198. [PMID: 26655662 PMCID: PMC4698014 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) leaches into water from agricultural soils and from storage sites for coal fly ash. Se toxicity causes population and community level effects in fishes and birds. We used the laboratory aquarium model fish, Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes), an asynchronous breeder, to determine aspects of uptake in adults and resultant developmental toxicity in their offspring. The superior imaging properties of the model enabled detailed descriptions of phenotypic alterations not commonly reported in the existing Se literature. Adult males and females in treatment groups were exposed, separately and together, to a dry diet spiked with 0, 12.5, 25, or 50 μg/g (dry weight) seleno-L-methionine (SeMet) for 6 days, and their embryo progeny collected for 5 days, maintained under controlled conditions and observed daily for hatchability, mortality and/or developmental toxicity. Sites of alteration included: craniofacial, pericardium and abdomen (Pc/Ab), notochord, gall bladder, spleen, blood, and swim bladder. Next, adult tissue Se concentrations (liver, skeletal muscle, ovary and testis) were determined and compared in treatment groups of bred and unbred individuals. No significant difference was found across treatment groups at the various SeMet concentrations; and, subsequent analysis compared exposed vs. control in each of the treatment groups at 10 dpf. Increased embryo mortality was observed in all treatment groups, compared to controls, and embryos had a decreased hatching rate when both parents were exposed. Exposure resulted in significantly more total altered phenotypes than controls. When altered phenotypes following exposure of both parents were higher than maternal only exposure, a male role was suggested. The comparisons between treatment groups revealed that particular types of phenotypic change may be driven by the sex of the exposed parent. Additionally, breeding reduced Se concentrations in some adult tissues, specifically the liver of exposed females and skeletal muscle of exposed males. Detailed phenotypic analysis of progeny from SeMet exposed parents should inform investigations of later life stages in an effort to determine consequences of early life exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Chernick
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Megan Ware
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Elizabeth Albright
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Kevin W H Kwok
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Wu Dong
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Na Zheng
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - David E Hinton
- Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
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Zhu TG, Patel C, Martin S, Quan X, Wu Y, Burke JF, Chernick M, Kowey PR, Yan GX. Ventricular transmural repolarization sequence: its relationship with ventricular relaxation and role in ventricular diastolic function. Eur Heart J 2008; 30:372-80. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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20
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Ravnik-Glavac M, Dean M, di Sant'Agnese P, Chernick M, Kozelj M, Krizman I, Glavac D. Evidence that hereditary pancreatitis is genetically heterogeneous disorder. Pflugers Arch 2000; 439:R50-2. [PMID: 10653140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Hereditary pancreatitis (HP) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by recurrent acute attacks of severe abdominal pain with an onset in early childhood. Many HP patients progress to complicated chronic pancreatitis and/or pancreatic cancer. Initially, a single mutation R117H in the cationic trypsinogen gene was detected in all affected members of five unrelated HP families. Further studies identified a second mutation (N21L) in two HP families without the R117H mutation. Before the association between cationic trypsinogen and HP was found, we detected a cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutation (L327R) in all affected individuals of a family with HP. We therefore performed a mutational analysis for R117H and N21L in cationic trypsinogen in this and three additional unrelated families with HP. The R117H mutation was detected in all 9 affected members of three HP families and in 3 asymptomatic but at-risk relatives. However, neither the R117H nor the N21L mutation in the cationic trypsinogen were found in the HP family with the L327R alteration in CFTR. The L327R allele segregates with the disease within this HP family and was not detected on 360 unrelated Caucasian non-CF chromosomes. Although close to 800 different mutations have been detected in the CF gene of cystic fibrosis patients, L327R is a new alteration, not yet reported in connection with CF. The results of this study indicate that the CFTR gene may play a role in the etiology of minority of cases with HP and suggest that hereditary pancreatitis is genetically heterogeneous disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ravnik-Glavac
- University of Ljubljana, Medical Faculty, Institute of Biochemistry, Slovenia
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Petreska L, Koceva S, Plaseska D, Chernick M, Gordova-Muratovska A, Fustic S, Nestorov R, Efremov GD. Molecular basis of cystic fibrosis in the Republic of Macedonia. Clin Genet 1998; 54:203-9. [PMID: 9788722 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1998.tb04285.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Eighty-three cystic fibrosis (CF) patients and their families, belonging to various ethnic groups living in the Republic of Macedonia were studied for molecular defects in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, and for the associated extragenic marker loci XV-2c and KM19. The DNA methodology used included characterization of CFTR mutations in 19 exons (and flanking sequences) of the gene and analysis of distribution of the XV-2c/KM19 haplotypes among normal (N) and CF chromosomes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification followed by dot blot hybridization, restriction digestion, single-strand conformational polymorphism, constant denaturing gel electrophoresis, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and sequencing. We identified 58.4% (97/166) of the CF chromosomes. Nine different CFTR gene mutations, including three novel ones, were found. Eight known and one new CFTR intragene polymorphisms were also characterized. The haplotype analysis of the XV-2c/TaqI and KM19/PstI polymorphic loci have shown that haplotype C is the most frequently found haplotype among the non-deltaF508 CF chromosomes from Macedonia (36.5%). The results demonstrate the broad heterogeneity of CF origin in this part of the Balkan Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Petreska
- Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
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Abstract
To determine the potential role of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene in the etiology of Hereditary Pancreatits (HP), we analyzed this gene in two HP families. PCR-SSCP analysis was employed, followed by direct sequencing of DNA samples showing alterations by SSCP. A new alteration not yet detected in connection with CF was detected in one HP family. The alteration is in exon 7 and causes an amino acid change from Leu to Arg at position 327 (L327R). L327R segregates with the disease within the family. We discovered another novel alteration (V1190P) in an HP patient of the second family. These results indicate that CFTR gene mutations may be involved in the etiology of HP and represent a challenge for further study of the role of (CTFR) in other digestive diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ravnik-Glavac
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Ravnik-Glavac M, Glavac D, Chernick M, di Sant'Agnese P, Dean M. Screening for CF mutations in adult cystic fibrosis patients with a directed and optimized SSCP strategy. Hum Mutat 1994; 3:231-8. [PMID: 7517265 DOI: 10.1002/humu.1380030309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Twenty adolescent and adult cystic fibrosis (CF) patients have been studied for the presence of mutations in the CFTR gene. Mutations other than deltaF508 have been detected by comparison to the single-stranded conformation polymorphism (SSCP) pattern of known mutations in eight exons, in which 80% of the more common mutations are present. Each mutation was confirmed by direct sequencing. For each of the analyzed exons, optimal SSCP conditions have been determined that allow all available known mutations in that exon to be distinguished from each other. This approach allowed mutations to be defined in 75% of the non deltaF508 alleles and 92% of all CF alleles in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ravnik-Glavac
- Biological Carcinogenesis and Development Program, Inc./DynCorp, National Cancer Institute, Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, Maryland 21702-1201
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