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Francucci B, Angeloni S, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Ricciutelli M, Spinaci A, Smirnov A, Volpini R, Buccioni M, Marucci G. Dual Anta-Inhibitors Targeting Protein Kinase CK1δ and A 2A Adenosine Receptor Useful in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Molecules 2023; 28:4762. [PMID: 37375315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the number of patients with neurodegenerative pathologies is estimated at over one million, with consequences also on the economic level. Several factors contribute to their development, including overexpression of A2A adenosine receptors (A2AAR) in microglial cells and up-regulation and post-translational alterations of some casein kinases (CK), among them, CK-1δ. The aim of the work was to study the activity of A2AAR and CK1δ in neurodegeneration using in-house synthesized A2A/CK1δ dual anta-inhibitors and to evaluate their intestinal absorption. Experiments were performed on N13 microglial cells, which were treated with a proinflammatory CK cocktail to simulate an inflammatory state typical of neurodegenerative diseases. Results showed that the dual anta-inhibitors have the ability to counteract the inflammatory state, even if compound 2 is more active than compound 1. In addition, compound 2 displayed an important antioxidant effect similar to the reference compound ZM241385. Since many known kinase inhibitors are very often unable to cross lipid bilayer membranes, the ability of A2A/CK1δ double anta-inhibitors to cross the intestinal barrier was investigated by an everted gut sac assay. HPLC analysis revealed that both compounds are able to cross the intestinal barrier, making them promising candidates for oral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Francucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Simone Angeloni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Massimo Ricciutelli
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Aleksei Smirnov
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Spinaci A, Buccioni M, Catarzi D, Cui C, Colotta V, Dal Ben D, Cescon E, Francucci B, Grieco I, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Bassani D, Pavan M, Varano F, Federico S, Spalluto G, Moro S, Volpini R. "Dual Anta-Inhibitors" of the A 2A Adenosine Receptor and Casein Kinase CK1delta: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:167. [PMID: 37259317 PMCID: PMC9960553 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on a screening of a chemical library of A2A adenosine receptor (AR) antagonists, a series of di- and tri-substituted adenine derivatives were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit the activity of the enzyme casein kinase 1 delta (CK1δ) and to bind adenosine receptors (ARs). Some derivatives, here called "dual anta-inhibitors", demonstrated good CK1δ inhibitory activity combined with a high binding affinity, especially for the A2AAR. The N6-methyl-(2-benzimidazolyl)-2-dimethyamino-9-cyclopentyladenine (17, IC50 = 0.59 μM and KiA2A = 0.076 μM) showed the best balance of A2AAR affinity and CK1δ inhibitory activity. Computational studies were performed to simulate, at the molecular level, the protein-ligand interactions involving the compounds of our series. Hence, the dual anta-inhibitor 17 could be considered the lead compound of new therapeutic agents endowed with synergistic effects for the treatment of chronic neurodegenerative and cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Spinaci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Chang Cui
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Eleonora Cescon
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Beatrice Francucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Ilenia Grieco
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Davide Bassani
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Pavan
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Stephanie Federico
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giampiero Spalluto
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Stefano Moro
- Molecular Modeling Section (MMS), Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, via Marzolo 5, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Maiza A, Ghazouani T, Nzekoue FK, Caprioli G, Fiorini D, Vittori S, Francucci B, Marucci G, Buccioni M, Fattouch S. Chemical characterization and in vitro wound healing activity of Tunisian ghee products. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.16054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Afraa Maiza
- National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, North Urban Center BP 676‐1080 Tunis Cedex 1080 Tunisia
- Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte University of Carthage Tunis Tunisia
| | - Tesnime Ghazouani
- National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, North Urban Center BP 676‐1080 Tunis Cedex 1080 Tunisia
| | | | - Giovanni Caprioli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Dennis Fiorini
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Sauro Vittori
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Beatrice Francucci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Sant’Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Italy
| | - Sami Fattouch
- National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, North Urban Center BP 676‐1080 Tunis Cedex 1080 Tunisia
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Marucci G, Buccioni M, Varlaro V, Volpini R, Amenta F. The possible role of the nucleoside adenosine in countering skin aging: A review. Biofactors 2022; 48:1027-1035. [PMID: 35979986 PMCID: PMC9804842 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Skin aging is a complex biological process. Skin aspect is considered as a sign of well-being and of beauty. In view of this, noninvasive and/or minimally invasive anti-aging strategies were developed. Adenosine, a well-known nucleoside, may play a role in skin rejuvenation. Adenosine receptors belong to the G protein-coupled receptors superfamily and are divided into four subtypes: A1 , A2A , A2B , and A3 . The adenosine receptors expressed by skin are mainly the A1 and A2A subtypes. In the hypodermis, adenosine through the A1 receptor stimulates lipogenesis and adipogenesis. In the dermis, adenosine through the A2A receptor subtype stimulates collagen production. Moreover, the nucleoside increases new DNA synthesis and subsequently protein synthesis in dermal cells. Activation of adenosine receptors by interacting with various skin layers may induce a decrease in the amount of wrinkles, roughness, dryness, and laxity. This article has reviewed the mechanisms through which adenosine modulates biological mechanisms in the skin tissues and the effect of preparations containing adenosine or its derivatives on the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Master in Aesthetic Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Master in Aesthetic Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
| | - Vincenzo Varlaro
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Master in Aesthetic Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Master in Aesthetic Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Medicinal and Health Products Sciences, Master in Aesthetic Medicine and TherapeuticsUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
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Francucci B, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Marucci G, Buccioni M. A patent review of adenosine A 2B receptor antagonists (2016-present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:689-712. [PMID: 35387537 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2057222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A2B adenosine receptor (A2BAR) plays a crucial role in pathophysiologic conditions associated with high adenosine release, typical of airway inflammatory pathologies, gastrointestinal disorders, cancer, asthma, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. In some pathologies, simultaneous inactivation of A2A and A2BARs is desirable to have a synergism of action that leads to a greater efficacy of the pharmacological treatment and less side effects due to the dose of drug administered. In this context, it is strongly required to identify molecules capable of selectively antagonizing A2BAR or A2A/A2BARs. AREAS COVERED The review provides a summary of patents, published from 2016 to present, on chemicals and their clinical use. In this paper, information on the biological activity of representative structures of recently developed A2B or A2A/A2B receptor ligands is reported. EXPERT OPINION Among the four P1 receptors, A2BAR is the most inscrutable and the least studied until a few years ago, but its involvement in various inflammatory pathologies has recently made it a pharmacological target of high interest. Many efforts by the academy and pharmaceutical companies have been made to discover potential A2BAR and A2A/A2BARs drugs. Although several compounds have been synthesized only a few molecules have entered clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Francucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Spinaci A, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Maggi F, Marucci G, Francucci B, Santoni G, Lambertucci C, Volpini R. A3 Adenosine Receptor Antagonists with Nucleoside Structures and Their Anticancer Activity. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15020164. [PMID: 35215276 PMCID: PMC8879107 DOI: 10.3390/ph15020164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The overexpression of the A3 adenosine receptor (AR) in a number of cancer cell types makes it an attractive target for tumor diagnosis and therapy. Hence, in the search for new A3AR ligands, a series of novel 2,N6-disubstituted adenosines (Ados) was synthesized and tested in radioligand binding and functional assays at ARs. Derivatives bearing a 2-phenethylamino group in the N6-position were found to exert higher A3AR affinity and selectivity than the corresponding N6-(2,2-diphenylethyl) analogues. 2-Chloro-N6-phenylethylAdo (15) was found to be a potent full A3AR agonist with a Ki of 0.024 nM and an EC50 of 14 nM, in a cAMP accumulation assay. Unlike 15, the other ligands behaved as A3AR antagonists, which concentration-dependently reduced cell growth and exerted cytostatic activity on the prostate cancer cell line PC3, showing comparable and even more pronounced effects with respect to the ones elicited by the reference full agonist Cl-IB-MECA. In particular, the N6-(2,2-diphenylethyl)-2-phenylethynylAdo (12: GI50 = 14 µM, TGI = 29 µM, and LC50 = 59 µM) showed the highest activity proving to be a potential antitumor agent. The cytostatic effect of both A3AR agonist (Cl-IB-MECA) and antagonists (12 and other newly synthesized compounds) confirm previous observations according to which, in addition to the involvement of A3ARs, other cellular mechanisms are responsible for the anticancer effects of these ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Spinaci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.); (D.D.B.); (G.M.); (B.F.)
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.); (D.D.B.); (G.M.); (B.F.)
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.); (D.D.B.); (G.M.); (B.F.)
| | - Federica Maggi
- Experimental Medicine Section, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (F.M.); (G.S.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, RM, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.); (D.D.B.); (G.M.); (B.F.)
| | - Beatrice Francucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.); (D.D.B.); (G.M.); (B.F.)
| | - Giorgio Santoni
- Experimental Medicine Section, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (F.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.); (D.D.B.); (G.M.); (B.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (R.V.); Tel.: +39-073-740-2252 (C.L.); +39-073-740-2278 (R.V.)
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (A.S.); (M.B.); (D.D.B.); (G.M.); (B.F.)
- Correspondence: (C.L.); (R.V.); Tel.: +39-073-740-2252 (C.L.); +39-073-740-2278 (R.V.)
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Spinaci A, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Marucci G, Volpini R, Lambertucci C. P2X3 Receptor Ligands: Structural Features and Potential Therapeutic Applications. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:653561. [PMID: 33927627 PMCID: PMC8076795 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.653561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Rosaria Volpini
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Marucci G, Ben DD, Lambertucci C, Navia AM, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Buccioni M. Combined Therapy of A 1AR Agonists and A 2AAR Antagonists in Neuroinflammation. Molecules 2021; 26:1188. [PMID: 33672225 PMCID: PMC7926490 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and multiple sclerosis are neurodegenerative diseases related by neuronal degeneration and death in specific areas of the central nervous system. These pathologies are associated with neuroinflammation, which is involved in disease progression, and halting this process represents a potential therapeutic strategy. Evidence suggests that microglia function is regulated by A1 and A2A adenosine receptors (AR), which are considered as neuroprotective and neurodegenerative receptors, respectively. The manuscript's aim is to elucidate the role of these receptors in neuroinflammation modulation through potent and selective A1AR agonists (N6-cyclopentyl-2'- or 3'-deoxyadenosine substituted or unsubstituted in 2 position) and A2AAR antagonists (9-ethyl-adenine substituted in 8 and/or in 2 position), synthesized in house, using N13 microglial cells. In addition, the combined therapy of A1AR agonists and A2AAR antagonists to modulate neuroinflammation was evaluated. Results showed that A1AR agonists were able, to varying degrees, to prevent the inflammatory effect induced by cytokine cocktail (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and interferon (IFN)-γ), while A2AAR antagonists showed a good ability to counteract neuroinflammation. Moreover, the effect achieved by combining the two most effective compounds (1 and 6) in doses previously found to be non-effective was greater than the treatment effect of each of the two compounds used separately at maximal dose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Michela Buccioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy; (G.M.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.M.N.); (A.S.); (R.V.)
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Marucci G, Buccioni M, Ben DD, Lambertucci C, Volpini R, Amenta F. Efficacy of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in Alzheimer's disease. Neuropharmacology 2020; 190:108352. [PMID: 33035532 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 79.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of adult-onset dementia is characterized by a progressive decline of cognitive functions accompanied by behavioral manifestations. The main class of drugs currently used for the treatment of AD are acetylcholinesterase/cholinesterase inhibitors (ChE-Is). The first ChE-I licensed for symptomatic treatment of AD was tacrine. The ChE-Is currently available in the market are donepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine as tacrine is no longer in use, due to its hepatotoxicity. According to mechanism of action the ChE-Is are classified as short-acting or reversible agents such as tacrine, donepezil, and galantamine, as intermediate-acting or pseudo-irreversible agent such as rivastigmine. Overall, the efficacy of the three ChE-Is available in the market is similar and the benefit of administration of these compounds is mild and may not be clinically significant. Due to gastrointestinal side effects of these drugs, medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical delivery studies have investigated solutions to improve the pharmacological activity of these compounds. In spite of the limited activity of ChE-Is, waiting for more effective approaches, these drugs still represent a pharmacotherapeutic resource for the treatment of AD. Other approaches in which ChE-Is were investigated is in their use in combination with other classes of drugs such as cholinergic precursors, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists and antioxidant agents. After many years from the introduction in therapy of ChE-Is, the combination with other classes of drugs may represent the chance for a renewed interest of ChE-Is in the treatment of adult-onset dementia disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Francesco Amenta
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Telemedicine and Telepharmacy Center University of Camerino via Madonna delle Carceri 9, 62032, Camerino, Italy.
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Ceni C, Catarzi D, Varano F, Ben DD, Marucci G, Buccioni M, Volpini R, Angeli A, Nocentini A, Gratteri P, Supuran CT, Colotta V. Discovery of first-in-class multi-target adenosine A 2A receptor antagonists-carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors. 8-Amino-6-aryl-2-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo [4,3-a]pyrazin-3-one derivatives as new potential antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 201:112478. [PMID: 32659606 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes identification of the first-in-class multi-target adenosine A2A receptor antagonists-carbonic anhydrase (CA) IX and XII inhibitors, as new potential antitumor agents. To obtain the multi-acting ligands, the 8-amino-2,6-diphenyltriazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-3-one, a potent adenosine hA2A receptor (AR) antagonist, was taken as lead compound. To address activity against the tumor-associated CA isoforms, it was modified by introduction of different substituents (OH, COOH, CONHOH, SO2NH2) on the 6-phenyl ring or on a phenyl pendant connected to the former through different spacers. Among the new triazolopyrazines 1-23, the most active were those featuring the sulfonamide residue. Derivative 20, featuring a 4-sulfonamidophenyl residue attached through a CONH(CH2)2CONH spacer at the para-position of the 6-phenyl ring, showed the best combination of activity at the three targets. In fact, it inhibited both the tumor-associated hCA IX and XII isozymes at nanomolar concentration (Ki = 5.0 and 27.0 nM), and also displayed a quite good affinity for the hA2A AR (Ki = 108 nM). Compound 14, bearing the 4-sulfonamidophenyl residue linked at the para-position of the 6-phenyl ring by a CONH spacer, was remarkable because both its hA2A AR affinity and hCA XII inhibitory potency were in the low nanomolar range (Ki = 6.4 and 6.2 nM, respectively). Molecular docking studies highlighted the interaction mode of selected triazolopyrazines in the hA2A AR recognition pocket and in the active site of hCA II, IX and XII isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Costanza Ceni
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC), Italy
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessio Nocentini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Laboratorio di Molecular Modeling, Cheminformatics & QSAR, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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11
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Wang J, Iannarelli R, Pucciarelli S, Laudadio E, Galeazzi R, Giangrossi M, Falconi M, Cui L, Navia AM, Buccioni M, Marucci G, Tomassoni D, Serini L, Sut S, Maggi F, Dall'Acqua S, Marchini C, Amici A. Acetylshikonin isolated from Lithospermum erythrorhizon roots inhibits dihydrofolate reductase and hampers autochthonous mammary carcinogenesis in Δ16HER2 transgenic mice. Pharmacol Res 2020; 161:105123. [PMID: 32822867 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women and, among different BC subtypes, triple negative (TN) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive BCs have the worst prognosis. In this study, we investigated the anticancer activity of the root ethanolic and hexane extracts from Lithospermum erythrorhizon, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine known also as tzu ts'ao or tzu-ken, against in vitro and in vivo models of TNBC and HER2-positive BC. Treatment with L. erythrorhizon root extracts resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of BC cell viability and in a significant reduction of the growth of TNBC cells transplanted in syngeneic mice. Acetylshikonin, a naphthoquinone, was identified as the main bioactive component in extracts and was responsible for the observed antitumor activity, being able to decrease BC cell viability and to interfere with autochthonous mammary carcinogenesis in Δ16HER2 transgenic mice. Acetylshikonin anticancer effect depends on its ability to act as a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), to down-regulate key mediators governing cancer growth and progression, such as HER2, Src and STAT3, and to induce apoptosis by caspase-3 activation. The accumulation of acetylshikonin in blood samples as well as in brain, kidney, liver and tumor tissues was also investigated by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) highlighting that L. erythrorhizon treatment is effective in delivering the active compound into the target tissues. These results provide evidence that L. erythrorhizon extract and in particular its main component acetylshikonin are effective against aggressive BC subtypes and reveal new acetylshikonin mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbiao Wang
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Pucciarelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Emiliano Laudadio
- Dipartimento Scienze e Ingegneria della Materia, dell'Ambiente ed Urbanistica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, 60128, Italy
| | - Roberta Galeazzi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, 60128, Italy
| | - Mara Giangrossi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Falconi
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Lishan Cui
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | | | - Daniele Tomassoni
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Laura Serini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Stefania Sut
- DAFNAE Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse naturali e Ambiente, University of Padova, 35020, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Stefano Dall'Acqua
- DSF Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| | - Cristina Marchini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy.
| | - Augusto Amici
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
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12
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Martí Navia A, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Marques-Morgado I, Coelho JE, Lopes LV, Marucci G, Buccioni M. Adenosine Receptors as Neuroinflammation Modulators: Role of A 1 Agonists and A 2A Antagonists. Cells 2020; 9:cells9071739. [PMID: 32708189 PMCID: PMC7409197 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathological condition of neuroinflammation is caused by the activation of the neuroimmune cells astrocytes and microglia. The autacoid adenosine seems to be an important neuromodulator in this condition. Its main receptors involved in the neuroinflammation modulation are A1AR and A2AAR. Evidence suggests that A1AR activation produces a neuroprotective effect and A2AARs block prevents neuroinflammation. The aim of this work is to elucidate the effects of these receptors in neuroinflammation using the partial agonist 2'-dCCPA (2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyl-2'-deoxyadenosine) (C1 KiA1AR = 550 nM, KiA2AAR = 24,800 nM, and KiA3AR = 5560 nM, α = 0.70, EC50A1AR = 832 nM) and the newly synthesized in house compound 8-chloro-9-ethyl-2-phenethoxyadenine (C2 KiA2AAR = 0.75 nM; KiA1AR = 17 nM and KiA3AR = 227 nM, IC50A2AAR = 251 nM unpublished results). The experiments were performed in in vitro and in in vivo models of neuroinflammation. Results showed that C1 was able to prevent the inflammatory effect induced by cytokine cocktail (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-γ) while C2 possess both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, counteracting both neuroinflammation in mixed glial cells and in an animal model of neuroinflammation. In conclusion, C2 is a potential candidate for neuroinflammation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Martí Navia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (A.M.N.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.S.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (A.M.N.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.S.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (A.M.N.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.S.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (A.M.N.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.S.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (A.M.N.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.S.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
| | - Inês Marques-Morgado
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.M.-M.); (J.E.C.); (L.V.L.)
| | - Joana E. Coelho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.M.-M.); (J.E.C.); (L.V.L.)
| | - Luísa V. Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (I.M.-M.); (J.E.C.); (L.V.L.)
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (A.M.N.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.S.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-073-7402-223
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy; (A.M.N.); (D.D.B.); (C.L.); (A.S.); (R.V.); (M.B.)
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13
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Pavela R, Maggi F, Petrelli R, Cappellacci L, Buccioni M, Palmieri A, Canale A, Benelli G. Outstanding insecticidal activity and sublethal effects of Carlina acaulis root essential oil on the housefly, Musca domestica, with insights on its toxicity on human cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 136:111037. [PMID: 31816346 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.111037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Carlina acaulis (Compositae) is traditionally used for food and medicinal purposes in central and southern Europe. Its root essential oil (EO), mainly composed by carlina oxide, is included in the BELFRIT botanical list of food supplements. It is also recognized as a potent mosquito larvicide. It is matter of concern whether this EO could be endowed with intrinsic toxicity to limit its use on a food level. Focusing on the insecticidal activity of this EO, we investigated the acute toxicity and sublethal effects on Musca domestica. In topical assays, the EO was extremely effective (LD50 = 2.74 and 5.96 μg fly-1, on males and females, respectively). The exposure to a sublethal dose (LD30) led to significant reductions of female longevity (LT50 = 6.7-9.0 days vs. control LT50 = 12.9-13.7 days). Treated females laid 2.5 times fewer eggs over control ones. F1 vitality decreased: F1 larvae and pupae showed high mortality, 2-4-fold higher over the control. The EO also showed high cytotoxicity on normal human fibroblasts (NHF-A12, IC50 = 9.4-14.2 μg mL-1 after 6-48 h). Overall, our findings support the employ of this EO for developing botanical insecticides. At the same time, they encourage food safety authorities to perform a full toxicological assessment for possible restrictions at food level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pavela
- Crop Research Institute, Drnovska 507, 161 06, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Plant Protection, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00, Praha 6, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino n. 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Riccardo Petrelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino n. 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Loredana Cappellacci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino n. 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino n. 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Palmieri
- School of Science and Technology, Chemistry Division, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino n. 1, 62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Angelo Canale
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Benelli
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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14
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Matos MJ, Vilar S, Vazquez-Rodriguez S, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Buccioni M, Delogu G, Santana L, Uriarte E, Borges F. Structure-Based Optimization of Coumarin hA 3 Adenosine Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2019; 63:2577-2587. [PMID: 31738058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b01572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine receptors participate in many physiological functions. Molecules that may selectively interact with one of the receptors are favorable multifunctional chemical entities to treat or decelerate the evolution of different diseases. 3-Arylcoumarins have already been studied as neuroprotective agents by our group. Here, differently 8-substituted 3-arylcoumarins are complementarily studied as ligands of adenosine receptors, performing radioligand binding assays. Among the synthesized compounds, selective A3 receptor antagonists were found. 3-(4-Bromophenyl)-8-hydroxycoumarin (compound 4) displayed the highest potency and selectivity as A3 receptor antagonist (Ki = 258 nM). An analysis of its X-ray diffraction provided detailed information on its structure. Further evaluation of a selected series of compounds indicated that it is the nature and position of the substituents that determine their activity and selectivity. Theoretical modeling calculations corroborate and explain the experimental data, suggesting this novel scaffold can be involved in the generation of candidates as multitarget drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria João Matos
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Santiago Vilar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Saleta Vazquez-Rodriguez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Giovanna Delogu
- Department of Life Sciences and Environment-Section of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Lourdes Santana
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eugenio Uriarte
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, 7500912 Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Borges
- CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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15
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Marucci G, Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Martí Navia A, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Lambertucci C. Update on novel purinergic P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptor antagonists and their potential therapeutic applications. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:943-963. [PMID: 31726893 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1693542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Purinergic P2X3-P2X2/3 receptors are placed in nociceptive neurons' strategic location and show unique desensitization properties; hence, they represent an attractive target for many pain-related diseases. Therefore, a broad interest from academic and pharmaceutical scientists has focused on the search for P2X3 and P2X2/3 receptor ligands and has led to the discovery of numerous new selective antagonists. Some of them have been studied in clinical trials for the treatment of pathological conditions such as bladder disorders, gastrointestinal and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases.Areas covered: This review provides a summary of the patents concerning the discovery of P2X3 and/or P2X2/3 receptor antagonists published between 2015 and 2019 and their potential clinical use. Thus, the structures and biological data of the most representative molecules are reported.Expert opinion: The 2016 publication of the crystallographic structure of the human P2X3 receptor subtype gave an improvement of published patents in 2017. Hence, a great number of small molecules with dual antagonist activity on P2X3-P2X2/3 receptors, a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and reasonable oral bioavailability was discovered. The most promising compounds are the phenoxy-diaminopyrimidines including gefapixant (AF-219), and the imidazo-pyridines like BLU-5937, which are in phase III and phase II clinical trials, respectively, for refractory chronic cough.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Aleix Martí Navia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Buccioni M, Martí Navia A, Marucci G, Spinaci A, Volpini R. Non-Nucleoside Agonists of the Adenosine Receptors: An Overview. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2019; 12:E150. [PMID: 31597388 PMCID: PMC6958362 DOI: 10.3390/ph12040150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Potent and selective adenosine receptor (AR) agonists are of pharmacological interest for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and conditions. Among these derivatives, nucleoside-based agonists represent the great majority of molecules developed and reported to date. However, the limited availability of compounds selective for a specific AR subtype (i.e., A2BAR) and a generally long and complex synthetic route for largely substituted nucleosides are the main drawbacks of this category of molecules. Non-nucleoside agonists represent an alternative set of compounds able to stimulate the AR function and based on simplified structures. This review provides an updated overview on the structural classes of non-nucleoside AR agonists and their biological activities, with emphasis on the main derivatives reported in the literature. A focus is also given to the synthetic routes employed to develop these derivatives and on molecular modeling studies simulating their interaction with ARs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | - Aleix Martí Navia
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino (MC), Italy.
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Falsini M, Catarzi D, Varano F, Ceni C, Dal Ben D, Marucci G, Buccioni M, Volpini R, Di Cesare Mannelli L, Lucarini E, Ghelardini C, Bartolucci G, Menicatti M, Colotta V. Antioxidant-Conjugated 1,2,4-Triazolo[4,3- a]pyrazin-3-one Derivatives: Highly Potent and Selective Human A 2A Adenosine Receptor Antagonists Possessing Protective Efficacy in Neuropathic Pain. J Med Chem 2019; 62:8511-8531. [PMID: 31453698 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
New 8-amino-6-aryl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-3-ones were designed to obtain dual antioxidant-human A2A adenosine receptor (hA2A AR) antagonists. Two sets of compounds were synthesized, the first featuring phenol rings at the 6-position, the second bearing the lipoyl and 4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tertbut-benzoyl residues appended by different linkers on the 6-phenyl ring. Several new triazolopyrazines (1-21) were potent and selective hA2A AR antagonists (Ki = 0.17-54.5 nM). Compounds 11, 15, and 21, featuring antioxidant moieties, and compound 12, lacking the antioxidant functionality, reduced oxaliplatin-induced toxicity in microglia cells, the most active being the lipoyl-derivative 15 and the (4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl)benzoyl-analogue 21 which were effective in reducing the oxygen free radical level. The lipoyl-derivative 15 was also able to revert oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy in the mouse. In vivo efficacy of 15 makes it a promising neuroprotective agent in oxidative stress-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Falsini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff, 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff, 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff, 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Costanza Ceni
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff, 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute , Università degli Studi di Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Macerata , Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute , Università degli Studi di Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Macerata , Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute , Università degli Studi di Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Macerata , Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute , Università degli Studi di Camerino , Via S. Agostino 1 , 62032 Camerino , Macerata , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmacologia e Tossicologia , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Firenze , Italy
| | - Elena Lucarini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmacologia e Tossicologia , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Firenze , Italy
| | - Carla Ghelardini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmacologia e Tossicologia , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Viale Pieraccini 6 , 50139 Firenze , Italy
| | - Gianluca Bartolucci
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff, 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Marta Menicatti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff, 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica , Università degli Studi di Firenze , Via Ugo Schiff, 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino , Italy
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Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Martí Navia A, Ricciutelli M, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Marucci G. New sensible method to quantize the intestinal absorption of receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:3328-3333. [PMID: 31230970 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, special attention has been paid to the A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) as a possible pharmacological target to treat intestinal inflammation. In this work, it was set up a novel method to quantify the concentration of a promising anti-inflammatory agent inside and outside of intestinal barrier using the everted gut sac technique. The compound chosen for the present study is one of the most potent and selective A3AR agonist reported so far, named AR 170 (N6-methyl-2-phenylethynyl-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine). In order to evaluate the intestinal absorption of AR 170 the radioligand binding assay in comparison with HPLC-DAD was used. Results showed that the compound is absorbed via passive diffusion by paracellular pathway. The concentrations determined in the serosal (inside the sac) fluid by radioligand binding assay are in good agreement with those obtained through the widely used HPLC/MS protocol, demonstrating the reliability of the method. It is worthwhile to note that the radioligand binding assay allows detecting very low concentrations of analyte, thus offering an excellent tool to measure the intestinal absorption of receptor ligands. Moreover, the AR 170 quantity outside the gut sac and the interaction with A3AR could presuppose good topical anti-inflammatory effects of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Buccioni
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Aleix Martí Navia
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Massimo Ricciutelli
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Medicinal Sciences and Health Products, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Spinaci A, Marchenkova A, Abdelrahman A, Nistri A, Müller CE, Volpini R. Investigation on 2',3'- O-Substituted ATP Derivatives and Analogs as Novel P2X3 Receptor Antagonists. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:493-498. [PMID: 30996785 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.8b00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antagonists of the purinergic P2X3 receptors represent promising drugs for the treatment of inflammation and pain. The ATP derivative 2',3'-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-ATP (TNP-ATP) has been described as a potent competitive inhibitor of this receptor. In this work, the design and synthesis of novel TNP-ATP analogues bearing alkyl groups in the 2',3'-position are reported. These compounds were biologically evaluated as P2X3 antagonists using the patch clamp recording technique on mouse trigeminal ganglionic sensory neurons. Some of the compounds showed nanomolar inhibitory potency for the P2X3 receptor. Further modification of these derivatives was made by substitution of the triphosphate chain with different acidic groups. All compounds were additionally tested at five human P2X receptor subtypes stably expressed in 1321N1 astrocytoma cells to evaluate their potency and P2X3 selectivity. Results confirmed the P2X3 antagonist potency for some derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Anna Marchenkova
- Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aliaa Abdelrahman
- University of Bonn, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Nistri
- Neuroscience Department, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Christa E. Müller
- University of Bonn, PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
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Martire A, Lambertucci C, Pepponi R, Ferrante A, Benati N, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Marucci G, Klotz KN, Volpini R, Popoli P. Neuroprotective potential of adenosine A 1 receptor partial agonists in experimental models of cerebral ischemia. J Neurochem 2019; 149:211-230. [PMID: 30614535 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia is the second most common cause of death and a major cause of disability worldwide. Available therapies are based only on anticoagulants or recombinant tissue plasminogen activator. Extracellular adenosine increases during ischemia and acts as a neuroprotective endogenous agent mainly by activating adenosine A1 receptors (A1 Rs) which control calcium influx, glutamate release, membrane potential, and metabolism. Accordingly, in many experimental paradigms it has been already demonstrated that the stimulation of A1 R with full agonists is able to reduce ischemia-related structural and functional brain damage; unfortunately, cardiovascular side effects and desensitization of A1 R induced by these compounds have strongly limited their exploitation in stroke therapy so far. Among the newly emerging compounds, A1 R partial agonists could be almost free of side effects and equally effective. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the neuroprotective potential of two A1 R partial agonists, namely 2'-dCCPA and 3'-dCCPA, in in vitro and ex vivo experimental models of cerebral ischemia. Within the experimental paradigm of oxygen-glucose deprivation in vitro in human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells both A1 R partial agonists increased cell viability. Considering the high level of expression of A1 Rs in the hippocampus and the susceptibility of CA1 region to hypoxia, we performed electrophysiological experiments in this subfield. The application of 7 min of oxygen-glucose deprivation constantly produces an irreversible synaptic failure in all the C57Bl/6 mice hippocampal slices evaluated; both tested compounds allowed a significant recovery of synaptic transmission. These findings demonstrate that A1 R and its partial agonists are still of interest for cerebral ischemia therapy. OPEN SCIENCE BADGES: This article has received a badge for *Open Materials* because it provided all relevant information to reproduce the study in the manuscript. The complete Open Science Disclosure form for this article can be found at the end of the article. More information about the Open Practices badges can be found at https://cos.io/our-services/open-science-badges/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Martire
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Rita Pepponi
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Ferrante
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicholas Benati
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Patrizia Popoli
- National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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21
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Marucci G, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Martí Navia A, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Buccioni M. GPR17 receptor modulators and their therapeutic implications: review of recent patents. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:85-95. [PMID: 30640576 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1568990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The GPR17 receptor, phylogenetically related to both purinergic P2Y and CysLT receptors, is mainly expressed in the CNS and, in general, in organs that can typically undergo ischemic damage. This receptor is involved in various pathologies including stroke, brain and spinal cord trauma, multiple sclerosis and in all diseases characterized by neuronal and myelin dysfunction. Therefore, there is a strong needed to identify molecules capable of binding specifically to GPR17 receptors. AREAS COVERED The review provides a summary of patents, published between 2009 and 2018, on chemicals and biologics and their clinical use. In this work, information is reported about the representative structures and biological activity of recently developed GPR17 receptor ligands. EXPERT OPINION The GPR17 receptor is an enigmatic receptor and an interesting therapeutic target in a variety of brain disorders and demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis, stroke, schizophrenia, and depression. The modulation of this receptor could also be potentially useful in obesity treatment. Unfortunately, so far, there are no compounds under investigation in clinical trials but many researchers and companies are investing in the discovery of future potential GPR17 receptor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- a School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- a School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- a School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy
| | - Aleix Martí Navia
- a School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- a School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- a School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- a School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit , University of Camerino , Camerino , Italy
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22
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Varano F, Catarzi D, Falsini M, Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Marucci G, Volpini R, Colotta V. Novel human adenosine receptor antagonists based on the 7-amino-thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine scaffold. Structural investigations at the 2-, 5- and 7-positions to enhance affinity and tune selectivity. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 29:563-569. [PMID: 30638876 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of novel 7-amino-thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidines bearing different substituents at positions 2, 5 and 7 of the thiazolopyrimidine scaffold. The synthesized compounds 2-27 were evaluated in radioligand binding (A1, A2A and A3) and adenylyl cyclase activity (A2B and A2A) assays, in order to evaluate their affinity and potency at human adenosine receptor subtypes. The current study allowed us to support that affinity and selectivity of 7-amino-thiazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives towards the adenosine receptor subtypes can be modulated by the nature of the groups attached at positions 2, 5 and 7 of the bicyclic scaffold. To rationalize the hypothetical binding mode of the newly synthesized compounds, we also performed docking calculations in human A2A, A1 and A3 structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Matteo Falsini
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Scuola di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, via Ugo Schiff, 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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23
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Sagratini G, Buccioni M, Marucci G, Poggesi E, Skorski M, Costanzi S, Giardinà D. Chiral analogues of (+)-cyclazosin as potent α 1B-adrenoceptor selective antagonist. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3502-3513. [PMID: 29784274 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
(+)-Cyclazosin [(+)-1] is one of most selective antagonists of the α1B-adrenoceptor subtype (selectivity ratios, α1B/α1A = 13, α1B/α1D = 38-39). To improve the selectivity, we synthesized and pharmacologically studied the blocking activity against α1-adrenoceptors of several homochiral analogues of (+)-cyclazosin featuring different substituents on the carbonyl or amine groups, namely (-)-2, (+)-3, (-)-4-(-)-8, (+)-9. Moreover, we studied the activity of some their opposite enantiomers, namely (-)-1, (-)-3, (+)-6, and (-)-9, to evaluate the influence of stereochemistry on selectivity. The benzyloxycarbonyl and methyl (4aS,8aR) analogues (+)-3 and (-)-6 improved in a significant way the α1B selectivity of the progenitor compound: 4 and 14 time vs. the α1D subtype and 35 and 77 times vs. the α1A subtype, respectively. The study confirmed the importance of the hydrophobic cis-octahydroquinoxaline moiety of these molecules for the establishment of interactions with the α1-adrenoceptors as well that of their (4aS,8aR) stereochemistry to grant selectivity for the α1B subtype. Hypotheses on the mode of interaction of these compounds were advanced on the basis of molecular modeling studies performed on compound (+)-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianni Sagratini
- Scuola in Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy.
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Scuola in Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Scuola in Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Elena Poggesi
- Drug Discovery Division, Recordati SpA, Via Civitali 1, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Matthew Skorski
- Department of Chemistry, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Stefano Costanzi
- Department of Chemistry, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA; Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| | - Dario Giardinà
- Scuola in Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università di Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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24
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Amenta F, Buccioni M, Ben DD, Lambertucci C, Navia AM, Ngouadjeu Ngnintedem MA, Ricciutelli M, Spinaci A, Volpini R, Marucci G. Ex-vivo absorption study of lysine R-lipoate salt, a new pharmaceutical form of R-ALA. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 118:200-207. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Marucci G, Santinelli C, Buccioni M, Navia AM, Lambertucci C, Zhurina A, Yli-Harja O, Volpini R, Kandhavelu M. Anticancer activity study of A 3 adenosine receptor agonists. Life Sci 2018; 205:155-163. [PMID: 29763615 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
AIMS A3 adenosine receptor (A3AR) signalling activation seems to mediate anticancer effect, and it has been targeted for drug development. The identification of potent and selective A3AR agonists could be crucial for cancer drug development. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study was determined the in vitro activity of known 1-3 and newly 4-6 synthesized compounds with high A3AR affinity and selectivity (Ki in the low nanomolar range) in binding studies. Effect of known and novel A3AR agonists on human prostate cancer (PC3), hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep G2), and epithelial colorectal carcinoma (Caco-2) cells were analysed by cytotoxicity assay, dose and time dependent inhibitor assay, migration, apoptosis, autophagy and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assays. KEY FINDINGS Results show that the anticancer effect is not due to A3AR activation alone. In fact, the more active and selective agonist versus A3AR, compound 1, results inactive on cancer cells such as compounds 2-4. Moreover, results show that the novel compound 5, at micromolar concentration range (IC50 = 28.0 μM), inhibits the growth of PC3, Hep G2, and Caco-2 cells and their migration in time- and dose- dependent manner. The mechanism involved in cell death is attributable to apoptosis. At the same time compound 5 promotes autophagy, which induce apoptosis producing autophagic cell death. Further investigation revealed that compound 5 elevates the level of ROS in all cancer cells tested, suggesting the involvement of ROS in cell death. SIGNIFICANCE These results show that the new compound 5 exerts inhibitory effect on cancer cells through differential effect and may serve as a potential anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, Camerino, MC 62032, Italy
| | - Claudia Santinelli
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, Camerino, MC 62032, Italy; Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O.Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, Camerino, MC 62032, Italy
| | - Aleix Martí Navia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, Camerino, MC 62032, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, Camerino, MC 62032, Italy
| | - Anastasia Zhurina
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O.Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli Yli-Harja
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O.Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland; Institute for Systems Biology, 1441N 34th Street, Seattle, WA 98103-8904, USA
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, Camerino, MC 62032, Italy
| | - Meenakshisundaram Kandhavelu
- Molecular Signaling Lab, Computational Systems Biology Research Group, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, Tampere University of Technology, P.O.Box 553, 33101 Tampere, Finland.
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26
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Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Spinaci A, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Volpini R. New potent and selective A 1 adenosine receptor antagonists as potential tools for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 151:199-213. [PMID: 29614417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.03.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of 9-alkyl substituted adenine derivatives presenting aromatic groups and cycloalkyl rings in 8- and N6-position, respectively, is reported. The compounds were tested with radioligand binding studies showing, in some cases, a low nanomolar A1 adenosine receptor affinity and a very good selectivity versus the other adenosine receptor subtypes. Functional assays at human adenosine receptors and at a mouse ileum tissue preparation clearly demonstrate the antagonist profile of these molecules, with inhibitory potency at nanomolar level. A molecular modeling study, consisting in docking analysis at the recently reported A1 adenosine receptor crystal structure, was performed for the interpretation of the obtained pharmacological results. The N6-cyclopentyl-9-methyl-8-phenyladenine (17), resulting the most active derivative of the series (Ki = 2.8 nM and IC50 = 14 nM), was also very efficacious in counteracting the effect of the agonist CCPA on mouse ileum contractility. This new compound represents a tool for the development of new agents for the treatment of intestinal diseases as constipation and postoperative ileus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Falsini M, Squarcialupi L, Catarzi D, Varano F, Betti M, Dal Ben D, Marucci G, Buccioni M, Volpini R, De Vita T, Cavalli A, Colotta V. The 1,2,4-Triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-3-one as a Versatile Scaffold for the Design of Potent Adenosine Human Receptor Antagonists. Structural Investigations to Target the A2A Receptor Subtype. J Med Chem 2017; 60:5772-5790. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Falsini
- Dipartimento
di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino,
Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lucia Squarcialupi
- Dipartimento
di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino,
Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Daniela Catarzi
- Dipartimento
di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino,
Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Flavia Varano
- Dipartimento
di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino,
Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Betti
- Dipartimento
di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino,
Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- Scuola
di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Scuola
di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Scuola
di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- Scuola
di Scienze del Farmaco e dei Prodotti della Salute, Università degli Studi di Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Macerata, Italy
| | - Teresa De Vita
- CompuNet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Cavalli
- CompuNet, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Farmacia e Biotecnologia, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Vittoria Colotta
- Dipartimento
di Neuroscienze, Psicologia, Area del Farmaco e Salute del Bambino,
Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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Buccioni M, Santinelli C, Angeli P, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Thomas A, Volpini R, Marucci G. Overview on Radiolabel-Free in vitro Assays for GPCRs. Mini Rev Med Chem 2017; 17:3-14. [PMID: 27515714 DOI: 10.2174/1389557516666160808120207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent important targets for drug discovery because they participate in a wide range of cellular signalling pathways that play a role in a variety of pathological conditions. The characterization of the patho-physiological profile and functional roles of new receptors is highly dependent on the availability of potent and selective ligands and new screening assays. The study of the pharmacological profile of new chemical entities is very important in order to predict the activity of drugs and their clinical adverse effect in humans. In the last decade, a large number of new in vitro radiolabel-free assays were developed and relevant information on diseases was upgraded. In particular, radiolabel-free assays led significant easy to handle and safer tools for operators. The aim of this review is to analyze these assays in terms of new drug activity and toxicology prediction and translation of non-clinical findings to humans in order to provide a powerful tool to aid drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino (MC), Italy
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29
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Antognoni F, Lianza M, Poli F, Buccioni M, Santinelli C, Caprioli G, Iannarelli R, Lupidi G, Damiani E, Beghelli D, Alunno A, Maggi F. Polar extracts from the berry-like fruits of Hypericum androsaemum L. as a promising ingredient in skin care formulations. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 195:255-265. [PMID: 27864112 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The top flowering aerial parts of the Hypericum species are traditionally used to prepare ointments to heal cuts and burns. Sometimes even the fruits are used for these purposes. Hypericum androsaemum L., commonly known as tutsan or shrubby St. John's Wort, is a Mediterranean medicinal plant which has been traditionally used to prepare an ointment for treating cuts and wounds. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the extracts obtained from H. androsaemum red berries as functional ingredients for skin care formulations. MATERIALS AND METHODS The methanolic extract was obtained by Soxhlet extraction while the aqueous extract was prepared by decoction; their composition was determined by HPLC analysis. Their biological activities were measured in terms of proliferation and migration of human fibroblasts, inhibition of collagenase activity, and immunomodulatory effects on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). In addition, we evaluated their photostability by UV spectroscopy and their protective effects against APPH-induced hemolysis in red blood cells (RBC). RESULTS The polar extracts contained significant amounts of shikimic (108,143.7-115,901.3mg/kg) and chlorogenic acids (45,781.1-57,002.7mg/kg). The main components of these extracts made an important contribution to a significant increase in human fibroblast migration. Both extracts were also active as collagenase inhibitors, with the aqueous one showing a greater inhibitory capacity (IC50 value of 88.1µg/mL), similar to that of chlorogenic acid. The kinetic parameters determined for the enzymatic reaction revealed for both aqueous extract and chlorogenic acid an uncompetitive mechanism of inhibition. The methanolic extract showed important effects on PBMCs by modulating IL-6. Both extracts proved to be photostable in the UVA/B range and protected RBC against peroxidation at low concentrations. CONCLUSIONS H. androsaemum red berries were proven to contain phytochemicals that improve skin regeneration, hence potentially employable in skin care formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Antognoni
- Department of Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
| | - Mariacaterina Lianza
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Poli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giulio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Damiani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniela Beghelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
| | - Alessia Alunno
- Rheumatology Unit, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy.
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30
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Marucci G, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Santinelli C, Spinaci A, Thomas A, Volpini R, Buccioni M. The G Protein-Coupled Receptor GPR17: Overview and Update. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:2567-2574. [PMID: 27863043 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201600453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The GPR17 receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that seems to respond to two unrelated families of endogenous ligands: nucleotide sugars (UDP, UDP-galactose, and UDP-glucose) and cysteinyl leukotrienes (LTD4 , LTC4 , and LTE4 ), with significant affinity at micromolar and nanomolar concentrations, respectively. This receptor has a broad distribution at the level of the central nervous system (CNS) and is found in neurons and in a subset of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Unfortunately, disparate results emerging from different laboratories have resulted in a lack of clarity with regard to the role of GPR17-targeting ligands in OPC differentiation and in myelination. GPR17 is also highly expressed in organs typically undergoing ischemic damage and has various roles in specific phases of adaptations that follow a stroke. Under such conditions, GPR17 plays a crucial role; in fact, its inhibition decreases the progression of ischemic damage. This review summarizes some important features of this receptor that could be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of demyelinating diseases and for repairing traumatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Claudia Santinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032, Camerino, MC, Italy
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31
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Silva RO, de Oliveira AS, Nunes Lemes LF, de Camargo Nascente L, Coelho do Nascimento Nogueira P, Silveira ER, Brand GD, Vistoli G, Cilia A, Poggesi E, Buccioni M, Marucci G, Bolognesi ML, Romeiro LAS. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel arylpiperazines as potent antagonists of α1-adrenoceptor. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 122:601-610. [PMID: 27448917 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Arylpiperazines 2-11 were synthesized, and their biological profiles at α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-ARs) assessed by binding assays in CHO cells expressing human cloned subtypes and by functional experiments in isolated rat vas deferens (α1A), spleen (α1B), and aorta (α1D). Modifications at the 1,3-benzodioxole and phenyl phamacophoric units resulted in the identification of a number of potent compounds (moderately selective with respect to the α1b-AR), in binding experiments. Notably, compound 7 (LDT451) showed a subnanomolar pKi of 9.41 towards α1a-AR. An encouragingly lower α1B-potency was a general trend for all the series of compounds, which showed α1A/D over α1B selectivity in functional assays. If adequately optimized, such peculiar selectivity could have relevance for a potential LUTS/BPH therapeutic application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Oliveira Silva
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil; LADETER, Catholic University of Brasília, QS 07, Lote 01, EPCT, Águas Claras, 71966-700, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Andressa Souza de Oliveira
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil; LADETER, Catholic University of Brasília, QS 07, Lote 01, EPCT, Águas Claras, 71966-700, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Laís Flávia Nunes Lemes
- LADETER, Catholic University of Brasília, QS 07, Lote 01, EPCT, Águas Claras, 71966-700, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Luciana de Camargo Nascente
- LADETER, Catholic University of Brasília, QS 07, Lote 01, EPCT, Águas Claras, 71966-700, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Edilberto R Silveira
- Departament of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, 60021-970, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Guilherme D Brand
- Chemistry Institute, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Giulio Vistoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonio Cilia
- Drug Discovery Department, Recordati S.p.A, Via Civitali 1, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Poggesi
- Drug Discovery Department, Recordati S.p.A, Via Civitali 1, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, I-62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, I-62032, Camerino, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Bolognesi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Luiz Antonio Soares Romeiro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Faculty, University of Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil; LADETER, Catholic University of Brasília, QS 07, Lote 01, EPCT, Águas Claras, 71966-700, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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32
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Santinelli C, Spinaci A, Thomas A, Volpini R. Simulation and Comparative Analysis of Different Binding Modes of Non-nucleoside Agonists at the A2A Adenosine Receptor. Mol Inform 2016; 35:403-13. [PMID: 27546044 DOI: 10.1002/minf.201501042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Non-nucleoside agonists of adenosine receptors were analysed at the A2A adenosine receptor to simulate and compare their possible binding modes. The docking studies were performed by using different arrangements of the binding cavity and various docking tools. Mutagenesis results reported in literature were used as reference data for the assessment of the different ligand arrangements observed in this study. The results suggest four possible binding modes, two of which appear compatible with an agonist activity and in agreement with the mutagenesis data. This study provides useful information for the design of new simplified compounds presenting agonist activity at the A2A adenosine receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy.
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy
| | - Claudia Santinelli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy
| | - Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, 62032, Camerino (MC, Italy
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33
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Thomas A, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Santinelli C, Spinaci A, Kachler S, Klotz KN, Volpini R. The Length and Flexibility of the 2-Substituent of 9-Ethyladenine Derivatives Modulate Affinity and Selectivity for the Human A2AAdenosine Receptor. ChemMedChem 2016; 11:1829-39. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201500595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Claudia Santinelli
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Andrea Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie; Universität Würzburg; Versbacher Str. 9 97078 Würzburg Germany
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie; Universität Würzburg; Versbacher Str. 9 97078 Würzburg Germany
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy; Medicinal Chemistry Unit; University of Camerino; via S. Agostino 1 62032 Camerino Macerata Italy
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34
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Caprioli G, Iannarelli R, Innocenti M, Bellumori M, Fiorini D, Sagratini G, Vittori S, Buccioni M, Santinelli C, Bramucci M, Quassinti L, Lupidi G, Vitali LA, Petrelli D, Beghelli D, Cavallucci C, Bistoni O, Trivisonno A, Maggi F. Blue honeysuckle fruit (Lonicera caerulea L.) from eastern Russia: phenolic composition, nutritional value and biological activities of its polar extracts. Food Funct 2016; 7:1892-903. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00203j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a chemical and biological investigation of blue honeysuckle growing in eastern Russia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marzia Innocenti
- Department of NEUROFARBA
- Division of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - Maria Bellumori
- Department of NEUROFARBA
- Division of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences
- University of Florence
- Italy
| | - Dennis Fiorini
- School of Science and Technology
- University of Camerino
- Camerino
- Italy
| | | | - Sauro Vittori
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Camerino
- Camerino
- Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giulio Lupidi
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Camerino
- Camerino
- Italy
| | | | - Dezemona Petrelli
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine
- University of Camerino
- Camerino
- Italy
| | - Daniela Beghelli
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine
- University of Camerino
- Camerino
- Italy
| | - Clarita Cavallucci
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine
- University of Camerino
- Camerino
- Italy
| | - Onelia Bistoni
- Department of Medicine
- Rheumatology Unit
- University of Perugia
- Perugia
- Italy
| | | | - Filippo Maggi
- School of Pharmacy
- University of Camerino
- Camerino
- Italy
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35
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Tayebati S, Marucci G, Santinelli C, Buccioni M, Amenta F. Choline-Containing Phospholipids: Structure-Activity Relationships Versus Therapeutic Applications. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:4328-40. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867322666151029104152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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36
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Lambertucci C, Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Marucci G, Thomas A, Volpini R. Medicinal chemistry of P2X receptors: agonists and orthosteric antagonists. Curr Med Chem 2015; 22:915-28. [PMID: 25515515 DOI: 10.2174/0929867321666141215093513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we have highlighted data reported in the literature trying to draw a complete picture of the structures and biological activity of agonists and orthosteric antagonists of P2X receptors. Actually, only few P2X receptor agonists have been found and most of them are derived from modification of the natural ligand ATP and they are P2X receptor subtype unselective. In particular, BzATP (9) is one of the most potent P2X receptor agonists with EC50 value in the nanomolar range at some subtypes. Differently from agonists, P2X receptor antagonists belong to different chemical classes such as high molecular weight aryl polysulfonate molecules like suramin and its simplified derivatives and anthraquinone compounds. All these molecules proved to be non selective at P2X receptors, and they are endowed with micromolar activity and not favourable pharmacokinetic properties due to the presence of several charged groups. Also modification of the natural ligand ATP led to the discovery of P2X receptor antagonists like TNP-ATP (29), which, although not selective, showed high potency at P2X1, P2X3 (IC50 of 0.006 µM and 0.001 µM, respectively), and heteromeric P2X2/3 receptors. Also the dinucleotide inosine polyphosphate Ip5I (33) was found to be a potent and selective antagonist at P2X1 vs P2X3 receptors with IC50 = 0.003 µM. A significant improvement has been gained from the interest of pharmaceutical companies that in the last years discovered, through the use of high-throughput screening, potent and selective antagonists endowed with novel structures, some of which are currently in clinical trials for several therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino, 1, I-62032, Camerino, Italy.
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37
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Lambertucci C, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Kachler S, Marucci G, Spinaci A, Thomas A, Klotz KN, Volpini R. New substituted 9-propyladenine derivatives as A2Aadenosine receptor antagonists. Med Chem Commun 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5md00034c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
New 9-propyladenines substituted at 2- or N6- and 8 positions behave as adenosine receptor antagonists with low nM affinity at the A2A subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - M. Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - D. Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - S. Kachler
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie
- Würzburg
- Germany
| | - G. Marucci
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - A. Spinaci
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - A. Thomas
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
| | - K.-N. Klotz
- Universität Würzburg
- Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie
- Würzburg
- Germany
| | - R. Volpini
- School of Pharmacy
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit
- University of Camerino
- 62032 Camerino
- Italy
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38
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Romeo G, Salerno L, Pittalà V, Modica MN, Siracusa MA, Materia L, Buccioni M, Marucci G, Minneman KP. High affinity ligands and potent antagonists for the α1D-adrenergic receptor. Novel 3,8-disubstituted [1]benzothieno[3,2-d]pyrimidine derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 83:419-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.06.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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39
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Thomas A, Volpini R. Simulation and comparative analysis of binding modes of nucleoside and non-nucleoside agonists at the A2B adenosine receptor. In Silico Pharmacol 2013; 1:24. [PMID: 25505666 PMCID: PMC4215817 DOI: 10.1186/2193-9616-1-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A2B receptor agonists are studied as possible therapeutic tools for a variety of pathological conditions. Unfortunately, medicinal chemistry efforts have led to the development of a limited number of potent agonists of this receptor, in most cases with a low or no selectivity versus the other adenosine receptor subtypes. Among the developed molecules, two structural families of compounds have been identified based on nucleoside and non-nucleoside (pyridine) scaffolds. The aim of this work is to analyse the binding mode of these molecules at 3D models of the human A2B receptor to identify possible common interaction features and the key receptor residues involved in ligand interaction. METHODS The A2B receptor models are built by using two recently published crystal structures of the human A2A receptor in complex with two different agonists. The developed models are used as targets for molecular docking studies of nucleoside and non-nucleoside agonists. The generated docking conformations are subjected to energy minimization and rescoring by using three different scoring functions. Further analysis of top-score conformations are performed with a tool evaluating the interaction energy between the ligand and the binding site residues. RESULTS Results suggest a set of common interaction points between the two structural families of agonists and the receptor binding site, as evidenced by the superimposition of docking conformations and by analysis of interaction energy with the receptor residues. CONCLUSIONS The obtained results show that there is a conserved pattern of interaction between the A2B receptor and its agonists. These information and can provide useful data to support the design and the development of A2B receptor agonists belonging to nucleoside or non-nucleoside structural families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC 62032 Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC 62032 Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC 62032 Italy
| | - Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC 62032 Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, via S. Agostino 1, Camerino, MC 62032 Italy
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Kachler S, Falgner N, Marucci G, Thomas A, Cristalli G, Volpini R, Klotz KN. Different efficacy of adenosine and NECA derivatives at the human A3 adenosine receptor: insight into the receptor activation switch. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 87:321-31. [PMID: 24161786 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2013] [Revised: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A3 Adenosine receptors are promising drug targets for a number of diseases and intense efforts are dedicated to develop selective agonists and antagonists of these receptors. A series of adenosine derivatives with 2-(ar)-alkynyl chains, with high affinity and different degrees of selectivity for human A3 adenosine receptors was tested for the ability to inhibit forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase. All these derivatives are partial agonists at A3 adenosine receptors; their efficacy is not significantly modified by the introduction of small alkyl substituents in the N(6)-position. In contrast, the adenosine-5'-N-ethyluronamide (NECA) analogs of 2-(ar)-alkynyladenosine derivatives are full A3 agonists. Molecular modeling analyses were performed considering both the conformational behavior of the ligands and the impact of 2- and 5'-substituents on ligand-target interaction. The results suggest an explanation for the different agonistic behavior of adenosine and NECA derivatives, respectively. A sub-pocket of the binding site was analyzed as a crucial interaction domain for receptor activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Sonja Kachler
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Versbacher Str. 9, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nico Falgner
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Versbacher Str. 9, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Ajiroghene Thomas
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gloria Cristalli
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Karl-Norbert Klotz
- Universität Würzburg, Institut für Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Versbacher Str. 9, D-97078, Würzburg, Germany.
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Thomas A, Klotz KN, Federico S, Cacciari B, Spalluto G, Volpini R. 8-(2-Furyl)adenine derivatives as A₂A adenosine receptor ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 70:525-35. [PMID: 24189496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Selective adenosine receptor modulators are potential tools for numerous therapeutic applications, including cardiovascular, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, the synthesis and biological evaluation at the four human adenosine receptor subtypes of a series of 9-substituted 8-(2-furyl)adenine derivatives are reported. Results show that 8-(2-furyl)-9-methyladenine is endowed with high affinity at the A₂A subtype. Further modification of this compound with introduction of arylacetyl or arylcarbamoyl groups in N(6)-position takes to different effects on the A₂A affinity and in particular on the selectivity versus the other three adenosine receptor subtypes. A molecular modelling analysis at three different A₂A receptor crystal structures provides an interpretation of the obtained biological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino 1, I-62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
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Lambertucci C, Sundukova M, Kachare DD, Panmand DS, Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Marucci G, Marchenkova A, Thomas A, Nistri A, Cristalli G, Volpini R. Evaluation of adenine as scaffold for the development of novel P2X3 receptor antagonists. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 65:41-50. [PMID: 23688699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 04/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ligands that selectively block P2X3 receptors localized on nociceptive sensory fibres may be useful for the treatment of chronic pain conditions including neuropathic pain, migraine, and inflammatory pain. With the aim at exploring the suitability of adenine moiety as a scaffold for the development of antagonists of this receptor, a series of 9-benzyl-2-aminoadenine derivatives were designed and synthesized. These new compounds were functionally evaluated at rat or human P2X3 receptors expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and on native P2X3 receptors from mouse trigeminal ganglion sensory neurons using patch clamp recording under voltage clamp configuration. The new molecules behaved as P2X3 antagonists, as they rapidly and reversibly inhibited (IC50 in the low micromolar range) the membrane currents induced via P2X3 receptor activation by the full agonist α,β-methyleneATP. Introduction of a small lipophilic methyl substituent at the 6-amino group enhanced the activity, in comparison to the corresponding unsubstituted derivative, resulting in the 9-(5-iodo-2-isopropyl-4-methoxybenzyl)-N(6)-methyl-9H-purine-2,6-diamine (24), which appears to be a good antagonist on recombinant and native P2X3 receptors with IC50 = 1.74 ± 0.21 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia Lambertucci
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Via S. Agostino, 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
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Prandi A, Franchini S, Manasieva LI, Fossa P, Cichero E, Marucci G, Buccioni M, Cilia A, Pirona L, Brasili L. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Docking Studies of Tetrahydrofuran- Cyclopentanone- and Cyclopentanol-Based Ligands Acting at Adrenergic α1- and Serotonine 5-HT1A Receptors. J Med Chem 2011; 55:23-36. [DOI: 10.1021/jm200421e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adolfo Prandi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Silvia Franchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Leda Ivanova Manasieva
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Paola Fossa
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto
XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Cichero
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Genova, Viale Benedetto
XV 3, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriella Marucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino
1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Michela Buccioni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Camerino, Via S. Agostino
1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Antonio Cilia
- Divisione Ricerca e Sviluppo, Recordati SpA, Via Civitali 1, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Pirona
- Divisione Ricerca e Sviluppo, Recordati SpA, Via Civitali 1, 20148 Milano, Italy
| | - Livio Brasili
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 183, 41125 Modena, Italy
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Lambertucci C, Buccioni M, Cacciari B, Dal Ben D, Federico S, Klotz KN, Marucci G, Volpini R, Spalluto G, Cristalli G. New 9-methyl-8-(4-hydroxyphenyl)adenine derivatives as A1 adenosine receptor antagonists. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc2011091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A new series of 9-methyladenines, bearing different bulky groups at the 8-position, were prepared and their affinity for the four human adenosine receptor subtypes were evaluated. All the synthesized compounds showed affinities at the A1, A2A, and A3AR subtypes ranging from nanomolar to micromolar levels with different degrees of A1selectivity, while they resulted nearly inactive at A2BAR. In particular, 9-methyl-8-[4-(4-methylbenzyloxy)phenyl]- adenine showed A1AR affinity in the nanomolar range and good levels of selectivity versus the other receptor subtypes. Furthermore, a functional assay at mouse ileum allowed to assess the potency of selected compounds at A1AR subtype. Results showed that all the tested derivatives are neutral antagonists and theirKbvalues are in good agreement with theKivalues from radioligand binding assay at human A1AR, confirming that the effect is due to inhibition of this subtype.
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Dal Ben D, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Volpini R, Cristalli G. The importance of alkynyl chain presence for the activity of adenine nucleosides/nucleotides on purinergic receptors. Curr Med Chem 2011; 18:1444-63. [PMID: 21428896 DOI: 10.2174/092986711795328391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The first demonstrations in the early seventies that adenosine had marked effects in the cerebral cortex, which were independent of its role in intermediary metabolism and could be antagonised by methylxanthines, were followed by the observations that other purine derivatives, notably ATP, may also play a critical role in cell function. In 1978 Burnstock first introduced the terms Pl for the nucleoside receptors and P2 for the nucleotide receptors, based on the most fundamental divisions of purine receptors between those for nucleosides such as adenosine and those for nucleotides such as ATP. At present, the P1 (adenosine) receptor family presents 4 subtypes, while the P2 (ATP, ADP and UTP) receptor family has been divided into P2X ionotropic receptors and P2Y metabotropic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). While knowledge on the purinergic receptor pharmacology was increasing, the development of potent and selective ligands for these receptors has been a target of medicinal chemistry research for several decades. In particular, synthesis of 2-substituted adenosines was carried out in many laboratories starting from seventies aimed at finding adenosine derivatives more resistant than the parent nucleoside to rapid uptake into cells, to deamination by adenosine deaminase, and to phosphorylation by adenosine kinase. In the present review the synthesis of alkynyl derivatives of adenine, adenosine, N-alkylcarboxamidoadenosine, and adenine nucleotides, which have been tested on purinergic receptors, will be summarized. Furthermore, the contribution of chemistry, molecular modelling, and pharmacology to the development of structure-activity relationships in this class of purinergic receptor ligands will be outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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Buccioni M, Marucci G, Dal Ben D, Giacobbe D, Lambertucci C, Soverchia L, Thomas A, Volpini R, Cristalli G. Innovative functional cAMP assay for studying G protein-coupled receptors: application to the pharmacological characterization of GPR17. Purinergic Signal 2011; 7:463-8. [PMID: 21773766 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-011-9245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an innovative and non-radioactive functional cAMP assay was validated at the GPR17 receptor. This assay provides a simple and powerful new system to monitor G protein-coupled receptor activity through change in the intracellular cAMP concentration by using a mutant form of Photinus pyralis luciferase into which a cAMP-binding protein moiety has been inserted. Results, expressed as EC(50) or IC(50) values for agonists and antagonists, respectively, showed a strong correlation with those obtained with [(35)S]GTPγS binding assay, thus confirming the validity of this approach in the study of new ligands for GPR17. Moreover, this method allowed confirming that GPR17 is coupled with a G(αi).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Buccioni
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032, Camerino, Italy
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Volpini R, Marucci G, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Lammi C, Mishra RC, Thomas A, Cristalli G. Inside Cover: Evidence for the Existence of a Specific G Protein-Coupled Receptor Activated by Guanosine (ChemMedChem 6/2011). ChemMedChem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201190024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Volpini R, Marucci G, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Lammi C, Mishra RC, Thomas A, Cristalli G. Evidence for the existence of a specific g protein-coupled receptor activated by guanosine. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1074-80. [PMID: 21500353 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2011] [Revised: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Guanosine, released extracellularly from neurons and glial cells, plays important roles in the central nervous system, including neuroprotection. The innovative DELFIA Eu-GTP binding assay was optimized for characterization of the putative guanosine receptor binding site at rat brain membranes by using a series of novel and known guanosine derivatives. These nucleosides were prepared by modifying the purine and sugar moieties of guanosine at the 6- and 5'-positions, respectively. Results of these experiments prove that guanosine, 6-thioguanosine, and their derivatives activate a G protein-coupled receptor that is different from the well-characterized adenosine receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Volpini
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, Italy
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Dal Ben D, Antonini I, Buccioni M, Lambertucci C, Marucci G, Thomas A, Volpini R, Cristalli G. Neuropeptide S receptor: recent updates on nonpeptide antagonist discovery. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1163-71. [PMID: 21452188 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a 20-amino acid peptide of great interest due to its possible involvement in several biological processes, including food intake, locomotion, wakefulness, arousal, and anxiety. Structure-activity relationship studies of NPS have identified key points for structural modifications with the goal of modulating NPS receptor (NPSR) agonist activity or achieving antagonism at the same receptor. Only limited information is available for nonpeptide NPSR antagonists. In the last year, several studies have been reported in literature which present various series of small molecules as antagonists of this receptor. The results allow a comparison of the structures and activities of these molecules, leading to the design of new ligands with increased potency and improved pharmacological and pharmacokinetic profiles. This work presents a brief overview of the available information regarding structural features and pharmacological characterization of published nonpeptide NPSR antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Dal Ben
- School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Chemistry Unit, University of Camerino via S. Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
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Marucci G, Lammi C, Buccioni M, Dal Ben D, Lambertucci C, Amantini C, Santoni G, Kandhavelu M, Abbracchio MP, Lecca D, Volpini R, Cristalli G. Comparison and optimization of transient transfection methods at human astrocytoma cell line 1321N1. Anal Biochem 2011; 414:300-2. [PMID: 21354096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2011.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Accepted: 02/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery to eukaryotic cells is the technique to study the regulation of gene expression. Human astrocytoma cell line 1321N1 could be useful to study G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Different transient transfection methods, namely calcium phosphate, Lipofectamine, FuGENE, Arrest-In, and microporation (Microporator), were investigated. Results were analyzed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and fluorescence microscope using green fluorescent protein (GFP) as a reporter gene. To verify the transfection efficiency of these techniques, the expression of human GPR17 gene (hgpr17) was analyzed by transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Microporation resulted in the best method to promote enriched hgpr17 delivery into the human astrocytoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Marucci
- Medicinal Chemistry Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Camerino, Italy
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