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Wang L, Møhlenberg M, Wang P, Zhou H. Corrigendum to "Immune evasion of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron" [Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 70 (2023) 13-25]. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2024:S1359-6101(24)00033-9. [PMID: 38614914 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | | | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Thomsen MM, Skouboe MK, Møhlenberg M, Zhao J, de Keukeleere K, Heinz JL, Werner M, Hollensen AK, Lønskov J, Nielsen I, Carter-Timofte ME, Zhang B, Mikkelsen JG, Fisker N, Paludan SR, Assing K, Mogensen TH. Impaired STING Activation Due to a Variant in the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase AMFR in a Patient with Severe VZV Infection and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis. J Clin Immunol 2024; 44:56. [PMID: 38277122 PMCID: PMC10817851 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-024-01653-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic alphaherpesvirus exclusively infecting humans, causing two distinct pathologies: varicella (chickenpox) upon primary infection and herpes zoster (shingles) following reactivation. In susceptible individuals, VZV can give rise to more severe clinical manifestations, including disseminated infection, pneumonitis, encephalitis, and vasculopathy with stroke. Here, we describe a 3-year-old boy in whom varicella followed a complicated course with thrombocytopenia, hemorrhagic and necrotic lesions, pneumonitis, and intermittent encephalopathy. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) was strongly suspected and as the condition deteriorated, HLH therapy was initiated. Although the clinical condition improved, longstanding hemophagocytosis followed despite therapy. We found that the patient carries a rare monoallelic variant in autocrine motility factor receptor (AMFR), encoding a ubiquitin ligase involved in innate cytosolic DNA sensing and interferon (IFN) production through the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of IFN genes (cGAS-STING) pathway. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from the patient exhibited impaired signaling downstream of STING in response dsDNA and 2'3'-cGAMP, agonists of cGAS and STING, respectively, and fibroblasts from the patient showed impaired type I IFN responses and significantly increased VZV replication. Overexpression of the variant AMFR R594C resulted in decreased K27-linked STING ubiquitination compared to WT AMFR. Moreover, ImageStream technology revealed reduced STING trafficking from ER to Golgi in cells expressing the patient AMFR R594C variant. This was supported by a dose-dependent dominant negative effect of expression of the patient AMFR variant as measured by IFN-β reporter gene assay. Finally, lentiviral transduction with WT AMFR partially reconstituted 2'3'-cGAMP-induced STING-mediated signaling and ISG expression in patient PBMCs. This work links defective AMFR-STING signaling to severe VZV disease and hyperinflammation and suggests a direct role for cGAS-STING in the control of viral infections in humans. In conclusion, we describe a novel genetic etiology of severe VZV disease in childhood, also representing the first inborn error of immunity related to a defect in the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Mølgaard Thomsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Kelder Skouboe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michelle Møhlenberg
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin de Keukeleere
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johanna Laura Heinz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Marvin Werner
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Kruse Hollensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas Lønskov
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ian Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Baocun Zhang
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Fisker
- Department of Pediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Søren R Paludan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kristian Assing
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Trine H Mogensen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens, Boulevard 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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Yang K, Guo J, Møhlenberg M, Zhou H. SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in medical and industrial wastewater-a global perspective: a narrative review. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:63323-63334. [PMID: 36988799 PMCID: PMC10049894 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26571-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread at an unprecedented rate since late 2019, leading to the global COVID-19 pandemic. During the pandemic, being able to detect SARS-CoV-2 in human populations with high coverage quickly is a huge challenge. As SARS-CoV-2 is excreted in human excreta and thus exposed to the aqueous environment through sewers, the goal is to develop an ideal, non-invasive, cost-effective epidemiological method for detecting SARS-CoV-2. Wastewater surveillance has gained widespread interest and is increasingly being investigated as an effective early warning tool for monitoring the spread and evolution of the virus. This review emphasizes important findings on SARS-CoV-2 wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) in different continents and techniques used to detect SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater during the period 2020-2022. The results show that WBE is a valuable population-level method for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 and is a valuable early warning alert. It can assist policymakers in formulating relevant policies to avoid the negative impacts of early or delayed action. Such strategy can also help avoid unnecessary wastage of medical resources, rationalize vaccine distribution, assist early detection, and contain large-scale outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwen Yang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liutai Road 1166, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liutai Road 1166, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Michelle Møhlenberg
- Department of Biomedicine, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, Building 1115, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Hao Zhou
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Liutai Road 1166, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 610000, China.
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Wang L, Møhlenberg M, Wang P, Zhou H. Immune evasion of neutralizing antibodies by SARS-CoV-2 Omicron. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 70:13-25. [PMID: 36948931 PMCID: PMC9985919 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Since its emergence at the end of 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the infection of more than 600 million people worldwide and has significant damage to global medical, economic, and political structures. Currently, a highly mutated variant of concern, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, has evolved into many different subvariants mainly including BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4/5, and the recently emerging BA.2.75.2, BA.2.76, BA.4.6, BA.4.7, BA.5.9, BF.7, BQ.1, BQ.1.1, XBB, XBB.1, etc. Mutations in the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein, such as A67V, G142D, and N212I, alter the antigenic structure of Omicron, while mutations in the spike receptor binding domain (RBD), such as R346K, Q493R, and N501Y, increase the affinity for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Both types of mutations greatly increase the capacity of Omicron to evade immunity from neutralizing antibodies, produced by natural infection and/or vaccination. In this review, we systematically assess the immune evasion capacity of SARS-CoV-2, with an emphasis on the neutralizing antibodies generated by different vaccination regimes. Understanding the host antibody response and the evasion strategies employed by SARS-CoV-2 variants will improve our capacity to combat newly emerging Omicron variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Wang
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | | | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Zhou H, Møhlenberg M, Thakor JC, Tuli HS, Wang P, Assaraf YG, Dhama K, Jiang S. Sensitivity to Vaccines, Therapeutic Antibodies, and Viral Entry Inhibitors and Advances To Counter the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0001422. [PMID: 35862736 PMCID: PMC9491202 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00014-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) keeps evolving and mutating into newer variants over time, which gain higher transmissibility, disease severity, and spread in communities at a faster rate, resulting in multiple waves of surge in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases. A highly mutated and transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant has recently emerged, driving the extremely high peak of infections in almost all continents at an unprecedented speed and scale. The Omicron variant evades the protection rendered by vaccine-induced antibodies and natural infection, as well as overpowers the antibody-based immunotherapies, raising the concerns of current effectiveness of available vaccines and monoclonal antibody-based therapies. This review outlines the most recent advancements in studying the virology and biology of the Omicron variant, highlighting its increased resistance to current antibody-based therapeutics and its immune escape against vaccines. However, the Omicron variant is highly sensitive to viral fusion inhibitors targeting the HR1 motif in the spike protein, enzyme inhibitors, involving the endosomal fusion pathway, and ACE2-based entry inhibitors. Omicron variant-associated infectivity and entry mechanisms of Omicron variant are essentially distinct from previous characterized variants. Innate sensing and immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 and T cell immunity to the virus provide new perspectives of vaccine and drug development. These findings are important for understanding SARS-CoV-2 viral biology and advances in developing vaccines, antibody-based therapies, and more effective strategies to mitigate the transmission of the Omicron variant or the next SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Michelle Møhlenberg
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Center for Cancer Biology, Department of Oncology, VIB-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jigarji C. Thakor
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed University), Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yehuda G. Assaraf
- The Fred Wyszkowski Cancer Research Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Technion Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shibo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Møhlenberg M, Monrad I, Vibholm LK, Nielsen SSF, Frattari GS, Schleimann MH, Olesen R, Kjolby M, Gunst JD, Søgaard OS, O'Brien TR, Tolstrup M, Hartmann R. The Impact of IFNλ4 on the Adaptive Immune Response to SARS-CoV-2 Infection. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2021; 41:407-414. [PMID: 34788130 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2021.0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic polymorphisms at the IFNL4 loci are known to influence the clinical outcome of several different infectious diseases. Best described is the association between the IFNL4 genotype and hepatitis C virus clearance. However, an influence of the IFNL4 genotype on the adaptive immune system was suggested by several studies but never investigated in humans. In this cross-sectional study, we have genotyped 201 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-positive participants for 3 IFNL4 polymorphisms (rs368234815, rs12979860, and rs117648444) and stratified them according to the IFNλ4 activity. Based on this stratification, we investigated the association between the IFNL4 genotype and the antibody as well as the CD8+ T cell response in the acute phase of the SARS-CoV-2 infection. We observed no differences in the genotype distribution compared with a Danish reference cohort or the 1,000 Genome Project, and we were not able to link the IFNL4 genotype to changes in either the antibody or CD8+ T cell responses of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Møhlenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ida Monrad
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Line K Vibholm
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Stine S F Nielsen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | | | | | - Rikke Olesen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Mads Kjolby
- Steno Diabetes Center North Denmark, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,DANDRITE, Deptarment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.,University of Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ole Schmeltz Søgaard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Thomas R O'Brien
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Martin Tolstrup
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Rune Hartmann
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Dalskov L, Møhlenberg M, Thyrsted J, Blay-Cadanet J, Poulsen ET, Folkersen BH, Skaarup SH, Olagnier D, Reinert L, Enghild JJ, Hoffmann HJ, Holm CK, Hartmann R. SARS-CoV-2 evades immune detection in alveolar macrophages. EMBO Rep 2020; 21:e51252. [PMID: 33112036 PMCID: PMC7645910 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202051252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory infections, like the current COVID‐19 pandemic, target epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are tissue‐resident macrophages located within the lung. They play a key role in the early phases of an immune response to respiratory viruses. AMs are likely the first immune cells to encounter SARS‐CoV‐2 during an infection, and their reaction to the virus will have a profound impact on the outcome of the infection. Interferons (IFNs) are antiviral cytokines and among the first cytokines produced upon viral infection. In this study, AMs from non‐infectious donors are challenged with SARS‐CoV‐2. We demonstrate that challenged AMs are incapable of sensing SARS‐CoV‐2 and of producing an IFN response in contrast to other respiratory viruses, like influenza A virus and Sendai virus, which trigger a robust IFN response. The absence of IFN production in AMs upon challenge with SARS‐CoV‐2 could explain the initial asymptotic phase observed during COVID‐19 and argues against AMs being the sources of pro‐inflammatory cytokines later during infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Dalskov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michelle Møhlenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jacob Thyrsted
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Søren Helbo Skaarup
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David Olagnier
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Line Reinert
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan Johannes Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Jürgen Hoffmann
- Department of Respiratory Diseases and Allergy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Rune Hartmann
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Møhlenberg M, Terczynska-Dyla E, Thomsen KL, George J, Eslam M, Grønbæk H, Hartmann R. The role of IFN in the development of NAFLD and NASH. Cytokine 2019; 124:154519. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Abstract
Genetic variation within the IFNL loci is associated with several diseases and evidence indicates that the IFNL genes have been subjects of strong selection during recent human evolution. The nonsynonymous rs30461 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), generating interferon (IFN)-λ1 D188N, shows a strong signature of positive selection in European and Asian populations. Nevertheless, genetic association studies have failed to show any coupling of rs30461 to diseases such as psoriasis and periodontitis. Based on these observations, we purified IFN-λ1 N188 and IFN-λ1 D188 to compare the biological activity of these 2 IFN-λ1 versions. Furthermore, we evaluated the secretion of the 2 different IFN-λ1 versions. We were unable to observe any differences between IFN-λ1 N188 and IFN-λ1 D188 based on biological activity or secretion that could account for the positive selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Møhlenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Hans Henrik Gad
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rune Hartmann
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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