A 28 GHz Phased-Array Transceiver for 5G Applications in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS

This paper presents the design and implementation of a 28 GHz phased array transceiver for 5G applications using 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS technology. The transceiver consists of a four-channel phased array receiver and transmitter, which employs phase shifting based on coarse and fine controls. The transceiver employs a zero-IF architecture, which is suitable for small footprints and low power requirements. The receiver achieves a 3.5 dB NF with a 1 dB compression point of -21 dBm and a gain of 13 dB.

A Low-Phase-Noise 8 GHz Linear-Band Sub-Millimeter-Wave Phase-Locked Loop in 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS

Low-phase noise and wideband phased-locked loops (PLLs) are crucial for high-data rate communication and imaging systems. Sub-millimeter-wave (sub-mm-wave) PLLs typically exhibit poor performance in terms of noise and bandwidth due to higher device parasitic capacitances, among other reasons. In this regard, a low-phase-noise, wideband, integer-N, type-II phase-locked loop was implemented in the 22 nm FD-SOI CMOS process. The proposed wideband linear differential tuning I/Q voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) achieves an overall frequency range of 157.5-167.5 GHz with 8 GHz linear tuning and a phase noise of -113 dBc/Hz @ 100 KHz. Moreover, the fabricated PLL produces a phase noise less than -103 dBc/Hz @ 1 KHz and -128 dBc/Hz @ 100 KHz, corresponding to the lowest phase noise generated by a sub-millimeter-wave PLL to date. The measured RF output saturated power and DC power consumption of the PLL are 2 dBm and 120.75 mW, respectively, whereas the fabricated chip comprising a power amplifier and an integrated antenna occupies an area of 1.25 × 0.9 mm².

160 GHz D-Band Low-Noise Amplifier and Power Amplifier for Radar-Based Contactless Vital-Signs-Monitoring Systems

This paper presents a 160 GHz, D-band, low-noise amplifier (LNA) and a D-band power amplifier (PA) implemented in the Global Foundries 22 nm CMOS FDSOI. The two designs are used for the contactless monitoring of vital signs in the D-band. The LNA is based on multiple stages of a cascode amplifier topology with a common source topology adopted as the input and output stages. The input stage of the LNA is designed for simultaneous input and output matching, while the inter-stage-matching networks are designed for maximizing the voltage swing. The LNA achieved a maximum gain of 17 dB at 163 GHz. The input return loss was quite poor in the 157-166 GHz frequency band. The -3 dB gain bandwidth corresponded to 157-166 GHz. The measured noise figure was between 7.6 dB and 8 dB within the -3 dB gain bandwidth. The power amplifier achieved an output 1 dB compression point of 6.8 dBm at 159.75 GHz. The measured power consumptions of the LNA and the PA were 28.8 mW and 10.8 mW, respectively.

Integrated graphene oxide resistive element in tunable RF filters

Adaptable communication systems are of great interest as they provide dynamic front end to accommodate the tunable spectrum management in advanced wireless systems. Memristor (acronym of memory resistor) is an emerging technology part of resistive RAM (RRAM) that has good potential for application in reconfigurable RF devices. The potentiality of using resistive switches for frequency tuning of high frequency RF filters is successfully explored in this article for the first time. Tunable RF filter is designed with detailed simulation using Ansys HFSS, and then correlated with measured results from experiment. As a proof of concept, a prototype of the tunable RF filter is fabricated by using a graphene oxide (GO) integrated with a conventional microstrip open stub notch filter. The resistor switching ability of the device is exploited for the frequency tuning. The resonating length of the notch filter is varied by changing the resistance of the active GO material between ‘HIGH’ (OFF) and ‘LOW’ (ON) resistance states. The measured results demonstrate the great potential of using RRAM in tunable RF devices. It also proves the possibility of tuning RF devices without any localized surface mount device (SMD) element or complex realization technique.

Human Vital Signs Detection Methods and Potential Using Radars: A Review

Continuous monitoring of vital signs, such as respiration and heartbeat, plays a crucial role in early detection and even prediction of conditions that may affect the wellbeing of the patient. Sensing vital signs can be categorized into: contact-based techniques and contactless based techniques. Conventional clinical methods of detecting these vital signs require the use of contact sensors, which may not be practical for long duration monitoring and less convenient for repeatable measurements. On the other hand, wireless vital signs detection using radars has the distinct advantage of not requiring the attachment of electrodes to the subject's body and hence not constraining the movement of the person and eliminating the possibility of skin irritation. In addition, it removes the need for wires and limitation of access to patients, especially for children and the elderly. This paper presents a thorough review on the traditional methods of monitoring cardio-pulmonary rates as well as the potential of replacing these systems with radar-based techniques. The paper also highlights the challenges that radar-based vital signs monitoring methods need to overcome to gain acceptance in the healthcare field. A proof-of-concept of a radar-based vital sign detection system is presented together with promising measurement results.