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Borovcanin MM, Vesic K, Petrovic I, Jovanovic IP, Mijailović NR. Diabetes mellitus type 2 as an underlying, comorbid or consequent state of mental disorders. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:481-493. [PMID: 37273248 PMCID: PMC10236997 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Somatic disturbances that occur in parallel with psychiatric diseases are a major challenge in clinical practice. Various factors contribute to the development of mental and somatic disorders. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant health burden worldwide, and the prevalence of diabetes in adults is increasing. The comorbidity of diabetes and mental disorders is very common. By sharing a bidirectional link, both T2DM and mental disorders influence each other in various manners, but the exact mechanisms underlying this link are not yet elucidated. The potential mechanisms of both mental disorders and T2DM are related to immune and inflammatory system dysfunction, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. Moreover, diabetes is also a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction that can range from subtle diabetes-associated cognitive decline to pre-dementia and dementia. A complex re-lationship between the gut and the brain also represents a new therapeutic approach since gut-brain signalling pathways regulate food intake and hepatic glucose production. The aim of this minireview is to summarize and present the latest data on mutual pathogenic pathways in these disorders, emphasizing their complexity and interweaving. We also focused on the cognitive performances and changes in neurodegenerative disorders. The importance of implementing integrated approaches in treating both of these states is highlighted, along with the need for individual therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Ivica Petrovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
| | - Nataša R Mijailović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34 000, Serbia
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Vesic K, Gavrilovic A, Mijailović NR, Borovcanin MM. Neuroimmune, clinical and treatment challenges in multiple sclerosis-related psychoses. World J Psychiatry 2023; 13:161-170. [PMID: 37123101 PMCID: PMC10130959 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, epidemiological and genetic studies have shown an association between autoimmune diseases and psychosis. The question arises whether patients with schizophrenia are more likely to develop multiple sclerosis (MS) later in life. It is well known that the immune system plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of both disorders. Immune disturbances may be similar or very different in terms of different types of immune responses, disturbed myelination, and/or immunogenetic predispositions. A psychotic symptom may be a consequence of the MS diagnosis itself or a separate entity. In this review article, we discussed the timing of onset of psychotic symptoms and MS and whether the use of corticosteroids as therapy for acute relapses in MS is unfairly neglected in patients with psychiatric comorbidities. In addition, we discussed that the anti-inflammatory potential of antipsychotics could be useful and should be considered, especially in the treatment of psychosis that coexists with MS. Autoimmune disorders could precipitate psychotic symptoms, and in this context, autoimmune psychosis must be considered as a persistent symptomatology that requires continuous and specific treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Gavrilovic
- Department of Neurology, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Nataša R Mijailović
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
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Minic Janicijevic S, Jovanovic IP, Gajovic NM, Jurisevic MM, Debnath M, Arsenijevic NN, Borovcanin MM. Galectin-3 mediated risk of inflammation in stable schizophrenia, with only possible secondary consequences for cognition. World J Psychiatry 2022; 12:1183-1193. [PMID: 36186503 PMCID: PMC9521526 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v12.i9.1183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that cytokines cause immune disturbances, shape immunological sequelae later in life, and modulate the risk of schizophrenia (SC). Galectin-3 (Gal-3), a multifaceted molecule of the glycan family, is involved in the formation of the immunological synapse and modulates the signalling pathway and effector functions of T lymphocytes, which are major producers of cytokines. We have previously reported elevated serum Gal-3 levels in stable SC patients. However, Gal-3 as a link between cognitive functioning and inflammation has not yet been investigated in SC.
AIM To investigate the relationship between serum Gal-3 levels and cognitive performance, serum cytokines, and white blood cell count in three-month stably treated SC patients.
METHODS Twenty-seven patients with SC in remission and 18 healthy volunteers participated in this case-control and correlational study. Clinical assessment was performed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and the Montreal-Cognitive Assessment. The results of previously measured serum levels of Gal-3, interleukin (IL)-33, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-17 were used for further statistical analyses, and IL-4, IL-23, IL-1β and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were now additionally measured with a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The number of leukocytes in the blood and the percentage of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes were determined with a standardized routine measurement procedure (Sysmex Technology). Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0 software.
RESULTS We found no correlation between serum Gal-3 levels and cognitive functioning in SC patients. A positive correlation was found between the levels of Gal-3 and TNF-α (r = 0.476; P = 0.012), Gal-3 and IL-23 (r = 0.417; P = 0.031), and Gal-3 and sST2 (r = 0.402; P = 0.038). The binary logistic model, which included all nine cytokines measured in this patient sample, indicated the particular role of Gal-3 and TGF-β in the duration of SC. In the stabilization phase of SC, we observed a moderate and negative correlation between serum Gal-3 levels and leukocytes (r = -0.449; P < 0.019). Additional linear regression analysis showed a positive correlation between Gal-3 expression and risperidone dose (F: 4.467; P < 0.045; r2 = 0.396).
CONCLUSION The combined activity of Gal-3 and proinflammatory cytokines, TGF-β downregulation and lower counts of leukocytes influence the SC duration. Gal-3 likely manifests indirect immunometabolic regulation of cognition in SC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Nevena M Gajovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Milena M Jurisevic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Monojit Debnath
- Department of Human Genetics, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore 560029, India
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
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Mijailović NR, Vesic K, Arsenijevic D, Milojević-Rakić M, Borovcanin MM. Galectin-3 Involvement in Cognitive Processes for New Therapeutic Considerations. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:923811. [PMID: 35875353 PMCID: PMC9296991 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.923811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment may be a consequence of the normal aging process, but it may also be the hallmark of various neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. Early identification of individuals at particular risk for cognitive decline is critical, as it is imperative to maintain a cognitive reserve in these neuropsychiatric entities. In recent years, galectin-3 (Gal-3), a member of the galectin family, has received considerable attention with respect to aspects of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The mechanisms behind the putative relationship between Gal-3 and cognitive impairment are not yet clear. Intrigued by this versatile molecule and its unique modular architecture, the latest data on this relationship are presented here. This mini-review summarizes recent findings on the mechanisms by which Gal-3 affects cognitive functioning in both animal and human models. Particular emphasis is placed on the role of Gal-3 in modulating the inflammatory response as a fine-tuner of microglia morphology and phenotype. A review of recent literature on the utility of Gal-3 as a biomarker is provided, and approaches to strategically exploit Gal-3 activities with therapeutic intentions in neuropsychiatric diseases are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataša R. Mijailović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
- *Correspondence: Nataša R. Mijailović,
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dragana Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Milica M. Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Abstract
Uric acid is commonly known for its bad reputation. However, it has been shown that uric acid may be actively involved in neurotoxicity and/or neuroprotection. These effects could be caused by oxidative stress or inflammatory processes localized in the central nervous system, but also by other somatic diseases or systemic conditions. Our interest was to summarize and link the current data on the possible role of uric acid in cognitive functioning. We also focused on the two putative molecular mechanisms related to the pathological effects of uric acid-oxidative stress and inflammatory processes. The hippocampus is a prominent anatomic localization included in expressing uric acid's potential impact on cognitive functioning. In neurodegenerative and mental disorders, uric acid could be involved in a variety of ways in etiopathogenesis and clinical presentation. Hyperuricemia is non-specifically observed more frequently in the general population and after various somatic illnesses. There is increasing evidence to support the hypothesis that hyperuricemia may be beneficial for cognitive functioning because of its antioxidant effects but may also be a potential risk factor for cognitive dysfunction, in part because of increased inflammatory activity. In this context, gender specificities must also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Vesic K, Balcioglu YH, Mijailović NR. Prescription of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in COVID-19 infection needs caution. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1052710. [PMID: 36339865 PMCID: PMC9626973 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1052710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Y Hasan Balcioglu
- Department of Psychiatry, Bakirkoy Prof Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nataša R Mijailović
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Vesic K. Breast cancer in schizophrenia could be interleukin-33-mediated. World J Psychiatry 2021; 11:1065-1074. [PMID: 34888174 PMCID: PMC8613763 DOI: 10.5498/wjp.v11.i11.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological and genetic studies have revealed an interconnection between schizophrenia and breast cancer. The mutual underlying pathophysiological mechanisms may be immunologically driven. A new cluster of molecules called alarmins may be involved in sterile brain inflammation, and we have already reported the potential impact of interleukin-33 (IL-33) on positive symptoms onset and the role of its soluble trans-membranes full length receptor (sST2) on amelioration of negative symptoms in schizophrenia genesis. Furthermore, these molecules have already been shown to be involved in breast cancer etiopathogenesis. In this review article, we aim to describe the IL-33/suppressor of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2) axis as a crossroad in schizophrenia-breast cancer comorbidity. Considering that raloxifene could be tissue-specific and improve cognition and that tamoxifen resistance in breast carcinoma could be improved by strategies targeting IL-33, these selective estrogen receptor modulators could be useful in complementary treatment. These observations could guide further somatic, as well as psychiatric therapeutical protocols by incorporating what is known about immunity in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Vesic K, Jovanovic M, Mijailovic NR. Galectin-3 possible involvement in antipsychotic-induced metabolic changes of schizophrenia: A minireview. World J Diabetes 2021; 12:1731-1739. [PMID: 34754374 PMCID: PMC8554363 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v12.i10.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, specific immunometabolic profiles have been postulated in patients with schizophrenia, even before full-blown disease and independent of antipsychotic treatment. Proteomic profiling studies offer a promising potential for elucidating the cellular and molecular pathways that may be involved in the onset and progression of schizophrenia symptoms, and co-occurrent metabolic changes. In view of all this, we were intrigued to explore galectin-3 (Gal-3) as a glycan, and in our previous study, we measured its elevated levels in remission of schizophrenia. The finding may be a consequence of antipsychotic treatment and may have an impact on the onset of inflammation, the development of obesity, and the presumed cognitive changes in schizophrenia. In the animal study, it was shown that downregulation of Gal-3 was beneficial in insulin regulation of obesity and cognitive preservation. Strategies involving plasma exchange are discussed in this review, particularly in the context of Gal-3 elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Milena Jovanovic
- PhD Studies, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
- Clinic for Nephrology and Dialysis, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
| | - Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kragujevac 34000, Sumadija, Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Radosavljevic GD, Pantic J, Milovanovic J, Mijailovic NR, Arsenijevic AN, Arsenijevic NN. Contrasting Roles of the Galectin-3 in the Schizophrenia Onset, Clinical Presentation and Somatic Comorbidity. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 21:1471-1487. [PMID: 34126898 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666210611162420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The role of the Galectin-3 (Gal-3) has already been explored in various somatic diseases, considering its engagement in infection, acute and chronic inflammation, and autoimmunity. Additionally, it has been recognized that Gal-3 is included in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, so we presented the possibility for its involvement in schizophrenia neuroprogression. Gal-3 possibly participates in the early life programming of schizophrenia, also in the specific response to viral infections as a "second hit" later in life and as a part of a unique systemic somatic dysfunction leading to the specific mental changes. In this review, we would like to put all these previous observations of Gal-3 properties in the context of schizophrenia onset, clinical symptoms presentation, frequent somatic comorbid states, and future options for Gal-3 centered treatment in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Gordana D Radosavljevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Pantic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac. Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Janicijevic SM, Mijailovic NR, Jovanovic IP, Arsenijevic NN, Vesic K. Uric Acid Potential Role in Systemic Inflammation and Negative Symptoms After Acute Antipsychotic Treatment in Schizophrenia. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:822579. [PMID: 35237183 PMCID: PMC8882684 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.822579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Uric acid (UA) has been shown to have neuroprotective or neurotoxic properties, in relation to specific tissues and diseases that have been studied. Previous studies provided contradictory results on the role of UA in schizophrenia as a neurodegenerative disorder. The aim of this brief report was an additional analysis of UA sera levels in different phases of schizophrenia. Here, 86 patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) vs. 45 patients with schizophrenia in relapse (SC in relapse) vs. 35 healthy control subjects (HC) were studied before and 1 month after antipsychotic therapy. Further, we aimed to explore the possible correlation of UA with scores presenting clinical features and with serum concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-17. When comparing the data between all three groups, we did not find significant differences in UA levels, either before or after the applied therapy. Also, comparing sera concentrations of UA in every single group, the analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences between FEP patients, but statistically, a significant difference was found in SC in relapse before and after treatment (334.71 ± 116.84 vs. 289.37 ± 109.15 μmol/L, p = 0.05). Uric acid serum levels correlated with negative sub-score (p = 0.001, r = 0.306), general sub-score (p = 0.015, r = 0.236), and total PANSS score (p = 0.009, r = 0.3) after 1 month of therapy. We have established a statistically significant positive correlation between serum concentrations of UA and IL-6 in exacerbation (p = 0.01, r = 0.220) and with IL-17 after treatment and in the stabilization of psychosis (p = 0.01, r = 0.34), suggesting potential cascades in different phases of schizophrenia that potentiate inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Slavica Minic Janicijevic
- Doctor of Philosophy Studies, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Natasa R Mijailovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Katarina Vesic
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Orsolini L, Rojnić Palavra I, Papanti GD, Potočan M, Quattrone D, Martens M, Sklenářová S, Levola J, Grichy L, Naughton S, Grinevičiene IK, Kuiters JP, Gondek TM, Panfil AL, Borovcanin MM, San Roman Uria A, Biskup E, Sönmez Güngör E, Casanova Dias M, Tomori S, Banjac V, Marinova-Djambazova P, Pinto da Costa M. Psychiatry Trainees' Attitudes, Knowledge, and Training in Addiction Psychiatry-A European Survey. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:585607. [PMID: 33488419 PMCID: PMC7820719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.585607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Although psychoactive substance use disorders (PSUDs) are a domain of mental health, addiction psychiatry is only formally recognized as a subspecialty in a few European countries, and there is no standardized training curriculum. Methods: A 76-item questionnaire was developed and disseminated through an online anonymous data-collecting system and hand-to-hand amongst psychiatric trainees from the 47 European countries of the Council of Europe plus Israel and Belarus. Results: 1,049/1,118 psychiatric trainees from 30 European countries completed the questionnaire. Fifty-nine-point nine percent of trainees stated to have training in addictions. Amongst the trainees who described having training in addictions, 43% documented a not well-structured training and 37% an unsatisfactory training, mainly due to poor acquired knowledge. Overall, 97% of trainees stated that addiction represents a core curriculum for their training. Overall, general adult psychiatric trainees reported a better knowledge in addictions, compared to trainees in child and adolescent psychiatry. Conclusion: Despite a growing spread of PSUDs in European countries, addiction psychiatry is a relatively poorly trained field within psychiatry training programs. Further research should investigate reasons for poor training and timings of the educational activities to optimize experiential education training in addiction psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Orsolini
- Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.,Psychopharmacology, Drug Misuse and Novel Psychoactive Substances Research Unit, School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Matej Potočan
- Psychiatric Hospital Begunje, Begunje na Gorenjskem, Slovenia
| | - Diego Quattrone
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matis Martens
- Vaasa Central Hospital, Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, Vaasa, Finland
| | - Sandra Sklenářová
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Charles University Second Faculty of Medicine, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czechia.,Institute of Neuropsychiatric Care, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jonna Levola
- Psychiatry, Hospital District of Helsinki and Uusimaa, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Leslie Grichy
- Adult Partial Hospitalization Program, Department of Psychiatry, Universitary Hospital Louis Mourier, Colombes, France
| | | | | | | | - Tomasz M Gondek
- European Psychiatric Association-Early Career Psychiatrists Committee, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anca-Livia Panfil
- County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Pius Brînzeu, Liaison Psychiatry, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Alberto San Roman Uria
- Psychiatric Inpatient Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Valme, Seville, Spain
| | - Ewelina Biskup
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy.,School of Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ekin Sönmez Güngör
- University of Health Sciences, Erenköy Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marisa Casanova Dias
- National Centre for Mental Health, MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.,Section of Women's Mental Health, King's College, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sonila Tomori
- University Hospital Center "Mother Theresa", Tirana, Albania
| | - Visnja Banjac
- Clinic of Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of the Republic of Srpska, Banjaluka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Petra Marinova-Djambazova
- Department of Psychiatry in Medical University, University Hospital "Aleksandrovska", Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Mariana Pinto da Costa
- Unit for Social and Community Psychiatry, World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Services Development, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Porto, Portugal
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Muric NN, Arsenijevic NN, Borovcanin MM. Chlorpromazine as a Potential Antipsychotic Choice in COVID-19 Treatment. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:612347. [PMID: 33424669 PMCID: PMC7785719 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.612347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nemanja N Muric
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N Arsenijevic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica M Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Psychiatric Clinic, Clinical Center Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Borovcanin MM, Janicijevic SM, Jovanovic IP, Gajovic N, Arsenijevic NN, Lukic ML. IL-33/ST2 Pathway and Galectin-3 as a New Analytes in Pathogenesis and Cardiometabolic Risk Evaluation in Psychosis. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:271. [PMID: 29988422 PMCID: PMC6024021 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia and treatment of this disorder are often accompanied with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular issues. Alterations in the serum level of innate immune mediators, such as interleukin-33 (IL-33) and its receptor IL-33R (ST2) and Galectin-3 (Gal-3) were observed in these conditions. Moreover, these parameters are potential prognostic and therapeutic markers. There is also accumulating evidence that these molecules play a role in neuroinflammation. Therefore, in this study we have investigated the serum level of Gal-3, IL-33 and soluble ST2 (sST2) in different stages of schizophrenia. Gal-3 levels were elevated in remission and lower in schizophrenia exacerbation in comparison with controls. Levels of IL-33 and sST2 are higher in schizophrenia exacerbation in comparison with controls and patients in remission. This initial analysis of new markers of neuroinflammation suggested their involvement in schizophrenia pathophysiology and/or cardiometabolic comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica M. Borovcanin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Slavica M. Janicijevic
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan P. Jovanovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena Gajovic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nebojsa N. Arsenijevic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Miodrag L. Lukic
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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