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Chen Z, Arai E, Khan O, Zhang Z, Ngiow SF, He Y, Huang H, Manne S, Cao Z, Baxter AE, Cai Z, Freilich E, Ali MA, Giles JR, Wu JE, Greenplate AR, Hakeem MA, Chen Q, Kurachi M, Nzingha K, Ekshyyan V, Mathew D, Wen Z, Speck NA, Battle A, Berger SL, Wherry EJ, Shi J. In vivo CD8 + T cell CRISPR screening reveals control by Fli1 in infection and cancer. Cell 2021; 184:1262-1280.e22. [PMID: 33636129 PMCID: PMC8054351 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Improving effector activity of antigen-specific T cells is a major goal in cancer immunotherapy. Despite the identification of several effector T cell (TEFF)-driving transcription factors (TFs), the transcriptional coordination of TEFF biology remains poorly understood. We developed an in vivo T cell CRISPR screening platform and identified a key mechanism restraining TEFF biology through the ETS family TF, Fli1. Genetic deletion of Fli1 enhanced TEFF responses without compromising memory or exhaustion precursors. Fli1 restrained TEFF lineage differentiation by binding to cis-regulatory elements of effector-associated genes. Loss of Fli1 increased chromatin accessibility at ETS:RUNX motifs, allowing more efficient Runx3-driven TEFF biology. CD8+ T cells lacking Fli1 provided substantially better protection against multiple infections and tumors. These data indicate that Fli1 safeguards the developing CD8+ T cell transcriptional landscape from excessive ETS:RUNX-driven TEFF cell differentiation. Moreover, genetic deletion of Fli1 improves TEFF differentiation and protective immunity in infections and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyu Chen
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Eri Arai
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Omar Khan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shin Foong Ngiow
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sasikanth Manne
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhendong Cao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E Baxter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhangying Cai
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Freilich
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohammed A Ali
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Josephine R Giles
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jennifer E Wu
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Allison R Greenplate
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed A Hakeem
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Qingzhou Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Makoto Kurachi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kito Nzingha
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Viktoriya Ekshyyan
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Divij Mathew
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhuoyu Wen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Nancy A Speck
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Alexis Battle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Junwei Shi
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Smith D, Hakeem MA, Parisiades P, Maynard-Casely HE, Foster D, Eden D, Bull DJ, Marshall ARL, Adawi AM, Howie R, Sapelkin A, Brazhkin VV, Proctor JE. Crossover between liquidlike and gaslike behavior in CH_{4} at 400 K. Phys Rev E 2017; 96:052113. [PMID: 29347717 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.96.052113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report experimental evidence for a crossover between a liquidlike state and a gaslike state in fluid methane (CH_{4}). This crossover is observed in all of our experiments, up to a temperature of 397 K, 2.1 times the critical temperature of methane. The crossover has been characterized with both Raman spectroscopy and x-ray diffraction in a number of separate experiments, and confirmed to be reversible. We associate this crossover with the Frenkel line-a recently hypothesized crossover in dynamic properties of fluids extending to arbitrarily high pressure and temperature, dividing the phase diagram into separate regions where the fluid possesses liquidlike and gaslike properties. On the liquidlike side the Raman-active vibration increases in frequency linearly as pressure is increased, as expected due to the repulsive interaction between adjacent molecules. On the gaslike side this competes with the attractive van der Waals potential leading the vibration frequency to decrease as pressure is increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Smith
- Materials and Physics Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, United Kingdom
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - M A Hakeem
- Materials and Physics Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - P Parisiades
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Beamline ID27, Boîte Postale 220, Grenoble, France
- IMPMC, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - H E Maynard-Casely
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Locked Bag 2001, Kirrawee DC, New South Wales, 2232, Australia
| | - D Foster
- Materials and Physics Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - D Eden
- Materials and Physics Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - D J Bull
- Materials and Physics Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, United Kingdom
| | - A R L Marshall
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - A M Adawi
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - R Howie
- SUPA, School of Physics and Centre for Science at Extreme Conditions, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
- Center for High Pressure Science & Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - A Sapelkin
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - V V Brazhkin
- Institute for High Pressure Physics, RAS, 108440 Troitsk, Moscow, Russia
| | - J E Proctor
- Materials and Physics Research Group, School of Computing, Science and Engineering, University of Salford, Manchester M5 4WT, United Kingdom
- School of Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
- Photon Science Institute and School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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