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Kamga Gninzeko FJ, Valentine MS, Tho CK, Chindal SR, Boc S, Dhapare S, Momin MAM, Hassan A, Hindle M, Farkas DR, Longest PW, Heise RL. Excipient Enhanced Growth Aerosol Surfactant Replacement Therapy in an In Vivo Rat Lung Injury Model. J Aerosol Med Pulm Drug Deliv 2020; 33:314-322. [PMID: 32453638 DOI: 10.1089/jamp.2020.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, breathing support and surfactant therapy are commonly used to enable the alveoli to expand. Surfactants are typically delivered through liquid instillation. However, liquid instillation does not specifically target the small airways. We have developed an excipient enhanced growth (EEG) powder aerosol formulation using Survanta®. Methods: EEG Survanta powder aerosol was delivered using a novel dry powder inhaler via tracheal insufflation to surfactant depleted rats at nominal doses of 3, 5, 10, and 20 mg of powder containing 0.61, 0.97, 1.73, and 3.46 mg of phospholipids (PL), whereas liquid Survanta was delivered via syringe instillation at doses of 2 and 4 mL/kg containing 18.6 and 34 mg of PL. Ventilation mechanics were measured before and after depletion, and after treatment. We hypothesized that EEG Survanta powder aerosol would improve lung mechanics compared with instilled liquid Survanta in surfactant depleted rats. Results and Conclusion: EEG Survanta powder aerosol at a dose of 0.61 mg PL significantly improved lung compliance and elastance compared with the liquid Survanta at a dose of 18.6 mg, which represents improved primary efficacy of the aerosol at a 30-fold lower dose of PL. There was no significant difference in white blood cell count of the lavage from the EEG Survanta group compared with liquid Survanta. These results provide an in vivo proof-of-concept for EEG Survanta powder aerosol as a promising method of surfactant replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck J Kamga Gninzeko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael S Valentine
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Cindy K Tho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sahil R Chindal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Susan Boc
- Department of Pharmaceutics, and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Sneha Dhapare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | | | - Amr Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Hindle
- Department of Pharmaceutics, and Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Dale R Farkas
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - P Worth Longest
- Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Rebecca L Heise
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Momin MAM, Bellah SF, Rahman SMR, Rahman AA, Murshid GMM, Emran TB. Phytopharmacological evaluation of ethanol extract of Sida cordifolia L. roots. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4:18-24. [PMID: 24144125 PMCID: PMC3819490 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(14)60202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the phytochemical screening (group determination) and selected pharmacological activities (antioxidant, antimicrobial and analgesic activity) of the plant Sida cordifolia Linn (S. cordifolia). METHODS Eighty percent concentrated ethanol extract of the roots was used. To identify the chemical constituents of plant extract standard procedures were followed. In phytochemical screening the crude extract was tested for the presence of different chemical groups like reducing sugar, tannins, saponins, steroids, flavonoids, gums, alkaloids and glycosides. The antioxidant property of ethanolic extract of S. cordifolia was assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Analgesic activity of the extract was tested using the model of acetic acid induced writhing in mice. Diclofenac sodium is used as reference standard drug for the analgesic activity test. Antibacterial activity of plant extract was carried out using disc diffusion method with five pathogenic bacteria comparison with kanamycin as a standard. RESULTS Phytochemical analysis of the ethanolic extract of the roots of S. cordifolia indicated the presence of reducing sugar, alkaloids, steroids and saponins. In DPPH scavenging assay the IC50 value was found to be 50 μg/mL which was not comparable to the standard ascorbic acid. The crude extract produced 44.30% inhibition of writhing at the dose of 500 mg/kg body weight which is statistically significant (P>0.001). The in vitro antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract of the roots of S. cordifolia showed no antimicrobial activity against five types of microorganisms. The experiment was conducted only with five species of bacteria as test species, which do not at all indicate the total inactivity against micro-organisms. CONCLUSION The obtained results provide a support for the use of this plant in traditional medicine but further pharmacological studies are required.
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